HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1933-02-09, Page 7THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1933.
D. H. McInnes
ones
Chiropractor
Of Wingham, will be at the
Commercial Hotel, Seaforth
Monday, Wednesday and
Friday A€ternooiis
i:?taeases of all kinds success-
fully treated.
Electricity used.
ISLAND TRANSFORMED
'INTO FIIN81AIPPLE FARM
/When, :I ening tete imperialis'ti'c
flurry of the Spanish War, the •far -
,off reputblie. of Hawaii asked and ;ob-
tained annexlabi'on to the United
Stakes there was probably no one in
the world who ass'oeiated this event
with pin'eap!pees. L'as't year thousands
of acres once dovered with cactus
and used ,only for ,grazing a particul-
arly self-relia'n't breed of cattle, were
covered, . up hill and down dale, with
endless neat rows of ling -leaved and
• fragrant +fruit. 'An entire :island, 'Lanai,
has been (taken over by a pineapple
company. The father of Hawaiian
pineapple growing is James Drum-
mond Dale. The Doles have filgured
largely in Hawaiian !histo!ry; One of
the original ones was a 'missionary.
His son, like', so many ';other mis-
sionanies' sons in the islands, went
into •business • and also into . politics--
this
p'olitics—this was Judge Dole. James Drum-
mond Dole was his nephew and went
in '99 to Hawaii with 'bhe expectation
of :b'ncaning a coffee p'lan'ter. But
-coffee was not suited to the soil and
climate of the is'lan'ds, whereas pine-
ap'ples, already .'being grown in small
quantities for the domestic :market,
were. Young Dole started his life
work on a.six'ty-acre'hamestead twen-
ty-three miles .west of Honolulu. The
original capital of the Hawaiian Pine-
apple Company, which he formed in
1901, was $210,000. IBut he was as much
a missionary as his great-uncle had
been, though his efforts were not .de-
voted to inducing the native 3hwai-
fans to go to church, abandon can-
nibalism and wear calico wrappers.
He grew "pines" himself, talked his
neighbors into planting them, strug-
gled through the erection of the 'first
cannery and nursed the infant in-
fant industry night and day through
its first growing pains. From a 'pack
of '1','893 .cases in 1903 the (pineapple
trade grew to 200,000 cases in 1907
and 400,000 in 1908, This, -though one -
thirtieth of the pack for 1930, was
more 'than the American .market could
absorb. 'The pineapple growers, by
pooling their spare funds, raised mb:n-
eywith which to begin an advertising
campaign. The pineapple jointed the
California oranges and the Central
American 'banana among the tropical
and semi -tropical fruits which were
appeartn'g on almostevery dining
table. As the industry expanded it be-
came evident that the original planta-
tions would not be adequaite to meet
the .demand. Dole sent, experts' to
Phill'ip:pines, to Mexico, San Domin-
go, Malaya and Queensland, only in
each case to meet with disappoint-
Founded in 1900
A Can'ad'ian Review of Reviews
This wee'kty magazine offers a re-
markable •selection of articles and car-
toons gathered from the latest issues
the leading British and American
journals and reviews. It reflects the
current thought of both hemispheres
on all world problems,
Beside this it has a department of
finance , investment and insurance,
and features covering literature and
the arts, the progress of science, edu-
cation, the house 'beautiful, andwo-
men's interests.
Its every page is a window
to some fresh vision
Its every column is
a live -wire contact with
lifel
WORLD WIDE is a FORUM
Lts editors are Chairmen, not com-
batants. Dts-aeticies are selected for
their outstanding 'merit, illumination'
and entertainment.
To sit down in your own 'home for
a quiet tete a tete with some df the
world's best informed and clearest
thinkers on subjects of vital interest
is the great advantage, week iby week,
of these who give welcome to this
entertaining magazine.
"A magazine of which Canadians
may well be proud."
"Literally, 'a feast of reason and
a flow of soul.'."
"Almost every article is worth fil-
ing or sharing with a friend."
Every one of the pages off World
Wide is 100%d interesting to Canadians
Issued Weekly
15 cts copY; $3.50 yearly
On Trial to NEW subscribers
8 weeks only 35 cts net
One Year $2.00
„
(IOn trial in Montreal and suburbs.
also ini U:S, add lc for every week of
service. For other .foreign countries
add 0 abs)
nuent. Finally, like ,the meati who found
the four-leaf clover in his own
back-
yard after'searctng the wo�l for
one,
the investigators reached the conclu-
sion that the little island of Lanai,
just across the 'htanttel from Maui,
mightbe worth -a trial. Climate, alti-
tude and rainfall all seemed to .meet
requirements, and Incbisland was only
about ,ten (hours Steaming from H'ono-
lulu, Lt was, however, as unsettled
and uncul'tfvated as an island mutt
well 'Inc, II bad not changed much
since Ca'pt'ain ;'Cook's time. There
were no roads, no harbors, rio towns,.
no food and no adequate water sup-
ply. Nor was there any. ,perman'en't
population. Most of the good soil was
covered with a dense growth o'f cac-
tus.
Work was, however, begun. ;High-
ways were built, a harbor ,was 'blast-
ed out and 20,000 ,of the island's 90,-
000 acres opened to 'the plow. This
last achievement Was not easy, for
the cactus was difficult to uproot by
any ordinary methods. Finally an
experiment was made with two heavy
tracltors moving abreast and drag-
ging a heavy tog -chain between 'them.
That was the end of the cactus, Mow-
ed
'awed down over hundreds of acres,
crushed and torn, it soon died, dried
and was 'burned. The water problem
had still to be solved. But nature had
thou'ghtfu'lly ,provided Lanai with an
extinct volcano kndwn as Lana'ihale,
a 3,400 -foot cone in which an abund-
ance of springs existted.:A tunnel was
driven into•: the lava, and from this
tunnel there now come daily, a sup-
ply ,sufficient for .all needs. Then came
the 'building of a new town, Lanai
City, a Icornmuni'ty of some 2,000
souls. There was plenty of room and
the houses were planted in the midst
of phots al .grass shaded With trees.
The original cost of the island is said
to have been albout ($1,000,000, and
the program of improvements com-
pleted and contemplated will run the
sum up to '$'5,000;000. Besides the
town. A long concrete .wharf, equip-
ped with cranes for loading .the crated
fruit, is lighted and busy night and
dayduring g the rush season. The Lan-
ai pineapple, :starting at the planta-
tions far +above the sea, come's down
to the water in fleets of trucks, •haul-
in,gtrailere. "`Pines" picked during one
working day are loaded on barges the
same night and are towed into the
harbor of Honolulu ten hours later.
There they are put in tins before an-
other day has passed.
Lanai as a ,pineapple plantation goes
back only to 1924. That is to say,
the ,first steps toward opening It up
were taken in that year. The first
crop was sat harvested until :1909.
Atboutt 11,800 acres will be planted each
season until the full 20,000 acres avail -
are under cultivation. From a paint
on the norther whets one may look
down on a single field of greenand
brown four and a'hatlf miles long, bhe
straight rows seeming to rution and
on into inlfini'ty. A Hawaiian pineapple
field is indeed a'atisf i '
s y ng spectacle
for anyone who likes neatness. At a
little distance the long rows of plants
look like ribbed green patterns land
carefully dawn to suit the con'to'urs of
the land. In the ,distance lie rugged
hills and mountains, shutting in and
protecting the interior valleys. :The
climate is even miGder, incidentally,
than the far-famed climate of Califor-
nia. When the temperature sinks to
52 degrees, as it ,frequently does on
what Hawaiians consider a cold night,
the inhatbiftants retire indoors and sit
around .the cozy fireplaces with which
which every 'house, whether :of humble
workman or general manager, is pro-
vided.
The cleanliness of a pineapple field
is often a source of wander to the vis-
itor. The secret lies in the famous
mulch paper process. Once bhe earth
is ready .for planting, with fertilizer
well mixed in, ,merle -drawn .m'achine's
lay long stnips of paper across the
fields in perfectly straight lines.
Through (this paper the slips which
are to grow into new pineapple plants
are thrust, The paper blanket stran-
gles the weeds Close ,to the plant, mak-
ing cultivation 'between the rows an
easy matter, Itt also conserves moist-
ure about the roots and serves to
maintain an even temperature in the
soil. The device has been gnenally ad-
opted in the pineapple industry.
1n the pineapple industry, as in
most ,others, the machine is ttending.
to dis'ptace hand labor, No one 'but an
'experienced pricker, it is true, can tell
whether a fruit is ready for canning.
He does this by thumping it and lis-
tening to the sound, in much the same
fashion that an expert in the `United
States determines the state of ripeness
of a watermelon. But when the 'pine-
apples arrive at the factory, the mach-
ine system takes them over. :First ,they
are .sent through an apparatus which
nips off the ends and strips the cone
from the shell. Those who have tried
to peel a pineapple- by hand will ap-
preciate •what it .means to have a robot
do the same work at the rate of 5,000
an hour.
.From the stripping machine the
fruit is carried on a moving belt past
the trimmers, who clean off the the
base, and, on to the slicer and packing
THE SEAFORTH NEWS.
tables, where it goes onto cans ax -
'cording to grade and collor. All work-
ers here are women, dressed en ,white
caps, long white aprons' 'and rubber
gloves. The processes are swift. The
bine from the fresh •Cruet to the trim-
med 'eruvt an the can is about nlinety-
one seconds. Then follow the vacuum
process, in which the sweet pineapple
syrup if forced into tine pores; the ex-
hausting of the air, sealing and 'cook -
Mg, and the lacquering of 'bhe can, 3n
twentyeight'minutes from the time a
pii;e'alp'p'1e eniters the cannery it es
trimmed, +canned, cooker, and: ready
If or the consum'er's table,
IIn 1909, the expor,t's from the island
amounted to the considerable sum of
$108,43911103. The langest item, ;nearly
twoeehirds' of it, 'has been contributed
by the pineap'pl'e. All this happened
since Mr. Dole made his pioneer trip
to Wahiawa, the site .of leis first pine-
apple plantatibn, and where, as he
states, until he 'built hi'm'self a shack,
he "slept 'in the 'bairn wiith• the horse."
'Thus the land wiher'e the natives
once dug or gathered ,their taro, yanns,
sweat ,potatoes, coconuts and ,bananas,.
or where the cattle sbru'ggied through
an ate'hrwise ,unutilized •desert, is now
in many ,cases, almost from horizon.
to 'horizon,;'wiibh. countless rows of
pineapplles. Where the natives danced
and fought are now t'own's, scattered
houses and farms. ;Highways run in
places where a few years ago there
were not even trails.
WATER.
(Where there is nofresh water,
there can be no people,e no animal's,
no trees, and no crops; nothing but
arid wastes, producing the merest
smattering of vegetation, Seo ;that no
small part of man's time has always
been taken up with this question h
a water supply—a subject that opens
out 'in all directions. For .men have
never been willing to live Only where
water has happened to be; they have,
gone out to get it. Water has first to
be found. Rivers, lakes, gushing
springs, t t
nt ddy waterh,oles i'n the
desert, are there for the finding; but
many 'an oozing hillside or swampy
meadow may mean a hidden spring,
and deep in the ground are water -
bearing strata that give no outward
sign.- The traditional magician with
his wand, the "emblem o.£ power,"
still survives in some farmer, famed
throughout the countryside for "lo-
cating" springs, whose wand is a
kinked twig Of witch hazel pressed
between his thumbs. He and those
who employ hint are convinced that
the rod will bend in his hand when
he stands above water. He is des-
cended from Jacques Ay'mar of 'Grote,
who, in the fate seventeebh and early
eighteenth century, was the "most
famous of all diviners." The deep
waterebearing strata, however, do not
affect bhe hazel rod; they lie between
impermeable l
ayersofrock
.A
way of
boring through to them was not
found and used until 1950, or there•
abouts, at Artois in France. It is a
far call from divining rod to Artes-
ian well, but the handler o'f the rod
is probably not much oftener wrong
in' locating the silt for a well than are
the sinkers of Artesians. And both
methods are as likely as not to be in
use in the same village.
Water, once found, must be kept
from flowNin+g away. In ancient
Greece, for instance, cisterns were
prepared to catch the rainwater, just
as in modern Bermuda bhe flat
whitewashed roofs serve the same
purpose. No'wad'ays in larger coun-
tries local reservoirs do not hold en-
ough to supply the cities Gr cultivat-
ed land. Rivers have been dammed,
huge areas flooded, -whole tdwnships
submerged. Take the dans that are
being added to the water system of
New York City, at Ashokan and Gil-
boa in the Catskills; the tunneling
that is going on in central' Massa-
chusetts, or the greet dam of earlier
date at -Assuan in Egypt. 'The Nile,
by its yearly, muddy inundations, has
lcept its delta and a narrow strip of
its valley supplied ,with soil and water
for crops. Century after ,century this
water hes been preserved and direct-
ed in .basins and canals as best the nta
tives could,tilt it was felt the Nile's
natural 'benefactions left room for im-
provemefit, and the scheme for a dant
was turned fiver to an i'n'ternabiontal
conernission-lB.rstisih, eered'ch, and et -
alien. The work, intrusted to Sir Ben-
jamin Baker, was begun in :1898.
Since its final completion in 1912, with
the help of the barrages at Assiut, at
Esnelu, and in the delta, water 'for the
crops is regulated the , year round.
Thoughnot without sacriifitce. Above
Assuan,:the river spreads out in a vast
sheet, dotted here and there with wev-
ing green rose'tte's -the tops of sub-
mrged palmtrees, And, except in au-
ttnnn, when the dam is open, the col
-
1.111111.S of the temple' on the island of
Philae are standing in water nearly
up to their capitals. Huge as this
barrier is, the :still unfinished Hoover
lam across the Colorado river in Ne -
nada will cost ten times' as nisch. The
lay mind cannot even take in the dif-
ficulties of shell constructions, Think
of only one point: (vow to dispose of
the wafter while the darn is building,
'Modern methods of distributing
wafter have by no means done away
with the old New ,England bucket
from the well, the 'Eastern water jar,
carried to easily on the women's
heads, or the goat skin, which the
,Manocca:n waiter ,vender fills ,at the
public fountain, and hoists on to his
donkey, Along the Nile, an add,touch
is given to the old Way of carrying
mater in buckets slung from a woad: -
en pole that rests across the should-
ers, when at Wadi Hal'fta a man is
seen coming from the river with two:.
snodfern gallon oil cans swinging in
place of the bsiokets. Indeed, a jour-
tvey"up bhe Nile with its spectacular
contrast of 'green' watered strip and
yellow desert, is like a carefully stag-
ed exlhibit of the history of, water dis-
tribution. The sluices of the dans
and barrages do not ` turn the native
from his inemeneorial ways of bring
ing water to his fields. Here is the
oldest of well .sweeps, the s'had'oof (or
shaduf), A post supports the sweep,
which at one end has a large 'ball of
mud to counterbalance a b'aske't or
'bucket at the -other.- A man stand'ing
in the river, lifts the bucket and emp-
ties it into a smtal.l reservoir . above.
This process of baling is often re-
peated on as many as three separate
Tiers by different s'hadoo:fs, one 'feed
ing the other, •before the level of the
high bank and the fields .'beyond is
reached. Or round a bend of 'the river
is heard the squeak of the water wheel
e sound bloat is said to have ,h'a'd its
effect an Eastern music. This sakia
is a cogged wheel, turned by cattle
or buffalo that pace a leisurely circle
with a small boy to prod them. Its
teeth engage ;another wheel, vertical
'this time, whish pulls up an endless
chain of buckets, These fill and empty,
fill and empty, exactly like the well-
known children's toy.
THE QUEST FOR PLACER GOLD
What to do with the army of un-
employed' people is one of the most
difficult prdblems that has ever con-
fronted bhe' nations. One solution re-
cently offered by an American writer
is that many df these men and women
could be profitably employed in the
placer gold fields of California, Color-
ado, and other western state's.
Et is 'pointed out, that' unlike other
natural products, there is oto prospect
of overproduction of gold, but that
every dollar added to the : world's
store of the metal makes possible $10
or more 10' needed bank credit. Furth-
ermore, placer 'mining recjtiires aro
previous training or particular skill—
only labor—and panning for gold can
be done without extensive capital or
machinery.
'Placer gold is washed down from.
the mountain books and is more or
lees, concentrated in the sand and gra-
vel of stream beds. The searcher trust
find such a stream bed, and then dig
cut and wash the sands lying on the
bedrock. This stratum of sand may
be of any depth, but seldom will gold
be found in paying quan'ti'ties except
near the bedrock.
IO.nee the goldebeariug sands have
been located, the recovery of the me-
tal is simple, A method frequently
,used is "panning." The iron gold pan
is shaped like a shallow bowl and is
about fifteen inches in diameter and
four or ,five inches deep. The pan must
be free cif grease or oil, and the in-
side should not be touched with the
hand.
A good way to start is to fill bhe
van about one-third full of send and
:hen add an equal amount of water.
The pan should now be moved from
side to side, an inch or two in each
iirection, until the sand 00 longer ad-
heres to the pan, but is suspended in
the water. After the sand has thus
been thoroughly mixed with the water
the pan can be tilted sliglvtly, at the
same :time giving it a slight circular
motion so beetthe water and sand
will pour over the edge, This tilting
and oscillating causes the gold and
any other metals to collect at the bot-
tom of the pan,
When but a small handful 'remains,
nearly 'all the water can be poured off.
Due to the tilting of the pan, the sedi-
ment will collect in the fortis of a
small ridge, Tilting the pan quickly
from side to side, so beat the water
always flows in the direction of the
ridge, it will be found that the sand
will
collect at one end, while the gold
and other heavy metals will gather at
the other end.
The .go'ld and 'heavy metals thus ob-
tained car now be removed; from the
pan and stored in a receptacle, after
being permitted to dry. Olbvious'ly,
this residue is not pure gold, If the
mold is ,coarse enough, a-ith a magni-
fying glass and tweezers it can be re-,
moved by hand. Another method is to
add tothe residue a few , dope of
quicksilver, which will unite with the
told and form an amalgam that niay
he removed wihetu' the panning is tin-
ished.
'When the quicksilver : thickens and
no longer "rime easily, it is a sig-
nal that it will dissolve no more gold
and 'must 'be replaced with a fresh
supply. Much of the gold can be sep
arated from the quicksilver by press
Mg the amai'gain through a cltaanois
skin or buckskin.
ISilo'w, wasteful, labontous, the .only
advantage of the panning method i
that the rqu iplment costs but a trifle
can be transported anywhere a mean
can go, and no preparation is neces
nary aside 'from procuring . the grave
and dipping up the water. 'Tat is why
the pan is so necessary When search-
ing for gold. But when a gold -belting
placer leas been located, and by means
of the pan it has been proved that the
gravel is rich enough to yield a profit
other methods are adopted. The . cra-
dle, bhe "tom", 'the: sluice box- eats
these were used by the p'ioneer Min-
ers. Then came the hydraulic process,
and later •bhe dredge. 'The (basic meth-
od of all these devices is the same-
passing the sand over quicks!lver by
means of water.
IWlhere, then, should one search' for
a placer? 'Geologists have es'tabl'ished
the fact that nearly all of the Rocky
Mountains, from Mexico to Alaska,
contain gold. To find it in profitable
quantities is the problem, While In
the past expensive searches have been
tnade, these have not always' been very
thorough. Then, too, bhe conforma-
tion of the motuetains is changing to
a ,certain extent, The stream that half
a century or more ago yielded but a
trace 00 gold may today give worth -
While results. A study df some of the
standard works osi geology, as well
as the maps and pttblicatioh's will give
one a clue where to venture.
All this brings up the question as
to what sort of men should undertake
to gain a livelihood as placer miners.
One should have a certain amount of
money. Nat a great deal. 'Wlhen one
cooks his own food, and carries all
his belongings on his back, or that of
a burro, it does not cost muchto live,
k hundred dollars will finance a long
prospecting trip.
The young man, accustomed to
rough, heavy work slcillful with pick
and shovel, and with average intelli-
gence, would appear to be the ideal
person to undert'ake placer mining.
'Assum'ing that the gold standard is
to be adhered to, instead of the bart-
ering me'thod's of a century ago, the
size of the gold reserve must be in-
creased. Production and consumption
of all the things we use are new on
such a large scale that much more
bank credit is required than ever be-
fore. It must be obvious that one way
to increase this credit is to increase
the production off gold.
* * * * * * * * * * *
* NEWS AND INFORMATION *
* FOR .THE BUSY FARMER *
* (Furnished by Ontario Depart- *
meet of Agriculture.) *
* * * * * * * * * * *
Organization Needed.
"The need of the toour to the fruit
and vegetable industry of Ontario is
organization of the growers and co-
operation 'between the -growers, job-
bers and shippers of 'this .province,"
said 'W. 'B. Somerset, chairman, On-
tario Marketing Board, at the Fruit
and Vegetable jobber's Convention.
"The disorderly marketing of these
products, as carried an last season,
was close to chaos. One outstanding
exa'mple of what could be done, how-
ever, was explained to the convention
by 'Mr. Atkin, president of the South
Essex group of co-operatives, which
handle their 'marketing through one
central organization at Leanvitigton.
"In the •Leamington district there
are four Co-operatives, or Co-opera-
tive A'sso'ciations of Growers, .which
have erected central packing plants
and which camlbine 'forces through a
central organizattion for the purpose
of securing orderly distribution.
"The efforts of these organizations
were very successful last year, their
entire output being sold at good
prices, and jobbers were enthusiastic
in their praise of this work, Some
time ago the Ontario Growers' Mar-
kets Council offered to co-operate, in
every way passible, with other dis-
tricts farming similar organizations
for the same purpose.
"The 'Ontario Growers' Market
Council is at present endeavoring to
give leadership toward organizing the
Niagara District 'far similar purposes,
ei 1933. Jobbers and .shippers_ as-
sembled at the convention from. all
over: Canada offered to assist such
organizations, and give their active
support. `'Finally," 'fir. ,Somerset
said, "it is suggested that all the dis-
tricts of the Niagara 'Penins•ula should
organize to pack and grade uniform-
ly, and do all of their .marketing
through a central distributing organ-
ization, which they would support
vigorously."
For some years a group of Heidi -
mend County farmers under the dir-
ection of L. IB, Mehlenbacher of Cay-
uga, have been developing a, special'
selection Of Liberty Hitless oats.
The seed was originally secured from.
the Experimental Farm authorities
at Ottawa and gradual.ly,,spread over
several 'farms around Cayuga. As a
result of careful cleaning, the seed
each year has been brought up to
the higher government, grades, tIn
normal years the 'Liberty ";Hulless in•
Hladimaitd has been "found to ex'cee'd
the Yield of ordinary oats, .returns up
to 40 buslh, per acre, weighing close
to 50 lbs. to the busthel, being re-
ported. 'When it is considered that
the ordinary oats is made up of 20
per.'cerut. hull and this hull. has a
feeding value only equal ` to straw,
shill more weight must be given the
argumenit for the hulliess. D'urin'g the,.
past season; the oat crop in. Western
Ontario, was one o'f the poorest in
years and bhe Liberty 'Hatless along
with the other varieties suffered, As
a result, the expectations of the hudl-
ess growers , in 'Hai,'dtmand to produce
a large' seed supply 'have not been ful-
'fi'lled though there will be same sum-
p'ius over 'local' requirements.
The !British 'West Indies " ane .grow-
ing cotton with some •success. The
islands ,of 'Montserrat and St Kitts,
the former famous for lime juice, have
reported a good planting but no ex-
pansion of acreage, due to the general
depressio'n.
No better 'protection against worms
can be got. than Mi'ller's Worm Pow-
ders. They consume worms . and ren-
der 'the stomach 'end intestines .un-
tenable to them. They heal the sur-
faces that have become inflamed by
the attacks of the parasites and serve
to 'restore the strength of the child
that has been undermined • by cue
upon it.
!Want and For Sale Ads, 3 times 50c.
•
Here aria
There
"The decrease in freight car
loadings which began in -1930 has
continued almost uninterruptedly.
In 1931 up to the end of the first
week of December, 550 359 less
freight cars had been loaded on alt.
Canadian Railways thrm for the
same period of the previous year.
During the same period of this
year 376,016 less cars were loaded
than in 1931. The decline in pas-
senger business has been rela-
tively the same. The resultant ef-
fect 'upon
f-fect'upon railway earnings has
been naturally disastrous. For the
first ten months of 1931 Canadian
Pacific gross revenue declined
22.1 per cent. as compared with
that of 1930. For the first ten
months of this year now closing
there was a further decline of
15.4 per cent. The decline con-
tinues, and there certainly ap-
pears' to be no evidence in sight
that for many years shall
them entirely eliminated and our
earnings back where they were in
1928."--'kl. W. Beatty, K.C., Chair-
man. and President, Canadian Pa-
cific Railway, is his review of.
1932.
In the vanguard of the winter
vacation traffic to the South
Seas and the Orient, the Can-
adian Pacific liner "Empress of.
Japan" cleared the Narrows at
Vancouver January 14 with a
list ck 411 passengers.
Recent payment by Great Brit-
ain of $95,550,000 war debt instal-
ment, reminds old-timers of the
war days when $96,000,000 in gold
was shipped by Canadian Pacific
Express from Asia to England,
via Canada, and was carried across
the Dominion on a special Can-
adian Pacific train, having abso-
lute right-of-way. The train trav-
elled without lights' and was pro-
tected bY. scores of armed guards.
"Dark and uncertain as the out-
look may appear to ,the casual ob-
server, i still think that in this,
wider field the year has not been
without important developments
leading towards trade stabiliza-
tion and encouragement."—E. W.
Beatty,'K.C., Chairman and Presi-
dent, Canadian Pacific Railway,
in his review of 1932.
"Through intelligent education
the economic and social futility
of war will eventually be recog-
nized," is the view 01 Sir Norman
Angell, British economlat and dis-
peeler of war illusions. He sailed
recently by Canadian Pacific liner'.
'*Montrose" after a lecture tour in
the United States.
01 the 4,046412 pounds of can-
ned pineapple consumed in Can-
ada between April 1 and Novem-
ber 30, 1922, all but 158,583 lbs.
came from countries within the
Empire, nearly "half the total be-
ing from the Straits Settlements.
Illiteracy in Canada isnear the
vanishing point. According to the
last census in 1931, 92.34 per cent,
of the population of Canada over
five years of age could either read'
or write. Students enrolled in
Canadian schools in 1531 number-.
ed 2,642,747.
The Canadian Pacific Railway
Company's tax bill for the year
was almost six milllcu dollars.
bringing its total contriltutioo. to
Canada's tees collections since fu -
corporation to about $116,000,000,'
—E. W. Beatty, K,C., Chairesan.,
and President, Canadian Pacifdu
Railway, in his review of 1082.