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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Herald, 1913-04-04, Page 211If. GliMANS IRE FARING ING UliE WORKERS A.RE PROTECT- ED BY LAWS. The Houses Are Bare of Ornamen- tation for Economic Rea.. sons. Probably there are few places in Europe where country life is so well understood as it is in Germany. There the northern and eastern provinces are almost entirely agri- cultural, and the greater number of influential and noble families are gutsbesitzers, or land owners= -- otherwise farmers on a large scale. The gutshausen vary in size and status of the owners. Those belong- ing to the nobility are frequently old towers or castles, having the family arms, or else the date of building and a. motto, raised on a shield above the door, while the manors of the wohlgeborn, or gen- try, are less imposing in appear- ance. more resembling the rambling two-storey country houses familiar to many parts of England. In most of those dwellings com- forts and luxuries of every sort are unusually conspicuous by their ab- sence, so that however palatial the exterior may seem, the interior is, at first sight, likely to'impress the stranger unfavorably. For in- stance, the vestibules and entrance halls are rarely provided with rugs or carpets, which is due rather to hygienic than economic principles. Nor are those hygienic precautions always confined to the hall, for even the bedrooms and passages are gen- erally devoid of everything save ab- solute necessaries. But if not orna- mental they are commodious and airy. Management Almost Uniform. In point of size the estates sel- dom exceed twenty-five hundred acres, except in a wooded district and, generally speaking, the man agement is much the same on all varying slightly according to the mind and disposition of the owner In some ways it is reminiscent o feudal days, when. "the bold baron ruled supreme," at once the friend and master—occasionally the mis fortune --of his dependents. Of late years it has _ been corn pitleery for a land owner to provide for the education of the children on his estate until they attain the age of 14. Government also insist upon a worker's pension in the case of illness or disablement. This i arranged by means of a "saving account," i.e., at the end of each week the employe takes his saving book to his master, to whom he pays the amount due. This sum may may not be lees than ten pfen nigs (a penny and a fraction) and may be more at his own discretion— the higher the amount paid in the better the return. For every penny thus entered by a workman the master is obliged to enter an equi valent sum, moreover, any work man. attaining the age of 70 is en titled to a gift of $30. How Wanderarbeiter Work. Besides the usual hands, there are in summer what arc termed wanderarbeiter. These people come from the confines of Russia and Poland, being gathered together and marched to the various German states by overseers, whose duty it is to int'rpret and to keep them at work. On arriving they are bound over for a. certain number of months, but not infrequently there arise cases of desertion — either they wish for more pay and so "flit" in the night to another place, or else grow homesick and stray away to the frontier. II6 BRIQUETTES OF SAWDUST, Aew Industry Being Operated With Success in Germany. A new industry may be success- fully combined with the planing mills, that of making of the saw- dust briquettes to be used for firing under the boilers, thus consider- ably decreasing the cost of the fuel -to the mill owner. This is being very advantageously done in Ger- may. The sawdust is automatically gathered and conveyed to a place pear the presses. From here it is carried over a heated belt conveyor to a drying -room. This has a cyl- indrical revolving drum about two feet in. diameter and 30 feet long, In this drum the sawdust is partial- ly dried, the ,pitch contained in the weed is softened, acting hereafter as a binder. From here the saw- dust is conveyed over an incline to the after -dryer of the same; shape as .the first dryer Which forms a part of the press. Envying the rich never trade a Poor man a dollar, Fust what you need after a hard day's work --A Refresh. ing cup of Goes farthest for the money arcznortazzvatoksismoium 'LVES By The Y '• .;: F If you want the best and longest - wearing gloves or mitts ever turned out of a factory be sure and ask for the famous PINTO S t: ELL These gloves are specially. tanned for hard service and will save you money and reduce your glove expense by the year. Send for our descriptive pamphlet—The Pinto's Shell. 1LIOSON &3AY IiiNI TTIING CO. Canada's Expert Glove and @aft Makers, MONTREI,+L, , earl THE ECHO TEST. Safety Device for Preventing Col- lision at Sea. Sir Hiram Maxim, inventor of those terrible agents of destruction, cordite, smokeless powder and the Maxim gun, has just invented a safety device for preventing colli- sions at sea. The tragic fate of the Titanic moved him to try, and he had reflected only four hours on the problem when it occurred to him that ships could be provided with what might be called a sixth sense, by which they could detect large objects near at hand without the aid of a search -light. This sixth sense, which may be called an "echo" sense, he knew to be pos- sessed by bats. Bats, nocturnal though they are, have not especially powerful eyes for seeing in the dark. Moreover, in total darkness no .creature can see, but a bat be. the thick blackness of a cave at midnight can fly about with perfect security; so can, a bat that is blind. The sereitive nerves of the face and wings are so ar- ranged as to produce the echo sense, which warns them always of any solid mass near by, "In many cases, the organ that gives the bat the sixth sense is spread all over its face. In the vampire bat, the organ is on the tip of its nose; it stands up in. the air and is called the `shield' ; but in most of the small bats which catch insects on the wing, we fined two little leaves, not unlike the wings of •the insect that it pursues, standing up just in front of the ears." These sensitive spots, together with the fine nervous network of the entire head and wings, are all closely connected with each other and with the brain. As the bat flies about, the beat of its wings sends out a succession of air -waves or pulsations. These are not rapid enough to oonstitut' sound, but striking against surrounding ob- jects, they are reflected back just as sound or light would he; and these reflected vibrations, received by the sensitive organs so exquisitely ar- ranged, enable the bat to judge the distance of any object by the lapse of time between the departure and return of the air=waves. The ingenious apparatus which �Y IS 711 E Slr8T FOR YOU. It keeps your "White Clothes" looking Just tidoes Now.oSpot or Streak the clothes as there is no settling. It is the "Handiest Kind" to use. t is Guaranteed to give Perfect Satis- faction or money Cheerfully Refunded, L STE N TRY IT, and Prove It for Yourself. A so centpack- agelasts about "J -R Blue Is much better than any other," Miss Thomson, Belmont; Man Bl a Superior ttocother bluestess'Good Blues." Mrs. Prank J. Size Washings Moore, Conn, Out, Manufactured by "J -R Blue Is the beat' Ti.oJoi,neon. Blue I ever used." Mrs. W, itichardaon go, Switzer, Brandon, Man. Molted, Montreal, Can, • Sir Hiram Maxim, acting on this; hint, has invented to warn ships •at sea of approaching icebergs, 'sae - eels, rocks or fog -veiled shores could be described fully only at considerable length; the unscienti- fic reader will probably understand it quite as well if he is simply told that it is an echo test, We have a1•l heard of the fabled mouse thatsaved the lion. In plain truth, his little winged cousin, the flittermouse, may do far more. Some day—who knows l—a greater Titan of 'the sea than the lost Titan- ic may owe her safety to a bat... Christians in India: The London Times places . the number of .Christians in India . at nearly 4,000,000, of whom 3,547,000 are natives. The total is about one in every 80 of the 315,000,000 living in the great dependency, The -Ro- man Catholic church has the 'that place, with 1,394,000, an increase of 272,000 in the last decade. The Baptists have grown from 217,000 to 331,000; the Anglicans 304,000 to 332,000; Congregationalists from 37,000 to 134,000; the Presbyterians have increased 120, 0.00, and 'the Methodists 97,000. Men Who Don't Exercise Suffer Front Indigestion,:: Head - Aches, Poor Appetite, Sleeplessness. Nothing so Sure to "Set Up" a Man, Make Him Feel Brisk and Y1g- orous as Dr. Hamilton's Pills. Lack of exercise and overwork were the causes that combined to almost kill Samuel S. Stephens, Jr., one of the best' known citizens in Woodstock.: In his convincing letter, Mr, Stephens says: "A year ago I returned home ate* a long trip, completely worn out. I was so badly affected by chronic biliousness, so much overcome by constant headaches, dizziness, that I despaired of ever getting well. "it was a blessing that i used Dr. Ham- ilton's Pills. In one week I felt like a new man. The feeling of weight and nausea in my stomach disappeared. My oyes looked brighter, color grow better, and, best of all, I began to enjoy my meals. The dizziness, langour and feeling of depression passed away, and i fast re- gained my old-time vigor and spirits. To- day I am well—thanks to Dr. Hamilton's Pills." For health, strength, comfort and good spirits there is no medicine like Dr. Ham- ilton's Pills. 250. per box, five boxes for $1.00, at all druggists and storekeepers, or by mail from The Catarrhozone Co., Buffalo, N. Y., and Kingston, Canada. 44 • Grains of Gold. The virtue of prosperity is tem- perance; the virtue of adversity is fortitude.—Bacon, He that falls into sin is a man ; that grieves at it a saint; that boasteth of it a devil.—Fuller. Great men do not play stage tricks with the doctrines of life and death ; only little men do that, -- Ruskin. The comfort which poor human beings want in such world• as this is not the comfort of ease, but the comfort of strength.—Kingsley. There is something harder to face than death, and that is the realiza- tion of failure and misdirected effort and weeng-doing.--1 : G. Wells, There is an idea abroad among moral people that they should make their neighbors good. One person I have to make good : myself,; R. L. Stevenson, Nothing is more silly than the pleasure some people take in "speaking their minds," A man of this make will -say a rude thing for the mere pleasure of saying it, when an opposite behavior, fully as innocent, might have preserved his friend, or made lois fortune:. -- Steele, The Weak Spot, Blobbs—You know disease always attacks the weakest spot, Slobbs- -l7o you suppose that is why so many 'people get a cold iii the head' OIIR LETTER FROM TORO; TO. WHAT THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY ARS, DISCUSSING AT PRESENT TiME. The Hector of St. Paul's Church—A Cana- dian Northern Town—Ontario Hoy Makes Good—Tight money, When a man can achieve a salary of $8,000 a year merely for preaching, it goes without saying that he has gifts that are out of the ordinary. Such a man is Archdeacon H. J. Cody, Rector of St, Paul's Church, Bloor St,, Toronto. The $8,000 salary ie, in hie case, a reality. Previous to the annual business meeting of the church the other day it was $6,000, but recognizing the great value of his work and the church being one of the wealthiest in Toronto, an iroreaee of $2,- 000 a year was made with groat unanimity and enthusiasm. As indicating the wealth of the congregation it may be pointed out that their income for the year amounted to over $73,000• of which more than $20,- 000 20;000 was devoted to Mission work. When Archdeacon Cody began his con- nection with St. Paul's Church as even- ing preacher, several years ago, St. Paul's was a comparatively small institution, with a small church edifice and of very ;modest pretensions in every way. At that time Mr. Cody had just graduated, and was lecturing at Wycliffe College on Church history. It was not until four- teen years ago, in 1899, that Mr. Cody be- came rector of the Church. Since that date St. Paul's has grown to be one of the moat active and biggest +church or- ganizations in the whole country. A mag- nificent new church has been erected at a cost of $290,000 for building alone, and an organ is being installed which will be the finest in Canada. The organ is being fur- nished by Mrs. Blackstock as a memorial to her husband, the late G. T, Black- stock. The new St. Paul's is not yet oc- cupied, but, after many delays, is now promised for October 1st next. When fin- ished it will be a monument to Archdea- con Cody's many abilities. Belongs to Low Churchmen, Perhaps the most prominent supporter Mr. Cody has at St. Paul's is Honorable S. II. Blake. He has been generous in his money contributions, but Mr. Blake's chief support lies in moral qualities. His com- bative abilities are well known, and he has done a great deal to make St. Paul's the militant force that it is. At Synod meetings Mr. Blake's appearance is al- ways the signal for an increased interest, and, it may be, for dread on the part of those who may possibly fall foul of him. Being a Wycliffe man, and having his right-hand supporter such a pronounced churchman as bir. Blake, it can be sur- mised that Archdeacon Cody is far remov- ed from the Ritualist section of the Angli- can Church. So pronounced are hie views and so strong is the cleavage on this point that, despite his outstanding abili- tiee, it was impossible for him to be elect- ed to the position of Bishop of Toronto when the seat fell vacant about five years ago, and the present Bishop elected on that occasion owes his position to a com- promise between the contending forces. However, Archdeacon Cody needs no Bishopric to add to his laurels. He ie, perhaps, more highly regarded than he would be in the more exalted position. His Wide Activities. The Archdeacon is still a young man, scarcely more than turned forty, and can look forward in the ordinary course of events' to' many years of useful activity and many honors. He is a distinctly On- tario:.product. The village of Bmbro in North Oxford may claim him as his own. At the University of. Toronto be had a brilliant record, and for a time after gra- duation served as Classical Master at Ridley College, St. Catharines. It was while at hie work there that he gradually came to the conclusion that the field of work in which he could do the greatest good was that of the Church. His decis- ion has been amply justified. Though a Churchman, his activities are unusually widespread. He has taken the keenest in- terest in the Canadian Club movement and is in constant demand as a speaker. The trend of his mind is indicated by the sub- ject chosen for his address before the Toronto Canadian Club the other day, namely, "The Test of a True Democracy." Mr. Cody's congregation is itself extra- ordinary in representing diverse inter- ests. It contains men of prominence in every walk of life and furnishes a repre- sentative cross-section of the community. He is revered by all who come under the influence of his preaching. The secret of hie attraction probably lies in his sin- cerity and mental vigor. Cynics and un- believers cannot listen to him very long. He makes them ashamed or converts them. Taking in Leaside. The latest controversy in civic affairs has been over the question of whether the "paper" town of Leaside is to be annexed to the city or not, the question being as to whether Leaside would be taken in or whether Toronto would be "took in." Leaside is a Canadian Northern town site touching the borders of the corpora- tion of Toronto on its extreme north-east- ern limit. It consists at the moment of farm lands in their pure and undisturbed. state. The site is a vast one, containing some 1,200 acres, and the Canadian North- ern declare they propose to establish their shops there, employing perhaps thou- sands of men, and this, with their fam- ilies and the supporting population that will be required, will, it is expected, es- tablish a centre of population of perhaps 25,000 or 30,000 people, But this is all for the future. Meanwhile the first step taken by the Canadian Northern Railway was to ask the city to annex this vacant tract of land. What the interests allied with the Cana- dian Northern Railway probably had in mind was to place the 'city under the ob- ligation of furnishing civic) services such as sowers, sidewalks, streets, water, etc., to the district. This would, of course, re- lieve the present owners of the town site of a tremendous responsibility. It is stat- ed that annexation, carrying with it as it does the obligation to supply services im- mediately, adds several dollars a foot value to vacant property, and on this basis the annexation of Leaside would mean several million dollars immediate value to the property of the present own- ers, who are headed by Sir Donald Mann of the 'Canadian Northern Railway and Colonel Davidson, who has been intimate- ly associated with the Canadian Northern interests for a number of years. On the other hand, there arc, of course, undoubted advantages to the city in hav- ing Leaside annexed at once. In this way only can the city obtain control over franchises and other matters which would be quickly complicated if left to an inde- pendent corporation. An Ontario Boy Out West. Mr, Arthur Meighen, M.P., an Ontario boy who has mad4 good in the West, has been returning to his haunts of olden days in the role of a legislator and moulder of public opinion. • Twenty years ago Ar- thur Meighen was a school boy in St. Mary's, Perth county, v He is now t-ecog CURES COUGHS & COLDS •�- Loch row� . TH GLUE%'AC1' AC, JE3E ,CAi FLI L:Tel SEE ` ,LA L' ' ACK t but! Nb ' HER CC@OL R EVER USED ON \\ ,a g m id m t rt 'ME Count BLUE &JETT CO. v ,,tRE IGIL TT COMP0A.1 LIMn F� sono `t' ", NTo,o4��i nized as one of the permanent men of Western Canada, Portage La Prairie be- ing the town where as a barrister and citizen he 'made his reputation. While Mr. Meighen has been discussing the Navy with considerable effectiveness and brilli- ancy, it is doubtful if he is as happy. now that his party is in, power as •he was when in opposition. Mr. Meighen has been described as more of a destructive than a constructive debater. Besides, as a repre- sentative of the West he has pretty radi- cal views on some subjects, but as a min- isterialist he has to recognize his respon- sibilities. He may not, as he did in the olden days, 'rook the boat," He used to advocate duty free agricultural imple- ments and other advanced views, and he will no doubt be heard from again. He has been described as the Parliamentary double of Honorable G. E. Foster, with the same ready tongue, the same caustic style, the same keen relish of combat. Tight Money Continues. There is some revival of the talk of im- pending reaction in the business world, -but it is probable this very talk, continu- ing for several months, that is keeping away some reversion to duller times. Ev- erybody exercising some caution has no doubt had a decided tendency to keep the situation in hand. If nobody had been on guard there might have been a disaster before this. Financial men do not hesi- tate to say that there must be a read- justment of real estate values. This dic- tum, however, the real estate men goner - ally do not accept end can put up a strong argument on behalf of the conten- tion. The cloud on the horizon continues to be tight money. Tight money in the Au- tumn is no unusual thing, but it gener- ally eases up early in the new year. So far there has been little caning up this year. If it does not case up soon there can not help but be some retrenchment or, perhaps, more accurately, a lessening of the pato. It has frequently been remarked that in 1907 no city on the continent felt the pinch as little as Toronto, largely on account of the new riches flowing into the city from Cobalt mining camp. It is significant that now a new mining camp is just on the eve of its producing stage. One mine in Porcupine ns now producing gold at the rate of $70,000 a week, which figures out to a total of over $3,500,000 a year. There are, of course, not many mines like this. The family remedy for Coughs and Colds. Shiloh costs so little and docs so much!' HOW FAR MAN HEARS. Science Now Busy Determining Hu- man Range of Sound. In. the sense of hearing, numerous problems have interested phycholo- gists, writes Professor A. T. Boffen- ger in the Strand Magazine. Among these may be mentioned the range of sounds that can be heard by an individual—that is the limit above and below which no sound can be heard. The solution of these two prob- lems, the determination of the up- per and lower limits of sound, has occasioned a great deal of careful work and the construction of many forms of apparatus. For determin- ing the upper limit of sound for any individual—and individuals differ considerably -the Galton whistle is generally used. It -consists-of a tiny pipe, which is lengthened or short- ened by a piston adjusted by a, mi- crometer screw. This little instru- ment can be regulated to make a tone which is too high for any hu- man ear to hear, and which will finally produce only a painful sen- sation. Tho Galton whistle was devised by Francis Galton for his study of individual differences. He had one of the whistles built into the end of his cane, and as h•e walked through the Zoological Gardens he would blow it near the ears of the various . animals. He adjusted the whistle too high for his own ear to hear, and if the various animals respond- ed to the sound he knew that their upper limit was greater than that of the human ear. The ordinary human ear can de- tect a tone whose vibration is • at least twenty-five thousand vibra- tions per second, while the whistle' will produce fifty thousand per second. This upper limit varies with the age of the individual to such an extent that, if the upper limit at sixteen years of age were fifty thousand vibrations, at sixty s' years of age it would be about twenty-five thousand per second. Trust Savings Accounts BT leaving your surplus earnings with . the Savings Department of this Company, you obtain inter- est at the rate of FOUR PER CENT. per annum, compounded four times a year—and the whole or any part of it may be withdrawn by cheque. Interest being paid from date of receipt to date withdrawn. Accounts may be opened by mail. WRiTE FOR BOOKLET. 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