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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1933-11-02, Page 7URS'DiAY, NOVE1M'BER 2, 933 THE SEA'ORTI� NEWS. PAGE SE'1E tyu�euu®ufa,uu�mn�-muq.feu i3 d14.te tf;ly s t s We can save you money on Bill and Charge Forms) standard sizes to fit ledger's, white or colors. It will pay you to see our samples. Also best quality Metal Hinged Sec- tional Post Binders and Index. The Seaforth News i Phone 84 agnou n�qq:euu�nn�nu�an�un�nn�me�un�..n �g ancomacessoascemanvessasausocomme A DOLLAR'S WORTH Clip this coupon and mail it with $1 for a six weeks' trial subscription to THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR Published by TEE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE POELISHans SOCIETY Boston, Massachusetts, II. 8. A. in 1tyou win and the daily good newsof the world from its 800 speclnl writers, nnanco, �edheotion, departments P women's 011beg glad htodrwelcome interests, your h0mes so fearless an advocate of peace and prohlbltion. And don't miss Snubs, Our Dos, and the Sundial and the other features. THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE Motown, Back Bay Station, Boston, Mass. Please send me a six weeks' trial subscription. I enclose one dollar (91). (Nome, pith`s print) (Address) (Town) (S e) D. H. McInnes Chiropractor Electro Therapist —Massage Office — Commercial .hotel Hours—Mon. and .Thurs. after- noons and by appointment FOOT CORRECTION by manipulation—Sun-ray treat- ment Phone 227. EARLY AFRICA 'Love of the sea and an overwheltn- iag desire to convert the heathen sent Robert Moffat to :Africa. In his fifty. years of service among the dusky trliaes he became a power in the Dark Continent. 13y :bis gentle tact, cour- age, inoxhaustfble patience, cheerful - mess, benevolence, an unselfishness ite carried British influence to regions aever before penetrated by risen of his =.ace. Lt ,i ' gtot eclip- sed dame of rigs t e Isar ec- p sed 2.[offat, but 'Livingstone could sever have done the work he did but for Moffat's earlier journeyings, lab- ours, and trials.. ,It was 'Moffat who introduced to the barbarous and cruel races of South Africa the arts .of peace and :industry with the more abiding bdess- uigs of 'Christianity. He taught tIte IBechuana and ITot- tentot tribes,among whom helived, all ,the simpler .and more useful arts al civilisation, and in so doing laid the ,fotmditions of those industries which have contributed so flitch to ;he development and wealth of the 'Union of ,South Africa. There was. no :particular reason why Moffat shoiid be attracted to the sea. His father's family had no association .with it, while his leather belonged to I 'lowly race, long natives of Ormis- ton, in East 'Lothian, and noted for their firm and unobtrusive piety, which she in tunn .inherited and pass- ed on 10 her son. 'When 'Robert was two years old,' fits :fatllier obtained a post In the fflusstotns, and the Iibtle family 'moved 'Ecom i0rilsston to 'Carrans'h•are, an she Forth, It w'ss 'hire that rabent saw and heard the sea, anis talked to tdie 'men that mastered it. It was here that the heard the eternal tales of ad- venture, the stories of she regions 3eyond., 'Tin a ,few years the boy ran ,away to sea, malting a number of coasting voyages with a 'friendly captain. At the age of eleven the sea was aban- doned, and he had six months' school- ing at Falkirk, after which he was ap- prenticed Ito a gardener. Although he had to work hard, he managed to indulge in his craving for learning .something of whatever he cane across, ,and he acquired an amount of odds and ends of knowl- edge which were to prove valuable in after life. IHe left home for Cheshire ,when he was sixteen, and on the voyage to 'Liverpool, which took nearly three weeks, he narrowly escaped from the press gang. At his 1101 home he carie under the influence of some Wesleyans, and was much affected by the new contact. ;Chancing one day to visit'Warrington, he saw a placard announcing a mis- sionary meeting.. This brought to mind long -vanish- ed tales of the Moravian Missions he had •heard from his mother, and lie wondered how he could serve the missionary cause. As a last resource he resolved to •go to sea again, and be\ landed among the heathen on some distant coast, ,HIe lost no time in arranging for such training as was needful, and was ready to forgo a part of his swages that he might have one clear day a week for study, 'His studies completed, 'he was sent by the London Missionary Society to South Africa, where, however, the governor was unwilling to allow 111m. to proceed beyond the limits of the Cape 'Colony. At last, when the gov- ernor gave his consent, Moffat went meth into :the unknown land of the 13echuanas. This people, when he settled a- mong thein, were ignorant and de- praved, 'Sorcery and witchcraft were the most spiritual forces they vague- ly recognised, and trite lain -maker was the chief representative of these. 'W'o- nreft did all the manual work., For a long time the work of the young missionary- seemed as hopeless as sowing seed among the stones and sand of their deserts. The natives were perfectly callous and indifferent to instructionunless it were followed by same 'temporal benefit, Give, and they would listen end praise; refuse their unjust demands, and praise w0u1t1 turn to ridicule and abuse; The canals he spade for watering orisons were destroyed; The country sui"er'ed from much drought; the fond was 'barren; the cane died'; the poor were reduce; to living on roots and. reptiles. Moffat was told he mist go. or be killed, 'The canals were blemled for the dry weather: the wells the had sunk had frightened away the cloud's. '\Ashen, after touch parleying, he r an u im n Gio is They came in at a thousand -a -day clip all through October, the leaves that were giant in size or marvelous in beauty of coloring and shape, from all parts of Canada where the maple grows. The response was to the unique contest, inaugurated by the Canadian Pacific Railway with a 'view to encouraging interest in the Canadian' autumn land- scape. Prizes were offered for the largest maple leaf and for the most beautiful. The idea was an immediate success from the moment of its announcement. Everybody got out into the country after autumn -tinted leaves and the railway encouraged the search, by operating Fall excursions, The loaves came= in ever-increasing quantities to the offices of In, T. Noltie, director of exhibits, for'tho Canadian Pacific. The photograph shows the process of spraying and mounting the loaves. Outstanding artists are acting as judges of the competition for themost beautiful maple leaf, they are: C. W. Simpson," RCA., R. W. Pilot, Al R.C.A., and James Crockert. J. ' M. R. Fairbairn, Chief Engineer, Canadian Pacific Railway, is judging the competition for the largest maple leaf. threw open, his vest, and, erect and fearless, exclaimed, "Then, if you will, you ,may drive your spears into my heart'," the leader of the natives. said he must 'have ten lives, and when he was so 'fearless of death there must be something in the immortality of which he had been spearing ,to then. That was the turning pfoint in !boaf- fat's work among the natives in that region far north of the Orange River. I-Iis hold on, their affections was stree,gfhenied vehon he 'found support from other tribes to help thein ,to withstand the attack of another war- like race, and later when he fought the lawlessness ,and violence of south- ern traders. A MODERN WAR -LORD Once again .the sometimes grinning, sometimes scowling giant Feng Yu- hsiang has copse into the limelight in 'China. To the intelligentsia he is a clown, but to the peasants, coolies and a few reformers he has been at intervals the hero of China's post - Empire po'1'itical melodrama. I last saw the ex -Christian General sitting on a stone in the court of a tiny temple of sacred Mount Tai, eat - in vaterntelon and winging barn- yard witticisms at Chiang Kai-shek, T. V, Soong, Chinese diplomats abroad and all modernized Chinese w'ho 'live in a Western house, pull on foreign trousers, eat with knives and forks and leap about smooth floors Clutching a wonvan—tliinlcing that makes then foreigners." He was re- siding on the sacred' Mountain under a parole granted him by Chiang hai- shek and Chang Flsueh-liang, who had defeated hint In the midst of the recent Japanese invasion he jumped the parole, made an unhindered triumphal progress through Peiping and proceeded to Dalgan on the 'Mongolian border, There he assumed command of the artnies which had lost their ' heads when Chang set off for Italy and which were cut off from Their base when the Japanese neared Peiping. ,By this daring series of acts, Feng injected his presence into the one sit- uation where conflict could arise sud- denly between Japan and Russia. To the east are Mongols who have allied themselves wsit'lh Japan and become part of the State of'l'Ianchirkuo. 'While Moscow will not .fight for the Chinese Eastern •Railroad, which is losing money, Moscow has no choice but to uphold the Consnuutist party its an affiliated part of the Soviet. Un- ion, Feng has been in Russia; his son was still in Moscow at the time of my last visit there. The General's anti- Japanese pronouncements since 1919 indicated to many that his sympathies lay with the Soviets. Recent reports of iris intentions have been conflicting but this is not unusual where This singular character is involved, More than any other of China's ma- rtens wear lords, all of Whom seem to have the secret of the phoenix, Feng demonstrates ability to rise from the ashes of defeat and contumely, More than any other he has been all things to all men, and yet more than any other he remains truly Chinese. 'Peng was born in a home so poor that even Chinese culture and tradi- tion meant little in it, The first cult- ural influence in his life was that type of 'Christian missionary recently des- cribed by Pearl Bucic. He once told me, in %Ienan patois, spoken with sometimes rumbling, sometimes bel- lewing voice, punctuated with unex- pected chuckles which startled the bearer from his seat, that at the age of '115 he saw an A11101c^.il. spinster beheaded by the Boxers, "She never moved tt muscle of het- fate—and she was only a woman!" was his .conn - nlen,t, It struck him that she had a good religion for a fighter and When mis- sion work resumed after the l3bxer flare-up the young giant, who had left the farm to become a soldier, got himself, baptised in the "May-7D'ay- SAnay"—literally the 'Beautiful Soc- iety" as the Methodism Church is tran- sliterated in Chinese characters. To Christianity, as far as he was able to grasp it, Feng has remained a great deal truer than most of his crit- ics admit. The narratives of Israel in- spired him tremendously. He saw himself a Gideon leading the Children of China against the Philistines; a Joshua resisting the enervating influ- ences of foreign customs, a Samuel. tramping out 'luxurious living and las- civiousness. He so captured the imag- ination of missionaries in China that a book was distributed presenting hive as the savior of Chinese, It is characteristic of Feng that when the church was becoming em- barrassed over lois anti -foreign utter- ances and Soviet leanings he saved it trouble by announcing that he was no longer to be considered a Christian— that he had discovered something better. Yet the only educated men he has about him today are Christians of apparently very high type. Feng's egotistical defections from every group with which he, has been allied have caused a large share of China's turmoil of the last fifteen yeat-s. Yet he is perhaps the most his- torical figure in that period. His dras- tic actions appear eventually as mile- stones in China's political evolution; the whims of Isis active, inconsistent mind become ideals taking perin'anent root in Chinese society. He was the first commander to in- troduce the ideal of discipline among China's rabble soldiery. He was the first to introduce education and school detail in the army. He was the first to make his men work as well as occasionally fight—a revolutionary idea to his soldiers. He was the first et introduce regular army pay, re- quire non-interference with the citiz- enry, payment for fond, animals and quarters. Funds for these he obtained of course, by levies upon rich land- owners and merchants, who came to hate hint as much as the populace heroized him. Ile was the first to sing patriotic songs and shout slogans, w•-hich he had painted in great letters an ancient city walls. He was the first to break down all respect for temples and rel- igious- precincts, turning then into schools or barracks, In a stentorious and often brutal way he emphasized what Sun Yat-sen had preached in scholarly fashion; that the codlie and peasant are the China that matters, His spectacular methods and farm- yard slogans prepared the way for the proletarian propaganda of the Com- munists and it is natural that for a time anyway Feng found himself en. rapport with Moscow, tit was Peng with his Old Testa- ment ideas of fighting, w^ho ended the gallant period of Chinese warfare in which commanders sought to bluff each other down btrt never to fight to the finish, called off the campaign on 'rainy days, gave advance notice of ar- tillery fire, and always provided a face-saving retreat and a job for the defeated. at was Feng who finished off the prestige of monarchism by chasing Pu-yi and the remnant of his Mancini court over the walls of the Forbidden City, completely ignoring the guaran- tees given then by the terms of abdi- cation.. 1Fen•gfirst made the headlines when ht 119119 he joined 'Wn Pei -fu in the la'lter's famous 'strategic retreat" atotthward to drive the Japanese -con- trolled Anlfe government nut of Pei-. 'ping. Wu raised him , in rank, theft became disgusted with his whims and side-tracked him in the loess badlands of West China; But when Wu was lighting for Itis life with Chang Tso lin, who had Come down out cif Man- churia, in the hope of succeeding M- ies, it Was Feng's regiments, then un- der the highest religious discipline,' that made an amazing march through the defiles and saved the city, I was on the front when they ar- rived and saw them refuse cigarettes and liquor, which, with women, were prohibited by their commander as pain of death. Pinned on their arms with safety pins were '"The Ten. Commandments of the Soldier." The climactic one read: "When ammuni- tion is gone hit them with the butts; when rifle butts are splashed use your 'lfists; when these are .broken bite them with your teeth. War is not war un- less life is givens" Between Feng and the scholarly, strong -tempered, cynical, uncommun- icative Wu there could not long be co-operation, and in \Amt's second trial of strength with his Manchurian enemy Feng attacked his chief in the rear suddenly, eliminating him froon affairs. Making an alliance with Chang, Feng for some time governed 'Peiping. giving it a picturesque clean- up administration, during which the old capital began to know paved streets, vice crusades and puritan re- striction of luxury. Gradually Chang pushed Feng out into the Mohammedan northwest and the Gobi Desert where he lost most of his disciplined army, For a time he visited 1'foscoa'. When he came back as an, 'ally of the Nationalists, and sent Chang scurrying to meet the bomb that ended his career under the overhead crossing of the Japanese railway at Mekden, he was leading a rabble which had scrapped the puri- tan and Christian discipline that made his forces unique. 'Feng soon revolted against the new 'Nanking regime, causing Chiang ICai- shek his bloodiest campaign, but from this time on he was just' another ee- oortunist war lord, with a force be- hind him dependent upon success for cohesion. A score of division com- manders and provincial governors of present Nationalist China, however, accord hint the kudos due the "Old 'Master." Ile is 11080 about fifty years old. In the heyday of his power Feng decided he must have a Christian syn Ulan as a helpmeet, and amid porch fanfare he courted and married a pro- minent executive of the Chinese Y. W.C.A. "But I didn't just put my old wife away when 1 decided to have a modern woman, as Chiang Izai-shek did when he became a Christian," said Feng. "sly old wife was dead," A NEW SYSTEM Bolshevo is a colony or "lab:or commune" lying in pleasant pine woods about 20 miles from Moscow. It is not called a prison and it should certainly not be so called but it is established for and largely inhabited ley 'thrice convicted criminals who in .England certainly would be in pri- son under .sentence of penal servitude, The colony is the scene of a bold and very successful experiment of giving to such criminals virtually complete freedom, in order to let them work out their owls social restoration, and recover their full rights of ci'tizensh'ip. The colony itself is indistinguishable ,frown tuny other modern Russian coin- enmity that has built itself round a factory. 'There is no wall, no ditch, ria fence, 00 boentlary, no guard. There are .factory buildings like any other, a factory cantee)t, a store.(nnn0- aged exclusively by recidivist ithieves) a central radio receiving station, blocks of ordinary workmen's dwell- ings, giving to families a little more space than is at present usual in crowded 'Moscow, and dormitory buil- dings for unmarried melt and for un- tnarried women such as surround nearly every new extra -urban factory in 'Russia., Che buildings are con- stantly being extended. those at the moment under construction involving an expenditure of 110,000,010 roubien, vvbie,h is met out of the profits. IThe colony was originally started to deal with the once appalling proh- Services We Can Reeder in the time of need BROTECTION is your hest ;friend, Life Insurance -To protect your LOVED ONES. Auto 'Inslrance— To protect yep against LIABILITY to PUBLIC and their PROPERTY. Fire Insurance= To protect your ROME and its CONTENTS. Sickness and Accident Insurance— To protect your, INCOME Any of the above lines we can give you in strong and reliable companies, 14 interested, call or write, E. C. CHAI'"1BERLA[N' E4sURANCE AGENCY Phone 334 Seaforth, Ont lens oft MoscoVo's,"homeless children" and is said ,to have provided the faun - 'dation for 'Ekk's fine talking picture, ."The Road tp Li,fe." 'It was' founded in, 1924 with small beginnings and no previous expert trice. It new reeives only recidivist thieves, 'generally between .16 and 24- years 4years of ,ege, and almost all with at least three 'con'victions. Entrants came frons, prisons of various 138901. 'They may apply for entrance to Bol- shevo, subject to election by the In- spection =tommissia'n which will be mentioned ,later, or they may' be elect- ed by that Commission, on its own in- itiative' when it visits' various prisons, the time of admission, a large pant of the last sentence of imprisonment is in most cases atilt f unexpired,.. The population of the colony con, sifts at present (a) of. about 2,000 thieves or ex -thieves (mostly, but not all, nien), some whose term of sen- tence to prison or 'concen'tra'tion camps has. not yet expired, some whose term 'has expired, - and many who have "fulfilled their term and have also been restored to full citizenship, but who remain in 'B'olshevo in pref- erence to going to work elsewhere; '(b) of the wives ;(numbering 500), and children (numbering 300), of men in (a), who were married eitherbefore they last went to prisan or since their admission to Bolshevo; (c) of a staff of educationists and factory managers numbering only five n ail; and, (d) of ,the medical staff: of the hospital. In accordance with the almost uni- versal practice in Soviet Russia, prac- tically the whole management of the colony is in the hands of the inhabi- tants, who form a "collective" (or general meeting), which in its turn elects every six months a sort of ex- ecutive committee or ,commission.' This committee decides all ;questions of management, subject to the right of the collective (not too often exer- cised), to reverse or vary the decision. The Inspection Committee mentioned above is appointed by the collective; visits the various prisons and camps, and selects (as already indicated), numbers of youngish prisoners -with bad criminal records, who yet appear ea its experienced eyes to be capable of reform. The mass of the collective will occasionally exercise its power to over -rule the selection, :Once an entrant is in ii3oishero, he leads as nearly as possible the ordin- ary life of a Russian porker. riHe 'dives in a dormitory if unmar- ried, in a flat if married; .be works in the factory or in fruit and vegetable growing for 'the ordinary wages of the Russian worker; he 'belongs to the 'Co-op" and shoos there at cheap;. rates like other Russian workers._ Careful investigation elicited only the following differences between such entrants and completely free men ur' -women (1) (Having lost their citizenship, they cannot be members of a trade union or of that proud aristocracy, the Communist Party-, until they have regained their citizenship. (2) ,Tice glen cannot marry either a girl in the colony or girl from out- side the colony, nor can they bring their wives to the colony if already married. without the leave of the col- lective, which is given or withheld on the collective's estimate as to wheth- er the applicant is likely to become 05 continue a good colonist, and on a consideration of his economic posi- tion; and is in any case not usually given in the first 18 months, (3)1 Their pay for the first few months (when phoney may be a strange and deadly temptation) is paid subject to a substantial reduc- tion. (4) Their pay is given in special coinage, only current in the colony, and they cannot buy playing cards,' or vodka or other intoxicants. The colony is "dry", and the main pre - entry social defects of ,the entrants are drink, .drugs and gambling, (5) They must be indoors by 11 p.m, Toothache and neuralgia are in- ,stantantly relieved with Douglas' Egyptian Liniment. A quick, dnre -re- medy. Also recommended for burns, sprains, sores and iisflanimation. ILidy-,I',m sorry for yes- 'avin' a 'usband that's evenlastin' singin'. My old man sings abart once a year, Her neighbor --I0 'is bath, ,I sup - 90581