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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance Times, 1930-01-02, Page 5'se RIF Thursda)(p•slarneary 2nd, 1930 erre,. WINGHAM ADVANCE -T IVIES isommismommisommimennommosmoiessai Sale of Fur Coats Clearing all Women's Fur Coats at a Discount of 20 °/0 'Off Regular Prices • Best models in Rat Coats, Kalg-an Coon Coats, •Seal Coats, Beaverine and Korean Mink. ALL COATS ARE GUARANTEED Women's, Misses' and Children's ClOth Coats, plain or Fur trimmed, to clear at 20 per cent dis- count. H. E. ISARD & CO. anammovostolow BLUEVALE Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Messer of Toronto spent Christmas at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John F. Messer. Misses Viola and Ethel Xathers spent Christmas at their home here. Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Fell spent the Christmas holidays with Mr. and Mrs. John Fell. • The many friends of John Fell will be sorry to hear he is sick. again and confined to his bed. Miss Grace Coultess of Listowel spent a few days with Mrs, G. Snell. Miss Ethel Johnston of Schudders, Pelee Island, is spending the Christ- mas holidays with her. parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ed. Johnston. Mr, and Mrs: W. J. Masters and Mr. and Mrs. Goedon Hall spent the Christmas holiday at the home of Mr. John Hall'. ' Mrs. H. Berry, of Brucefield, is epending a few days with her mother, Mrs. John Smith. We are pleased td hear Mrs. Smith is improving af- ter her recent illness. Mr. and Mrs.' Wm. Orr spent Christmas with Mr. and Mrs. J. Case - more in Morris. ' Mr. and Mrs. Robt. MusgroVe; Mr. and Mrs. L. W, Ruttan spent Christ- mas at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Milton Smith. at Browntown. Mr. and Mrs. R. Aitcheson spent Christmas with friends at Belgrave. Mr. and Mrs. Frank Stamper spent Christmas at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Souch, 3rd line Morris. Mr ,and Mrs. Harold Procter, of Belgrave, spent Christmas with Mr, and Mrs. Jos. Curtiss. Mr. and Mrs, Joseph Smith spent Christmas at the home of Mr. and Mrs. fames Kerney, jack Thrum of Tbronto was home for a few days this week. Miss Reta 'rurvey of Tozonto spent the Christmas holidays 'with her mo- iler and sister here, Bert Hetherington, of Toronto, pent the holidays with his parents here. ' Mr. and Mrs. 54p1in Anger and fam- ily of SouthaTpton,, spent a few days with Mr, and Mrs. Alex McGee. Mr, and Mrs. L t1liott arid family' of Naive! Statiou speet Christina,s , with frieads here and at Wingliant Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Falcoricr and son spent Christmas with Mr. and Mrsi Jos. Churchill. Miss Mabel Johnston ot Mount Forest is home for the Christmas holiday. • This district has had real whiter and rots of snow the past week, al- though the roads are tot, blocked, trains have been running a few home • late oWing fd heavy sndar AO heavy Christinas treed. el,' , Gordan Mundell and Geo,Veacock who • have beet attending kiXi Stratford,. are home for the holidays., Owing to the. heavy 'snow storm the Chriitinas Tree entertainment at Browntown was postponed from Fri- day to .Monday night. ' Mres aja ,Cpatelle. of 16ntrea1, is, spending the Christmas holidays with relatives here. • Quite a few People are suffering from bad ,colds, also a few cases of whooping s cough are reported. Miss -MacLeod is spendiag the holi- days atelier home at Riple'Y. The annual school meeting as held in the school ore Thursday at It) a.m. The Same trustees will have charge for the coming year.. Kenneth and Miss Doris Aitchison are spending a few days with their grandparents, Mr. and. Mrs. James Aitchison, at Port Colborne. Mr. F. Black received a carload of bran and flour this week. • Mr. F. Black shipped one car hogs and thsee cars of cattle to Toronto on Saturday and spent the week -end in th. city. Mr; Thos. Hemphill of Wroxeter unloaded tWO cars of peas here this week, • Mr.; Fred Skiing has taken charge of thi blacksmith shop which he pur- chased.from Mr. Frank Scott, and is now read y to ...do: altde.indi of general blacksmithing and_herseshoeing. Mi. Scotts has been in the shop for the past 59 years, which is a wonderfal record and still enjoys very good health, and is quite smart 'for a man of his ,age"his many •friends join in wishiu hhu many more years of health. • • Miss Muriel Thornton of Toronto is spending the Christmas holidays with het, parents, Mr. and Mrs. deo. Oi Thornton. The annual meeting of the W.M. S. of the Bluevale United Church, was held in the schoolrobrn on Dec- ember lithe with the president, Mrs. E. Johnston, in the chair, The meet- ing aliened by singing hymn 225, af- ter ekthich • all repeated the Lord's Pray.er. ,Mihates were read and a- dopted, and the Treasurer gave her report. The Rev, Ma Mann took the chair for the election of officers, the result of mthich is as followpres,, Mrs; E. Johnston; • Vice-pres.y • Mrs. C. Hetherington; rec. eec,. Mrs. G. 0. Thornton; treas., Mrs, 5, 'Masters, cote sec„ Mrs, G. Gannett, press sec., Mre. J. Curtis, Organist, Miss Beat- rice Thorntorceseitt, organist, Mts, W. Stewart, Christian Stewardship sec., Mrs. G. Miseion Band Supt., Mrs, [.H. Bosnian, Mite Box sea, Mrs. 3 3reeketir1dge; Mission- ary Monthly see., Miss M. Collie; As- sociat\.e Helpers', s Mr. M. Smith, Rev, A, 11/fann cleeed he i.fliecting with prayer. ki00' MANCHURIA, Has an L'uormona wealth a Natmlo Juce0.14,ree8. The. Chinese Eastern Railroad Ila IVIanchuria is the ler which can make available an enormous wealth of'. nat- ural resources at present hacked hP beneath the soil and in.4.he forests of 1VIanehitria. Iron and gold 3".re said to be present bi large quantities al hough at pres- ent these resources remain pre.etleal- lY untouched. There are two iron mines in Southern ilifianchuria, one operated by the South 'Manchuria Railroad. In the northern region there are none. Gold is washed on the tributaries Of the Amur river up near the boundary a Russia, but the gold washers take only the most ac- cessible metal and then go elsewhere to do the same. There are as yet no mines of ane- importance in the whole northern region which is reached by the Chinese Eaetern Railroad, Manchuria is rich in coal. In the northern section Peventy mines are in operation, but only four of these are modern qxtines. The majority are very Primitive workings With an annual output of only a few hundred tons, The four principal mines are operated by Russian, Japanese, and Brialsb capital, says a Science Service bulle- tin. In Southern Manchuria, the prin- cipal coal mines are operated by the South Manchuria Railroad and has an output of 4,900,000 tons a year. Three other mines ' in this district have annual outpuis of over a hun- dred thousand tons. The rest •are all small workings that barely scratch the surface. Another valuable natural resource of Manchuria is the large stand of timber. Northern Manchuria contains the great forests which were former- ly reserved as hunting grounds for the Manchu princes. The largest for- ests are those along the Great Rhin - Mountains in the northwestern part of the country. The Chinese Eastern Raileray cuts right through these mountains. WORLD'S STRANGEST BABY. Mongolian Boy Created "Great DB - mortal White Lama." The anost remarkable child in the world to -day is probably • the two- year-old Mongolian boy who has been created the "Great Immortal White Lama," the spiritual head of millione of Asiatics, and in whom part of the soul of the god Buddha is 'supposed to reside, says a writer in the Sun- day. Chronicle. An amazing story lies behind his elevation to the position of "living Buddha." When the former holy Lama of Tibet died the priests believed, according to custom, that the • spirit of the god living within him had been reincarnated in the soul of a baby born the same day. Search was at once started throughout Mongolia and Tibet for a child born with the marks upon its body which the priests held to be proof that it had been chosen by Buddha. For months the quest went on until the preseet infant Lama was discovered. From now Wattle day of his death he will be treated exactly as a god would be. No woman is allowed to attend him; everything concerning him is directed and or- ganized by the Grand Abbot. All day a watch over him is kept by priests, who believe that at any moment the living Buddha may manifest through his lips. Every item of baby prattle is carefully taken down by scribes and analyzed by the priests in the hope that it will reveal some hidden message from the god. His rattles are ornamented with skulls and bones In order to scare away evil spirits. Another toy is a huge drum made of human Maine. • "The Great Immortal White Lama" of Mongolia is comparable to the Da- lai Lama, the most important living Buddha on earth. ke KNOWS HIS JOB. Became Triad Conductor and Motor- ist In Order to Qualify. Berlin's new special court to deal with offences against the traffic regu- lations is presided over by a judge who took jobs as a tram conductor and a motor -driver to qualify. Dr. Fritz Kronheim is the judge, and the court deals with all infractions of the traffic regulations, and not merely raotoring offences. After a couese at a training school, Dr. Kronheisn was granLed a con- ductor's license and a motor -driver's license by the municipality, and worked at both occupations before inaugurating the new court, He is said to be the only judge in the world so gettliiied. The appointment will probably put asseand in Berlin to mo- 'torists' complaints of judicial ignor- ance of motoring conditions, and .to those of conductors and naotor-driv- ers that judges know tothing of their work. Clever awl Dangerous. The centipede abroad in Eastern lands is a formidable, and often pols- ouous, insect, but its wisdom might well instruct human beluga of every age and clime. Afraid of the :taran- tula (a speciee of great spider), the centipede always takes care to build a cactus fence round itself ere it goes to sleep. It is most enterteining to watch the security of the eautipedes as they lie at ease, rhile their arch- enerniee cannot crawl over the cactus, Whieli they will never tackle., Healthier Motoring. To reduce the amount of carbon ratinOxide breathed in towns, motor - oar exhausts should be en top of cars instead of near the ground, Sa,ys a doetor. If this gas were exPelled above the heads ot pedestrians it would eon - thine to rise and eseutse little trouble, because it, Is slightly lighter titan air. Wino 1,000 Years PhL The oldest wine in the world is op exhibitioa at teiiisyer, Germany. It Is nortian Wine, reeently dag tip, and is estimated to be 1,600 years old. It is solidified. for Roe:mils pUt houey ia their Wines BECOMES PRESIDENT OF FIRESTONE COMPANY Announcement has recently been made that E. W. BeSaw (at right) formerly Vice -President and General Manager of the Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. of Canada, Limited has been 'promoted to President. Mr. BeSaw started with the company in • 1909 as a salesman and has had a most brilliant career. Harvey S. Firestone (at left) rubber pioneer and one .of the world's outstanding figures in commerce and industry has been made • .Chairman of the Board, Nearl• y. 20 years ago a young fellow by the name of Earl W. BeSawwalk- ed into the office of Harvey S. Fire- stone and asked for a job. "T want a job selling tires with your concern," he told the now fam- ous rubber pioneer. • "Why?" he was • asked. "Because I believe in you, Me. Firestone, and my judgment leads me also to believe that there will be real opportunities for growth and. development in the Tire Industry." Harvey 5. Firestone was just really getting his own foothold then—he was rnaking the first steps which would later make him one of the most famous men in commerce and indus- try. BeSaw got the job, For 20 years he has been an infatigable worker,. This week- Mr. BeSaw attended the annual stockholders' meeting of the Firestone Tire & Rnbber Company, Ae the dose of the Directors' Meet- ing which was held immediately af- terwards, Mr. Firestone greeted him with the following words, "Well, Mr. BeSaw, you've been made President of the Canadian Company." • The story of Earl W. BeSaw is the story of a boy with only a high school education and whose parents were in very modest circumstances and, there- fore, not in a position to give him a college education, but Earl studied nights and holidays white selling tires in the great undeveloped 'Western States, in a way that pleased his sup- eriors and he became branch manag- er of the Des Moines branch of Fire- stone. J -lis raise was rapid, and in 1914 he was promoted to the post of West- ern District Manager. His appoint- ment as Western Sales Manager and Assistant General Sales Manager fol- lowed, and in 1919 'BeSaw was named General Sales Manager, He next oc- cupied the position of Vice -President of the former Oldfield. Company—a subsidiary of Firestone. in 1920 Harvey Firestone decided to expand in Canada. He foresaw great possibilities in the Canadian ter- ritory and made BeSaw Vice -Presi- dent and General Manager of the Canadian Company. BeSaw took his new position in December 1922 at Hamilton and supervised the produc- tion of approximately 100 tires a.nd 200 tubes a day. Canada grew, Be - Saw grew, and the plant's production was turned into 6000 tires and '6000 tubes a day. Expansion in 1927 doub- led the plant and the Firestone Com- pany in Canada is now one of the leading industries in the Dominion. In expressing his keen appreciation of his appointment as President of the Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., of Canada, Ltd., Mr. BeSaw stated, Canada's future is unquestioned. Her national resources are only beginning to be developed a.nd her export trade is expanding rapidly. Our Canadian organization is complete from Coast to Coast and we enter the year 1930 with a most modern factory, a loyal staff of workers, a sales force, train- ed in today's merchandising methods, and notwithstanding Firestone's rap- id growth in Canada during the past six years, we look for even greater developments in the future." BLUEVALE Mrs. J. McKee and children, Nor- ma and Jackie; of Montreal, Spent christinas with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. JOS. Mrs: Frank G. Fair of Ancasteil spent Christmas at the home of her uncle, Geo. O. Thornton. The regular meeting of the Wo- men's Institute will be held on Thurs- day afternoon, January 9th, at the home of. Mrs. Chas. H. 'Garniss. Paper "Canada. in the Making," will be given by ,Mrs, Alice, Aitken and 'a discussion "Can we start a History of our 'alum:unity"; led ;by Mrs. R. Oke. Roll Call—Relics of Pioneer Days. The February Meeting is to be an open meeting and it ;is request- ed that as mar& menabers as possible bepresent to make arrangements for the meeting. Ladies are always wel- come. News and Information \ For the,Busv Farmer ' • ' ' A Unique Honor Dr. Robert 'Harcourt, Professor of Chemistry at 0.A.C., in recognition of his services to agriculture, has been honored by the French Govern- ment with the Cross of the Knight- hood of Agricultural Merit. The dis- tinction comes as the result of the visit to the college last summer of a party of agricultural students and faculty from Grignon, Prance, Winter ConelitiOns According to current reports • of agricultural representatives winter conditions have prevailed throughout Ontaiie during December. The wea- ther has been satisfactory except that the water supply is low. Poultry prices have proved clisapPoniting gen- erally, at the height of the marketing Season, Many sideroads irt all parts of tlx provinte have been impassable for motor traffic. Sunahine for Poultry • Hens need sunshine in their i,otx1. try ration especially during the win- ter months; when the sun shites but little. Sunshine in the feed is as im- portant 33s aUy one of the other in- gredients in a poultry ration. Egg Produetion, hearth, • (plenty of shell; netritiVe 'value, of eggs end hatehabil- , • iity are dependent upon it. Cod liver meal is the best substitute for the !direct rays of the sun. Both are quite rich in the sunlight factor and available at a reasonable price. Cod • liver meal also supplies liver tissue that helps to build up the blood. The • better poultry mashes which you buy already mixed either have cod liver oil or cod liver meal as one of the ingredients, so you can buy them se- cure in the knowledge that your flock will get all the sunshine they need in their feed. Clipping the cows' thighs and flanks is a big factor in the produc- tion of clean milk. The cleaner the cows are kept the less dust -and dirt is likely to get into the milk when being drawn... A good half-day may well be de- voted at this time to arranging im- plements and tools properly in the iinplement shed. Clutivating and seeding implements should be left at the fronts' as they will be the ones first required in the spring. The British Market A housewife in England out buy- ing a little bacon for tomorrow's breakfast or an apple or two for the children's lunch, seems a far cry from an orchard or farmyard in Ontario. Yet it ig that housewife and, the mil- lions more like her in Great Britain who determine, to a large extent, the price our farmers receive for their products. In 1928 Canada exported agricultural products to the valueaf $815,000,000, and of this total about $400,000,000 worth went to the Unit - 'ed Kingdom, Brit the competition is keen and the British consumer de- mands certain brands of food. Can - dui producers, therefor, must make every' effort to satisfy this market, upon which they depeni so largely. Feeding Scratch Grains The amorint of ecratch grains to feed layers varies with the different Seasons. In winter when nights are long and gold, hoes need mare of the heat - forming, energy - producing scratch grains than in summer. For the next three months about one quart of scratch grains to 2 hens or 14 pounds to 100 hens shot d bc fed, 'his should be supplied an hour be - „iL fore the birds go to roost so they will have time to clean it up before dark. Do riot' feed any.'"g'rain in the 3r3orning as the hens are apt to fill .up o it and then will wait for it to digest ,before 'eating any, mash and obtaining the egg -building materials. A hig-h grade rnash should be kept before the liens all the time. The more they eat, the More egg's it or- dinarily means. Grit and shell should be hopper fed and drinking water al- ways av3tilable. Supply green feed when you can, The Seed 'Market 'The alsike and red clover seed mar- ket continues draggy and with very little moving at present from produc- tion districts. • The export demand is reported unusually low and uncertain owing to a large visilele supply of American and European production, Relatively low prices are being offer- ed to growers and there is a tentlen- ey for them to hold theirseed. The report from Toronto early this month was that about 25 to 40 per cent, of the 1929 crop of alsike and about 50 per cent, of the red clover was still in the growers' bands. The demand for alfalfa- seed is good owing to the short crop of hardy strains this year. Prices offered Ontario growers for good quality seed range from 30c to 40c a pound. Timothy seed is also in fair demand and at slightly higher prices than last year. Crop Report For Year The final crop bulletin for the year, just issued, comprises an interesting and informative review of agricultur- al production during the past year, According to this review, fall wheat was better both in quality and quan- tity than anticipated. The average over the whole province was about 4.0 bushels to the acre. The increas- ed acreage in fall wheat sown this year is about five per cent., rather un. - expected under weather conditions. Oats this year yielded but 90 per cent, of an average crop. Barley, though good in quality, was deficient in quantity. • Corn on the whole was disappointing. Tobacco told the same story. Potatoes are returned a,s ex- tra good in quality but only an aver- age crop. Live stock generally is said to be in rather good condition: hogs are fewer on the farms. Sheep and lambs are said to have done bet- ter, and are increasing in number. Farm implements are certainly de- serving of more attention in the fall and winter months than they usually receive. The lifetime of an imple- ment may be prolonged and the am- ount of power required to operate it very much *lessened by proper care. Most farm implements rust out rath- er than wear out. Clifford Baldwiek, of Barrie, Ont., was one of three members of Can- adian junior live stock clubs chosen at the Royal Whiter Fair to represent Canada at the international joint live stock judging competition in England next year. Feels Fine Now Want to exchange•-eRestland Mem- orial lpt for furniture, or car, or any- thing useful.—Dallas News. Tri -motored airplanes are being launched hi one of the most spec. tacular fights in the history of aviation. War has been declared by the Canadian Government on the • spruce bud worm and the airplane is to be the principal arm ot the setseice. Planes each carry 1,600 pounds of powder, and will dust it while flying low, aver the tree tops. •0 The blueberry Industry is show- ing much improvement in Yar- mouth and Shelburne counties, Nova Scotia. Last year there were only 4,000 acres of crown land burned for blueberry growin.g; this ,year 10,000 acres have been 4urn-, ed. Wee. bf crop last year was' $05,000 and it is. estimated that the crops value could be increased to half a million dollars. The province of Alberta has adopted Old Age POTIS1011S, the runds for which are provided by co-operation between the federal • and provincial governments. The scheme has now been adopted by all Canadian proeinces from the Quebec boundary westward. Though crops in several parts of Western Canada would be benefit- ted by rains, crop outlook oa the whole is very promleing. Reports from all parts of Saskatchewan are generally encouraging. The AI- berta report is good, especially the Peace River country where proseet prospects indicate one of the hest erops on record, About 25,000,000 acres are sewa to wheat iu Canada this year. Last year the Domin- ion harvested over 523,000,000 bush- els of wheat, the largest crop iti the country's history. The fourth annual midseunne'r gathering of the Swedish-Cauedlan League held a two.day cOnventani at: Lao 'du llama Manitoba, re- eetttly and decided to build a home for Old Sevedish folks at Wirmipeg, Another feature .ef the gither n., Was a pageant of old Swedish folk. tie/MI.11,g aad swigs presented in old- tiMe eoettnnes. Many of the Simm- ers Were the saMe vho appee) rel at the Re ilia festival held e.erlier in the yea at. theSaeltatellewate hotel in the it,. • N gf. 0-T0NF Berlusne Cookneatii Clqe Through the Mots ri Coloreal eat She went barefoot and were ragged clothes like the rest, and like them:, Ohe lived Ii it rahashaekle cable, 13n't she was unlike them in that she re- belled agaiest a life of sordidnesS. She had had a taste of education in a little mission Sellool, and she, hut''yrered for more. Not only foe. her- selfhutfor all, her rade see wanted the better liPe that aldlleatien britiga, And she achieved it. Tllifeampoiloyr olifttil7,nuib1 ecoottoumwcourk:1:,oef.4 01 ait race despised by the white people, of the eolith, is now head of a great co- education college at Daytona Beach. Mary Bethune won her battle alone.. This is how it was done: For ?maul Years she toiled as it servant, waxing, money to pay for her own education - Then she opened a school for five little girls. Her school was just a - shack on it dump heap, amid old tine ' and broken beds and suph like rube bleb. She found that she hacl a real genius for teaching, but AO m.oney to build a proper school. Only the white peeple had naonen and in the South few white people believed. In educatina ziegroes. Al- though the State of t'Fleirida guaran. tees equal educational opportunity ter all its citizens, it spent in 1927 forty- five million dollars on the edecation, of white people and only two and it half million on black, although there is one Negro child to every twe white children in Florida. The result of this system is that white people in the South have to send to the North foe Negro servants; the Negroes of tlap South know nothing about the waYid of a decent household. Mary Bethune determined to mend that, and at last she found a way til get money. She had a magnificent voice, svhiela had been trained at the mission school. When visitors came to Daytona hotels in the season she gave concerts at which she, and her scholars sang the great songs of her race, the songs all London has crowd- ed to hear Pail Robeson sing in the Albert Hall this year. By this meats she got money enough to buy. the dump ground, a bit Of waste land" which went cheap. Now it is covered with flower -beds and fourteen fine school buildings, worth $1,000,000. So successful was her school foy girls that it large boys' school asked to be merged with • it, and the Be- thune-Cookraan College began its ca- reer. Some 500 students are now tak- ing a four-year course there. They work in laundry and kitchen as well as library and laboratory,. They go °ad; to teach domestic sci- ence, or be clerks and accountant% or elementary school teachers, or chemists, or to follow some indus- trial profession. Nevermore will they be content with rag and dirt and sordid cabins. CALENDAR REVISED. • Fewer Holidays rn China Thiader'14rei Version. The Chinese calendar, which had threatened to contain more red letteg days than black, to the detriment of buoiness interests, has been purged. by order of the State COuncil at Nan- king, which announces tlie public holidays to be observed in futurea' Christmas day is not one of them, though China has adopted. New Year holidays in conformity with western idea. National independence day comes on. October 10, with the birthday of Sun Yat -Sen on November 12. AD. Sundays throughout the year are to be observed. The feature of the new list is that China's famous "humilia- tion days"—anniversaries of subjec- tion to foreign indignities, such as the Japanese, presentation of the twenty- one demands—are missing. Consider- able criticism has in times past beea made that Caine observed more days of humiliation than of jubilatiou. The State Council has torreeted that matter, While Octobea 10 is na- tional independence day, January „Lis recognized as the anniversary of th establishment of the republic,. Ton In a Match The enormous density- of ee stars, was the theme of an ad recently given before the Instit IVIechanical Engineers, in Lon Prof. A. S. Eddingtona two or three stars known t1 are believed • to possess density. The best-known the companion of Sirius ity is found to be 60,0 of water. A ton of its go inside a match -box ----- Who's to 13e Bo, The ambition of umay Is to gain the mastery ov they marry. In Sweden, tries to dee her groom ilr her right foot la front the cerernolny. She it that she stands so ele nothing ean squeeze even a ray of light! It thinks she solves th which one shall be "ma home. ! Monument to Pi The village of Treeill place for motorists On th Madrid to Saville, 'Spathe the most ttelightfal, le apote itt Extrsane,dura, h loomed into proMinente, merit to Pizarro, eotiquerc the gift of an Ameridan Ramsey, has been unveiled and eeremony Shun\ to flo The shines b tweet and Canal etre th, N been esiedenine In "place �f th will rise ,mod by philan iag '