HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1950-07-13, Page 3They Tried To Shoot
Albert Chevalier
With a comical little )tat set on
the hack of his tread, wearing Iota.
striped trousers, wooden shoes, blue
shirt and huge white gloves, a small
boy stepped on to the small stage
of a cafe in a working-class sub.
;orb of 1'aris and began to sing,
Staring at the ceiling and bawl.
ing at the top of his voice, the
diminutive figure shouted his way
through two verses and choruses
of a popular ditty.
Little Maurice Chevalier, twelve-
year -old son of a drunken house
painter, had started his stage
career.
But his first attempt as a come
-
diet) was not wholly satisfactory,
The hysterical shrieks and guffaws
from the Saturday night tiudience
of working people were induced not
by the skill of the large -headed
and small -bodied urchin, but by the
fact that throughout the song he
had consistently shrieked out the
words in a voice that threatened
to crack at any moment—three keys
higher than the piano accompani-
ment!
Only one person who was pre-
sent on that night in 1900 could
have foreseen, even dimly, that
this child, with no musical train-
ing, would one day have not only
Paris, but London, New York and
Hollywood at his feet, And that
one person was —Maurice.
Tried Many Trades
As he says in his autobiography,
"The ivfan in the Straw Hat" he was
never meant for the stage. He was
expected, as the ninth child of a
Poor family, to learn a trade. There
nos no artistic precedent in the
family. And since only three of
ten children born to his mother
had survived there were few to
bring in money to the household.
Maurice tried trade after trade.
He was apprenticed in turn to
15 engraver, carpenter, electrician,
doll painter; he tried his hand as
clerk to a paint merchant, and he
worked a machine snaking drawing
pins, But his mind was on none of
those jobs, He wanted to be a
singer.
Theexperienceat the cafe did not
daunt the child Chevalier. He knew
the laughter of the audience was
not kind laughter, but he left the
building more than ever determined
to be a singer. As he puts it in
his book; "At least I had _made
a start and the hardest part was
over. From tomorrow on I just
had to sing better,"
And he did.
At fourteen he was sole sup-
porter of his mother. His father
had deserted the family and his
two brothers had married. After
various successes and failures in
provincial shows. Maurice got his
first engagement on the Paris
Boulevard at the Petit Casino—
and failed. A summer of poverty
followed as work eluded him.
Then fortune smiled again with
a six -months' contract for nine
francs a day at the "I'arisiana"
Music Hall. And so to the Folies
Bergere—and a criticism from the
critic of 'Le Figaro' that did a
great deal to change Maurice Che-
valier's style. The vulgarity that had
succeeded so well elsewhere had
to be cut out. Laughs would, in
future, have to be born of skill
and subtlety.
Freed Ten Prisoners
Between the two world wars
Chevalier reached world fame. Then
came 1940, when France was over-
run by the enemy, Much has been
said about Maurice Chevalier's part
in the years of occupation, In his
book he tells the story of his re-
peated refusal to entertain German
audiences and of the one slip he
made that nearly cost him his life
at the hands of the Maquis.
Maurice agreed to perform once
at Altera Grabow, where he had
been a prisoner in World War I.
In return ten prisoners from his
cwn birthplace, 1lfenilmontent, were
to be restored to their families.
After the performance he returned
to Cannes, where be was living.
A German "Promise"
Then the blow fell 'Despite a
Promise from the Germans that no
publicity would be given to the
performance, the newspapers pub-
lished long articles on his visit to
Alten Grabow, They implied that
Chevalier had visited many pri-
son camps and made a tour of the
German cities as well. A London
paper stated he was pro -Nazi and
had sung everywhere in Germany
except in the prison camps.
Years passed, during which Che-
valier consistently refused to per-
form anywhere. Then another blow
fell, In February, 1944, London
radio included In name in a list
of French collaborators! Though
Chat.,p Milker—Grand champion milker Frederick Phelps, age 13, presented a "Key to .Health"
to Wanda M'.atuszczuk, queen of the Dairvlancl Festival. Phelps also provided the queen, and
•her attendants with the milk they are drinking, He milked almost 19 pounds of it in three
minutes,
one of the leaders of the resistance
' movement got a message through
to the broadcaster denying it, and
the name was omitted from the lists
after that ,the mischief had been
done,
Some time after the landing at
Arramancltes a man and woman
rushed into the post office where
Chevalier was listening to the radio.
"Maurice! Mauricei Don't go back
to your home. The Maquis are
looking for you—to shoot you)"
The London broadcast! And in
Cannes very few knew the music -
hall star intimately, He was some-
thing of a stranger—a refugee from
Paris.
Maurice fled on foot to Cedouin,
four or five miles away, where
friends bid hint for several weeks.
Then the Germans burned a whole
village nearby and the Swiss, Lon-
don and Paris radio announced that
Maurice Chevalier had been exe-
cuted at the town hall. To add to
the confusion, the German radio
confirmed his death, but stated
that he had been killed by French
patriots because he had sung to '
German audiences and to prisoners
in Germany,
Death Warrant Out
One day three armed men drove
up to the house in Cedouin. Maurice
was arrested and taken to Peri-
gucux for questioning by a young
Maquis fanatic known as "Captain
Double Metre."
It was abvious that given his
way "Double Metre" would have
executed Maurice there and then.
"Two months ago," lie raved at
Chevalier, "we would have had
the pleasure of exposing you our-
selves. We had orders for traitors
like you who have been condemned
by the court of Algiers. You know,
don't you, that you have been con-
demned to death? But unfortun-
ately we are no longer allowed to
execute the- death warrant without
a superior decision from Paris.
The interview ended with Maur-
ice signing a statement covering
Inc alleged collaboration with the
enemy, IIe was free so far as
"Double Metre" was concerned, un-
less Paris reconfirmed the death
sentence.
That confirmation never came.
Gradually, the cloud lifted. Maur-
ice Chevalier returned to the Paris
he loved. At fifty-seven he went
hack to work harder than ever—
back to the footlights and his straw
bat.
SALLYS" SALLIES
'So you got the answer to that
$64 question!"
Ship Stabilizer
Engineers are developing a sta-
bilizer which will take the roll out
of rotting seas, It's an old idea. Sir
fi'ienry Bessemer invented such
a stabilizer in the last century. The
present invention's _ purpose is to
provide a steady platform for naval
weapons and aircraft carrier land-
ing, It may prove to be a boon on
passenger vessels as a preventive
of seasickness.
The theory of the stabilizer was
developed more than a decade ago
by Dr. Nicholas Minorsky, Experi-
ments made with a model named
the U,S.S, Minorsky and built at
the New York Naval Shipyard in
1938, gave such good results that
Navy engineers decided to build a
device which is now being tested
on the minesweeper. U.S.S. Pere-
grine off the coast of Virginia.
Two large tanks are installed on
opposite sides of the ship. The tanks
are partially filled with water, and
the bottoms are connected across
the ship by a duct.
The instant the ship begins to
roll a sensitive instrument called
an angular accelerometer, flashes a
signal which immediately starts
pumps that force water through the
transfer duct to the tank on the side
where the roll started. By shifting
water front one tank to the other,
Navy engineers hope to reduce roll-
ing at sea by as much as 80 per
cent.
In recent experiments it has been
found that the cross duct of the
stabilizer should be placed above
a ship's center of gravity. When this
is done, the inertia of the moving
water in the duct aids stabilization.
BREAD TESTER
Chemists have devised a machine
which measures the freshness of
bread by squeezing it, a familiar
practice of housewives, George F.
Garnatz, director of the Kroger
Food Foundation, recently described
such a machine before the American
Chemical Society. A disc is con-
nected with a platform by a vertical
shaft. A slice of bread is mounted
under the disc. Into a flask on the
platform, mercury runs at a standard
rate. The increasing weight of mer-
cury progressively compresses the
bread until the standard compres-
sion is reached, Then an electrically
operated signal notifies the operator
that the flow of mercury is to be
stopped. The weight of the flask
and mercury is a measure of the
freshness or staleness of the bread,
because fresh bread compresses un-
der a lesser weight than stale bread.
Said one electron to another; "I
don't know you from atom."
New Answers To Old Riddles
About The Planet Mars
Because it is relatively near, Mare
has attracted more attention than
any other planet ever since the tele-
scope was first turned upon it, le
it alive in the sense that there are
intelligent being oa it? Iso the re-
gular appearance and disappearance
of white caps at the poles indicate
that snow falls there in winter and
melts in the spring? Are dark re-
gions vegetation? The questions
were discussed for the tttlt time
by Dr, Clyde Tombaugh, discoverer
of Pluto, at a recent meeting of
the American Astronomical Society.
Rack in 1877, Schiaparelli, a dis-
tinguished Italian astronomer, made
the first accurate map of Mars. In
the course of Isis survey he discov-
ered curious straight lines (actually
arcs of great circles) which Ise called
"canali." The English equivalent is
"channels," but someone passed on
the translation "canals„” with all
that it implies. Thus arose a con-
troversy ou the nature of the canals,
which has not yet been settled.
Lowell's Mars
The late Percival Lowell, who
founded the observatory at Flag-
staff, Arizona, went much farther
than Schiaparelli. His maps of Mars
have never been surpassed for de-
tail and for accuracy. He saw not
only all that Schiaparelli saw but
more, IIe was certain that the Polar
caps were covered with hoarfrost
cr snow, that intelligent beings had
sing the canals for the express pur-
pose of bringing the water from
the melting polar caps to temperate
and equatorial regions that could
bring forth vegetation if irrigated.
The planet certainly turns green,
the characteristic color of vegeta-
tion, as summer advances and the
arid Martian soil is presumably irri-
gated by canal water, according to
Lowell; it also turns red as winter
approaches and the canals dry up,
red being the color of dying vege-
tation. Along the canals there are
also spots which Lowell called
''oases" and which he conceived
to be the sites of great settlements.
As a class, astronomers rejected
Lowell's reasoning. The canals were
optical illusions to many; the polar
caps might be solid carbon dioxide
as well as hoarfrost or snow. Be-
sides, there was little if any oxygen
on Mars, so that animal life like
that of the earth was impossible.
Yet there is no doubt that Lowell
knew more about Mars than any
astronomer of his day and that he
trade it necessary to revise old not-
ions.
"Seas" Show Vegetation
In the first place, the "seas," the
name given to certain dusky mark-
ings, were found at Flagstaff to be
a mass of intricate detail quite out of
keeping with water surfaces. Canals,
for example, crossed the seas. Vari-
ations in the color of the seas oc-
curred synchronously with changes
in the Martian seasons and justified
the inference that they were vege-
tation.
The low oxygen content in rials
atmosphere of Mars has been in-
geuiously accounted for by Prof.
Henry Norris Russell. Ile has sug-
gested that the roelcs of Idars aro
ted because the iron in theta has
oxidized, which means that oxygen
has been taken from the ek, never
tc be returned. Some day the whole
platlet will appear a changeless rusty
PCU,
Dr. Tombaugh holds that the red
color of Mars is the natural color
of its igneous'ttocles and not the
result of oxidization of iron. To
Ism the "oases" of Lowell may be
craters left by the Impact of col-
liding asteroids. The great dust
clouds which have ben observed
indicate that there are winds. Hence
there must lie wind erosion, which
would level off the high walls of
the craters.
Most astronomers now concede
that the dark color that conies and
goes seasonally on Mars is evidence
of some low form of vegetation. Like
others before him, Dr. Tombaugh
suggests that lichens constitute this
vegetation.
But intelligent life on A1;:rsf Dr.
Tombaugh spurns the thought, He
is willing to accept the canals as
seal, but he will not accept theist
as artificial engineering works. Many
of the canals radiate front oases, To
Dr, Tombaugh the radii are just
cracks in the surface caused by the
impact of asteroids, Dr. Lowell,
however, insisted that tate radii are
geometrically straight line;, where-
as natural cracks, whether they oc-
cur in a sheet of glass or hi the
earth's crust, are never geometri-
cally straight.
Some of these controversial ques-
tions will possibly be settled with the
aid of the 200 -inch telescope on
Palomar Mountain, California, It
has been proposed that motion pic-
tures be made of Mars with that
powerful instrument—not ordinary
motion pictures, but pictures taken
at intervals frequent enough to ob-
tain a series of several hundred..
Iit such a series there would be
a few "frames" in which details
would be so clear that there could
be no mistake about them. As it is,
the canals have never been photo-
graphed. A trained observer has to
draw what he thinks he saw in
a clear fleeting second. The at-
n,osphere of the earth is constantly
"boiling" as heat radiates from the
surface, and it is this boiling that
snakes it impossible to obtain a
steady view of any detail of.Mars.
—Waldemar Itaempffert in The
New York Times.
NO SALE
A lady went to buy a drinking
trough for her dog. The shopkeep-
er asked her if she would like one
with the inscription, "For the Dog."
"It isn't necessary," she replied.
"My husband never drinks water,
and the dog can't read."
Canadian Scientists Discover New
Supply Source For "Wonder Drugg',
The first reported extraction of
the wonder drug ACTH from cattle
glands was announced recently by
a Canadian company, Frank \V.
Horner Limited, Montreal.
Company spokesmen said that the
success of the process after many
months investigation means that
the world supply of ACTH could be
greatly increased by large scale
extraction from beef pituitaries.
Until now, the very small quanti-
ties of this agent available to meet
the large demands of Canadian
medical research could be obtained
only from hog pituitaries in the
United States. Previous opinion
held that cattle pituitaries would not
be a practical source. Despite this
general impression the Horner lab-
oratory showed that gland for gland
the beef pituitary is just as good as
the hog.
ACTI3 (adrenocorticotropic hor-
mone), although known to science
for many years as one of the key
agents in the pituitary, regarded
as the master gland of the body,
first carne into prominence in medi-
cine just over a year ago.
It had been known previouscly
that it acts as a chemical messenger
between the pituitary and the adren-
als, two tiny hat -shaped organs
above the kidneys. It stimulates
these glands to secrete other hor-
mones which in turn affect such
bodily 'functions as carbohydrate
metabolism and water balance.
Through the work of such men as
Montreal's renowned Dr, Hatrs
Selye this pituitary -adrenal gland
relationship has been established as
a vital factor in the so-called "dis-.
eases of adaptation" which include
high blood pressure, certain kidney
disorders, and arthritis.
Then early last year, the Mayo
Clinic revealed the spectacular
effect of ACTH in arresting arth-
ritis. Since then there has been a
succession of medical reports on
the near -miraculous action of this
hormone in controlling other form-
erly unresponsive human ailrltents.
The material is potentially so
dangerous in the wrong hands and
the available supply so small, that
the National Research Council
keeps a strict control over its dis-
tribution. Because its chief value
is that of a research tool to study
these various disorders, ACTH is
used chiefly by medical investigators
and - is not generally available as
a cure for private patients.
"At first," continues the Horner
research director, "ACTH was con-
sidered to be a protein, perhaps as
complicated as -insulin, which - after
almost thirty years of use still must
be prepared from animal glands,
But recent studies suggest that the
activity of ACTH as it is isolated
from the pituitary is concentrated
in a small fraction of the product.
And there is, therefore, the possi-
bility that this simpler active portion
or portions may be prepared
chemically sotne day."
Countless thousands of arthritis
sufferers in Canada and throughout
the world are hoping and praying
for that day.
5
JITTER
THERE, MY SHIP MODELS ALt WAS AND
SHE'S A BEAUTY) NoWro sHow Ir
TO sustsl
WAIT'U YOu 55G t7 HONGY,..114 BET�
IT WINS FIRST PRIZE IN THE MODEL SHOW,
%Ts GONE!
JUDY, DIDYOUTAKE
ABoAT PROMM'
WORKBENCH?
By, Arthur Pointer
48mas
NONSORCO
BY
PMK eQ�CD
N4 BUT JITTER
WENT DOWN TOWARD
THE PARK WITH
ONE.
Dr, Leonard Mitchell (right), research director of Frank W.
Horner Limited, Montreal, who recently announced the first
isolation of ACTII from cattle glands, watches Dr. Lucien
Delcourt, an assistant, carry out one of the many steps in the
preparation of ACTH on an experimental scale in the Horner
laboratories.
Dr, Leonard Mittuelt (right), research director of Frank, W.
Horner .Limited, Montreal, who recently annn_rtnceci the first
isolation of AC".CII from cattle glands, confers with his assistant.
Dr, I..ucten Delcourt.