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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Herald, 1910-12-30, Page 6AISliNG THE DEAD1 The Wonderful eat Accomplished: By Electricity. Then, !rzc ..:i.: in Deeehtrb, r; • 19)8, Paris fottee Atonf cujoying all the -11111114 If a great ate, •a wendrone tape that -the floc.. 'L A quite rt newspaper ttOrre,- apendents there have Ilex+;et' tuhd to this rias; a woman, flea{ and tit en up by the dontors in atte..d:ttee, had ii:ef brottgltt bake to life. The woman was only one of the ivatly characters :if her kind iu the und•3r- world--a, ni.ordiine 'eater --and she had Been admitted to the Ste. lime eyh.n3.. Dr. Magnan'si service. For two yeahs she had izttlulged each day in two grains of the drug. When admitted to tau 11ae= Otte]. she woe deprived of this dace. Waiting to be examined by Dr. Magnan, elle had a euddeu attach of syncope. Various rxtea,ns were tiled to revive ln'r and • she regained eonsciousuess, In a few minutes she fell into a set•on(1 at- taek. Her reespiration became slow, shallow, appearing at rare intervalse- perhaps four or live per minute. Tile pulse was almost imperceptible aid her face was blue -almost Illus -black... _from asphyxia. Aesistaiit physicians began to practice artificial respirstioa and rhyth- mic tracticr, of the tongue. Almost any reader has witneeted the ap,.pliratiou of ,.hese metbo .s in tkro'wning c•asee at some stunrrier beard;. At the end of twenty ;Minutes every method bad proved uil- availing. The bet visible spar]: of ani- mation had fled. The patient was quite black in time face, to use the doett'rs sewn expressio:a. "Dead?" they said. ".Twenty minutes 'wail elapsed after' death before Dr. Rob- ineviteh'a electrical coil Will broil ltt in and the electrodes platted in their pro- ber position frr resuscitation: the male ode in the dorsal region, the anode hi :he lumbar. Imagine for a minute what this 4eene :represented. Not" one of the. spectator' eeptteted a favorable result. though ail were deeply eytgrotsed in a situation -itrchargerl :villi dramatics. 'lheu the thniir..ei:eitatlone were begun and -•rr:lcticed for thirty secottda. Beeause ..he patient looked so thorougihly as- ttitysdated, juritt'i, g from tite color of the attic, the operator shortened the period f lila op?:`_in of the circuit: The change �'Y��9 �rttk r�®, .��it�als,tic, s :...4% ,e'er 9.,Y •X14 shimming, L never, hFI and ming, revier. 4.Sure cure. azd positive preventive, no uiettc.'r how horses at agy age aro inletted or "exposed.!' Liquid, given ors tate tenI'ue, acts on the Blood and l: di Glands, expels the poisonous gorros front the hotly, Cures. Distemper in Dogs and Sheep. tend Cholera In Poultry. Largest' seines live stock remedy. cares LaGri to Logone human helot t aacl lea fide idem*, remedy. 50a end lir s pt this out. Keep it. Shaw it to you druggist, whobottle; ll6 and ors A desert, Cut F Cannes sed Cures." who. will tet it far you. 'Free Booklet, ", Distat�peri casTR18UTous-,\Ltemeiol.Esenti DRIJOGISTS SPOON MEDICAL CO,. alcohols mad Alectetirtseists, 05M1.!V, ltBr U_ A, DY' "SILENT" MATCHES ARE THE MOST MODERN *N) PERFECT A SURE LIGHT, THE FIRST STRIKE They make no noise or sputter—aquiet, steady flame. The motels for the smoker, the office and the home, All good dealers keep them And Lady's Woodenwere, lel;breware, Tubs, ]'ails and "Washboards. The E. B. EDDY Co., Limited, DULL, CANADA THE LIMIT. Difficulty of Carving a Bird Only Two Legs. .Pa e a diener, to witieit he merited three or tone of his neigbbori. 1'a: bed allowed lite wife to cook only nee e.1ah•l.en, relates en e xcliange. 'SVIten dimmer tvn'e ,vetted Pat look possession of the ear i,e .',:,lifeand, in a most hos- pitable torr. sai.1 to ,firs. Dugan: • \\'fiat part u1. the fowl will yet bite.;' "A leg. if you l,!eese," was t e answer. \'i' what tart will ver. have*: Would t't•8like some 0f the ,whit''?'" Pitt Iuture1 of l•ti t. 0"dooligaii. "All' a leg will do nen" she answered. \; eai:h a -acted the par: cd the fowl she deshe t we Ztilt'ti.n Ilex. "\'Teat part will yet hive. Meike_ 1t";ileb?" Pat bland-:- itt'i fled of his neighbor. 'Dila Pe Oi Will t9k.e >i ie.g. too," said 1me, in his most modest way. tvi4ltilig io fellers in the footsteps of the rest of the einupany. - "lieges ra,"said Yat to Mickey.."whet thee i'.: thine Oi'ni ,•arring'•-a epiderts With 1 bit took plaice was like the breaking np a - e. x storm clouds, ou a summer afternoon Minard's Linnnent Cures Diphtheria. to make wa.y' for the full ra.clianc-e of —mem e—. 'he sun. As the excitations were re- Touch t ' DOOT. rented the dark bine of the features '.' 0.ed to tale blue, then io an almost -nee pardoxe, parse, gut a "uoae•' 1 :ttural ardor. There watt a studt. sharp ,deli and the woman's eyes- popped ope,i. "-Clivi I feel so cold in: the back! she •'rigid, with a, shiver. It was- tite wet -tad of cotton in the electrodes :ti her .r.:^k Ifrorft "Wringing the. Dead to Life," in January 'Ceehnicttl World Mag - eine. _o, THE BEST MEDICINE FOR UTILE ONES • The - heat :medicine in the world for tie ones i4 the medicine taint 'rill i'it•mptly cure all their little ille and at mo same time can be given the very y,ungest baby with absolute safety. retell. a medicine is Baby's Own Tablets. They never fail to cure the ills of child- •"vod and the mother has the guarantee et a government analyst that. they ins ;,,i+, contain one particle of ittjurions • dreg. Concerning them, Mil. John b it- :i:sae :\ trooper of the road: Sante old tale, ghost tray fake, ;'ted umange faded—mowed!;some of the boys are walking yet. Trunks nailed, ;tet the ladies' tool The treasus•er hiked with the bum soubrette 1\'iien the mythical angel Flew: " Th:ruse pie lady: Your Pa knew nae— ta tite Borg. Triter,: we both Were born. I'm t+or 11 and out. Would you luau pie a To a faintly iri•: i:t forlorn? • ,'t'iwn't winyl, net coffee you smell. . Alt, thattl:a! Gee, only a dirtiel Say,. Will—looked like a cinch, thatspell! Amt. it couple of beers this time. "Car.1 see you a minute? --alone Itnow'- tt'. IA cly'll a .etwe, 7'm Sere. A11 ;right, I'll wait for you --alter sho 1'11 be there at tie old stage door. 0 w^tu tee MEANING OF'Ti-lE GREEN BOUGH It is Placed on f'.w Houses That Bad Spirits May Roost in It. The custom of p!ac'ing a green bough on the roof of si m'a'lt' birilt house isnot confined to Germany. but was adopted by the ireneh Canadian«, who brought it with then" frc•t:e Brittany. The custom ori ';:tttte:d f1•0131 the super- stition prevalent,ventures ago that every tree is in?zb ,ted by a spirit. Con- sequently it W.s `relieved that every time a tree. wars: , hell another spirit was dispossessed, and this . was supposed to cause seine lameness on his part against society; Bather than risk braving these home- less and disgrtti�r.led spirits vent their ill' feeling upon.lie houses -under eon- struetion or iup.tn the builders. says Van ;Aordet's Magazine, a branch was planted ou the 1t !hest part of the house for their oeetipo.ey. They were then supposed to be <inollified, and it they re- mained so until the roof was put on any evil design contemplated would prove harmless,` for the spell Mould be broken. ttrt1.i! didn't dein you'd remember, 'nut T see you"e the sante good heart! Ota. the farola first I did you, long ago? Well, I may get artotLer• start! • •�P'eeae tate my card to bis dressing ..i Streeteville. Ont., 'triter: hive used Baby's Otnt 1' 11ete for con- i L ltnew you ,,ere Wie.err so I thought 1'li route 'IiItbel' three? T r^.n :hick it-- etipation, with the very best resells. They are irtd.eed a valuable medicine for • lit' little ones." The Tablets are sold 11 medicine dealers or by ail at With my little tale of woe. in 1 a't lead a job since hey wife went tt:•:ay. Anel I're tat a tit to from nay daughter. tt a snail tl'nugitt YOU might stake nie to loin '.: emits a box from .The 1)r. 'Williams hew Mae. No? -41.1 iter No?-41.1—thanks for that quarter!" T':.,'don. 'frfelid! play- T 'much— no. no! Cjui a matter -.'Fleet I wish to say T; -tale knew each other sometime ago, \ftii how much T enjoyed your play. 'Pleaca:re a surprise, a shock! a stroke; I 'haven't recovered yet— l'o't toanec1 toe twenty when T we4 ln'oke And i. -Met want to pay an Old debt." \fedieine Co., Brocltt;ille, Ont. o TOWER OF PISA TO -DAY. xe ordting to the .iarl•ingt. o :,. Ito; ai, e'=,-nenistton appointed to ittresttgal•a the resent, oottdltion of the l..:ailing :!:ower Pisa it semis that; inetiiod of being memorted on a massive fotiti•latio'1 the never rests on a ring-shaped masonry Minard's Liniment Cures Garget in se, with an inner diameter of tel feel Coves. t I.2 iuohea,ernietl, tate same a+ the ha - ,',ie diaan'ter of the 1 aerge The tomer iebout 177 feel high. end - tt '2:'D ,l '.-'.'ii ' t,a.ve been 3.4 Ire: ii techm, 'int ..,1 e .,irib; sines tthet iime its inttitzl110n p.11. been i tcreeete 1 lie ell mill:!:e,,hal ',(l055 feet per tom a? -he 1 sigh In 3,44 an eatiea'..e tat -,ed n cityfi ,.:lu al,out J in hes, Minard's Liniment Cures Distemper FAMOUS SAYINGS. "War Even to the 'Knife."—Palafox. l:nt Byron's "C:hilde .Harold'; Pilgrim eon" is quoted this f neons expression'' l,y Palafox in the line, War, war le still the cry—`war even to thy. knife; " These famous words were originally used as the reply of Palafos, the Governor 01 Saragossa, when summoned to surren- der lty the French, who Besieged his city in .1808. ,Saragossa, or sometimes spelled Zara gout;•was the chief eity of an inland pro• • wince of Sptsiri:o£'the same Arne, and one of the three into adficht Aragon is now divided. Little ie heard of the city to, day, but it figured quite prominently 111 the earlier centuries, mid the most 'recent everts in its History are those which took place tiering the Napoleonic invasion, In 1803 the citizens arose against the French, and under the'coin.- mand of Falafel defended the town for two months. Tho memory of this siege is kept a11ve through the valiant part played by Au gustine, the "Maid of Saragossa. She was a vivandiere in the Spanish army. Once, during this siege, she snatched the. fuse from a falling eannoneer and fired the gun at the enemy, gaining, by this act, the name of "La Artillera." Sic was made sub -lieutenant in the Spaniel' army, and 'presented with many deeora• tions. It was of Augustine, that Byron sings praises in the fines• from "Glade Harold" quoted above. The full name or the Spanish genera; was ,Tose de Palafox y Melzia. He was the Duke of Saragossa, born 1780, and died on Feb. 10, 1874. Be wee captain - general of Aragon; and in spite of his noble defence of the city it utas finallye captured by the French after a hard= fought contest. PIKS CURED at .ROME by New Absorption Method iTf - (Oh: ag t 1 t ,lune.' "0. 1'=^a:mote, lok:" S9.'11 oitiiny. - ,tatty grafi?ietl a piei'e of raw baton. ami i it3 try ittz• ;u 4 5110: it." dare it ' dr! lr et:t•Iat3.ied the ftt•tlt-" of the • :family. "d°- . i --meant the ab s, o? 001111'y hlarva.' he gelded , oro- meet later. ''i'ri' h itte yc n iot,'ting, et ale {diet, I'r''ifled way'," _... WHAT THE POET BROUGHT, if^ taint and :'ea{ that day so gtiie.tly t sctti'tte !me hQ had t:otue ere lie tree But. tontine-' 11!V that he bad left iipoil hearth a casket with a golden k"y; .tart in the box that he hit brought to me I it,aild z crimson sunset said a dawn. ,\ leioud. a relebot'f and a gi'aa°y lawn, A t'loth of noonbaantt anti a honey bee, .1 roes, a ribbon and n lock of hair. \ woman's picture and a signet ring,. \ :diver stream :t it:tin a woodland wild, A dewdrop on a. lily frail and fair; The mucic of a bluebird in the spriuM--•• furl best of ail. the lougitter of n. child. -_-;'tames William Callahan, .laumry tht3V i t 'met. SOME r?:.1PARTEE, If you suffer front bleeding, itching, blind or pratrul'ug files, send me your addresseeed T wit, te]l you how to eure yo u'self •tt il' atd ivy the Stew'bsoiption trement;`axi gat oleo sdit�.'-coin of this Mete t'erstlnent free for trial, with reference front your own locality if requested. immediate relief and per- inaneltt core assured. Send ito money, but tell others of this offer. Write to- day to Mrs. \L Summers, Box k'. 8, Windsor, Ont.. ISSUE NO. 52 1910 �w AGiENTS WANTED. START TIC& ROUTE TO -DAT. BEND postal •for circulars, or 100 for samples and terms. Alfred Tyler, Lou- den. Ont.______�_ Agents Wanted Two new lines. Apply, Seliery, 2':5 Al- bert street., Ottawa. FARMS -roll SALL Dr..Mattel's Female Pills SEVENTEEN YEARS THE STANDARD Preecrihed and recommended for we - man's ailments, a scientifically pre- pared remedy of . proven worth. I he result from their use is quick and per- manent. For sale at all chug stores. CERTIFIED AUDITORS, Accountants, Etc, Special Rate ea ctrl outside audits. apply for terms, dates, etc. ' RALPH C. MIMURTON & COMPANY, " 3 KING STREET WEST. TORONTO. ONT. t iso�, f: BEST MEDICINE for COUGHS lrr Coa.r7S HOW A SPOIL A BROOM. Here You Find Set Forth Mao How to Use It to the Rest Advantage. WORMS FOUND ON. &HE SNOW. An experience of 60 years hltving taught him that eircuinsbantiality is the natural bulwark. of a reputation for temperance, Ahrens C. Shelley of Win- atcd. Conn., Or, ardent rum hater, thought instantly of his son-in-law on finding hundreds of grub vrot•rns lying in the quote as he fared home from the bedside of an ailing friend. Arriving home he celled his house- hold about him and planed the worms in a dish near the stove. The worms showed signs of life at. 000e. "You're not • trying to tell us they crawled up tlrrolagh five inches of snow?" coldly `'asked the soar -in-law, his eyes like sli4e1 points. 'Tnt rot," replied the older man; "doubtless they were picked tip iu the south by a vug rittit wind and en.me down on Wiesterl with a en,o'eveto3'r." And the wield -law, at a loot; from hitt wife, uoddtd:anii said he wits .cote vieced. •'3,1'!,;11 is goieg on:" said. a Lore, :stop. ping Douglas Jerrold on the street, ;l ani," anis the -meeker suited the atl'100 to the word. Akin to thitt •tv±t4 the afluhvet of :Pekin \y't-itley to the hi.tstt'ring ttweggittn' Si'13ct pushe:l hint on the it'it.lt .tiitit the in- sulting i'ehiS7rk, "I rt'tet' rea'c't way for it feel." 1 eIways do," Said \\'esirt, quietly stooping aside end then placidly itni-att- ing his way. 1 eiardier o.iitede,te is told of Lord Kitehener, of. Klhartoumn, who, while wailing in St. James' Park, was a-!ceet- ed by an effusive att'st'g'er who grasped his hand and ;aid. 'Bello. Lord Titehee- er, 1 het; ;fon l'oll's know no.", The general gn•setl at him unmoved. "You win," he remarked tae itr:na`il r, and "It makee me sad," said a broom maker, "to see the way people use brooms. The life of a broom could be twice prolonged by proper usage, and used properly it would be vastly easier to use. "You've seen people sweeping ahead of them, pushing stuff with a broom? Why, the best broom than, ever_ was made. of the 'best and most perfectly sea, coned broomcorn stock that ever was put into a broom; couldn't stand such treatment as that. "With such handling splints will break off. The splints remaining, ,jagged ane uneven, hear unevenic on the strrfaee. You neveratan sweep clean with it after that. "°Thehi you know the utajority of, sweepers always sweep with the same side of the broom to the ;rout, and in this way they soon get the broom lop- sided, so that they can't use it any other way. There couldn't be a worse wily. 'Teed in this manner the points of the splints get bent all one .i ay and then they meet together at their ends. They don't 'bite, they don't take hold of duet es they are meant to do, they don't sweep clean; and when a broom has come to this condition the sweeper i3 lass careful of it, for then it is not. so good a broom. Stich a brtto;n the sweeper •feels ..that he may push ahead of ]lien; and when itrt. dei's this with it the broom is finally anti] irretrievably. ruined. "Of course the correct way to use. a )tram is with the handle, !n its in:;.iii Position. held vertically, so that all the splints in the •face of the broom will take hold at the same time and evenly. da %weeping the ?froom shon'.d be stating. haul: and forth. from a porn back of the sweeper to a point at an moult diestauce in front. That ie the proper way to pec a broom, and then every da; the sweep- er should turn the broom around, so a•4 to sweep with a different side dally. tread in this manner and turned daily the broom t,eara clown evenly. • "I have Seen --•-a delight to the prt:fe4- sional eye and a comfort to everybody who 1ike5 to see any implement used to the hest advar.cage thottghtfulfy and considerately --1 het -e• seen brooms that. • had been 40 teed that had worn clown 'a1Y11011t to the'btrdieg thrtadt lila that still bit beautifully. 1 sin p3 l ectit, well aware that 'begonia earel.mely need, ai. commonly they are, wear out fatter, With a eorrelponding bene?L to brhoei mauufaeture; lett stili 1110 reat!v iitte to F,e.e anybody misuse a '!;roma.'' HANGED THE, CLEVER FORGER. Of curious petitions against the death penalty being enforced, one recalls the eighteenth century case of William Ry- land, who was sentenced for forging a bill for £7,114 on the East India House. YThe forgery was a work of art. No less 'than' thirty signatures were imitated, and at the trial not one of the victims could swear that the signature was not his own. However, with the help of the paper manufacturers, Pyland's guilt was brought home. Then Game the peti- tion of his friends. So clever a Intim ought never to be hanged, they pleaded; his craftsmanship should save him. It gained hike. a respite; he was allowed to finish a fine engraving he had be- gun, but nothing more. Though the en- graver was a favorite of George lib., that King quite failed to see how a forgery graver was a favorite of George 111., that was a clever forgery— From the ''ail Mall Gazette. Cattle Have Grown Twice as Sit; as Two Hundred Years Ado. It is a long cry from the four -toes horse of prehistoric times to the draft teams and roadsters of -ito-day, but now and again the development in breeds and species even in comparatively short spacee of time, whether of horseia or of cattle, is attested by records of more recent date. An investigator into the • history of the breeding of cattle says: . "In 1770 Dr: Davenant, an English writer of political economy, 'estimated the average -weight of dressed' cattle. ; did not exceed' 370 patinas. In 134E Mc- Cullock stated. -that 'at present the aver- age of Battle on the hoof is eatimated at about 700 pounds. • Tesides, the cattle of 200 years ago-- . hardly half the sire-ewhat monsters prime steers of to -day would have look- ed; and even our grandfathers might he moved to wondering admiration of modern stock if the process of growth and improvement had not beeu so grarl- 1131 as to pass unnoticed. But while the farmer has been stead- ily improving; his stock, Ile also itas found time to take big strifes in the develepmerit ,ted improvement of his farm.machinery. The- automobile and the aeroplane ttawra been sensational and speetaeular developments in. other lines of meehaneal invention, but it is by no means certain they will ever prove of the same essential benefit to -mankind es those machines which, directly or ndireetly, enable the farmer to till more land more easily and to gather in and market more food stuffs more quickly for the universal need. Tho farmer must bear in mind, how- ever. that these modern rnaehiues, with all their delicate improvements, detnarid and deserve the beat of treatment, and the first essential in miring for a- ma- chine is proper lubrication. The qual- ity of oil used malting it trentendous difference in the work and wear you get front your snowing, and 1'91t131a mix- chiriee. your retailers, hart -miters and theneltire 11.a;,hiner. 1e ut;Pt;ienre hoe shown that a heavy oil is 1il'atf for rarmt1 maoltinery, ivhere grease eupt are not used; the beering.s usually are it trifle loose, whether by design or frnin wear, and a linin MI 50:011 runs off. The Queen City Oil Com - pane. Limited, of Toronto. has been eonditeting. elaborate experiments, ex- tending over several years, with a: view to furnishing an oil that will exactly meet the requirements of the. farmers in this dirertior. Granite }tervewter 0111 is •the name Mott has been given to this product. and he - portant advtttrtatres are elait1153 fit it, en111 as great durability, edose e1h'gint! tr, loose boxes and worn bearings. and the "t'4lla`-OTit' oe. Tia" 3'.1 e. metier that ,11Ena3 J n liniment 013 , Omit lent t1y caugh t^r. 13 years ulu, twee tbtnw: 1r011i 0. tt1eil?13 and in - jived her f ieme so badly it, remained stiff and vett ,painful for tl?tee yea3's. ''cite cottlas of 1tD AaU'ti LINIMENT romplstelp ;'need her and she has not` horn tronidel for two years. 1 nitre truly, J. B. f:i ±'li,Siti)t' tit. 1r*smilt P. 0., 13th .%og.7(101t. NODU RT. \gile:mat, frtam which .{lent t V. made. his triulnpltal w etry into I,ordon, is our English way oc spelling A:siieourt, just at Blenheim fayre simile, eot'lruptiot of Blitdheiiu. Io about two and a lh.tlf 'hours' Iletrybt 'little army stew 111,0t1(1 Frenchmen, neeet r twice .tat fenny a4 tt'ci ourselves lo,t titttright in battle during our !i0 t v.ar, hl e.•ing 'O''er' two anti a .bai:f years—and yet we talk coreplaeent. ly of our 'Modems at'nie of precision!„ A mown -men nt a'r .1.gineourt snarl:s-.t.he cemetery at .he es7a•ia, ]=ew hattlellelda have changed 'their appearance so little The field may be 'reached• ivit.hin a rail- :vay hour from Botilolt'ite, but few toui- o to the Beene of the most.isoltiiei" fel feat of tartan argument 17 OUT race.--• 1.ondou 'Citron VALUE OF THE SNOW BLANKET, All northern farn:er5 l:now the value of a good covering of snow upon the ground 1.0 winter, but until reeeittly no - heeler appears to have meaattred the heat -storing properties of the blanket furnished by nature to protect buried seeds when the .January frosts are grip- ping `the air. Monsieur i3jelstroein sup- plies the lailking ' i.e:hnatitn as the i.e- .;tilt. of e\ meet/emit meet/emitme de by him 731 P,.,.,,t3 ' ^ t. S! S - t",031 SMI , '385 4wxiay ) :or?hertz .1 itoue, it.' li ode that a dense 'wvit11 7'attlif: g't artd i;{ar'rin ;1.111031: P.n- rc•oating' of snow only one centimetre 'iu {.ire]'. Stteelal care has been taken thickness is 30tire», its effective aq to 3 't-rioua a•cfd% enter into its heat, d t' ''0 trmea as effete composition. sheet of ,tole i.n "than the escape of to see 1'0 in:411100S ilia . itn ittl'9.`. riti!i .� ''ion. and it is not affti,iterl by viva aw a emme oe poppy, ]';vein a eteme. -extremes of temperature, either of sum - in;; made of x niectnre or clay and sand 14 only or,teseetl.:ntt a8 erfeeti''e as anew in retainage hoot. - ' Minard's Liniment Cures Colds, Etc. ATMOSPHE RIC ]iSPLACEMENT. Mrs. Ernbon--1 have been told that \liw La.rgun and 1 look a groat deal e.iike, I've never seen her, hut they say she's my double. Bachelor Brother-, _ft al,11.'t gear don - mer et' winter. DIDN'T L&V1E U?' TO HIS FAME.. (Philadelphia- ?Accord.) Fat T.ady- +t bat has become of the strong mart? Living Skeleton --He chucked tip his pob and went into polities. Eat Lady-•-HOty did he make ont? Living Skeleton—Ho couldia't carry his own division. ble, Miranda, site's the b?apgest wo'tnait Tr•tte friends have no solitary joy or on earth. sorrow.•-•-Chainning,