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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1927-06-30, Page 7RENS :RESTORED ramous French Cathedral Raises Again frolic. its Wrecking. ROCKEFELLER HELPS Thousands of Canadian troops stood chest at the. destruction caused by email-, shells, to. French arches and cathedrals. Ypres, Arras, tens; were all familiar to the ,E.F. Reims to a few, Only, except rough picture and story. In a recent iterary Digest" the rebuilding of 1ws is described and in the telling, lights return to other magn111ant thee.and we wonder "why war.'` /On Ascension Day, May 20, the A{•ch- 'bleep-Cardinal Luoon celebrated high as in the nave of the Cathedral of finis for the fleet time since the war. he last time such a ,ceremony took 41, +pplace was September 19, 1914, when 1Vionsignor Landrieuy, then •Vicar -Gen: el o2 the Cathedral, said mass before brie single worshiper. Bombardment. f the town was in peogrees, and shells bursting overhead interrupted his read- ing of the liturgy. That night the woodwork of the Cathedral took lira end the whole edifice was gutted, - Since that time the building has been in disuee, save for one chapel and part Of the ambulatory on the worth side of _frthe choir, • welled •Off from the rest. Now eight yearn of patient work in re- storation of the interior are crowned. by the ceremony noted. A. new altar Stands In the last bay of the nave, tacked by a temporary wall which Operates it from the transepts, and a diminutive choir is formed by the few choir -stalls which escaped destruction. What is done has come an part from he beneflcience of outsiders. Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., gave 6,000,000 !ranee, only one-third of which has yet been spent. Denmark's gift amounts to 1,200,000 trance, Norway's to 200,000 francs, while double the latter amount has been guaranteed by Great Britain. The French Government has advanced about 1,0110,0.00 francs a year, so that so ' far, 11,000,000 trance have been ex- pended on the restoration. In a .de- tailed article in the London Times one sees what the war did to this glorious heritage of the Middle Ages; one, how- ever,.ohly of the ruined fanes in that leach suffering country. Old days whose memories are perhaps fading -0' are here recalled:. Much Accomplished "Te. any one who lute not seen the - • Cjathedral in its ruined state the re- r may not ing of thee nave licearn, at the flret thought, a great deal to show for eight years' work.. With- but having visited •the building in de- tail and traced the course of the de- struction to which it was exposed for liv four years it is difficult to realize to what, extent Its masonry was shatter- ed and dislocated or to estimate at Its proper worth the work which has green accomplished. In September, 014, after the first bombardment and e fire which followed it, people spoke ready of the Cathedral ae ruined. The age done was indeed limbeense, e fire started with the scaffoling, ,y Itch at that date still surrounded 1 t e whole of the northwest angle of the building, testifying to the work of patient , restoration which had been carried out during the previous forty years, all In vain, es it proved. The • enree were fed by the grasses of straw 'hick had been laid in the nave as a ad for 200 German wounded who heel sen collected there, by the chairs and hoir•-stalls, and, last bt}t not least, by he oak ben of` th4, sv , Poor two ays the great church blazed, while he melted lead from the roof poured 0wn In streams Prone the mouths of .ft gargayles. When :the fire died Own the outer roof was gone, leaving 9 stone vaulting bare to the sky, the 'fry of the north tower with its eight ifle had crashed to the ground, the 1.rteenth-century stained glass of the rstory and the great rose window r the west door were pitifully shat - d, anti a great real of the stone - k :bot inside and out; including Mous- e* , g many o.f bo exquisite carved -stone fig- ures of the facade, had oracloed and perished in the heat of the fire. "It was a disaster fit to appal the ' artistic sense of the whole world, but it was little compared with what was to Iol;ow. Until the very end of the war the Cathedral remalued in the fire - "'zone, constantly under fire, and at tinges, as in April, 1917, exposed to a marches bombardment of guns of heavy caliber deliberately directed at it. No _fewer than 287direct hits on the strucLuati were counted, and many more nrbst have escaped observation, • Ilia Cathedral continued to stand in 'yaw of the rents and gashed in Its ''hell, a monument to the skill of the thirteenth -century masons who built it, but as the pitiless hammering was -*gain and again . renewed its stone- work began to loosen and break up. It could not much longer have Withstood the ordeal t, \Terribly Battered "By the time the Germans withdraw and Reims was released from the ter - lea 01 bombardment, the,. Cathedral had reached, a stage at which the fabric was beginning to disintegrate., At a little distance the building retain- ed all its old grandeur and appeared to be intact, but its actuni state was desperate. Pillars and buttresses had begun to crumble under the pounding which they had received; walls were beginning to stag. Arches had had their thrust distorted so that they no longer gave support to the weight which they were bnilt-to bear. The vaultint of the roof was broken through in e 'rt. or nine diiforent places, three of ,ts: REIMS CATHEDRAL keystones had been smashed to bits. 1 both to fire and changes of tempera- In the center of the churchthe tran- tura, and whish has the advantage that sept crossing looked as if a giant, like l any part of it can be replaced at any Samson at Gaza, had tried to pull down{f time without touching the rest. It has th epillars on top of him.. One of the the simplicity of a, boy's set of 'Mee- four master --pillars had been hit by a cane; and its clean, exact lines when shell 0f the heaviest caliber, and its seen from the inside of the Toot are m fru s so shattered thattheya • I bre m Y r e. The- same sY ate a o to tie e Y iY held together, A great gash in the is being used for the churches 0f St. roof had brought down tons upon tons Rem! and St,Jacques at Reims, and it of masonry, completely burying the seems singularly well adapted for the high altar. Severs' great shell craters' purpose, When onus the slabs are yawned In the floor of the nave. Lit- cast in quantity, construction is ex - tile was left ,of the magnificent thir- ceedingly rapid and economical, The teenth-century stained glass which load roof of the nave has taken only thir- fllled the windows of the clearstory teen months to build. and the apse, and rain and.erost were A Sad Loss. fast completing the ruin. ,"Outelde the Catherral much of the "The most grievous and most irre- stonework of the towers hung totter•, parable loss is that of the precious ing and ready to fall. The facade was stained glass which formerly fllled the gashed and splintered. Of the thirty- main rose window above the west door, five great statues of the main porch the windows of the clearstory, and five, larpluding the Queen of Sheba and those of the apse. Much of its perish - one ot.ilhs famous smiling angels, were edinthe fire; therest was mostly decapitated and moat of them were brought down by the bombardment, sadly mutilated, The smaller' groups and could only be collected in tiny and statuettes had fared, likewise. fragments' from the floor of the Havoc had been played with the light- Cathedral. 'The piecing of it together er stonework of the exterior, such as has been the work of M. Jacques the corbels' and gargoyles and the 'Simon, whose family has had the Care moldings and tracery of the windows.' of the stained glass of the Cathedral This was paetioularly the ease at the for 200 years. T -Ie has auceeeded: after east end of the church, which had had long and ;patient work is reconstitut- to berm" the brunt of the shelling. Con- ing, parity with the original glass and siderable stretches of the gallery partly' with facsimiles, the rose win - which runs round the root of the nave dow and eight of those in the clear - on the outside had been completely story. Enough of the original glass destroyed." remains to 1111 three of those in the It was 'two years before the first 'apse when the time comes." stage of restoration could be begun, 'When attention is turned to the out - A temporary roof of corrugated iron side of the church, the means are at was spread, some cracks Riled with hand for the restoration of the multi - cement, loosened blocks seoured with, tude of sculptured flguree.that adorn iron hitches, and arches' supported it, though a copy can never equal the original. Plaster casts of the most famous figures, celebrated throughout the •world as jewels of medieval art, exist in 'the Art Museum of the Tro- could be touched. Under the constant cadera In Paris; and the Department hammering. of the bombardment the of Pine Arts has in its archives a erase had sagged away from the series of photographs of practically, vaulting, leaving in some instances a,every retail in the sculpture of the gap of folic or five fathers, In these' Cathedral. cases each stone had to be separately,' _ _.W-. -. _ __ ;with brickwork, When work really commenced— "The whole of the floor had to be repaved. Each pillar and arch had to be separately doctored before the roof TOBACCO NOTES Cultivating and Topping Tobacco. Cultivation of the tobacco crop should begin from 8 days to 2 weeks after traneplanting. It is advisable not to cultivate, too closely around the plant until it has taken root as there is danger of killing it. In ex- periments described by the Publica- tions Branch, Department of Agricul- ture, Ottawa,.. the best results were obtained by making the first cultiva- tion about five inches deep and each subsequent one more shallow until towards the last not more than a 2 inch depth is reached. The cultiva- tion should be stopped as soon as the tobacco leas been topped, as cultivat- ing after topping delays ripening. The topping, according to the bulle- tin, should be done as soon as the majority of the plants have develop- ed the desired number of leaves. Post- poning topping until a large number of plants have developed flower stalks retards ripening, increases the pro- portion' of stalk to leaf, and reduces the yield. ProteotIng Tobacco Plants ,From Cutworms. Different methods of combating the cutworms as an enemy of tobacco plants are described in a bulletin of , the Dominion Department of Agricul- ture on Tobacco Growing in South- western Ontario, Applying a poison- ed bran mixture broadcast on the ' field after transplanting has proved to be the most satisfactory method of control. The mixture Is composed of 60 pounds of wheat bran to 1 pound of. Paris green, 1 gallon of molasses, and 1% gallons of water. Two 'light applications` of the poisoned bran on successive days have proved more ef- fective than one heavy application. I have seen many Beetles in this House, but I have never seen one that did any gcod to any party.—David Lloyd George. put bath intoplace, until the correct curve of the arch was restored. Then immense structures of scaffolding had to be erected to enable the masons to deal with the vaulting of the roof, which was open to the sky in several •. places. Clever` Work. "The restoration of the iouter roof • was a problem in itself, which has been i solved by the ingenuity of tare archi- ,'tect, M. Deneux, The roof which had been destroyed in the conflagration of September, 1914, wase made of oak beams and covered with lead. At the 'end of the war M. Deneux made in- quiries as to the possibility of replac- ing it. 'Ile was told that it. would take at least five years to collect the. neces- sary timber; the cost would have been prohibitive. --An :alternative which presented Itself was to use cast iron, as was done at the Cathedral at Chartres, but in this case the roof would have had to be covered with cop- per, and the leadavailable- from the ;old roof would have been wasted. M. IDerueux hit upon a solution which was more peabtical, simpler,and-more econ- 'amicalthan either timber or Iron. Ho A RAILWAY SAFETY DEVICE The Safety Department of the Canadian -National Railways has Intro- duced a, safety device which can be installed on hand cars and motors to prevent derailment: The device consists -of four, metal brackets placed in front and rearof-the wheels, as shown in the illustration.,_Tilese are bolted used beams of pre -cast ferroconcrete, to the frame of the car both horizontally and vertically.' Exhaustive tests held together by doweis 01 Abe same _were anodewith a, gasoline car to which ,Chase.. brackets were attached, at material, and, fastened With oak pegs. speeds varying from ten to -thirty miles an hour, and it was clearly denim). - :lath these means be has produced a etrated,that these brackets held the' car intact on the rails. structure which is light, strong, proof • IN ITS ARCTIC HOME I TO STUDY BLUE GOOSE Party of Six on Steel -Sheath- hint mf erickde0 t e andhitealVor h ed Schooner to Get Data on Feathered specimens obtained ` . will This Little -Known Bird be turned over" to Harvard's museum of comparative zoology for detailed Within a few days the sturdy little etude, auxiliary schooner Airel will leave Dr.'Austin hopes to' be able to place Fairhaven„ across the river from men tificatton hands ou hundreds oY New Bedford, '*ass., on the first leg young birds in the northland and 'wilt of a voyage that will eventually take take 10,000 non -rusting land l"" bands her into Arctic waters w`.lh a party provided by the United States Biolo- af six us who will seek the gical Survey. - When these labeled little-knoownwn bine•' goose and other birds are 1, 'er found in other places, ornithological specimens of the frozen the band data, it is hoped, will pro - North, vide scientists with new material con - The Ariel, which looks like a Praia I earning the birds' rJ ' a 6eo- craft for such an undertaking, has graphical distribution. lust been steel -sheathed to protect 1 Oliver Austin's chief hope is to And her from the Ice. Her designer, Wil- I a spot in -Northern Labrador or Baf- itam H. Hand, Jr., drew the plans tin's Day, 1,000 mite's north of Indian frem which the Zodiac and Donald i Harbor—the last outpost of civiliza- McMillian's famous schooner Bow- tion—where he can span dthe Winter doin were built, Both these vessels of 1928-29 making excursions inland withstood successfulis the rigors of to the • nesting region of the .blue the North. goose. The Ariel will go first to New. Ro- 1 " It is still an unsettled question chelIe, where, under direction of the : whether the lesser snow goose and the leader of the expedition, Dr. Oliver !blue goose are related," said Mr. Aus- L, Austin of Tuckahoe, she will take l tin recently. "We know from the &f - on supplies and a moving picture out- kimo etories, and otherwise, that the fit for photographing wild lite. Her r blue goose has nesting grounds in first atop will be at jcteadows Bay, ' the southwestern part of Baffin Land. an island hatter on the west coast "Two years ago a Canadian scient- ppj h(ewteundiand, • From this point 1st named Soper, of the Government £lee Arles wil sail to Battle Harbor. steamer Arctic, which takes snpplies' Here more fuel will be taken aboardto the mounted police in that 'region, for the voyage along the Labrador stayed at a spot there through the coast. Winter trying to get inland to the Tile, primary objective of the ex- nesting places of these blue gees, but peditiori, is the blue goose, an as yet he failed. FARM NOTES Retain Milk Flow With Green Feed The farmer who expects to run a dairy herd successfully must plan for en adequate supply of green feed to carry his cows from the time the pastures begin to fail until real win- ter feeding. begins. This, is a critical period and If he allows his c iws to fail In flesh or In milk productirn, he call - not expect profs.able returns for hie' labor. At the Experimental Farm, Nappan, sufficient green feed is supplied to carry the tufting herd from about the twentieth of July until the pastures are done and they are stabled for the winter, which would be about the lase week in October. The number of days which it will be necessary to feed a from feed will of course vary Y green year to year but to be on the safe side. one must figure on about one hundred days and It will take at least twenty pounds per cow per •day. The .man with ten cows would then require ten tons of green feed and to be sure of having enough he shoubd plan on hav- ing au excess over and above what he actually : thinks he will need. On average soil, two acres should yield sufficient for these requirements. The crop which we havefound most eatis- factory is a mixture of oats, peas and vetches, seeded at the rate of one and oneehalf bushels of oats, one bushel of peas and one-half bushel of vetches per acre, There are other mops which might prove satisfactory but taking ono year with another, the above crop can be depended upon to give a satis- factory yield of succulent and nutriti- ous fodder.—Kenneth Cox, Dominion Experimental Farm, Neiman, N.S. CARE NEEDED The Bruising of Livestock in Shipping Causes Heavy Losses In the report of the Veterinary Direc- tor General just to hand, this para- graph appears:— "There does not appear to be any advancement in the method of ship- ping and handling of livestock as the losses from bruises are relatively .lar- ger than the year previous. Much of this lose could undoubtedly be avoid- ed if even reasonable care were exer= Bleed iu the driving, shipping and handling. Gross carelessness rather than ignorance is the underlying cause of this unneceseary loss. The loss suffered by farmers and meat packers every year through mere - less, inadequate or antiquated .meth- ods of .handling, and .shipping of live- stock. is very serious, The worst of it is that not much general advance is being made, Much of the good work being dcne by farmers, and other live- stock handlers is negatived by others that are careless. Many farmers are removing the horns tram their cattle but the removal of horns often gives to those that have horns unlimited op- portunity to do damage, In hogs, the report of ons packing plant for the week ending June 4 is ae follows:— Right side ... 67 sides Bruised on: Right ham .. 216 sides Left ham ... 151 shies Right side .. 67 sides Left side . 56 sides Right shoulder 48 sides Left shoulder ,88 sides" 1."' 571 sides = 285 hogs Hogs fighting 16 hogs Clubbed over back Badly Whip Marked 140 hogs 78 hogs • 513 hogs 618 hogs of the week's receipts were badly bruised, Think of the inhuman- ity revealed In the 218 hogs clubbed anti whir marked. The great number, 1 injured in the hams 15 also certain eve. deuce that rough handling ie the cause of most of the injuries, As the bulk of those hogs were shipped direct to the plant it is evident that the greater. part of the injury occurred in handling at farms and ehfpping stations. Lack of proper loading chutes at farms. and unloading chutes at station yards is un- doubtedlyrespousible for a big per- centage of -these losses. The money losses.each year run into very big fig. Urea. Surely humanity and financial interest will induce everyone hanrling interest will induce everyone handling equipped, to do their part In preventing these inhumane and wasteful condi- tions. WANT AGRICULTURE GIVEN PROTECTION Essex Farmers' Union Request Suport in Resolution Adopted. The Essex, England, Farmers' Uni- on has requested all other branches to support a resolution demanding that agriculture be .placed under the protection of the Safeguarding of In- dustries,act, and put forward claims for a substantial duty on imported barley for brewing, with the demand that the importation of flour and the exportation of milling offals be pro- hibited; that the importation of con- densed milk be prohibited and that Potatoes and bacon only be allowed to be imported under license and in quantities not exceeding require- ments necessary to supplement home. production. New Wall Covering That The annual renovating of the house usually reveals a need for a certain amount of new papering or calcimin- ing or other wall treatment. There is now obtainable -a decora- tive wal covering which will endure for a considerably longer time than paper and may be cleaned with water, thus obviating frequent replacement. This material comes in dry form by the pound, and is mixed with water to a consistency slightly softer than plaster. It is applied directly to the plaster after the old paper has been removed, or it the paper is still smooth and fast to the wall over its entire 'surface, the composition may be applied over it. Application to the walls is made with a small brush, Any color de- sired may be chosen, or a mixture of colors thatgivessomething of a batik effect. The decoration may be a plain stipple, which is the least expensive, or it may be one .of many designs that are more elaborate. The finishes are suitable for any room, from the kit- chen itchen of an unpretentious home to the drawing -room of a handsome one, the varieties ranging from the simple to the richly beautiful. The cost is no morethan wall pa- per of equivalent quality for the some rooms. Not Ties, But Bonds. s "1 hear she's held to her old bus - band by many ties." "By many bonds, I'd say." Prom a contemporary: Wanted, a respectable man to milk a cow with a good voice and accustomed tp sing in the choir. HELP TRACE 'EM! Crow' Tagged in Ontario by Jack Miner Killed' in Q le- Lec. Where Do These Crows Nest? By JACK MINER For the last twenty-five or thirty Years crows have been wintering here in south western Ontario, with their number oonstantly increasing. Last winter from a rolling observation win- dow, I am euro I saw over one hun= dreg thousand in leas than an hour's run, and my curiosity to know just where all these nest robbers are nest- ling, was so thoroughly aroused that I have made up my mind to find out, �In January last my particular friend, Mr, aWa af,fesSaundsew, of Landow- On- tarie, and myself, c'iught, tagged and liberated thirty of„them. The crows were caught' in my crow trap; here on my premises near Kingeville, Ontario, which is twenty-six miles south and south-east of Detroit, Mich., and about forty males due north of Sandusky, Ohio, as the goose Mee. Mr. Saunders put the United States Biological Sur- vey tag on one leg, and I put' my tag, "Write Box 48 Kingsville, Ontario,” on the other. We, of course, put both of these tags on their hind legs and, be Zieve me, it is everything but a desir- able job. The next day two of these same crows were caught in the same net along with two hundred others, but nothing of importance occurred ' until last weak when one of them was shot by Gilbert Somerville, at Gatineau Point, Quebec, which is five or sax hundred miles east and north-east as the goose flies, from where it was tag= gad. The two tags eanow is my paesession Now, I have decided to tag fifty or one hundred each winter for educa- tional.purpoe+es re their migration, and I want to ask all crow shooters to please pick up dead crows and examine their legs just above their feet for tags. In other words, I ani asking your co-operation, but please don't ask me to liberate over one hundred a year for they are altogether too murderous- ly destructive on our desirable song, insectiveroue and game birds. More- over, oro-over, please don't burden me with en- qudries about the net winch, if put in Practice, will control the crows, for I caught as high as five hundred and ten at one catch. I gave the plans of same free of charge to the United States government, who, in turn, placed same in the hands of the United States 1 BaologicalSurvey,Washington D.C., to distribute blue prints andspecifica- tion eciflca- tion oY same, free of charge, to any person interested enough to build one. Application for same must be made direct to the Biological Survey, Wash- ington, D.C. Many Tongues "When eight thousand delegates to the World's Poultry Congress arrive in Ottawa next mouth, this city will be the host of the greatest cosmopoli- tan assembly that has ever been seen In Canada. Over forty countries are to be represented by delegates. That' are coming from • every continent. Interpreters seem likely to be in de- mand. In Ottawa stores, restaurants and hotels, as well as in the Congress hall and Exhibition Grounds.' The of- ficial languages of the Congress are English and Trench, The value of being able to speak both languages will doubtless be made apparent on numerous occasions during the nine days. The biggest delegation will naturally be from the United States. Ottawa is in the happy position of being able to converse with Anreri- ! can visitors without an interpreter, The Scottish delegation will be sepals, l ate from the English, but the Scots ' will doubtless speak English for the •purposes of the Congress. There is one universal language which can be understood by all nationalities, that is, the language of courtesy. Ottawa Is no stranger to the art of reoeiving distinguished guests. Ottawa citi- zens will neglect no 'opportunity to show courtesy and hospitality to the cosmopolitan concourse at the World's Poultry Congress."—Ottawa Citizen, Detroit Plans London Flight Not to be out -done by New York, Paris, and Berlin, Detroit is planning a flight from that city to London, ac- cording to an article' in "Patellae," a (national weekly. "Directors of the Detroit Board of Commerce, among ' whom are repre- sentatives .of Ford, General Motors and all the other big automobile com- panies, have this proposal in concrete form before them, A. prize fund of $25,000 or twice that amount will be forthcoming, they have pledged, just as soon ae they can fix neon°the moat feasible plan for a ; contest to bripg about a flight between Detroit London, approximately 4,000 miles straight down the St. Lawrence; to Newfoundland, across to Ireland and thence to. the British capital. Whether it should be a non-stop flight like Lindbergh's, or whether the principal condition' should be ° that the flight. must be completed within a certain limit, is the queetiou yet to be de - oiled. With, a stop for fuel in New- foundland many planes now being built could snake such a trip. It would not call for designing, of a new machine. Using the Teat Lakes and the St. Lawrence the flight would be 'over an all -water route, and emplri- ibien machines such as the Pau ht e"good-will"flee br us oda g �jenter' the contest.