The Seaforth News, 1937-07-01, Page 3THURSDAY, JULY 1, 1937
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To Broadcast Ceremonies Prior to
"Salute to Valour" Premiere
IA broadcast of ceremonies in, con-
nection with the premiere of "Salute
to Valour," dt-Ificial Canadian govern-
ment motion picture of the Canadian
Legion pilgrimage to France and the
unveiling of the Vimy memorial,
which took place last July, will be
hoard over the eastern and central
networks o'f the Canadian Broadcast-
ing'Corporation ilJuly 9, from 7.130.p.m.
to 171415'p.n, EST, 'The picture will
have its Ifrrs't showing in Toronto un-
der the ,patronage of 'His Honour,
. Col, 'Herbedt A, Bruce, Lieutenant-
Governor of Ontario, who will deliver
a brief message to the radio audience.
Almong those who will be , present
daring the ceremonies 'will be Walter
S. Aliward, the 'Canadian 'sculptor
who designed and executed the mem-
orial, as well as a representation 'al'
pilgrims. Arrangements are (being
made for a reunion prior to the show-
ing of the picta're, and in order that
other pilgrim's throughout the . Do,m-
inion may participate in the spirit of
the event, the Canadian Broadcasting
Corporation is arranging the ,fifteen
n,ittute broadcast which will culmin-
ate in the arrival and greetings o'f the
Lieutenant -Governor.
Brig. -General John IA, Gunn is head
of the .committee completing the a'r-
rangemen'ts for the premiere Of the
picture which records many interest-
ing incidents of the pilgrimage when
more than 6!0010 amen and women of
'Canada paid tribute to the 'Domin-
ion's war stead.
"Salute to Valour" is miich more
than a visible record of an unforget-
table episode of Canada's 'history. It
is a vibrant presentation of every-
thing with which the pilgrimage and
the unveiling of the national memor-
ial at Vimy Ridge were associated.
'The story of the movement is told and
all the features relating to it are per-
ltr.ayed 'from that great moment on
J'uly 1G, 191316, when the pilgrims'
ships steamed out of :Montreal har-
bour to the 'boisterous alfhernoon
:when, as guests of the war .veterans
of France, thousands of 'Canadian's
enjoyed their monster luncheon at
the Invalides—the courtyard of the
tomb of Napoleon, in Paris.
'No detail of this absoribi•ng event
in Canada's post -tear life has been
omitted, (Edward V'IIlI fs seen in "Sal -
,ate to Valour" when a year ago he
was king. One sees the enthusiastic
acclaim with which the survivors of
the old Canadian corps greeted 111111,
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hears their thunderous cheers swell
into the skies above Vimy Ridge. The
,p claire show's Edward moving am-
ong Rhe pilgrims, smiling and mob-
bed by his delighted sulbljects. 'From
the rostrum on the steps of the mon-
ument he is pictured as he delivers
his heart-searching address.
Vagabonding Motorists to Speak
from Toronto
CRC's "Automobile Vagabonds," 'R.
H. !Perry, of Newmarket, Ontario,
and Graham b' clines, off Toronto,
now engaged in a trans -'C'anad'a mot-
or tour, will broadcast their experi-
ences incl impressions from, Toronto'
on July 14 alt 9;00 p.m. E!SIT over the
national network. The two travellers.
who are scheduled for six other
broadcasts from various points
throug'hou't the 'Dominion, will des-
cribe the country th•roulgh which they
have passed and relate human -inter;
est anecdotes in connection wit'11 their
journey.
Perry, a master at 'Pickering Col-
lege, and b1clnne's, Australian free
lance journalist, plan to visit each of
the :provinces, and after reaching' the
'Paci'fic and seeing a section of Van-
couver 'island, will return to Van-
couver to give their final broadcast
They also will be heard foto Sud-
bury, Wisrtlapeg, Saskatoon, Calgary
and Trail.
Calgary Stampede on. CBC Network
Western Canada's most colorful
and exciting event, the Calgary Stan,-
p'ede, will :be brought to a nation -
aides audience by the CBC on 'Jelly 9,
commencing at 9,00 p,m, EST, Gail
Egan, well-known to. western listen-
ers as a top-ranking commentator,
will be at the microphone.
One of the 'outstanding rodeos on
the continent, the Calgary 'Stampede
always attracts the greatest rulers
andropers'from both sides of the
border. Many world championships
will he decided during the six-day
show. One of the feature attractions
is 'the thrilling chuck -wagon race
when, as many 00 twenty-five outfits
compete in Ole exciting event. Mr.
Egan will describe one of these races
for the radio audience and will endea-
vor also to have some of the interna-
tionally known contestants—veterans
of many stampedes --matte do the mike
for introduction to the listeners.
Corporation Features Day by Day
Thursday, July '1:
7.30 p.nt. international exchange of
greetings between His Excelleircy,
Lord Tweedsmuir and :President
Franklin D. Roosevelt in celebration
of Dominion Day, From Ottawa and
Hyde Park, N.Y,
9,00' pan. Hon. Vincent .Massey Ad-
dresses the Empire. 'Rebroadcast of
BBC Empire transmission, From Ot-
tawa.
Friday, July 2:
7,30 p,m, Festival of French Maisie,
Little Symphony Orchestra direction
THE SEAFORTH NEWS
PAGE THREE,
Dr, J. J. 'Gagnier, with ,Annette Brun-
et, pianist. !Brom 'Mc,ntreal.
19.30 .p.m. "Atter Twenty Three
Years," Talk by A. G. Street, author
aott writer on farm life. From To-
ronto. •
Saturday, July 3:
1930 p.m. "Our II-Ieritage of Free-
dom." {Freedom of Association,' a
talk by iPaul Martin, M.P, From
Windsor.
1:0.04 p.m, "La Hacienda." Latin-
American music. Soloist with orches-
tra. direction Harry (Price. From Van-
couver.
'Sunday, July •t:
15.00 (His 'Majesty's Canadian Gren-
adier 'Guards, Baa,d caneert direction
Capt. J. U. G'agnier.' OB'CJNIBIC inter-
national exchange. From Montreal.
154115 pm. The Canadian Hamlbotir'g
Trio. 'With Blain Mafthe, violinist,
Charles 'Makin, ,cellist, and Clement
Hambourg, pianist. Prom Toronto.
10.100 p.m, "A'tl'antic N'o'cturne,"
Readings by J. Fronk Willis with Al-
an Reid at the organ. '10ron, Halifax.
\(onlay, iftriy 51:
8.30 .p.m. 'Melodic !Strings," Or-
chestra direction Alexander C'harhald
in. From Toronto.
9,30 p.m,"'Fighting Through."
Next in the series of talks iby those
who have been unenvp'loyed. :Fson,
Halifax,
Tuesday, Jolly 6:
9.,00 p.m, ",Summer Cocktails." Or-
chestra direction Cerro] Lucas, .from
Toronto.
9,30 p.m. "These 'Times." News
commentary by D':A'rcy .Marsh. From
Hamilton,
Wednesday, July 7:
3100 NBC String Symphony. Frantic
Black, conducting. From, New York,
9,(10 pm. "Automobile Vagabonds "
R. 1-1. Perry and Graham M dheti.
Third of : a series of broadcasts of a
coast to coast motor tour. From
Qu e'bec.
Close Attention Needed
Close attention should be given the
calving and farrowing pens. Failure
to render necessary assistance at the
right time has resulted in loss and ev-
ery calf and pig that dies makes it
just that much more difficult for those
that live to make a (profit on the
year's operation, The sooner young
pigs get out in the slln the less dang-
er of loss at three to five weeks of
age. Cod liver oil may .be feel to pigs
as well as chicken, to wand off
trouble. ,
Weaning the Litter
Natural weaning gives the best re-
sults With a litter of young pigs, and
to obtain this, Teed suitable for young
pigs should be provided in the creep.
.A good mixture for the purpose is a
half and half combination of middl-
ings and finely- ground oats frnn,
which the hulls have been sifted.
Young pigs will start to nibble at
feed at about two to four weeks of
age, and by the sixth or seventh week
should be eating quite freely. Cinder
such procedure shock incidental to
more ' ' b
,t rapt methods is overcome
and weaning develops as a natural
event.
Willow Blight
The pride of many farm hones,
are the ,beautiful willow- -trees grow-
ing in the front garden, trees many
years old which in many Caere were
planted by granddad or fathermany
years ago, The lives of these' beauti-
ful trees are now being menaced by
a destructive blight which is gradual-
ly working its way westward from
the Maritimes where it was first 110-
ticed. Lt has now reached a point with-
in fifty miles of Montreal.
'The earliest symptoms of this fun-
gus disease appear •on the leaves as
water-soakedspots Which turn grey-
ish and then brown and gradually.
spread to the twigs. Willow Blight
can be controlled by spraying with
Bordeaux mixture used at the same
-trength as used for apple trees and
potatoes. Three to ,five sprays are
necessary, the first being applied just
as the leaves come out. Prune dis-
eased trees when necessary only in
the winter.
CENTURIES 'HAVE CHANGED
POTTERS' END'USTRY LITTLE
'Two properties of that great and
widespread group of rocky and ear-
thy substances known as clays—plas-
ticity and the ability to 'be 'converted
by ,firs into one of the most ,indes-
trtrctible of ordinary :things—'are re-
sponsihle for one of the oldest 'works
making of pottery. Primitive races
tonic clay as they found it on the 011r -
face of the ground, or by some river
,bed, and spreading it out on a stone
slab, picked out the rocky fragments,
and then, 'by ,beating it with the
hands, stones boards, or even with
the feet proceeded to fashion it into
such' shapes as need or fancy dictat-
ed. 'Down through the centuries the
tools and methods 'remained of the
simplest fol+m, the potter's wheel and
the use of fire instead of the sun for
drying and hardening 'being the chief
iiutprovcnlents introduced,
:Nearly all races discovered these
properties of clay and fashioned the
material into some form, or another,
and early in the world's history pot-
tery making became both an industry
and an art. lin the Far East the Chin-
ese—the greatest race of potters the
world has ever known—brought the
art its greatest degree of perfection,
producing the marvellous, white,
translucent porcelain pieces, the won-
der of the mediaeval and modern
world; while in the West, in the pot-
teries of (England's Staffordshire
where at night the sky ,glow's red
1,rnn, the glare of a thousand 'tonin
tires. the industry has reached its
largest proportions.
1t was tumid the intense heat of the
fiery interim' o6 one of these Black
County kilns that Quebec's present
day pottery industry may be said to
have got its start. :1 the close of the
1096 century the Staffordshire potters
shipped to Canada some of their first
piece, of sanitary ware, one off which
arrived at St. J•Ohns, Que. There two
firms were engaged in the manufac-
ture of Rockingham ware (tea-pnt.a,
could not match those made in Eng-
land either in price or quality and
the business of the two firms was
proving none too successful, When
the IlInglish-made sanitary ware ar-
rived 1n St. Johns .bots, concern iis-
u'alized the huge market for this type
of product, for at that time the ex-
pansion in the West had 'brought ab-
out a tremendous boon, in building,
while, in addition,,t'he.re Was the fact
that in the 'East inside plumbing was
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SEAFORTH, ONTARIO.
virtually snlen'own. So in a few
months the two firm, had switched
over 'from the manufacture of kitch-
en utensils to the snaking of sanitary
ware, and although these original
small potteries have long ceased to
exist, their direct successor, known
as 'Canadian 'Potteries Limited, still
accounts for almost its entire ,produc
tion. The plant at St. johns is as
modern as any similar plant in the
world and the vitreous chinaware that
it manufactures ranks with the finest
That the present day ceramics inzlue-
try -can produce, Yet a thou'san'd
veers of Operation have introduced so
few changes in the industry that were
e Chinese potter -of some ancient dyn-
asty to spend a day there he would
see very little difference in the meth-
od of mannrfacttire ,tram that with
which he '100 fashioned his vases
many centuries ago. '
1 -laving been 'used to ,making all his
products with his hands and a ,few
simple tools, the might not understandi
the use •of moulds 'but he would rec-
ognize
elognize the potter's wheel, and al -
Omagh it is burned thy _ electricity the
could still fashion his wares on it tits
ease. In the three hundred and eighty
foot long kiln, 'with its great oil
burners producing temperatures of '2,-
31V1 degrees (Fahrenheit he would see
a great improveipent over the method
of ,firma used in his native village in
ancient .Cathay hut he would under-
stand its fu Orin jnat as he could
discuss with professional interest and
intelligence the mixture of the glaze
and the 'present clay processes of
glazing and colouring. IHe would no
doubt be momentarily taken aback
'by the loudspeakers which are sus-
pended from the ceiling to bring
111.11010 to the men while 'they work,
but 'he would express not 'the e-Iie,ht-
e:t surprise as the workers passed to
and fro carrying pottery of all .shapes
and -si0es on their heads, and indica-
tion of the primitive beginnings of
the ceramics industry which rarely
fails to excite the curiosity of the or-
dinary visitor.
In fact, almost any potter of some
long vanished culture would fee'( re-
markably well at 'home in a modern
powdery' (potter's word for ceramics
factory), for all pottery, whether of
ancient or modern times, is made by
the 'simplest method.
'('Ile 'first operation at the plant at
St. johns is the mixing ni the clays.
The vitreous c'hin'aware is made from
five 'kinds of china clay, three:
brought from l nglaiiid and two troni;
the United States. plats feldspar and.
flint quarried in Canada.
The formula used, iwhich is the
most suitable for the company's need:
was arrived at by the process of elim-
ination, for 'after centuries of experi-
ence, the ceramics industry is still
subject to the unpredictable behav-
iour of clays. ''Thus, •While this form-
ula has proved to he perfectly suited
to conditions at the St. !Jahns plant
it might fail altogether if the source,
of, the clays were changed.
Water is used in mixing to break
rip the heavy lumps and the resulting
Uralic' is then passed through screens
where such foreign particles as stone
,and coal picked :up during transit
irbm the ,quarries are left ahehind. "One
of the screens is magnetized to 'catch
the tittle bits of imbedded metal
which if not removed would result in
tiny rust freckles appearing ori the
finished pieces.
host of the water is then taken out
by forcing the mixture through filters
looking like' elongated concertinas,
from which the clay emerges in moist
1n this foram the clay is re -meed
,tits a measured amount o'f wader to
form the `slip" which is piped to an-
other section of the plant 'where it is
piztred into the moulds. IIt is in the
:raking of tine slip that chemicals first
enter into the process, for unless
small quantities of ,sodium silicate
and sal soda are added to the required
proportions of clay and water the
mixture refuses to 'flow, .Socliun, sili-
cate also improves the drying prop-
erties of the slip, a -.fact which makes
another interesting link w"th the .past,
for thousands of years a'go the pot-
ters •11 ancient,E'gypt am Arabia also
used salt, sodium chloride, 'for the
sante purpose. 1n doing 00 ,they were
stating use of a knowledge which
present day road engineers use in
building salt roads,
Im preparing the slip it is some -
limes ncecssary 10 add another chen,-
icai--rena acid—for sodb11111 silicate
,as .' all:alinc action which it is of -
tet' 11eoessai'C to neutralize,
The next .ten i> 131e luuuidin . X11
n,oal11 are made of plaster-of-Paris
!`b r'1, of Cn01'00. in revers', 4111r1
m
•-o4L1.111 a., the incl, larger than tl,e,
;tri - 1 .,1i 1 a, to take etre tli'
,c• the tlit
11 ,111,1s 'hat tiltm elerit cortin
liodc
01tno
• 'og , . \\ nrlctn Fr,111
'i"•t ;,'ices a 0051 :ran fashions
front a -.lid 'nlnek of piaster each of
the n ,u' l; necessary to make the
fiiliahC,1 10 ,lett. Upon the skill of
his p ki ,. t 1 ,r? 1'11. 171.,
Ind "(11(1(13 of firth pi -'0 1,f 0,111,lr`:
ware that goes out of the plat, and
as a spinning block nn the potter's
wheel takes shape ander his skilful
ind experienced hands the visitor
realizes that for all its 'modern set-
ting the ceramics industry is today
basically as much, of an art as in the
days When the 'Egyptian potters set
up their wheels on The banks of the
To make 'a modern water ,closet it
takes from 010 to a dozen moulds, de-
pending on the type, and while fewer
ntou'lds are required' for most of the.
other products, it is with this phase
of ,production. that 'most of the hund-
red and seventy workers are en-
gaged, They work in the same vast
undivided area in which all processes
but the mixing of .the clays and, the
making of the moulds are carried out
—an area which, with its racks of
finished' and partially ,finished prod-
ucts, busy ,workmen 'and odour of
moist clay, reminds the visitor of a
building construction Ij'ob or hasten-
ing preparations .for the opening of a
huge exhibition of sculpturing. It is
here that the loudspeakers may be
heard and the 'b,ricked exterior of the
kill may be seen.
The plaster"of-lParis mould absorbs
,most of the moisture '100111 the "slip,"
and after a period of a .few hours in
the ,moulds the casts are taken out•
and the necessary parts •for each pro-
duct pieced together, the joints being
smoothed over with fresh clay.- Light
brown in •colour and designated 'by
the general term .of "green ware" the
products which have now 'taken on
their final shape and are placed. on
stillages or open racks and left to
season ;for a period of ten days, dur-
ing which time they 'become air dry
and a'l'most white in colour. 'A'lthough
presmnalbly dry and changed in co) -
our the green ware still contains a
certain amount of moisture 5110 must
pass through the ,kiln where it is
subjectedto a maximum 'temperature
of nearly 23300' idegrees'to bring. ft to
its final degree of 'hard -nese and ab-
solute •vitreosity, and to earn for it
the title of biscuit ware,
The 'journey into the fiery ihe'art• of
'the loin, 'where the emaxim,um 'heat is
reached, and out again, is made on a
car and takes three 'days, .progress
being at the rate of six feet, the
length of a car, every seventy min-
utes. Sixty-two loads are always in
the kiln, as when one completes its
journey ro0n, is made at the " other
:end for another to start. Some . idea
of the .terrific heat is indicated by the
Pet that in order to prevent the iron
wheels of the cars from melting they
rare protected with a steel guard
Which sinks into the deep sand bord-
ering the track to form a coiustLnt
barrier against the heat, while, as an
additional precaution, cool air' is con-
stantly being pumped between the
rails.
Already absolutely impervious' to
moisture, acids or ibaoteria, the : ,bis
euit ware must 110w be glazed .to.'pro,•
vide that smooth clean surfacexwhioh
has no affinity for dirt or:germs and
which makes vitreous .. chinaware
,proof against 'everything including
they'pasdage of time, lin effect,. glazes
are simply liquid': glass , and hence,
have 'been known to .pgttery '•ina'kers
almost- as long as their 'solid brother,
rlAt St. Johns the mixture used' con=
silts of materials similar to those
used in the'boily of ,the ware ipltis
metallic oxides.of.lead, Yin, zinc and
barium. Unless it is tobe coloured
the biscuit ware receives its`'coat of,
•glaze sim'p'ly by 'being dipped in a
large tub of the liquid from which it
emerges .a „brilliant but not shiny
white. T'heti. placed back on the cars
it goes ,for its,final tide through the
kith, a journey which .rises up an-
other three clays but where this time
the temperature is slightly less in-
tense. At this heat the 'redoes ingre-
dients of the now molten superficial
covering fuse , becoming with the
body an inseparable homogeneous
01001 andas the car moves down the
,kiln, cooling by degrees, the glaze
harden, and brigihten:s until it
achieves the smooth porcelain finish
which it will retain for all time.
7'o impart colour to a glaze, or-
dinary pigments are used and the
only difference in application is that
it is sprayed on to the 'biscuit ware
instead of adhering during the pro-
cess of dipping. Six colours are in
papular demand in modern sanitary=
ware; jarle-green, the 'most sought af-
ter, slack, yellow, suntan, ivory and
lavender. 'Phis type of ware does not
1s yet form such a large percentage
of the output of Canadian Potteries
induced as the ,white 'Mt t the trend
',turd colour 1011 11 1s et•ident in all
household fnrui:things. from gas :i'
to 1` -tie toilet's are, is becoming: in -
i rely 1,II niticant :n imth •";i1
fixtures.
loss tri, is the last 'newts -t p
s'n 1 low, except for tc tng And the
.7f certain minor 010111 parts,
each product has tak:n about 'six
uttla
, , make, but a'tliousand years
hence itcouldbe dug up, from the
rhins of me esent na; y d
01711,
so11'capru'0 1A;rd,`hg hrcitenlcaanoe,
ebnla,t are `'•t i11 last forever.
1,