HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1923-03-22, Page 2CuNDUCTED BY PROF. HENRY A. WELL
T e object of this department is to place at the sea
lace c our' farm readers the advice of an acknowledged
euthorlty on all subjects pertaining to salts and drops.
Address all questions to Professor Henry
l 0. Toron-
to,
of The Wilson Publishing Company,
to, and answers will appear in this column In the order
In which they, are received. When writing kindly men•
tion this paper. As apace la limited It Is'advisable where
Immediate reply Is necessary that a stamped and ad.
dressed envelope be enclosed with the question, .when
the shower will be mailed direct.
Copyright by Wilson Publishing Os. Limited.
H, G -:-1s nitrate of soda .a good spring and a little more seed and
fertilizer for corn and bean crop? If
so, how much do they sow per acre?
.mind 'where could it be purchased?
And how muchPer ton, sacked?
Answer:—, -Nitrate of soda is a
strong stock and leaf growing fertile
jeer, If you apply it alone to Dorn and or eight pounds of alfalfa per acre
and drag them in lightly. The appli-
cation of 200 to 250 pounds of a 2-10-4
fertilizer.will help materially.
R. R.:—I have a piece of ground in
drag them in? 1 lime fists
Answer:—You may apply
spring by scattering it broadcast
through the aifalfa'before the frost!
has gone out. This will sweeten the,
soil. In 'spiting or es soon as the soil
is sufficienbly dry to work, scatter six
beans you tare in danger of increasing
p', corn stock growth and bean straw
iTeewth' to the detriment of the forma -
'awl bf ears and pods. Applied in con-
eunetion with acid phosphate it makes which I intended to sow vetch for a
9t "good source' of nitrogen for these cover crop last fall but the dryness.
Crops. Apply nitrate of soda at the prevented. Can T sow it in the spring
rata of 100 to 150 pounds per acre and get enough growth by May or
along with 200 to 400 pounds of acid June to make it worth while?
potash. It would be well to mix these Answer: You Dan sow spring or
materials bolbre they are applied As common vetch. This is exceedingly
to the cost and where it can be pur-
chased, if you will watch the agricul-
tural papers you will see regular fer-
tilizer advertising which will direct
you where nitrate of soda can be pur-
chased.
good as a cover crop and as material
for hay for milking cows. Sow this
in spring after danger of frost has
passed. If the spring is fairly warm
it should grow sufficiently rapidly to
make a good cover crop by May or
C. F.: Would it be advisable to June:
set tamarack fence posts, and about R. Ra; Can you give me a simple
how long would they last? Does a rule for finding the cubic contents of
a round or cylindrical cistern fourteen
feet deep and fourteen feet in diam-
eter?
Answer:—The cubical contents of a
cylindrical, cistern fourteen feet deep
by fourteen feet in diameter can be
dry post last longer than the green?
Answer: Government tests have fix-
ed the life of tamarack fence posts
tinder average conditions, at nine
years. The dry posts last conseder-
ably longer than one that is green.
If you ace putting in any number of found by the following rule:
posts it would be advisable to make Twenty-two sevenths times radius
sure that they are first grade dried squared, multiplied by the height.
material In some sections there has This would make 2,156 cubic feet.
been quite a shortage of cedar (posts B. W.: I am planning on raising
and second, growth "sappy" posts have some pigs. Please tell me if sweet
been substituted. Aside from the clover will make a good permanent
shortness of life of posts of this kind,
the atapies tend to pull out of the soft
posts:' Under these conditions the
wire is apt to come down or the gal-
vanizing rub toff, which of (course
shortens the life of the fence itself.
A. great many farmers are now
using steal fence posts. With this
typo of posts there has been consider-
able ,saving of time and labor in put-
ting up the fence. This post can be
set and driven in about a minute and
the wire is easily attached with clips.
Government tests estimate the life of
I(these posts under average conditions
tut 30 years and while they are slight-
, ly more etpenoilee than wooden posts,
their longer life and the saving in
' time and labor in putting up the fence
more than offsets the additional first
coact.
W. J. A.:—Will you please tell me
a ration for milch cows? I am feed-
ing good clover hay, good oat straw,
bean pods and silage, corn and oats
for grain. What else' should I get to
balance the ration? -
Answer:—I would recommend the
following ration for dairy cattle, in
pounds per day:
50 pounds silage, 10 pounds hay,
2 pounds straw, 5 pounds ground oats
fuel barley.
R. F.:—I would like to have full
information about Ruben.' clover:
Answers—Hubam clover is an an-
nual white clover which ripens the
reed -the same year that it was sown.
This was discovered in 1916 by Pro-
fessor Hughes, Iowa Agricultural
Exp. Sta. It has been largely heraide
r
ed through the eastern half of this
continent and has been grown exten-
sively en some sections. Like ,all sweet
clover it grows very rank ,and has to
be cut early in order tomakefairly
good hay. On - very poor sandy or
gravelly land ` or en hilly land there
may be reason for growing sweet
clover, but speaking generally, other ars should net be used as they do not
The Treatment of Grain for S.nt
The smut .diseases of grain are of
ooneedeiable'economic importance and
evere: farmer should know how to com-
bat them for the •sake of his own crops
as well as those.. of his -neighbors: The
treatments which leave been devised
are comparatively simple, and, should•
find a place in the routine of every
farm. The fallowing is a list of the
common smut diseases of grain crops
with the treatmentsfor each; the is,
followed' by a detailed description of
Hie treatments: '
WHEAT—Stinking Smut or Bunt
Thorough fanning of the seed grain
will remove most of the smut balls.
This should' be followed by the forma-'
En dip OT sprinkle, which give: perfect
control. Copper ca!ilbonate dust is
giving good results and is easier of
application, but 14has not been tested
sufficiently to warrant general recom-'
mendation.
Loose Smut: This disease cannot • be
controlled by 'seed disinfection be-
-cause the -fungus ,epores are not car-
ried, on the surface of the seed, in -
faction being prodatced bya small
part of the fungus carried within,ibe
grain. Hot water treatment is the
only means of control.
BARLEY—Covered 'Smut: Forma-
l.' . dip or sprinkle.
•Loose Smut: This is similar to the
loose smut of wheat and can only be
embroiled by the use of the hot water
treatment.
OATS—Smut: Use the dry formal-
dehyde treatment, or the formalin
sprinkle. In the case of hulless oats,
either of these treatments causes a
serious loss in germination of the
seed, and copper carbonate dust
should be employed.
CORN—Smut: This disease is not
transmitted in or on the seed grain,
but is carried over in the soil from
one year to the next and spreads in
the field from infected to healthy
plants, producing the smut "boils" on
any part of the pi'ant. .A. strict rota-
tion, and as far as possible, the col-
lection and •' burning of the "boils" are,
the only means of controlling its:
spread.
Treatments.
Formalin Dip: Pill bags hale full of
grain. Add one pint of formalin (40
per cent. formaldehyde) to 40 gallons
of water, immerse bags in the soli -
pasture for pigs.
Answer:—Sweet clover is recom-
mended by some Experimental Sta-
tions for hog pasture. Miobigan Exp.
Station, for instance, says:
"Sweet clover is well suited, to use
as a pasture crop for hogs. If prop-
erly managed, it sblould reseed itself
from year to year and produce a large'
amount of .succulent forage at a mini-
mum cost."
C. N,: -What is the true name for
rutabagas? Please tell lire how to
raise them, what fertilizer, and what
kind of soil they do best on.
Answer:—The true name of ruta-
bagas or swede turnip is Brassica
Rape, L. Turnips grow on most any
soil but do best on medium loam. The
soil should be thoroughly worked in
the spring. Before the last harrow-
ing scatter over the ground 500 lbs.
per acre of a fertilizer analyzing 4
per cent. nitrogen, 8 per cent phos-
phoric acid and 4 par cent. potash.
Harrow this in thoroughly, then
mould or rib up the ground, flatten the
surface of the ribbed rows and sow
seed along the top ofeach drill.
Turnips should come up very quickly.
As a rale they are not sown until
after the spring grains so that the
growing conditions are most favor-
able. Thin out the turnips to a dis-
tanoe of about 6 to 8 inches apart.
Turnips make •greatest growth in late
summer or early fall. They are not
injured until the heavy frosts kill all
growth -
'5
ovirdit
Poultry.raisens who produce capons
for market should' use judgment as
to the breed of chickens used for this
purpose. Leghorns and similar small
breeds, which' are ess'evtialln1' egg lay-
elovers and alfalfa make better hay. sell for enough advance over the price
R; W.;—Please tell me the quickest! of swine rooetere to make et a''pay_
evay to get pasture for the cows this ing proposition.
miring; also how to obtain permanent) Capons produced from Plymouth
pasture. Rocks fetch the highest price and they
Answer:—For annual pasture tbel taloa on enough weight to pay for the
Ontario Agricultural College recom-i feeding. Rhode Island Reds are also
mends, 80 pounds of seed per acre ,goad, for this purpose, in fact, any
made up as follows: large sized breeds are the best.
Oats 5l pounds,. sorghum 30 pounds,) When consumers buy capons they
red clover 7 pounds. If this is sown generally want birds which will weigh
as early in. the spring as the ground from seven pounds up. Leghorn ea -
will' work, it-should'be ready to pas- ports do not reaeh this weight and
tiro by the Middle of June. For per- they consume as much feed as the
manent pasture mixture you may 1'argter birds.
Heavy capons sell ` from four to
seven cents per pound over the price
of epring roosters, while as before-
mentioned, the Leghorn capons' bring
about the slime price as the young
roosters.,
The demand for capons is growing
every year and there de alwaye a mar -
greet for them in the late winter and
spring months when aping roostenls
become -too coarse for roasting, but
the producer should start with the
right kind of stook.
choose alfalfa or a mixture of tim-
othy and red clover. About 4 pounds
of timothy, 2 pounds alsike and 6
pounds common red clover.
Co- 0.:H.:—I have had some exper-
ience in farming but not enough to
venture out on my own responsibility.
Psn't there some way by which'I can
learn more about it before I under-
tako:farming ' again?
- --
Anower Your';best way would be
to get in touch with the Ontario Agri-
cultural College. They: could direct
you to sonxe,heading practical farmer
'where you would be able to learn
practical: points about the. manage-
ment of farms.
A. A.:-1 have a field' of alfalfa
but a rather poor stand. • It did not
get any; lime when seed was sown.
(low would it bo to apply lime next
Speed the hogs with feed.
Says Salmi All work and no play
troikas Jack a city boy,
The eloekg set an example to many
a roan in, town, I never fails to take
a met whenever i rude dotitlia,.
tion for ten minutes, moving' them up
and down so'"as to drive out the air
Nibbles. Remove the lbabs and allow
to drain and then spread out the grain
to dt'y, Be sure not to replace the
grafin in the bags used for the seed;
before treatment,'but either new' bags
or ones that have been soaked in the
solution and dried. The solution does
not lees strength by use,
Foreman ,Sprinkle: ..Dilute one pint
of formalin (40 percent, fore alis-
hy,de) wall 40 gallons of water. Pile
the. greinOn a clean. flour. Sprinkle
the. ttolutnon on the grain with a
broom ox: sprinkling can. Mix well
by shovelling ower. When the .grain
is evenly wetted; pile it again and
Dover with clean brags for two hours,
then spread it out to dry 'andput into
clean bags, Forty gallons of solution
is sufficient for 40 ,to 50 bushels of
seed. If seeding is done soon after
the treatment, adjust the drill to al-
low a free flow of seed, or the stand
will be too ,thin.
Dry Formalin Method: Dilute one
part of fermalln (40per cent, formal-
dehyde)
ormald'ehyde) -with one •part. of water end
spray this solution on the ,grain, shov-
eling over at the same time. One
quart of solution to 50 bushels of
grain. Cover the pile with bags or
blankets for five hours. The seed oan
then be sown without drying.
- Copper Carbonate Duet: Two ounces
of finely divided copper carbonate is
used per bushel of seed. The seeds and
dust are put into, a barrel and the
open end covered by tying a piece of
canvas or a sack over it. The barrel
is then rol'io& around' on the floor until
the dust has been thoroughly dis-
tributed over the seed. This treatment
oan be done at any time prior' to
sowing.
Hoyt Water Treatment: This is a
difficult treatment unless there is
live steam used in the dairy on the
farm, or unless there is a cheese fac-
tory nearby, where the treatment
could be done. The bags of grain axe
placed in water and live steamturned
in until the temperature is raised' to
127 deg. F. Enough steam is then run
in to maintain a temperature of 124
to 127 deg. for ten minutes. The bags
are then taken out and drained and
the grain spread out to dry,—E. L.
Drayton, Plant Pathologist,
The care of the flock before lambing
has an important relation to the finan-
cial r'e'turns which may be expected
from the lamb crop. Ewes which are
in poor condition and lacking in vigor
will produce a large percenbage of
small, weak lambs. Such lambs re-,
quire more care and feed to develop
rapidly enough to reach the market
early when the prices are usually
highest. If the ewes are thin in flesh
at lambing time they will not produce
a good flow of milk. This retards
growth and stunts the lambs. A
smalls thin lamb nearly always sells
as a cull on the market. There is
usually a large supply of culls, with
little demand; consequently culls al-
ways sell for the lowest .price. Sheep
producees will find• that it pays well,
from a market standpoint, to have the
ewes in strong, vigorous condition .at
lambing time,
A ration of three to four pounds
per head per day of clover or alfalfa
hay alone may be used. Approximate-
ly one-quarter to one-half pound of
corn should be added three to four
weeks before lambing.
A more economical ration is two to
three pounds of alfalfa or clover hay
and two pounds of silage. The silage
Testing Seed Corn
Without good seed satisfactory crop
production is impossible. Good crops
of wheat, oats, end barley are grown
each year 'without a seed test before
seeding. Why can we not get the
same condition in corn is frequently
asked. Corn is different in many ways
from the cereals mentioned and we
cannot expect the high germination
common to well ripened harvest
grains. Corn ripens later in the sea -
eon when damp days and nights are
common. The grain is attached to an
open pithy cobb that is frequently
slower in drying out than the grain
is in ripening. The corn grain' con-
tains a large percentage of oil and
the grain oils are not noted as pre-
servatives if subjected to many
changes. The oorn germ is not as well
protected by coverings as is the germ
in the other farm ..grains. The fact
that wheat; oats- and..' barley can gen-
orally be sown without a test ;and ye -
lied on .to germinate has led many
farmers to (believe that the same beide
good for corn, and they hesitate' to
do the necessary careful work and
prove themselves the dependableness
of the seed corn before planting.
A few bouts devoted to corn testing
during the -slack .season in February
or March will frequently prove of
greater value to providing corn with
which to fill the corn crib or the silo
the next autumn than many. days of
hard work in the field during bhe sea-
son of growth.. With the seed care-
fully' tested and prover' capable of
producing strong vigorous plants, the
risk is removed from the meet import-
ant of all the factors involved in
corn growing.
Various methods of making a germ-
ination test, have been; devised and
different measures ofsuccess in" "°op-
eration obtained. The elimination
that follows experience has caused a
discard of many methods and centred
on the usefulness rind simplicity of »lie
Sawdust Cern Germination Box. This
method requiree-a'minimum of atten-
tion,' it is easy to prepare and it is
euro. The box used as a container
for the eawsilusit can be eS any eon-
venient size, easy to handle or aback
up. Bowes 80x80 Mellen and 5 inches
deep are very satisfactory antic acre
large enough to test the seed esus -re-
quired to pliant five or six acres. The
sleek bed is prepared as foilows: Pa&
nfoiist dawdu'at to the depth of inhale
inches in ,the box (clic or dry sawdlust,
hardwood sawdust is to be desired)..
Mark off in squares 21,ex21,4 inches
with pencil a piece of cotton sheeting
checkerboard fashion, number the
squares. Lay this sheet over the saw-
dust, press down and moisten. Take
six grains of corn from the ears to
be .tested, two from near the butt, two
from the centre and two from near
the tip, and place these in each square,
number the ear to ' correspond with
the number of the square in Which
the six grains are placed. Using a
piece of cotton of the same dimension
as the box, lay it over the seed and
press down gently, do not disturb the
c
corn in the numbered spaces, Take a
second cloth large enough to fold both
ways or about twice the size of ,the
box,' lay this larger cloth over the box
in such a way that it extends all
around,=eover the box, area with warm,
moist sawdust, piling; ;directly on the
last applied Iarge cloth, pack the saw-
dust down well, by treading or stamp-
ing with a brick or heavy block of
wood. This layer' of sawdust should
be two inches' thick when finned, Fold
the extending portions of; the cloth
over the sawdust forming as it were a;
large pillow or pad. When this bas
been done, the box or boxes should be
set away in a stable or room where
the temperature is always above
freezing; and .generally maintained at
60 to . 70 degrees. If mice abound,
cover the box with a wire, screen:
After eight or ten days examine the
germination for results, lift off the
sawdust pad and then very oarefulty
roll back the cloth that is in direct;
contact with the corn. Take note of
the ,germination of the kernels in eaph
numbered square, and, save or discard
according ;to the strength' of•germina-
tion. Every ear that bas :kiven "deadi
mouldy or weak ,germinating kernels
should be thrown into the feed . bin
and only blloee showing great vigor
and freedom from mould should be
used. At the endof ten days; the
sprout and roots should be at least
two inches long. The box, sawdust
and cloth should not be used a second
time withoat thorop (�.s�calding; this:
is,done .o.dettroyfuli' hs epores that
may be ` present The outside two
inches of space shouid• not be used, ail
it may dry out and cheek the germina
tion of any seed placed near .the edge
of 'the bon
TheTobacco of a -tor
LLTm
1116
and inacka es
P 9
must be of , good quality and not Protect the house with a matchbox.
frozen or moldy. A few oats save much grain rind a
Salt should be kept before t'he flock reat deal of •annoyance.
at all times; an unlimited supply of
fresh water should also be available.
It is important that the ewes get a
moderate amount of exercise and
where the flock is not on pa'stume the
rough feed should be placed some dis-
tance from the sheds or barn so that
the flock will get exercise in going to
and from their feed.
Care must always be taken that the
pregnant ewes are not chased by dogs
or jammed through narrow gates or
doom, as any rough treatment will
cause a large per cent, of loss of
Iambs.
The shepherd's problems for the
lambing season are very largely solved
if he has brought the ewe flock to the
beginning bf the season in good flesh
and thrifty condition.
Wholesome enjoyment is one of the
best stimulants we can take and it is
one of the few that is essential to our
well-being. -
The impressions ene gets in early,
life are the most influential. Are you
helping your children to ,get the right
kind?
se
RADIO RECEIVING SETS
Farmers! Protect your crops by get-
ting lest minute weather reports with
a Westinghouse Radio Receiving Set,
Also datest.Market Reports; -Concerts,
Church Services, Etc.. . •
CANADIAN, WESTINGHOUSE CO.
Limited
HAMILTON, ONT.
District Offices: Toronto, Montreal,
Halifax. Ottawa, Fort William, Win-
nipeg, Calgary,. Edmonton, Vancouver.
1 t.Ji.Cab-,:
"Eastlake"
Galvhnizod Copper -bearing
69F letamtic" Shingles
Fire, Lightning, Rust and Storrs,
Proof—Makoa Water by Condensing
Dow end Frost. '
Send Postal Card for Folder r
"a"
The Metallic Roofing Co.
Limited 903
1194 King St. W., Toronto
a
cyst
war-',.
Saves 03 to 010 a
Day on Labor alone
Mixing concrete by
band with a hoc 10
hook -breaking lob
—and think of the
labor rust. The "Brantford" 19 TILE BEST
VALUE FARM -SIZE MIXER,
It 'le the right oleo on small jobs— fonnds-
tlonI, horse lroaghs, silo,, eta. Moor form_
ern. use it for mining feed,' lertillase, eta,
Made Jo, hand or Dawe1, on oxide-' or
mounted'on trucks, with Or without engin,
Writs for booklet.
Gad Dingo Muir Co., Unites, '
Erargord - Ontario
Irrigated ,Farms in
SouT%ern Alberta
In the •YamotorVdnxhall;llfsirlot
Dew River .3;riggi1ttton,Pot
roie
An sspsoiallY-good''lacation tor mined
farming - and dairying.. Splendid .ep-
ortunity for' ower' men 'no * living
In districts where good' land cannbt
be bought at reasonable prloes,
THIS IS NOT- PIONEERING, the
Prot 10,000 acres. are fully,ne;tled and.
another 10,000 ':sorsa. - now: ready for
settlement; maXtmum distance from
railroad, .seven mhos, Good roads,
telephckles antl schools. - - Easy pay-
mentep_e:itonelos, over .18 vyeers'
Thin L th..But Zang `Buy 3a' Alberta
Write' for further Information .to:.
CANADA, LAND and XBRSQ•ATSO>R
'OOMPA'NZ • zazerran •
:sedtofts - Art, , . ... , , . , , alberia
Don't wait for someone tb
be in pain to got Kendall's
Spavin Treatment in the
house.
Forel( external hurts and pains
—for all muscular troubles.
Kendall's Spavin Treatment makes good.
=ASTON, Solar., December eth,1ee1'
"Plewa send me one copy t your 'raO.ATISE WISE
110115S.I haved your Soudan %loathe Ouro for over
eleven
used for allk dao noros,er (Signed)If.ZE,LAN,.
Get a boldest your druggist's today. Regular
for Horse Treatment—RefinedforHuman use.
, DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY, ' -
Enosburg Falls, Vt., U.S.A.
K L L'S
SPAWN 1
iREATME T
BessissesmoMaiMMIIIII
TheCanadian Pacific Railway
WILL FIND
Farm Help f• r
Eastern Farmers
TO BE "OE' SERVICE to Eoetend 'Canadian Fni'mons and Lehi to meet theld
needs in wearing„ competent form help, the Canadian Pncifid "Railway ^to
. prepared to .utlllao Its widespreado1$Nniaatlon'to "protide such help •front
a. number of countries.'
li'he•:CANADIAN PACIFIC) Railway will now iocetvo-and hitange to fill
applications for mace and female farm help to he supplied • from ; Great
Britain, Belgium, Holland, Denmark,' Switzerland ;'and Nortvapt inall of ;
whloh. countries the Compri, •has • representatives -who' have •faruled, in 'and -
are familiar with. Eastern Canadian conditions'' and woo ,010, }tow, in 505 *,
with such mon and women 'ready and xious. tot coma to Oaaada.
THE : GOVERNMENTS of the . countries' abovementioned haveexiiresscd
their willingness to- aid the Immigration ;of this' clues of their peoples. ' In
order' to :gilt' Such' applications sailefactorlly and bring the help to the
faarIlffer• at the proper 'tme.'and with a • clear understanding of the ,-carbo.
m'g1Ito,and obligationsofeach a printed': Application_ for Help",.form hos
k prepared: p ), of the officoe hated below
den, preps,- dw4fch can o o tained_fEom.µay
111„ le Company milt make no charge to the fafanef for this Service hog will
the farmer bs, required to, make ,stay, cash advance whatsoever towards, the
trttoaiivenliencgesexarilyyenacsks eodf fhos 'ibnelehtoepa' thnpopnleaorteosnt raoirmlwaymet iiadhon wUTht-ebeinhfeolrma-
dln
striated confidenoo, covers; ,toe following points l' -rho kind :of .help' wanted-.
mals.or female; -married or. unmarried! date required end for how lenge
nationalitydesl=edl romithiy.:wagen,;offered 1 kind of work'offered,- eta, -•
lrIONTIITOAT:, P Q. +I. 1S.ongape Gee.' ''Agricultural Agent,
La:ils Norwood, Land Agent, .1'.U,
13NTVIILL5VN.pr�Geo. fl. G,rahamy, Gen. Mgt* tt[ominlon'Attantls g,
Department, of. Colonization and Development
CahadiaYrn,-Pacific Railway.
aL
14. 'DENNIS, t`hlef'i'ommloalonor, Moat/rad.
FARMERS HARD
UP?
A rich man in a publie way recently
enumerated some'ef the greater•eom
forts, pleasures and satisfactions of
the welleto-doe Seine of the most
satisfying experiences in life, says he,
are the purely physical joys of eating
when - you ere' hungry, and resting
when you are'bhied, '
Note that in order to get the most
out of these 'homely joy givers we
must 'become hungry and tired, and
here is where the farmer shines" all
right. He doesn't have to starve him -
sell for twenty-four hours in order to
work up a good appetite, nor knock
the baby's little rubber ban all over
an eighty -acre lot, with a stick in
order to get 'tree enough to rest,
The farmer has real food to eat, troy
and he lhail itfresh: The city man
takes what ds left, and do the beet
shape he can get it, df he has the
money.to pay for it. If he does not
have the money he .goes without, and
there are plenty of them going with-
out. You can find' many able-bodied
men begging for a bite to eat, on "
city . streets to -day, where they say
everybody gets big wages.
These higiley paid men whom we
hear so much about, are not so well
off as it may appear. It takes real
money to live -where there is so much
competition for the necessities of life.
Get out your pencil and figure how
many dollars' Werth you ate bo -day,
based on prices the city man pays if
he gets it served as fresh and as well
prepared as you do. ;Here is the eche-
dnle. Three buckwheat Bakes, 20s;
two eggs, 15e; two mouthfulls of sau-
sage, 40e; one cup of coffee, tea or
milk, 10c; dish of cereal, 150; feteit,
20c. If you want a second helping,
double the price. Beefsteak, $1.25.;
one-fourbh of a three -pound chicken,
65c; potatoes, 150; two slices of bread,
10c; vegetables, canned; 100; fresh
vegetables, 20c;'celery or pickles, 20c;
cake, 200; hot mince pie, 15e per cut.
Now, be honest. Figure it for the
family for the day, and for the week.
Don't tell' your wife, if you don't think
best. She might want to collect.
Now, take inventory of the solid
comfort you get when you pull the
old rooking-chair up to the fire, after
the day is done, and see if you don't
feel like one of the world's most '
favored citizens, after all.
'Choosing Varieties to Plant.
How often has it happened in Can-
ada that varieties of fruits, vegetables
and ornamental plants are chosen
blindly and ordered hastily before suf-
floient enquiry is made as to their real
,merit for the eliecial purpose desired.
Quality is 5one of the moat important
things that most persons want in
fruit' and vegetables, and beautyin
flowers, and with the many flue var-
ieties of each now available ' there is
no good reason why 'midi a want
should not be satisfied:
There are now many Experimental
Farms and Stations in Canada, cover-
ing most of the marked climatic con-
ditions found there, and Agricultural
College Farms as well, and at all of
these places it ie the endeavor of the
staff to find out, by experiment, what
are the best things, and then to recom-
mend these to the people in the par-
ticular district that each one serves.
Now this information is free for the
asking and, 13 full advantage had been
taken of there instituitions in the past,
there would have been much greater
satisfaction thaw there is and many
thousands of dollars would have been
saved also by those who planted fruit
trees which, later, were winter -killed;
for dlardiness is even mare important
than quality. • In regard' to quality,
a more unbiased judgment can he ob-
tained„fr'om the Experimental Station
or College than from those who have
the 'varieties for sale. It often hap-
pens that when a tree conies into
'bea'ring, or a vegetablie is ready Lor
the' table, there is much disappoint-
' ment .in the quality, and this expere
ienoecoubu be improved to a large ex-
tent if varieties recommended by the
Experimental Stations were chosen.
Again, inregarceto ornamental plants,
it is quite natural that those having
these plants for sale • should bring into
prominence or possibly somewhat ex-
aggerate the strong points of a plant
of only a moderate degree of merit .
in order that the ',chances of sale be
improved, whereas it may not be
worthy of beieg`placed 'on the list of
best varieties of that`partdcular'kind
of plant. If lists of beet verieties`'as '
tested out at the' Stations were .con- stilted `:before ordering much 'greater
satisfaction would •be' Obtained.
plant, it is
usually desirable to have thotso which
will, extend the season' the longest,
andby a judicial selection of :early,
medium, and late sorts the season .ot ,
most of the fruitst(pd vegetables can
lbe muchturisd. lengthened over what' it will
be if this is not'carefullyWorked'out.
---W. T. lifacoun, Dominion lilortieul-
Plants areas essential • in good farm-
ing as they are in good': house build&
ing. Now is a good time to :make'
plans for the coming; season.
We all snake sacriiioes, The suc-
cessful main has to melte them in
order' to attain his success. The lazy
oboe makes lthem'in order to enjoy his
i iaainees. 'ankh is" worth malting
saerif;;ces'forP