The Wingham Advance Times, 1924-08-14, Page 7y
aY, Anglia 14, 1924'
LICE INFESTING DOMESTIC FOWLS
Losses due to the infestations of •
the intrigue forty speciee of lice that
infest domestic fowl are in the aggre-
gate many thousands of dollers an-
• nually to the poeitey keepers of On-
tario. Small insectworlsing out of
• sight of the burnan eye, their presence
le often unsuspected until the birds
ehow •unthrifthiess, loss in weight,
lower egg production, and reduced vin
telity, causing the owner to make an
examination. If the examination is
thorough, lice are genes -ally found in
the great majority of flocks. A few
may not he sertous, but if the little
crawlers are permitted to increase to
• thoueands the effect on the poult.ry-
keeping part of the farm business is
serious. Infested birds present a
droopy and unkempt appearance, the
wings lowered, the feathers ruffted,
and the birds may suffer from
fisellarrhoeas
INFESTING CHICKENS.
Of the forty species that infest
fowl, seven have a decided preference
for and infest chickens. The body
louse, Menopoie biseriatum, is light
yellow in color and sticks pretty
close to the skin: It lays its eggs in
large clusters on the small feathers
below the vent. It takes about three
weeks nrora egg to mature louse. This
species sticking close to the skin and
feeding thereon is very irritating. The
Mcnoport pa/bid/on is similar to the
• preceding, only somewhat smaller and
has the habit of spending its life on
the feathers. It is not so irritating
and deposits its eggs singly at the
base of the feathers. The head louse,
Lipeurus heterographus, is commonly
found on the head and neck of young
Chickens. It is dark grey in color,
deposits its eggs singly on the down
about the head of the chick. It takes
about one week to reacle the hatching
stage and two weeks for the Young
louse to grow to maturity.
The large hen lots°, Qouiocatee
abdominal:ft, sometimes called thei
"blue louse," _le smoky grey in color'
and one-third larger than the preced-
ing. It sticks closely to the body,
may be found anywhere and is easily
recognized by its size and large round
head.
The wing louse, Lipeurus caponis,
is a small, long and slender species
with a large rounded head. It confines
its activities to the wing feathers.
Two other species, the "fluff louse"
and the "brown louse," are rarely
present in numbers. Both inhabit the
body feathers,
• INVESTING -TURKEYS.
TWO species are commonly found on
turkeys, the Goulodes stylifer and the
Lipeurus poktrepazive. The Gouiodes
stylifer is the most common. est se a
large louse bearing some resemblance
to the large hen louse and may be
distinguished from it by having the
posterior angles of the head extended
backward and terminating in long
bristles. •
• DUCKS AND GEESE.
Three species infest duck's and
geese to a limited extent, the oily nas
ture of the skin of waterfowl being a
good preventive against these external
parasites. The species commonly
found are Docophonts icterodes, a very
small parasite, and the Lipeums
sesta/ides, a long, slender, yellowish
colored louse.
PIGEONS,
These birds are frequently infested
with one Or all three species-- IA-
peurus bacu/ua, Gouiodes damicornis,
and Goniocotes compar.
THE NEED OF
ETERNAL VIGILANCE
9
The farmer must be ever on the
alert. He is a man of all work, a
sort of Jack of all tra.des. His busi-
ness as it must generally be conduct-
ed these modern days has various
ramifications. No longer can the min
who is inclined to rest that psart of
his anatomy which lies above his ears,
expect to farm with success. Brawn
has ceased to be the only requirement.
The man who would make the farm
a successful- concern these days
should be a first class mechanic. Few
occupations demand familiarity with
a greater variety of machinery•than
eleneedern diversified farming. More
nd more of the physical operations
of the farm are being done by ma-
• chinery, and more will be done as time
goes on. But we may go all up and
• down the long line of physical tasks
that are apparent to the casual ob-
server, from the turning of the eod
In earlye spring to the shucking of the
last ear of corn in the late fall, and
still the half has not been told.
Soils are no longer virgin, most of
them have reached the Isola where
they need intelligent care and treat-
rnent. In order to geep the soil rich
and productive we can no, longer con-
sider it merely as a "clod to tread
upon," but we must learn to -know it
as a living thing, for such it is, and
themieg with bacterial life. We must
• also grow a variety of crops, and not
one of them but has a life history of
its own which has to do with plant
food requirements, insect pests, and
diseases. These may seem trivial
things, but the success or failure of
•any plant or tree or flower is often
entirely depeedent upon a knowledge
of these things and of the methods of
their control. And when we come to
live stock there is a whole new list of
things to learn. Balanced rations,
parasites, internal and external dis-
eases and how to prevent and treat
them. •
There is a great wide range of
things that are full of absorbing in-
terest for him who aspires to do things
in the country. To know and do the
right thing at the right time and to
know how and when to prevent or re-
pair the wrong thing is the price of
success. There is no time to loaf or
sleep on -the job. It is this job that
calls insistently for eternal vigilance.
• Hard Luck.
•
Bug Loves—'Who can spoon under
a bright light like that, anyway?"
Jamaica was originally named nilaye
mace, meaning -"Land of Wood and
Water." -
.ICECREAILYWITHE-FARIVI HOME TABLE
BY BELLE MILLAR, 1)AI
On the farm we have the cream and
in messy cases the ice also. A freezer
IS an that is needed to give the boys
and girls much pleasure.
When purchasing an ice eream
freezer get one a little larger than
what is required for the family so
when company conies one freezerful
will do. Whenat freezer is purchased
that is rather on the small side, it
means extra Werk if two lots have to
beprepared and frozen.
It is -well to have two openings in
the tub of the freezer. • One near
the top to prevent the brine getting
too high. The other opening should
be near the bottom and kept plugged
until it is necessary to repack the ice-
crearnevshere the cork may be removed
and the brine run off without tipping
,s? the freezer.
--mese • Buy the very coarse salt such as ice
cream manufacturers use, as it will
give more satisfactory results.
The ice should be broken very finely.
One good way is to place it in a sack
and pound it well,
Although many cook books give the
proportion of ice to salt as 8 to 1,
experiments conducted along that line
• in food laboratories heve foxed that
8 te 1 is a godd proportion for freee-
ing.
„ o not fill -the can snore than to -
thirds full with the mixture thatsis to
be frozen, then put on the top and fill
• up the space betweeti the can and the
tub with ice and salt
,Fiest put in oiough ice to fill it up
onesthird Of the way,, then put in
one-eighth as much salt and continue
puttieg it in layer by layer but keep-
ing the same proportion of salt to ice.
It is net necessary to put salt near
the bottom as it will work its way,
dowin
Recipes are many and I think it a
good plan to make note of results.
example, if a recipe is tried and,
We think too much or too little sugar!
has been called or, merle it down so
BY DEPT., a A. COLLEGE.
thet next time the proper proportion
may be used. • If another recipe has
given pied results' and a dish much
liked by all, make a comment to that
effect on the margin of the book:
-
Sone one asks, "What is the eas-
iest ice cream to make?" It is one
made by freezing a cream that has
been sweetened and flavored..
To a quart of thin cream add three-
quarters of a cup of granulated sugar,
stir well, and when the sugar is dis-
solved, add about two teespoonsful of
vanilla extract and freeze. No 4e -
finite amounts of flavoring can be
named as there is a great difference
in the strength of different brands of
flavoriog.
It is always best td taste the mix-
ture before puttine it into the freezer
can, remembering that it will not
taste so sweet nor will the flavor he
so pronounced after it is frozen.
There is more plain` vanilla ice
cream used than any other kind, but
by making additions many fancy
dishes 'Islay be made. For example,
wheii vanilla ice cream is partly fro -
zee, the addition of strawberries that
have been crushed and.sweetened and
then the work of freezing continued,
gives a can of straeVberry ice cream
that evill be much enjoyed.
Por nut ice aeon the nuts should
be chopped and added to the freezer
when the mix me is partly froen.
• Thus we see that by varying the
flavorings the fruits and the nuts, we
can give the family Many pleasant
surprises.
Then we should bear in mind the
tact that it is not necessary to have
cream in order to have frozen treats.
We all know that fruit juices with
the eddition of water and sugar make
refreshing drinks. Sherbete are made
by • taking this same mieture and,
after addieg the beaten whites of
eggs, it is frozen, and the rcsultent
dish will be very t7elcoine on a Warm
day.
VnIsiGHAM ADVANOgsTIMEa
Hardy Alfalfa in Ontario.
A Loge slumber of teeth have beea
conducted = pest you's on the expers-
White diarrhoea is caused by a mental plots at the Ontario Agrieul-
germ known as Bacterium pullorum turni College with different varieties
found in the °Yarn of the her, and en? and strains of alfalfa. Itg
Itawasoh
tditstt.
eggs from affected heema
s. It is °la covered
ore than
tshdiseaseeeeeaeseehesa
e ieveeportions
ofthe
dying the Common alfalfa from the Central
is
y oik Western States would not live long in
that have not been 'absorbed, remain- Ontario, Variegated alfalfas, such as
ing in their jeosnes, the Grimm and the Ontario Varies
j re;
The.H.:Sit0043-1.:Scliool Lesson
1
AUGU ST 17.
Jesus Cleanses the Temple, John 2: 1342, Golden Text—
My house shall be called the house of prayer. — Matt
21:13.
ANALYSIS.
The disease develops in from three1 gated, however, proved hardy, in this T
to ten days after hatching and in Province. Those two varieties ere now sui;;, Cirir OF WOR--
THE REFORMER ,
•
some severe forms the chicks die bn. increasing substantially as the farm -
fore they are hatched. In some eases' ers appreciate their superiority over
the infection becomes manifest im- the Common, violet flowered variety.
mediately after hatching, and in such In one experiment at the College,
alfalfa has been cut for hay three
cases losses are extremely heavy.'
given off in the droppings of the years without re-seedihg.- The first
sifccessive
Germs causing white diarrhoea are; times 'a year for eleven
this year, therefore, is the
'chicks, and infection is carried from', cutting
one .bird to another. thirty-fourth erop ohtained from the
courts, and with fierce gestures of =-
Affected chicks have ruffled featlen one seeding. The • a•verage Yield of tolerance, he drove the traders from
ers, sleepy appearance and • drooping I hay per acre per annum from the the holy precincts,
la
God's house was not todbecetruiill.gh
tuned that
into
an.emporium, or market. This act of
zeal for God's house provoked the
angry remonstrance of the Jews, who be that his words here contain an al-
lusion "to the same event. But his
Words had still another meaning.
Vs. 21, 22. Jesus, says the evangel-
ist, was speaking of his own coming
death and resurrection, the destruc-
II.. CHRIST THE NEW CENTRE OF
SPIRITUAL WORSHIP, 3.8-22,
INTRODUCTION—One of the first pub-
lic acts of Jesus was to elairn the
temple for, the pure serviee of his
Father. Going up to Jerusalem at
the Passover season, he was tilled with
holy indignation at the desecrating
traffic -which went on in the Temple
wings. They have little or no appe-
tite, crowd closely together, the yolk -
sac is not properly absorbed, and
eleven years of this test was slightly
over, four tons.
n another experiment of thirty -
there is a brownish white or whitish four plots seeded in the spring of
discharge or diarrhoee, which is very 1922, the highest yield of ,hey from
the first euttine of this year was of
sticky and gives the chickens a pasted -
the Variegated. type.
up -appearance. Birds sit or stand
about, -usually have very proneinent The Common aeetea has variegated
abdomensand most of the time make flowers of different densities and the
;
Variegated alfalfa has violet, green,
a peeping noise. Frequently this dis-
easei s more prevalent in the later
hatches than in the winter or early
spring hatches.
Sour Milk has proved very effective
for baby chicks, not only because of
its food 'value, but because it is a
preventive a this disease. If in -5-..ddi-
tion to sour milk, potassium perman-
ganate is used in the drinking water
from the time the chicks are hatched
until past the time for the disease to
make its, appearance, most of the
chicks will be saved.
Baby chicks coming from a hatch
that has been affected, should be
promptly marked and should not be
used in the breeding pens.
When chicks are hatched, they here
portions of the yolk which must be
absorbed. For this reason they should
at their administration, demand an
explanation. What credentials has
Jesus- for acting in this manner?
Jesus' answer is, "Deetroy this tem-
ple, and in three days (that is, in a
very short time) I will raise it up."
The enigrnatie word myetSfied the
Jews, who remind Jesus that the pres-
ent tensple had already been forty-six
years in course of reconstruction. Be-
gun by Herod in the year B.C. 21-29,
the restoration -works were still con-
tinuing in A.D. 26, 27, and, as a mat-
ter of fact,were not completed until
A.D. 64, six ...yeae,s before the final
overthrow of the eity by the Remans.
We knots from other sources (Mark
13;1 2) that Jesus predicted the final
destruction of the temple, and it may
asked Jesus what "sign" of authority
he could point to for taking upon him
the reformation of the customary
usages, Jesue answered, "Destroy
this temple, and in three .days I will
raise it up." The evangelist says that
these words of Christ referred to his tion and restoration of "the temple of
his body." This was not Undentood
blue and yellow of various blends resurrection, that sin fact the reeler- at the time, but hi later years the
which can be seen when the blossoms rection proved the validity of Christ's
tutions of worship
. . disciples," and became a new reason
words came hack to the minds of the
are fully opened. claim to assume control, of the insti-
quality of Variegated alfalfa have !
Temple but Christ himself, would be , •
name of 1 wfoorrdbeorfievjionsgu:the scripture and the
Several car loads of seed of high in the
God. In future not the material e
,
Peel county alone. Also ill a number T ..,. I ,of the temple. H. e wished 1,t t° be ,a
, .,... CHRIST THE REFORMER OF WORSHIP, house of prayer for the people of urea.
of other counties seed of the Varie- 13-17, •
duced. V. 13. The Passover began in each stroyecl, even if the temple service
1He knew also that, even if it were de -
gated type of alfalfa is -being pro -
year on the fourteenth da.y of the' ceased, the holy. work of God would
• e centre of worship, the means and We see by this les,son, that Jesus
been produced and sold for seed pur- ee
the sphere of man's approach to God. of
and valued the religious service
poses in each of the past two years us
—____,.. •month Nisei', the day preceding our go on, a new temple would be raised.
-When the Drain Clogs. Good Friday, and lasted for over ato God's praise. The proof of this is
The other day the kitchen sink drain week. Jerusalem at Passover wastthe origin and history of the Christian
clogged, and riot having the usual type that
thronged with pilgrims. • church. Sometimes we forget
of force pump on hand, it was neces- Vs. 14-17. The outer courts of the prayer is the principal thing in the
Temple were the scene of a busy traf- I life and work of the cherch of God.
sarY to irnProvineione fo'r the purpose, fie, arising from the circumstance that , In Jerusalem at the present day, some
or else put a slop pail underneath.
We didn't have to use the pail. • egrims , found it inconvenient to of the, Christian churches, represent-
ing tlie Roman, Orthodox Greek, Ar -
1 cut a block Of Wood about four
not be fed sooner thin forty-eight inches in diameter and a good mch
ring their own animals for sacrifice,
and Were, therefore, obliged to pur-
cha.se them from the dealers on the
hours, and in many cages not until and a half thick, heeing one hole elear snot. Another circumstance in favor
menials and other creeds, are disgrac-
ed by the sale of relics and other sup -
sixty hours after hatching.If f e eee through the centre and another halflof the local dealers was that the ani- between the different denominations
erstitious objects.' Hatred and strife
soon after hatching the yolk is not .
e 1 '
mais offered on the altar had to be too often finds a place. This would
tCohroTiot's f 0 hr oltyh e apcut reinhwocrisahinpi nogf otuhre
Father who is in heaven.
APPLICATION.
absorbed rapidly, and this brings
about digestive troubles, , ofterfes pre-
disposing the chicks to white diarr-
hoea. '
Above all, take the proper precau-
tions right at the start to prevent the
disease, which is responsible for one
of the biggest losses in the poultry
business. •potassium permanganate
costs little and is easy to else in the
drinking water. The poultry raiser
who fails to take these simple precau-
tions surely does not valuesthe benefit
of preventive measures which are at
least 90 per cent. effective.
• One should be very careful in feed-
ing remedies to baby chicks, since
caustic and irritating drugs may do
more harm than s good. Potassium
permanganate is an internal anti-
septic and a tonic which will tone up
the general health of the chicks so
that they will be able to fight off the
germs.
Egg -Laying Contest Results.
Six thousand, six hundred and
eighty hens competed in the Egg -
laying Contests conducted by the Do-
minion Experimental Farms in the
first three years of operation. These
contests include the Canadian Contest
for the whole of Canada, carried on
at Ottawa, and provincial contests
conducted at an Experimental Farm
or Station in each of the provinces.
The number of --birds entered as
well as the average yield per hen, in-
creased vvith each succeeding contest.
The first year 1,610 birde gave an
ro g arge enoug • o ig y
over the end of a small bicycle pump. passed by the priests as satisfying
A tire -pimp barrel would do just the standard of perfection required
as by the Law; consequently it was con -
well, providing the plunger leathers venient to buy only such as had al -
are tight. By making the hole slight- ready been licensed for the purpose.
ly smaller, the threads on the end of A third circumstance explaining the
the pump barrel cut into the wood, extensive traffic. was that the temple- .
A large circle a rubber' wsis then Jew was eblige'il t° Is a living issue to -day. The motor
' Sunday picnic is a poor substitute for
car has changed family habits. The
forming a tight connection. due of a half -shekel, which every male
P pay annually, .
could only be aid in temple -currency. •
cut from an old inner tube and the •• - the family pew. And now vee have
edges tacked about the sid '
not be so if Christians all remembered
Public Assembly, The need of this
Ordinary money had to be changed
woad disk. A. hole -was cut in the into temple -currency by 'exchangers
or bankers, who made a considerable' many,. but to others a poor eateuse for
the radio, a been and a blessing to
es ,of the
I absence from everumg worslup. Jesus
bottom. The sink was- filled half full revenue by brokerage. All this ac -
went to church. And he observed the
helpful customs of the religion of his
day by visiting the distant temple at
the appointed times. Amid these as-
sociations he found much- a- interest,
of benefit and of happiness. And, best
of all, he found opportunity to reach
great numbers from all parts of the
world, with his teaching. The public
market, the auction sale,. the annual
fair, the race track, the patriotic cele-
bration, any place oe time where
great crowds gather, is a challenging
opportunity to Christian workers, to
meet and mingle with people, and to
seek and to find ways and means of
honoring him who said, "Ye are my
witnesses."
of water, the. lower end of the pump counts for the scenes which Jesus ,wit -
immersed and the handle raised. This nessed the temple courts, the jostl-
filled the barrel. with water. Then t f tra ers and animals, the un -
rubber was -pressed about the drain Seemly chaffering,the iniquitous over-
charging, the undisguised worldliness.
and the handle forced down. Water
isn't compressible and theeelog The soul of Jesus was filled with sor-
was row at the desecration of God's hely
net very tight. It ..qame out the 'first temple, and, making a whip of cords,
attempt. Now we keep this pump on
hand for further cases of this kind.
—D. R. V. „
4.4
Ban& Check Tussock Moths.
The tussock moth is a midsummer
pest of shade trees and orchard's and
should always be watched for. Some
seasons it appears in much lat:ger
than aormal numbers and if neglected
may do great injury. The female
moth is unable to fly and must crawl
to any tree upon which she lays her
eggs.
After the eggs hatch, the young
catespillars may crawl from tree to
tree and infest a large area. These
facts are taken advantage of in fight-
ing the insect.
Trees that are free from the co-
coons of the moth may be kept clean
be -banding: the trunks 'with' sonee
and raising his arm, he forthwith
cleared --the court. "Make not my
Father's house," •he said, "an house
of .merchandise.
11. oesiess'e THE NEW CENTRE OF SPIRIT-
UAL woasme 18-22.
Vs. 18-22. The traders were taken
by surprise, but presently the Jews,
annoyed by the open rebuke levelled
TRAINING OUR CHILDREN
How o Keep Children Happy and Contented During Hot
Weather.
BY ETI:IEL CL ARK BICKEI.J.
"Oh, look, dear, see that lovely baby
oriole!" exclaimed Betty's aunt.
"''Scuse me, Aunty, but it isn't an
oriole, it's a redstart," returned Betty
average of 112.6; the second year 2,- sticky material that will prevent Bafettetry wausti,oarntetnhtaatrytimgelri ocuelyulwel:irflde
480 yielded an average of 134.5; and either ,the adult moths or theCater- over ld
for the third year,- namely, 1921-22, pillars fro= reaching the branches.
2,590 birds yielded en average ofl Sticky fly Paper may be tied aound I have repeated my little girl's re -
146.8 eggs per bird. The average cost; the trunk or a band of a; special pre-
mark merely to illustrate what .1 have
mately 25 cents per aozen for the t
of the eggs produced was approxi- paration may be smeared directly on tried to do for my little folks during
three years. trunks. the summer months, namely, to teach
there to know and love God's wonder -
These contests are associated with A Rainy -Day Job. ful out-of-doors.
the Record of Performance for spoul- Nature study with one's children is
try, -svisic
A good 'rainy -day job for these days
ounces to the dozen. Males are also thoroughly; en all the
become Moldge sweep the m t
windows and
the moat delightful and helpful of
pastimes In order to get
, h grants registration to birds is to clean up the apple -storage house.
that lay, in 12 months, 200 or more t tie that mightsummer .
eggs weighing at least twenty-four Tb
ma e up some good' the most joy out of it, one shiould go
room ou
females and otherwise meet official ier a thorough dose of that. ings a week are none too many. How -
eligible for registration if they are air it well. Then k
requirements. According to the re- don't .1 ever, one can study birds n one's
And in this general lown yard, if necessary. In our yard,
as Bulletin No. 38 of the Dept. of is using new berrels or new boxes with its ninny trees, we frequently
for the purpose everything il
w I be all , * •
have as many as six or seven varieties
port on the contests, which is issued overlook the storage paCkages, If one
of the hens taking part qualified for which the children keep surmised with
of birds nesting in a single season.
We have a feeding table for them,
Agriculture at Ottawa, 23 per cent.
registration in. 1920; 26.4 per cent. in
1921, 40.8 in 1922. In the latter year,
402 birds qualified, and, of thie num-
ber, 269 are reported to have been
right I3ut 'very frequently one uses
secondhand packages for the storage.
The seerst ones should be disearded
and the balance should be thoroughly
cleansed and aired so that there may
registered by their owners. Nine not be the slightest odor to them.
breeds were represented, the leaders Few people realize how quiekly an
being Barred Rocks, Single Comb apple will absorb odors from the con -
Leghorn, White Wyandottesn and tainer in which it is stored, or from
Single Coin's Anconas.
Driving Comfort.
Driving a heavily laden farm truck
on a summerai
day issually a pretty
hot job, which sometimes beeornes al-
most unbearable when standing still.
As much of this excessive heat comes
from the exhaust pipe, quite a bit of
the diseomfort Can be overcome by
eoVertng with asbestos the exhaust
ipipe where it rune in front of and
'underneath the driver's seat. The
asbestos is wrapped on and then
clamped or strapped with thin metal
strips or with wire. When cool days
come the covering can be removed
if de.sieed,
‘11.1
11 tOrl dO WS soot fee one year could
be colleeted int pile, it Wotild eotter
Westminster Abbey.'
'the air of the room, Mustiness or bad
odoes of any kind will very soon cause
an apple to become unpalatable,
etZgre
Wise Worm.
Cheek—"Don't yen went to Play with
Me, Mr. Worm'?" .
Werie—"No, I'm afraid 'it Might be
foil play!"
crumbs suet, corn and other bird
delicacies. There is also a drinking
pedestal. The cardinals, bluebird,
orioles, • phoebes, woodpeckers, cat-
birds, thrushes and chipping spar-
rows visit this bathtub ',daily, arid the
childree never tire of watching them.
•
Occasionally an unknown vsiltot
rives. Then for -the bird guide! "Oh,
MothsI've found out what it is!
See here, the picture of it is on page
, . . 17 Betty will exclaim delight-
edly. Sometimes a flock of cedar
waxwings stop with us for a day,
meanwhile helping themselves to our
neighbor's Cherries. Once, early in
the summer, an orchard week hap-
pened our way, and another time a
flock of goldfinches, tah event was
hailed 'with delight by the ehildren.
Wild flower study, necessarily,
naust be conducted le the wood e or
fields or along the country roads. Pre.,
quently, when the father of our ften-
ily has finished the day's work, we all
pile into the Car, astd, with a simple
hitch, speed away from town, The
ehildren are never happier than When
some flowers new to them, is discover,.
ed, and Inast be hutted up in the
flower guide. They also love to keep
track of the birds they see on each
trip, and are fairly • ecstatic if they
are treated to a song by an indigo
bunting Or brown thrasher. They vie
with each other in the length of their
lists of quails, bobielinke, and scarlet
tanagers, as well as numerous other
birds they never seen in town.
The Summer months go all too fast
for the family interested in- nature
study. Needless to esay, however, it
may be continued throughout the year.
For the wee ones, "The Burgess Bird
Book for Children," published by Lit-
tle, Brown & Co., is a delight. Betty
kves the stories which Jenny Wren
told to Peter Rabbit, better even than
fairy tales.
In order to make rny childree com-
fortable in hot weather, I dress them
simply, bathe them frequently and en-
courage them to nap during the hot-
test part of the day, allowing them to
remain up later in the evening when
it is cool. Proper clothing in summer
makes a world of difference in chil-
dren's dispositions. I find that my lit-
tle folks are happiest when clothed in
"coveralls," boys and girls alike. Ar-
rayed in these simple garnients, they
cart get the most out of their life in
the open. I sometimes thirik that they
do three-fourths of their growing dur-
ing the summer.
An Engine's Firing Order.
At times we need to know without
delay a quick and eaey method of
finding the firing order of a gas
engine.
There are several ways of doing it.
One is to take off the valve eover
plates and ascertairt which are ;the
intake and which the exhaust valve.
Then Watch the intake valves, and
while Aging so have someone turn the
engine over slowly by hand. Now ob-
serve in what order the intake valves
rise. This will be the Being order of
the ertginar
Or if the engine is equipped with
pethoeks, open there and pack a small
Wad of paper in each, Then turn the
engine o'er by hand and the order
in Whieh the coinpreesicei blovee the
Weds it is the engine's finieg eadetei
CONTROL OF
POULTRY LICE
)3y L. SI"EVENSON,
Insrle OF EXTENSION, ogt..e.
In the control of poultry lice on.
eetnedY hee come very much to the
front during the past seven years. It
is ;sodium flouride, a cleimical that is
easy te obtain, easy to apply, effective
and safe in its application. Sodium
flouride may be obtained in fine white
powder form or as fine crystals. The
powder form, if guaranteed 90 to P8
per cent. pure, is the most desirable
form to apply as a dust. Sodium flour-
ide retains itS efficiency and may be
kept if need be in closed tighe bottles
or cans and used when wanted. One
application, if thorough, will destroy
all lice on the birds and xemain effec-
tive long enough to get many of the
parasites that hatch later, There are
three methods of application in com-
mon use; all are effective, but the
"pinch method" is the most commonly
practiced in small flocks. It consists
of the application of the sodium flour-
ide powder directly to the skin and
feathers of the bird, the operator tak-
ing up what he can hold between the
thumb and forefinger and applying
on breast,-• each thigh, each side of
back, on the neck, head, underside of
each wing, and below the cent. It
takes ten pinches of the chemical to
cover the bird by this method and
skilled operators can handle sixty
birds an hour. •
The dusting method of applying
sodium flouride is by mixing withsa
filler material, as flour, or talc, or
plaster, to make four times the bulk
of the insecticide, and then apply by
shaker or blower' duster to the ruf-•
fled feathers of the bird. Greater
speed in treating the birds is secured
at a greater expenditure of chrnical.
The dipping xnethod of applying
sodium flotiride can be practiced dur-
ing the summer and early autumn
season when there is ample warmth
and sunlight to dry wet birds. The
bath is prepared in a wooden tub and
consists of one ounce of commercial
sodium flouride to a gallon of warm
water. Sufficient quantity should be
mixed to handle the work at hand.
Five gallons Of the solution will do
for 100 birds. The birds to be treat-
ed are placed in the dip for twenty
seconds and just before removal the
head is soused and the bird taken out
and allowed to drain. The dip should
be body heat for fowl, about 1,70 deg.,
and the work done on a quiet, bright
day, when it is warm enough to dry
the birds quickly.
There are a number of other meth-
ods that have proved to be highly effi-
cient, among which the carbolic acid,
gasoline and plaster of Paris mixture
is coming into general use. This dust-
ing- powder is prepared by mixing 3
parts gasoline, one part carbolic acid
(90 per cent. pure), and stirring in
enough plaster of Paris to take up
all moisture. It is applied as a dust-
ing powder with a shaker or by hand.
A medicated dust wallow beneath
the shade in the poultry yard or
within the shelter of the building is a
great aid in keeping the louse popu-
lation down. A box partly filled with
fine road dust to which tobacco dust
has been added at the rate of one to
six is very useful and relieves the
old hen of many an itch.
•
Green Feed in Late SUITIneer.
Although green or succulent feed is
always to be desired in any poultry
ration, there seems to be some justifi-
cation for payingeparticular attention'
to this matter during late summer,
when much of the natural vegetation
is so dry and- tough as to render it
unp
One of the reasons why green feed
is so essential is to be found in the
fact that. most sorts contain vitamin
B, which is necessary to normal health
and activity. A deficiency of this
vitamin brings about a condition
known as polyneurItts.
It is pointed out that polyneuritis
may develop in a mature cockerel in
as short a time as three weeks if he
is fed exclusively on degerminated
corn. The corn germ is relatively
rich in the B vitaniin, as are also the
germs of other cereals, such as wheat,
oats and barley.
When green feed is short on the
range, so that the chickens are not
• likely to eat enough to maintain the
necessary vitamin supply, it is im-
portant that the grain and mash mix-
tures be made up of something other
than degerminated graies and by-
products, or that a special supply of
green feed be secured.
She,.
She is; the canny one who sings •
01 little things.,
Of little things,
Of liten counted carefully,
Lettere dispatched deliberately,
Slow figures added manfully;
The stitch it thne en a torn glove,
Wood piled upon a tended stove,
Books rend with eyes that do- not tove.
So may she reach the end of day
With no more baggage, let us say,
Titan berries gathered by ths3 way.
Mary Cass Canfield.
Originally golf bane were quite
smooth. They easily beeenie dented,
however, and it Was notieed that dente
ed golf 'balls travelled terther than
esnooth °lies. The preset type Was
thee inteodue.ed,