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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1919-11-20, Page 3writ., stir - Address communications •to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St. West, Toronto Farm Management Factorsors intio'r oas,iThe He was right. t t . Oat Crop Cast of -Crap Y x adu coon. The cost of pe ifarm ri'oductinn o 1' crops as determined by a group of was very light and when he expected lees els he got sixtyb ash aYield of than half that amount. It seemed factors which depend on the ability like a losing proposition but he was of the farmer as a manager to organ- thinking in terms of growing oats ize in such a manner that the crops only. Had he been thinking in terms are produced with a minimum of labor of his whole rotation or the wh ee ll and expense. These factors` are:. farm business Ms remark might w 1. Arrangement of Liells. It not have been, "Of course, oats have been always possible to have the field ar- a poor crop this -year but our corn rangement of the farm exactly as one crop has offset this so that on, the wiebes• There may be some natural average we have a normal yield. We formation that necessitates an 'lir- can't do away with the oats entirely. rengement far from the ideal but this They serve as a good crop to balance •oonclit'iton can often be improved to the rotation and we need both the the extent that working the farm is grain and straw for the stock. There much more efficient and easier. is little else for no to do just at the An ideal arrangement would include season that we are working- on the the following teatimes; All fields ens- oats so we are get't'ing some returns ily accessible to the buiidinge, no for the time when otherwise our team angles in the lanes or driveways might he idle. The machinery naces- where turning with heavy loads.would sary for the crop is just the same ars 'barley, so, t:ofor rho wheat and land as wets ' ] an andaskite be necessary, e possible taken .up in lanes and divi- the oats help to lower the overhead on sion lines. With this arrangenfent we that. After all, we should not be'dis- can save time by shorter trips to the, eouraged because of a poor yield once barn, draw larger loads °by avoiding' in a while, the yield this year is the short turns, utilize all the land for lowest it has' been in twelve years and crops that is possible,' and eliminate, only twice in the last fifty years has waste places that harbor weeds and the average been so low." Such •a remark would have been. evident proof that the young man was appgood man- agement m r inmles of y o the P P agement to his farm operatiodn, con- sidering each crop in its proper rela- tion to the other crops and the farm business as a whole. Buying Pure -Bred Pullets. nleat- diseases. 2. Size and Shape of Field's. The 11 shape of the fields t equally q nn y ort , im p ant. Rectangular fields with square corners are the cheapest to handle. Uniform shape and size of fields per- mit efficient use of large team units and modern machinery. Large fields decrease the cost of every operation and also cost very much less to fence. Ii possible it is advisable to have the number of fields the same as the num- ber of years necessary to complete a cycle of the rotation. For example, for a rotation of corn. oats and barley, wheat and clover, requiring' four years for a single field to produce all those crops, an ideal arrangement would be to have four uniform fields or, if very large. eight: 8. Rotations. ' The rotation deter - mince to a large extent the distribtr tion of labor• on the •crops. If the proper crops are chosen there is a sequence of operation throughout the season. This enables us to care for the crops with a minimum amount of laborat any ai one time. Since labor is from forty, to fifty per cant of the entire expense of growing' -a crop, economy in this respect influences A poultryinan recently told me that he figured on pure-bred pullets being worth at least seventy-five to one hun- dred per cent. more for breeding pur- poses than for market. This may be true but there is a grea., variation in the value of pure-bred pullets and the birds are not of much value as breed- ers just because they are pure-bred,, It is fundamental that the birds be pure-bred as a foundation. Then their value is built up according to their ether characteristics. One reason that some farmers are prejudiced against pure-bred Poultry is due to Seine poor quality pure-breds l they have seen. Some farmers. who have culled their grade stock for years and kept only the best will never cull the pure-bred birds tett keep them all. A pure-bred flock should receive a culling and birds of inferior vigor cost of production, A properly plan- sold on the market. Such birds are not ned rotation will also keep the land in worth seventy-five per cent, more than the best of condition and larger yields 'scrub stock just because they are pure-bred', When buying pure-bred pullets we figure the value cf the hires by the birds themselves. Some pullets are a poor investment at any price. Others might be a bargain at five dollars each. There can be no set rule for leurchaseng pure bred poultry and no rasa of 'farm management in another set price that will accurately deter- i1mine their value. A pure-bred flock article. that has been bred for many years 5. Farm Equipment. The cost of for either fancy points or egg pro - production is also dependent on the duction or both, is apt to produce pul- egmr,ment of the form. It can be lets of great breeding value, They decreased if we do not confuse proper are.werth move money than ordinary ocuipmcnt with over-egnipment. It is stock because of the blood lines. The not the number of machines' nor the qualities For which they arenoted money invested in equipment that have been stamped on them by many counts, but =chilies that are adapted years of careful breeding operations to the specific needs of the individual .and they are able to produce progeny farm. It is the size of the farm, the of like qualities. shape of the fields, the number of A flock of pure-bred poultry might horses kept, the number of men work- be carelessly bred with no efFoet made ing, and the crops raised, that deter- t,, select the best and most vigorous mine largely the equipment needed tqq birds for reproduction. At the end of produce the crops at a low cost o a few years the stock might bo pure - production. In an article of this des- bred and yet worth no mote than the cription it is impassible tomake market value of scrub stock. specific recommendations but these We do not like to buy pullets in general rules and principles apply in large quantities as some poultrymen practr:erilly all instances. do. Usually it is the beginner who, G. Arrangement and Plait of Build- eviehes to 'purchase a large number of lags. Well arranged and properly pullets so that the dream of at large pisn ned buildings make the storing of egg production can begin promptly. crops much cheaper. The crops can Frequently the pellets purchased do be stored much,, more quickly incl not cone u15 to expectations. If pul- easily. if the building's have been lets are purchased it is better to sac - located so that they are convenient aifiee quantity to quality and buy a to tio,fields and the interior so plan- few first class birds as foundation necl that it is easy to get the crops in stock for the larger flocks which are and out, valuable tile is saved. The to be raised at .home. storage space ,in the barn should be The poultryman or farmer who arranged to meet the needs'of the peaces his own pullets can cull them particular crops of the rotation sorigidly and ]seep the best. The others that each crop is stored in its respec-1 can be sold on the market if they are tive space. Granaries Should be so, of little value as breeding stock. It located 'that putting the grain in and does not pay to sell the cull pullets out 'can be done without heavy and where they will be used for breeders, wearisome liitin'g. The roofs should as too often it causes disappointment. be so. constructed that hay clings and Whoa buying pullets, care should be horse forks' may ire peed, and man,, taken not to purchase the culls from other conveniences that go to make, another breeder. Examine the pullets the handling of the crops less burden- carefully. Find out their age and see. some. All of these things tend to if their development eerrespoicls to will be secured from 'a given amount of money and energy expended. 4. Efficient Ilse of Labor. The efii- ceent use of labor is the most import- ant of all the factors limiting the profits on farm products. This factor is dependent on practically every other factor involved and is of such importance that we will. deal with this reduce the cost of preduction. A great their age. If possible study the the ter flesh ormafine Internal freezmg rimy, or frost; necrcis, occurs when potatoes ere ex posed to severe frosts, temperatures below- twenty-eight degrees' F. The tubers show dark 'blotches in the flesh when they are cut open afid allowed to stand a short time, The spots are usually most marked at the stem end, belt they are scatterer) irregularly deal of thought can ee given to•this through ne ou, recur s breeding stock from which the pallets' netwrrlc'br ring. Ordinarily the injury subject that will yield good were produced. e in.time saved and satisfaction to the is detected only upon cutting, although Pure -hied pullets •as foundation the affected tubers wilt more than the manager. • stook 'for poultry flocks should -be' no 7. Marketing. Marketing, although worth at least seventy-five to one; Pot ones in stoactu "" not a factor in production is very ha- hundred per cent. mere than scrubs.! normal toes may actually be frozen portant since the crop does not actu- Bat do not stop there. It also pays solid throughout, becoming soft and ally yield a profit until disposed of. to classify the pure-breds and not 'Mil/ tench, on thawing. As a result of The cost of marketing is often an ex- foundation stocle just 'because it is coining in contact with a coldwall in pensive item and depends, ,to a large nre-bred. It must leave other palmic' storage, or being left above the ground P after dig'g'ing, potatoes may .freeze degree, on the farmer as a manager to eo-ordinate this with the'of value to make it a profitable invest - other inert. work so that the transportation 'of 4 the crops to the market will not inter. ' fere with other farm activities Good, walks between the buildings "forage at low temperatures, twenty- - "Do you think it pays us to raise on ferias add greatly to the ease anti nine to thirty-four degrees F., not to oats?'f asked a thinking young farm- comfort with which farm work can real freezing, Tubers that have never er the other day after he had figured be done. i been frostbitten may show thisinjury. out the yield per acre on his oat crop for this year. "We have threshed out Chick coops can be made during time room where. potatoes are stored and only twenty-eight 'bushels per .acre bad weather and stored away, so they keep the temperature. above twenty - and, really that 'won't pay tis a's muGh will be ready to set Up when the time eight degrees F. wages its if we had worked on the comes. • i• When shipping potatoes clewing cold on one side. Tubers injured in this way are easily sorted out. "Turning . u 'o colo n'ed i et sweet"sd g A Have a good thermometer in the •ixesE „fir, k,F - axiu+' �+, Yt�sb eti��••.ea' rrs Il 4 9t�gqii �� ijp�1i T3, ''C -1 -01I -h. 13. 1 e,1; .: M,M•D 4iy' rte_ ' � w "s_._,'ei.�u"�'s.'s:r ,moi _'.'st`or'�rA•±-'�fa'nr�%� c:rr, �� mei i+�. Address: communications to 73 Adelaide St, West, Toronto What woulda en if a happen Pperson swallowed a needle or , a common pin?" is a question asked me in a Foreign bodies, even needles, ,;and pins, when swallowed by infants and very young children seldom cause harm, except when choking appears to be impending. Be' sure this accident has occurred, and then send for, the doctor. Don't give a 'laxative. Give some starchy substance, such as oat- meal or potato or cornmeal mush, which may -form a semisolid mass in the intestine, so that the object swal- lowed may become imbedded in the mass and be carried forward, Small foreign bodies may become lodged in some crevice of the mouth or throat; or, if sharp, they may pene- trate the mucous membrane and thus r i t the eiF its to eject or ess o J swallow them, A flea bone, a splinter, or a fragment of straw may cause the trouble. In such eases the doctor must act. A morsel of food or some harder substance may be lodged in gulletor aeso ha us. The symp- toms m, - the A g Y P toms vary all the way from a slight irritation and discomfort on swallow- ing.strangulation and in in .toconite g. p depending the sha e tense pain, onp and eharagter of the substance and the particular position which it oc- eupies. The patient's efforts—cough- ing, gagging and vomiting—may ex- pel the foreign :body; or it may be extracted by the patient's finger pass- ed well down the throat. If these simpler means are not sufficient, the doctor must extract it with forceps is afterexamining means of his n g by throat mirror. liven when the symp toms are not alarming, such sub- stances as artificial teeth, coins, per-. Greatness., tions' of bone or of meat,should be "Who was the greatest?" Whet removed as promptly as possible, in questioned about it they ware asham• order to cave the patient from the 'ed of their debate and did net answer, inflammation which is likely to follow They'had, no doubt, been thinking of its presence, and which may by its' that kingdom of material splendor swelling, completely'shop up the air and power'which they still expected passages. In the latter event traehe- Jesus was going to set up. Which off otomy (opening the wind pipe) may them should' have first place? W, have to be done, by the doctor, of should be greatest? They were men course. The Xray has become an in- of widely different gifts and qualities valuable means of locating foreign bodies in serious cases. Questions and Answers. INTERNATIONAL LESSON NOVEMBER 23. Jesup Corrects' 3o'ktn s Narrowness-. a .Luke 9; 10: 131s • Mark J 33-42; A Eph. Y. ih. fi. 46-56. Golden Text, I 2 of Mark 9; , 38 4... The Lesson and they may have discussed' the question of what gifts and qualities would be necessary for greatness in such•a kingdom. eesus'an'swers their I am a young lady of good educe- question, and His answer is complete tionintelligent and ambitious, but I and final. Greatness is through am 'handicapped because of self -con- service, even through lowliest service. sciousness, particularly in the pres- "If any man would:be first, he shall ence of the other sex. This makes me be last of all, and minister of all,"For very unhappy. Is there any cure for example, Jesus took a little ohild'in my timidity? His arms. To receive, care for, pro Answer—The cure for any healthy tect such a little one is to receive the person such as you seem to be must Lord Himself. To minister to one of lie entirely within oneself. Young the least pis to minister to the King. l is to human soix a women are not thus usually afflicted; To do good to young men are more so, at least more render high and holy seivide to God. young mien are than young women. Compare Luke 9: 46-48. in the 10: 3-1G. Citizenshipi - 1 't ai face es situa- Mark • s cal dutyto th It.is aux oe y tion until you become self-possessed. Kingdom of God., It is indeed the duty of any charming "The little children." The disciples and naturally amiable young woman had a high sense of their Master's to impress her gifts upon her social importance and of the value of His I circle. Comfort and fortify yourself time. He should be occupied only with with the reflection that the young men important people, people •of rank and you meet are, most of them, more station. Women who brought litti 'self-conscious than you. children to Him were not to be en- couraged. They rebuked them. Jesus should show signs now of maturity did get angry sometimes, and this was one of the occasions of His anger. and should be about ready to coo- "Let the children some,"He •said, "for of such is the kingdom 'of heaven." The simplicity, the truth, the trust-• fulness, the open-mindedness of little ua lities children—these are the q which shall mark those who are to enter in and possess the` kingdom. How much the words of Jesus in iF hf mence laying, or should be laying .ee :: early in November. This is the time of the year when — — the farmer, as well as the poultryman, marketseels surplus fowls. The writer has observed the many crates of chick- ens as they sit upon the trucks at different railroad stations over the For the man who keeps a small fleck province. What he has seen leads him of sheep a shed may already be et- these lessons must appeal to those to write a short article an the subject. tached to the barn for providing sliel- who have the care of children, What do these chicken crates con- ter. If none already exists, one may whether in the home, the school, the tarn? Nearly every one is crowded be built at comparatively small ex Sunday school, the orphanage, or the with old cock birds, cockerels, or old pence that will be perfectly adequate. children's hospital! Jesus pronounces. hens, Usually not a pullet is to he I have sheltered twenty-five sheep in highest eulogy upon all such service. in feet in kingdom. seen, or. if any eat all, there are but a •shed sixteen feet by thirty None. shall be greater in the lq ng few. ' This in the main is correct. Do size. This gives room, too, for the of heaven, none rank higher in the not overcrowd the henhouse in the fall, feeding racks. new social order that is yet to be, winter and spring. Cull out the ones But bad as cold is, wet ground is than the mother, the teacher, and the that should go to market. Keep only fully as dangerous to the health of nurse. The new age Is to be an age those that will improve tit: flock neat the sheep. Sheep are not an animal of faith, and it is children who show F a�g �;nr'�. t<.tstva� ..r year and those that will yield an in -`for damp ground. It is death to them. us the way of perfect i'alth. come over and above the amount of For this reason the sheep barn or shediLuke 9: 49-50, The Lesson of Co- on ht to be built on dryground. Some ut food Many ta cock bird is sent to market spites may be drained bditehes so that Co- operation. I the land will be dry. Wherever ie "We forbade him." In the zealous Gen that should be kept to breed from next mind of Jehn the spirit of intolerance seems advisable to pasture or yard sheep on ground that is naturally wet, is already g P drains may be put in yet this fall. All d Il year. - Many a cockerel that would im- p- prove the egg or meat producing pew- s er of the hens next year if sold in the neighborhood, is sent to market. So, h also, there are hens that should be lI kept. On the other hand, many pullets of are kept that should be sold for table sorts of disuses may follow wet feet. • Then, too, scab does a great deal of forbade him. He was doing good, or damage to our flocks when it once gets trying to, but he was not of their a hold in them. We cannot be too party. "Forbid him not," Joaus said; careful when buying sheep or other -i "for he that is not against' us if for flaming up. They slaw one trying to heal cases of insanity by using Jesus' name, he said, andthey " r use. cl What,then, are some of the points wise acquiring them, to see to it than us. observed in culling they are free from this terrible die -1 In every age and in every move- f movthate- down she flld be ba 1 d nun the flank? ease. No scabby sheep ever should bei latent for human betterment, the same n o brought on the farm for it is apt to, intolerant sprit appears. It would y First, the cock bird. If in is pure- agood laying strain, eprettd and infect the entire flock. Iii forbid alI activity ,but its own. 7t ae bred and from Y g would make itself and its agencies e if his progeny. are quick to retire. P P the only P ns (that is, if his cockerels feather quick - it ly, grow their combs early, and com- y mence to crowwhen six to eight weeks n of age), if he is vigorous and healthy,. if he crows often during the day, if he g is a bit serap:py, if his feathers are of ce good lustre, if he moulted early and ch. grew his 'neon feathers quickly—keep I: • him. it Second, what Bells should be sold? r, Send to mau'ketthose hens that moult- - ed in July Or in August. If a hen is - carrying her old feathers at the time at this is being written, keep her. A y good laying hen moults late in the d- year, She drops all of het feathers d at a time. It a hen laid well last r winter, no matter what her appear - .e arise isnow, keep her. She will lin eah 1 that de neat' the heat and frosty injury those in the outer parts of the car. Pongee silk is the product of Chin- ese silk worms witiclt feed on oak leaves and produce fibre of a naturally yellow lute, r 5 •s r' THE CHEERFUl. CiERUB aeoa....e.... I have a conscience, stern a.nd hard . I wish that I had It will not be a. sport •at all -- - It 'always spoils rriy Fvrn. 11.aR l1 soils the race that is affected by et and the wool becomes "tagged" or glued together. Even to come in con- tect with one of these tags from in- fected sheep is apt to convey the dis- ease to well sheep. The disease may also be transmitted by healthy sheep"by those who differ from ns. We touching posts or trees against which learn in every forward movement to scabby sheep have rubbed. As ei co-operate heartily with all ether peo- source of real suffering scab is a fear- pie and institutions which have the fur thing. same end in view. We learn that _nee God's workmen are in many fields, Trees are being systemaiicelly and that name, eor form, or party planted along the great wall n£ China. feeling should never binder the fullest ood for China! and freest co-operation in every good Powdered charcoal is good material work. Of this passage, W. N. Clarke to mix with potting soil. It affords writes; "Jesus expressly told His fol - good drainage, retains moisture and lowers to recognize as their brother tends to keep the soil from becoming the man who was doing His work,. acid. though he might not follow with them cn do it in their way. All exclusive •' nism as if one's' own sect true rereseutataves.of 'Jesus Christ. The words of Jesus lift us out of the strife of parties and of sects, We learn tolerance and gen- _ appreciation of the Rood clone prove the flock. Market the tens as eeetar is are in full :featheranthat have tease Your Money were the whole kingdom of heaven, brilliant yellow shanks and b - In . as if one's own way of following Market the hen that stole her nest `yt�z% DEBENTURES Jesus were the only way, are here not brood of ' chicks in k and hatched a August. Market her brood with h.er. She is trying to fool you. She, like some people, gets busy at the eleventh hour:. Silo has fooled away the spring and summer, preening her feathers and admiring her own fatness and comeliness. Third, what about those cockerels? y Market the ones that were slow to develop.' Market the ones that are poorly i'ealltered. Open the wing and if the°primary feathers are long, nar- row ag row and pointed (the chick feathers) market all such cockerels. Fourth, we come to the "tug of war." Tito busy housewife wishes to keep about so many pullets for the year. She dislikes to kill or market a pullet. This temptation is great with icer. Often she reasons this way: "I want about so many pullets next spring. They are young; they will grow, and it will not cost much to keep thein, for I Will let them pick their' living." Remember, dear reader, this es all wrong. A pullet should' be fed heavily in order properly to 'develop a con- stitution that will combat the drain upon her heavy egg procluetion. It. costs too much to keep over a peer lot' of undeveloped or constitutionally w•ealc pallets. Pullets that -"are to be good layers Interest payable half yearly. only forbidden, but ruled out all e The iGreat'West Permanent by common sense and Christian senti- ment" (quoted ,in Peloubet's Notes.) ri Toronto OfficeD 6`OLc20 Kling St. West Luke 9: 51-56. The Lesson of Pa - -a.._...: _ t;nti.,e. A limited socntliY' el l•J trh ends Iva Sods for eatacbeep• enepica Free Highest spices Paid For RAW FURS int GINSENG Write for price lists and shipping tags 22 Years of notable Trading Reference—Union Sank of Canada.. N. SILVER 220 at. Paul. St 'Pi', =mitring, P.Q. TO 14 W114)301015&D00113 5 p ILLS. is ,sie' your. . -., a i Cee Fi ed Cir• a with Ulan. 'Sala des livery guaranteed. Write far Price telae IL), C't down incl phis. tame waiter ca,nfors The HALLIDAY COMPAtav,Lernited "Teem did not receive hint," These Samaritans acted very badly. Not . only were they guilty of -gross'' in- hosp°itality,, but they also showed un- reasonable and bigoted lmostelity to Jeuus and His disciples because they were going to Jerusalem.' So far did they carry the old fend between Jew. and Samaritan. In their anger the two brothers, fames and Sohn, would' have blasted them with fire from heaven. Perhaps they deserved it. But that was not Jesus' way. Judg- ment would overtake those childish evildoers soon enough. His ministry was 'one of grace and of forgiveness, not of destruction. The same attitude toward' our enemies, which James and John adopted, is manifest hn much of what we say and do to -day. Should we not rather cultivatespirit the s irit and mind of Jesus? Our mission in the world 0.a.. Christian men and as Christian nations, is like that of Ohtist, not "to destroy mens lives but to 'save them," The ,was, who mends lids ow=n Mist NANI TON rACTO Y 0IfTRICnd5PC CANADA nese can never get out. of einploymecr , i \� at knows is the designed needs' � •v5 � % %Pocket Set pie �+�4:f.7 i.4 \ P least' ions the most soldier. Gillette, most a a �"�i i i + • ii {The .{ ' f t tbo <.,. /IIIM I t ill I r! d ! rLws� o Field now ,strange the old-time baaieball teams boasting bearded carded cricketers—char Today the athlete He is conscious that he is the business man and For men who love outdoor active bodies, we have stocky`hntidl'e-the "Bulldog” Not that the Gillette angle stroke, removes the m' "o ei•,. tr •ti .� ".il a i'�'l �yi t'iki:5; �V. ;•. t. .-• °",`" >•,,:."•'e^'?;5u ''_ .Z '•:e'- "�'', •7' t», d� "..�.. . n ���EtP "BULLDOG" includes oval Morocco Case: withtwo blade bonen tomatch,andl2 double-edged blades. w 1, ! f* v.r ✓t y: .'c ��}},,TT��,gqppa� rdriebY',b pictures of sport would half -a -dozen sets of the scull with their importance of the keen 'when he is wall• life and sports, to n p a Gillette Safety shown to the a sturdy grasp. A light stubborn beard with But there is a the thicker handle Ask to see this Y appreciate thepoint The case, you almost compact a moa a Edition E the Prise is the Sold by all dealers men's needs, I MA0E N ._.r18,= •. - cam4 sirCu a 'tiNOWed THE "w•�SiaL67 ?�♦,.3F. z, ' li e"'")„>: sS U a� d look of whiskers—full- chins well•shaven II roomed—just of virile Razor left. touch, surpiisingacomfort. certain of the special 'tui!! tea Ciliates, same, catering ®i d . y !�., r { '�y1•r'f' w i. YAeU;A' today— concealed. chin 7 as minds and with an extra with the appeal 'in "Bulldog". set and for yourself. notice, ia the famous and SS. 00. to CAtA A. �. OVER, 573 el 1yENDORSED BY HORSEMEN UNIVERSALLY N .aDem , 11 1 Sp®h s s Distempea-Jeal ' __ .ay, •thele c - is i.ui enjoys a am tahan equalled by no ether veterinarydedyre lead - v. c, - Z. For 55 yearn itands been used and America. rad b•5 a 1 ill ,e 7tt-p,T-x-•" : s .� • ins horsemen and stockmen of America. Lbr 55 Sears its v. ..A ,>< 0. asp under trying conditions has won for It the highest es- tebm of veteran trainers and drivers. apo'Scros'S sheuld be �Q in Query stable to prevent contagion. whether Yly�L'II�N�B, 4,RCO Prae3 MIMI, AIs2`£Mran, cowt}S or cOLD, sso:e u. =MCAT. Co. - Goshen. Sid., tr. S. A ` . Farmers are awakening to of better marketing methods, have begun to recognize the advertising in marketing farm products. Much advertising alone without results in proportion the cost ,in many eases, not farmers but by all classes of Users, and so complex is the ing game that advertising experts in demand end make their employers good money if the business is one that justifies the outlay. farms would not justify this, will justify a direful plan of tiling worked out by the farmer. often advertising is looked upon spreading of a little ink on chalk or paint on a board that who takes the time to examine know what it is therefor. Advertising is a whole lot more than that. purpose is not only to carry a but to attract attention to that •sage, and to give confidence in that, sends the message and the the message refers to. If it than all this it falls short of First we want to attract the of all who want the article be at all interested in it, so thing in the advertisement. must this information so plainly that not be overlooked; Then one enticing•. qualities should be emphasis- ed s.o'briefly that a glance will them to the mind of" the reader. will insure the interest of anyone Far : is Advertising for the article and the will be read, b and positive. Ge praise of an article wil selling value, but post of definite qualitie advertising wit reserve about it evil of the reliability and his 'good; to fa than exaggerate and bare statements o and honesty, cr eve prove these things b from people equally the advertiser. Peopl ordinary testimonial the ink it took to prix easy to get and carr the giver's true opine too many cases. of an advertisin be nine in accordan of article to be sol a local denmand will 1 enough to take the 1 in the local Pape of seed con, a pun eggs from a l .rge pun hens, or other things tin would not be libel of, we should a move widely circulate or city dailiere and f the farm papers ha There -an who quot possible sells when otthe fail. -- the need and value of is to only by adver- advertis- are a large Most but they adver- Too as the paper or anyone it may Tee message res- the one thing does Jess its duty:: notice or would sone- give it can- or more convey This who has any desire the selling argument it should be definite eral rambling not have any tive statements will. - Plain conservative a dignity and car'r'y conviction the advertiser better advantage descriptions the seller's honor an attempt to testimonials unknown as Iook upon tee worth less than it— they're too too little of with them in The selection medium should with the kind Something that likely to be should be advertised -but a good lot bred animal, bred flock of the local demand to take any antaunt vertise in the farm, papers farm products every advantage. prices when with like goods Dark Spots in Potatoes May weather in a heated car, provide fc of air from theo sato, Be -Due to , Freezing, b tone circprevent to prevent black heart in the potato, reduce the cost of preduction. A great their age. If possible study the the ter flesh ormafine Internal freezmg rimy, or frost; necrcis, occurs when potatoes ere ex posed to severe frosts, temperatures below- twenty-eight degrees' F. The tubers show dark 'blotches in the flesh when they are cut open afid allowed to stand a short time, The spots are usually most marked at the stem end, belt they are scatterer) irregularly deal of thought can ee given to•this through ne ou, recur s breeding stock from which the pallets' netwrrlc'br ring. Ordinarily the injury subject that will yield good were produced. e in.time saved and satisfaction to the is detected only upon cutting, although Pure -hied pullets •as foundation the affected tubers wilt more than the manager. • stook 'for poultry flocks should -be' no 7. Marketing. Marketing, although worth at least seventy-five to one; Pot ones in stoactu "" not a factor in production is very ha- hundred per cent. mere than scrubs.! normal toes may actually be frozen portant since the crop does not actu- Bat do not stop there. It also pays solid throughout, becoming soft and ally yield a profit until disposed of. to classify the pure-breds and not 'Mil/ tench, on thawing. As a result of The cost of marketing is often an ex- foundation stocle just 'because it is coining in contact with a coldwall in pensive item and depends, ,to a large nre-bred. It must leave other palmic' storage, or being left above the ground P after dig'g'ing, potatoes may .freeze degree, on the farmer as a manager to eo-ordinate this with the'of value to make it a profitable invest - other inert. work so that the transportation 'of 4 the crops to the market will not inter. ' fere with other farm activities Good, walks between the buildings "forage at low temperatures, twenty- - "Do you think it pays us to raise on ferias add greatly to the ease anti nine to thirty-four degrees F., not to oats?'f asked a thinking young farm- comfort with which farm work can real freezing, Tubers that have never er the other day after he had figured be done. i been frostbitten may show thisinjury. out the yield per acre on his oat crop for this year. "We have threshed out Chick coops can be made during time room where. potatoes are stored and only twenty-eight 'bushels per .acre bad weather and stored away, so they keep the temperature. above twenty - and, really that 'won't pay tis a's muGh will be ready to set Up when the time eight degrees F. wages its if we had worked on the comes. • i• When shipping potatoes clewing cold on one side. Tubers injured in this way are easily sorted out. "Turning . u 'o colo n'ed i et sweet"sd g A Have a good thermometer in the •ixesE „fir, k,F - axiu+' �+, Yt�sb eti��••.ea' rrs Il 4 9t�gqii �� ijp�1i T3, ''C -1 -01I -h. 13. 1 e,1; .: M,M•D 4iy' rte_ ' � w "s_._,'ei.�u"�'s.'s:r ,moi _'.'st`or'�rA•±-'�fa'nr�%� c:rr, �� mei i+�. Address: communications to 73 Adelaide St, West, Toronto What woulda en if a happen Pperson swallowed a needle or , a common pin?" is a question asked me in a Foreign bodies, even needles, ,;and pins, when swallowed by infants and very young children seldom cause harm, except when choking appears to be impending. Be' sure this accident has occurred, and then send for, the doctor. Don't give a 'laxative. Give some starchy substance, such as oat- meal or potato or cornmeal mush, which may -form a semisolid mass in the intestine, so that the object swal- lowed may become imbedded in the mass and be carried forward, Small foreign bodies may become lodged in some crevice of the mouth or throat; or, if sharp, they may pene- trate the mucous membrane and thus r i t the eiF its to eject or ess o J swallow them, A flea bone, a splinter, or a fragment of straw may cause the trouble. In such eases the doctor must act. A morsel of food or some harder substance may be lodged in gulletor aeso ha us. The symp- toms m, - the A g Y P toms vary all the way from a slight irritation and discomfort on swallow- ing.strangulation and in in .toconite g. p depending the sha e tense pain, onp and eharagter of the substance and the particular position which it oc- eupies. The patient's efforts—cough- ing, gagging and vomiting—may ex- pel the foreign :body; or it may be extracted by the patient's finger pass- ed well down the throat. If these simpler means are not sufficient, the doctor must extract it with forceps is afterexamining means of his n g by throat mirror. liven when the symp toms are not alarming, such sub- stances as artificial teeth, coins, per-. Greatness., tions' of bone or of meat,should be "Who was the greatest?" Whet removed as promptly as possible, in questioned about it they ware asham• order to cave the patient from the 'ed of their debate and did net answer, inflammation which is likely to follow They'had, no doubt, been thinking of its presence, and which may by its' that kingdom of material splendor swelling, completely'shop up the air and power'which they still expected passages. In the latter event traehe- Jesus was going to set up. Which off otomy (opening the wind pipe) may them should' have first place? W, have to be done, by the doctor, of should be greatest? They were men course. The Xray has become an in- of widely different gifts and qualities valuable means of locating foreign bodies in serious cases. Questions and Answers. INTERNATIONAL LESSON NOVEMBER 23. Jesup Corrects' 3o'ktn s Narrowness-. a .Luke 9; 10: 131s • Mark J 33-42; A Eph. Y. ih. fi. 46-56. Golden Text, I 2 of Mark 9; , 38 4... The Lesson and they may have discussed' the question of what gifts and qualities would be necessary for greatness in such•a kingdom. eesus'an'swers their I am a young lady of good educe- question, and His answer is complete tionintelligent and ambitious, but I and final. Greatness is through am 'handicapped because of self -con- service, even through lowliest service. sciousness, particularly in the pres- "If any man would:be first, he shall ence of the other sex. This makes me be last of all, and minister of all,"For very unhappy. Is there any cure for example, Jesus took a little ohild'in my timidity? His arms. To receive, care for, pro Answer—The cure for any healthy tect such a little one is to receive the person such as you seem to be must Lord Himself. To minister to one of lie entirely within oneself. Young the least pis to minister to the King. l is to human soix a women are not thus usually afflicted; To do good to young men are more so, at least more render high and holy seivide to God. young mien are than young women. Compare Luke 9: 46-48. in the 10: 3-1G. Citizenshipi - 1 't ai face es situa- Mark • s cal dutyto th It.is aux oe y tion until you become self-possessed. Kingdom of God., It is indeed the duty of any charming "The little children." The disciples and naturally amiable young woman had a high sense of their Master's to impress her gifts upon her social importance and of the value of His I circle. Comfort and fortify yourself time. He should be occupied only with with the reflection that the young men important people, people •of rank and you meet are, most of them, more station. Women who brought litti 'self-conscious than you. children to Him were not to be en- couraged. They rebuked them. Jesus should show signs now of maturity did get angry sometimes, and this was one of the occasions of His anger. and should be about ready to coo- "Let the children some,"He •said, "for of such is the kingdom 'of heaven." The simplicity, the truth, the trust-• fulness, the open-mindedness of little ua lities children—these are the q which shall mark those who are to enter in and possess the` kingdom. How much the words of Jesus in iF hf mence laying, or should be laying .ee :: early in November. This is the time of the year when — — the farmer, as well as the poultryman, marketseels surplus fowls. The writer has observed the many crates of chick- ens as they sit upon the trucks at different railroad stations over the For the man who keeps a small fleck province. What he has seen leads him of sheep a shed may already be et- these lessons must appeal to those to write a short article an the subject. tached to the barn for providing sliel- who have the care of children, What do these chicken crates con- ter. If none already exists, one may whether in the home, the school, the tarn? Nearly every one is crowded be built at comparatively small ex Sunday school, the orphanage, or the with old cock birds, cockerels, or old pence that will be perfectly adequate. children's hospital! Jesus pronounces. hens, Usually not a pullet is to he I have sheltered twenty-five sheep in highest eulogy upon all such service. in feet in kingdom. seen, or. if any eat all, there are but a •shed sixteen feet by thirty None. shall be greater in the lq ng few. ' This in the main is correct. Do size. This gives room, too, for the of heaven, none rank higher in the not overcrowd the henhouse in the fall, feeding racks. new social order that is yet to be, winter and spring. Cull out the ones But bad as cold is, wet ground is than the mother, the teacher, and the that should go to market. Keep only fully as dangerous to the health of nurse. The new age Is to be an age those that will improve tit: flock neat the sheep. Sheep are not an animal of faith, and it is children who show F a�g �;nr'�. t<.tstva� ..r year and those that will yield an in -`for damp ground. It is death to them. us the way of perfect i'alth. come over and above the amount of For this reason the sheep barn or shediLuke 9: 49-50, The Lesson of Co- on ht to be built on dryground. Some ut food Many ta cock bird is sent to market spites may be drained bditehes so that Co- operation. I the land will be dry. Wherever ie "We forbade him." In the zealous Gen that should be kept to breed from next mind of Jehn the spirit of intolerance seems advisable to pasture or yard sheep on ground that is naturally wet, is already g P drains may be put in yet this fall. All d Il year. - Many a cockerel that would im- p- prove the egg or meat producing pew- s er of the hens next year if sold in the neighborhood, is sent to market. So, h also, there are hens that should be lI kept. On the other hand, many pullets of are kept that should be sold for table sorts of disuses may follow wet feet. • Then, too, scab does a great deal of forbade him. He was doing good, or damage to our flocks when it once gets trying to, but he was not of their a hold in them. We cannot be too party. "Forbid him not," Joaus said; careful when buying sheep or other -i "for he that is not against' us if for flaming up. They slaw one trying to heal cases of insanity by using Jesus' name, he said, andthey " r use. cl What,then, are some of the points wise acquiring them, to see to it than us. observed in culling they are free from this terrible die -1 In every age and in every move- f movthate- down she flld be ba 1 d nun the flank? ease. No scabby sheep ever should bei latent for human betterment, the same n o brought on the farm for it is apt to, intolerant sprit appears. It would y First, the cock bird. If in is pure- agood laying strain, eprettd and infect the entire flock. Iii forbid alI activity ,but its own. 7t ae bred and from Y g would make itself and its agencies e if his progeny. are quick to retire. P P the only P ns (that is, if his cockerels feather quick - it ly, grow their combs early, and com- y mence to crowwhen six to eight weeks n of age), if he is vigorous and healthy,. if he crows often during the day, if he g is a bit serap:py, if his feathers are of ce good lustre, if he moulted early and ch. grew his 'neon feathers quickly—keep I: • him. it Second, what Bells should be sold? r, Send to mau'ketthose hens that moult- - ed in July Or in August. If a hen is - carrying her old feathers at the time at this is being written, keep her. A y good laying hen moults late in the d- year, She drops all of het feathers d at a time. It a hen laid well last r winter, no matter what her appear - .e arise isnow, keep her. She will lin eah 1 that de neat' the heat and frosty injury those in the outer parts of the car. Pongee silk is the product of Chin- ese silk worms witiclt feed on oak leaves and produce fibre of a naturally yellow lute, r 5 •s r' THE CHEERFUl. CiERUB aeoa....e.... I have a conscience, stern a.nd hard . I wish that I had It will not be a. sport •at all -- - It 'always spoils rriy Fvrn. 11.aR l1 soils the race that is affected by et and the wool becomes "tagged" or glued together. Even to come in con- tect with one of these tags from in- fected sheep is apt to convey the dis- ease to well sheep. The disease may also be transmitted by healthy sheep"by those who differ from ns. We touching posts or trees against which learn in every forward movement to scabby sheep have rubbed. As ei co-operate heartily with all ether peo- source of real suffering scab is a fear- pie and institutions which have the fur thing. same end in view. We learn that _nee God's workmen are in many fields, Trees are being systemaiicelly and that name, eor form, or party planted along the great wall n£ China. feeling should never binder the fullest ood for China! and freest co-operation in every good Powdered charcoal is good material work. Of this passage, W. N. Clarke to mix with potting soil. It affords writes; "Jesus expressly told His fol - good drainage, retains moisture and lowers to recognize as their brother tends to keep the soil from becoming the man who was doing His work,. acid. though he might not follow with them cn do it in their way. All exclusive •' nism as if one's' own sect true rereseutataves.of 'Jesus Christ. The words of Jesus lift us out of the strife of parties and of sects, We learn tolerance and gen- _ appreciation of the Rood clone prove the flock. Market the tens as eeetar is are in full :featheranthat have tease Your Money were the whole kingdom of heaven, brilliant yellow shanks and b - In . as if one's own way of following Market the hen that stole her nest `yt�z% DEBENTURES Jesus were the only way, are here not brood of ' chicks in k and hatched a August. Market her brood with h.er. She is trying to fool you. She, like some people, gets busy at the eleventh hour:. Silo has fooled away the spring and summer, preening her feathers and admiring her own fatness and comeliness. Third, what about those cockerels? y Market the ones that were slow to develop.' Market the ones that are poorly i'ealltered. Open the wing and if the°primary feathers are long, nar- row ag row and pointed (the chick feathers) market all such cockerels. Fourth, we come to the "tug of war." Tito busy housewife wishes to keep about so many pullets for the year. She dislikes to kill or market a pullet. This temptation is great with icer. Often she reasons this way: "I want about so many pullets next spring. They are young; they will grow, and it will not cost much to keep thein, for I Will let them pick their' living." Remember, dear reader, this es all wrong. A pullet should' be fed heavily in order properly to 'develop a con- stitution that will combat the drain upon her heavy egg procluetion. It. costs too much to keep over a peer lot' of undeveloped or constitutionally w•ealc pallets. Pullets that -"are to be good layers Interest payable half yearly. only forbidden, but ruled out all e The iGreat'West Permanent by common sense and Christian senti- ment" (quoted ,in Peloubet's Notes.) ri Toronto OfficeD 6`OLc20 Kling St. West Luke 9: 51-56. The Lesson of Pa - -a.._...: _ t;nti.,e. A limited socntliY' el l•J trh ends Iva Sods for eatacbeep• enepica Free Highest spices Paid For RAW FURS int GINSENG Write for price lists and shipping tags 22 Years of notable Trading Reference—Union Sank of Canada.. N. SILVER 220 at. Paul. St 'Pi', =mitring, P.Q. TO 14 W114)301015&D00113 5 p ILLS. is ,sie' your. . -., a i Cee Fi ed Cir• a with Ulan. 'Sala des livery guaranteed. Write far Price telae IL), C't down incl phis. tame waiter ca,nfors The HALLIDAY COMPAtav,Lernited "Teem did not receive hint," These Samaritans acted very badly. Not . only were they guilty of -gross'' in- hosp°itality,, but they also showed un- reasonable and bigoted lmostelity to Jeuus and His disciples because they were going to Jerusalem.' So far did they carry the old fend between Jew. and Samaritan. In their anger the two brothers, fames and Sohn, would' have blasted them with fire from heaven. Perhaps they deserved it. But that was not Jesus' way. Judg- ment would overtake those childish evildoers soon enough. His ministry was 'one of grace and of forgiveness, not of destruction. The same attitude toward' our enemies, which James and John adopted, is manifest hn much of what we say and do to -day. Should we not rather cultivatespirit the s irit and mind of Jesus? Our mission in the world 0.a.. Christian men and as Christian nations, is like that of Ohtist, not "to destroy mens lives but to 'save them," The ,was, who mends lids ow=n Mist NANI TON rACTO Y 0IfTRICnd5PC CANADA nese can never get out. of einploymecr ,