The Seaforth News, 1937-03-11, Page 7THURSDAY, MARCH 11, 1937.
THE SEAFtO RTH NEWS
1
1
1
I
1
Duplicate
icate
Monthly
Statements
We can save you
Charge Forms, standard
ledgers, white or colors
money on Bill ano
sizes to Bi
t
willyouto se our s o. .n
Etpay e am, a
,iso best quality Mesa; Hinged Se,
tional Pos• Binders and Index
The Seaforth Ne
Phorte 8,1
•t1
1
1
® j
.._.011 .....*1100...11“.••••••••0 , u. -woman
AMY "011111111MMUNIIMINIIIIIIIM
The portly man was trying to get
to his seat at the 'circus. ",.Pardon
rte," he said to a .woman, "'did 'I step
on yur foot?"
"Possibly so," she said after ,glane-
ing at the ring. "All the dephant-r
are Stid out there. You must have,"
"'.How much did it cost you to see
the opera?"
',Twenty dollars."
didntt know the tickets were so
expensive."
"They weren't, It was my wife's
new hat that was 'expensive."
THE WORLD'S GOOD NEWS
will come to your home every day through
THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
dm International Daily Neelupaper
It records for you the world's clean, Constructive doings. The Monitor
does not exploit crime or sensation; neither does It Ignore them, but
deals correctively with them. Features for busy men and all the
family, including the Weekly Magazine Section,
The Christian Science Publishing SsCtety
One, Norway Street, Boston, Massachusetts
Pleaseenter ftp subscription to The Christian Science Monitor foe
cperlod of
1 year 59.00 a months 14.60 3 months 32.26 1 month 960
Wednesday Issue, Including Magazine Section: 1 year *1.50, 9 issues Me,
Name
Address
•
Sample Copy os Ropers
RADIUM
'(By J. A. Cowan in The :C,I.L,
Oval)
By far the most precious substance
marketed in the world to -day is rad-
kim, The common standard of meas-
urement ds by the milligram, which is
once -thousandth part of a ,gram, and a
gram, in turn, is a sufficiently minute
unit of weight to be used in catoulat-
ing the avoirdupois of .pin+heads.
When, in 111312, it became apparent
that Canada was moving swiftly to
the dominating position as a radium
producer, officials of the Dominion's
Department of Mines trade some
striking estimates. Beside a grant of
radium, then worth $70,000, the same
amount of gold was worth 70 cents.
Departmental executives also esti-
mated at that time that total world
production of radium all told had pro-
bably not reached more than 550 to
600 grants, less thee -1.a pound and a
half. ,Of this, perhaps hall had, they
they thought, dropped out of eMur
largely as a result of it, use in lum-
inous paint. They believed treed it doubt-
ful if more than 2150 „rant; altogether
remained available its the entire world
for application M the treatment t1
cancer. lIt was a positive tact that the
entire amount in all Canada, when
life Dominion's dela s ' were diseov
reed, was .33 to 4 grams, less than the
amount which this L' MtIttry, within a
fewtnontlis. tciMl the producing every
30 days) It was also trot_ that there
was no producin sour:: of radium
either anywhere an the American
continent or anywher; within the Bri-
tish Empire,
The ;tory of 'the discovery has been
headlined in every Canadian newspap-
er during the last six year., Gilbert
LaBilie found veins of pitchblende
ore containing roughly $0 nihllgranis
of radium to the ton on the snores of
Great Bear Lake. six rules from the
Arctic •Circle. Though 90 milligrams
orf refined radium can be sealed in a
tube smaller than amatch, this was
considered by scientists as radium -
bearing ore of almost incredible rich-
ness and naturally ,created world -
w ide furore which incidentally echoed
thunderously in a number of broker-
age house board .rooms. This was the
start of Eldorado 'Gold Mines at La -
Bine Point in the North West Ter-
ritories,
But it is doutbtftel if any Canadian
mining development ever accumulat-
ed, by virtue of its discovery, such an
assorted aggregation of stiff 'problems
as this one did, To get ore out and
supplies or equipment in to the prop-
erty there were two alternative meth-
ods. By air, there was a. iflight of 11,11/40
miles north ;from 'Edmonton, After a
280 -mile trip by rail north from the
same city to Waterways, .Alberta, the
Concentrated for therapeutic purposes.
FOR READERS OF THIS PAPER
FRIENDS! We are combining our newspaper with these two great
magazine offers so that you can realize a remarkable cash sav-
ing on this years reading. Either offer permits a choke of top.
notch magazines with our paper, and, regardless of your selection,
you will say it's a bargain. ,
YOU GET THIS NEWSPAPER
FOR 1 FULL YEAR
CHOOSE
EITHER
OFFER
SPECIAL
OFFER N91
ANY 3 MAGAZINES FROM
THIS LIST
0
0
❑
Maclean's (24 issues) -
National Home Monthly
Canadian Magazine -
Chatelaine
Pictorial Review - -
Silver Screen - - -
American Boy - - -
Parents' Magazine • -
- 1 yr.
1yr,
- 1 yr.
1 yr.
- 1 yr.
- 1 yr,
- 1 yr,
- ti mo.
Opportunity Magazine - - 1 yr,
Can. Horticulture and Home
Magazine - - - 1 yr.
YOUR
NEWSPAPER
AND 3 BIG
MAGAZINES
ghis Offer-_
Gatiranteed15[
�L
TOW
NO CHANGES
FROM ONE
LIST TO
ANOTHER
PERMITTED
SPECIAL
OFFER NO2
1 MAGAZINE FROM GROUP A
1 MAGAZINE FROM GROUP B.
❑D0000
GROUP "A"
Maclean's (24 issues) - 1 yr.
National Home Monthly - 1 yr.
Canadian Magazine - - 1 yr.
Chatelaine 1 yr.
Pictorial Review - 1 yr.
Silver Screen - - - - 1 yr.
Can. Horticulture and Home
Magazine - - - - 1 yr.
GROUP "9"
▪ Liberty Mag. (52 issues) - 1 yr.
▪ Judge 1 yr.
Cl Parents' Magazine - - • 1 yr.
❑ True Story - - - - 1 yr.
❑ Screenland - - - - 1 yr.
75 YOUR
NEWSPAPER
NMI AND2BIG
MAGAZINES
GENTLEMEN: I ENCLOSE $..:.....:. PLEASE SEND ME
0 OFFER NO. IUndtcate•to$tch)0OFFER NO. 2.1 AM CHECK-
ING THE MAGAZINES DESIRED WITH A YEAR'S SUBSCRIP-
TION TO YOUR PAPER,
NAME •
ST. OR R.F.D...,...... ..........
TOWN AND PROVINCE .,........ ........ ,.. ....
THE SEAFORTH NEWS.
SEAFORTH,
ONTARIO.
1,2115-tniMe water route of the Mac
kenzie 'River system could be .used,
In addition to the handicaps of shal-
low draft, tricky navigatine and in-
evitatble portages, consideration had
to be 'given to the fact that the open
season each year was usually six to
eight weeks only. 'How both these
routes were efficiently developed and
how in that chilled and forbidding
landscape, a thine and mill, fully elec-
trified, were brought to the ,point
where, with 100 men at work, produc-
tion is now 75 tons a day, are all ro-
mantic stories in themselves. The
tr-ansportation and application of the
explosives required, which is the point
at which Canadian industries Limit-
ed first enters the picture, would re-
quire an entire chapter. Work uu•der-
ar,tnnd revealed, for instance, that
winter frosts penetrated more than
,ii)il feet :below the surface.
Romantic though all this is. it is
not the aspect which• most intrigues
the ,•huvi-t, Practically unknown t'.
t?tr 'ay man, succeeding sets in what
tett yet '• rated asCanada's.
most
extttin drama of chemistry hate.
been quietly played out. Now and
then the performance had all the re-
quire 1
e-gttire1 ingredient, of melodrama.
\\"lilt the richest ores knower there
Iva, no in Canada who lutea' the me-
th.,d n+ treating theft. The htirea•tt of
\lines at Ottawa plunged into the
task of iinding out. Belgian interests,
with -•,•.tree; of supply- in the ton ;o,
!mid a virtual monopoly on world rad -
markets, Ottawa ascertained, it
has been publicly stated, that n., help
wcnthi be forthcoming trout that
gmarter, and it was clear that if Cana-
dians were going to win this particu-
lar processing battle, they would have
to do it unaided, Iu additioo to ore-
treating, there ,were other probleme
of refining. The extreme rarity of the
mineral, the infinitesimal amounts in
which it is handled and the very com-
plicated nature of the processes would
all tend, w•ithi ut any other incentive,
to create an atmosphere of mystery
around it all.
'Eldorado ,started a .refinery at Port
Hope, Ontario, roughly 3,1100 miles
away from the mine and amid sur-
rou•nditrgs about as different as could
well be 'found anywhere in the coun-
try. The Bureau of Mines conquered
the ore -treating problems. Dr. Marcel
Portion, a noted french scientist who
began his radium career in the Curie
laboratory, came to take charge of the
processing and adapted to cotnpera-
tirely large-scale .production the me-
thods originally worked out by Ma-
dame 'Curie. Natnrally, even with the
refinery ,in production, the work was
largely eaperiinental. The first grant
took months to produce. The output
gradually increased but it teas not till
almost the end of last year that El-
dorado officials were ,prepared to say
that radium had achieved the status
of an indtts'try in Canada and that
production was on idi established bas-
is, ,At the present time, the capacity
of the refinery is being tripled, and
this .means that, when complete. Can-
ada will be producing radium with an
efficiency and in ,quantities never be-
fore recorded,
Without the chemical industries, no
radium could be produced. How com-
pletely impossible it would be is ap-
parent from the first glimpse inside
the reifinery. There is practically no
machinery, in the ordinary sense of
that word, used for radium concentra-
tion. The nearest thing to it is a filter,
What the visitor sees is an elaborate
and :painstaking chemical perform=
ance. The fact that six tons of chem-
icals are required to treat one ton of
concentrates indicates how elaborate
it is and also explains why the refin-
ery is located dlose to sources of che-
micals and thousands of miles from
the mine.
Eldorado's slb-arctic veine produce
silver -radium ores which are separat-
ed and concentrated on the property.
The silver concentrates go direct to
a smelter. The pitchblende concen-
trates are shipped its neat, small bags,
—miniature blackish hoops vaguely
similar to anthracite but lacking
coal's .hard lustre. The ore is so valu-
able that the bags in which it is ship-
ped from the north are also process-
ed, burned and treated as radiutn-
bearng ashes. The ore lumps, mark-
ed by a cu4•tous concoidal fracture
manganese, lead, silica, some sulphur
and about about enough non-metallic
material, as a rule, to hold the high -
,grades nicely together. ,After roasting
to rid the ,combination of sulphur, the
demi resulting dust is re -roasted, alter
mixing with common salt, to sittapli-
fy separation of the remaining sliver.
' The next one hundred steps or so
are .very involved indeed, consisting
largely of as strenuous and complicat-
ed a series of chemical reactions as
can be imagined. The dbtiective is
.gradually to separate the wantted ele-
ments front the undesirables and each
other, Shen finally to concentrate the
infinitesimally small amount of rad-
ium which is to be found in even. the
most concentrated ore. •
Broadly, the uranium. silver and
radium content is the valuable part.
The trick is to know which com-
pounds of these elements are soluble
in acid or alkaline sobutions of .vari-
ous types or concentrations and
which are not,
The solver or silver -lead material i
separated as a drab mud, But the ur-
anium is ,consistently colorful, and for
every pinch of radium salts sufficient
to coverta dime, there are tons of ur
anium, !I'i'ont the huge vats of dee
olive-green uranium liquors to the fin-
al bins of powdered sodium -uranium
compounds or the red-hot pots of
black uranium oxide in the electric
furnace. this processing is a matter of
striking colour combinations, The so -
(limn -uranium powders conte in the
bright yellow and orange shades cern
in the better autunut leaves.
The tank -house, on a zero day, with
the su.anting fog from the vats and
the meandering t dila ttf hone for sy-
phoning, looks like a erose between a.
gigantic Turkish h bath and the snake -
in a strange rust Tray. of latae
p
e!listr tint clay -like. blobs of adnur
come .franc the tilter< tthiele• a?ter
It•tn. e .
c a ground in gleaming white
puree tin hall mill.. As might be ex-
pected, the rotmnercial ti tie of uran-
ium salt,, widely used in the ceramic
industry, is due chiefly t„ their value
its pigments. Lenton -colored crystals
of uranium nitrate are also produced,
partly rine to the demand for them as
chemical curiosities. They are duor-
esrent tinder ultra -violet Baht
By contrast, actual radio to relining
is touch le:, picturesque ;teed utttclt
none laborious, though. as it flintier tO
popular interest, it is rightly a rout -
emit. undertaking. Understanding, of
it in improved, incidentally. by know-
itt what an isotope is. For a long
'time. scientists believed that no mat-
ter where an eleutent,--lead, for in-
stance,—might be found, it would al-
ways have the sante physical and
chemical properties. As it turns out,
chemical properties do seem to be the
same but one important physical .pro-
perty may differ. A cubic foot of lead
from one source may not weigh the
sante as a cubic foot of lead front an-
other. The word "isotope" is used to
describe this difference.
These different isotopes of elements
are quite constant in their weights
and at most there are only two or
three of thetit for each e+lrntent. Since
one of the decomposition products of
radium is lead, the lead in this ore,
when it occurs, is of special scientific
interest.
To separate all:tl purify a fewmil-
ligrams of radium is a laborious job.
1'o produce several grams a month,
as Port FIope is now doing, means a
cnntpartivele- enormous output. The
processes take many days at best and
the refinery practice is to complete a
radium batch monthly. It ,is. of
course, ntatttlfactltrittg on tt -laboratory
scale and the progress can be judged
by the size of the weasel used at any
•particular point. Rt the start, there
are tier, of earthenware crocks, work-
ing down gradually through smaller
numbers of smaller vessels to a row
of monel pails, Two open -pan evapor-
ators of glazed earthenware are fol-
lowed by sharp -snouted quartz dishes
attd .glass flasks, The vessels grow
entailer end fewer until, at last. a
handful of crystals in the bottom of a
beaker represent, weeks of work and
tons of the original ore. Fittally. the
radium is all processed int single tiny
dish of pure silica, one inch and a
granter high and one inch and a quar-
ter across, heate•I on a single small
hot plate in a glass -fronted cabinet,
As it arrives it) the radium labora-
tory. the radium material, acidified
with hydrdlm•,mic arid. is a bubbling
chocolate= -coloured batter, But a new
and vitally important chemical. not
present in the original are, ha.t been
added en route. Radium behaves
chrntirall vet's smelt like barium. In
the earlier separation steps the actual
amount ni rarlinut present isfantasti-
raltt small by comparison with the
other element.. Sin re radium and bar-
ium have a natural inclination to stay
in each other's company, the chemist
add, barium surd has a radihnt=har-
iuut combination in sufficient quanti-
ty far handling. Wherever the barium
goes. tlur chances are the radium will
be with it. This added guide really
saves the Clay for the chemist and per-
mits hint to reach the final stages of
refi•n,ing with a radium-rbarinnt mater-
ial, He knows that, though be may
be sending five thousand barium pol-
ice dogs to guard one radium sheep,
they will bring the radium home with
them,
The 'bar.rium, used to round up the
medium, must eventull'y be separated
from it again and this parting is not
to be made quickly, Only very slow-
ly .can the barium be coaxed away
from the radium. By a tedious sys-
tem •of fractional crystallization, the
radium .in bromide form is slowly se-
parated from its chemical twin, so
alike itt a chemical sense but so ab-
solutely different in its properties.
Strictly .peaking. no pore radium
s produced. There is practically none
in existence. !It is not necessary. Ra-
dium bromide, the final product at
Port FT'ope. is in the order of ninety
per cent. radium, which is sufficiently
PAGESEVEN.
woomwwommommossmommoso
0, fl, McInnes
Chiropractor
Electro Therapist — Massage
Office — Commercial Hotel
Hours—Mon. and Thugs, after
noon and by appointment
FOOT CORRECTION.
by manipulation -Sun -ray treat-
ment
Phone 29,7.
Looking not unlike common salt, it,
is seals -ti in minute glass tubes, each
holding- a few milligrams and each -not
much bigger than the lead in a dead
pencil 'These are stored in a block of
solid lead and in .84 to 48 hours the
the action of the radium discolours
the class completely, leaving it either
'brown ,n- inti plc, Fresh radium salts
,:•lots bri.htly in darkness but seen
to lose owe. of this visibly luminous
quahtt iii a shot.. time though the
ray , t'1 r,nt. r. continue for nearly
1,70u year:..
From Port Hope the radium goes
to the Rational Research Council in
Ottatra where its official strength la-
bel is attached, and then usually to
Great Britain where it is changed to
a sulphate and sealed•in needles, pia
gates or hone)..
What atttractel world interest in
Canadian rn.rliuui twits naturally the
bnnutnitaritot value of a mineral as
rare it, it is preci,:,u, and the service
tvitirh this ne,s iudn.try could, if it
became a successful producer. per-
form for cancer sufferer everywhere.
Thou; h this: dotes not seem to be gen-
erally realized, it is only within a mat-
ter of recent weeks that. those in
charge of Eldorado operations have
been willing to say definitely that
they had embarked on a regular pro-
duction schedule. Perhaps it is not
generally realized either how large
a part Canada's chemical industries
May in solving them. A description
of the processes shows how great this
is. The importance of the ,general ac-
complishment was recently summar-
ized by an internationality -known ra-
diologist. Dr. G. E. 'Richards, who
said that he considered this Canadian
achievement in making radium .more
plentiful and in cutting the cost in
half, "the greatest contribution to the
treatment of cancer in the life -time of
anyone now living."
TESTED RECIPES
Scalloped Eggs with Cheese
6 hard cooled eggs
4 tablespoons butter
4 tablespoons ;flour
2/ ,cups milk
ani cup grated cheese
1-3 eup buttered bread crumbs
Salt and popper
Gut eggs in half. Place in buttered
baking dish, .,lope cream sauce of
butter, `flour and milk, Add grated
cheese and seasonings. 'Pour sauce
over the eggs. Sprinkle top with
crumbs and brake in a moderate oven
(330 degrees IF.) until,brown,
Milk in Meals
Milk, the bone .builder: milk, the
tootlt builder; milk, the muscle re-
pairer; inillc, ' the energy producer;
milk. the health protector; in short,
milk the most nearly perfect food
should 'be given first consideration' in
planning the daily steals. The ways
in which a satisfactory amount of this
indispensable food may be included in
the diet will naturally vary according
to the tastes and food habits of differ-
ent families. In ease, where adult, do
not drink milk, the steals should pro-
vide the recommended pint of milk
in cooked foods. In this way half of
the child's milk requirements will be
furnished, and the remainder can then
be served as a beverage.
A ntillc dish a ureal is a good rule to
follow in every home, and in this con-
nection the Milk Utilization Service
recommends the use of the following
tested recipes: -
Celery and Mushroom Soup
1 medium sized head of celery
1 small onion
34 lb. mushrooms
2 tablespoons hotter
3 tablespoons flour
3 cups milk
Salt and ,pepper
Chop onion and celery finely and boil
until tender. Cut mushroom's in small
pieces and boil five to eight minutes
in small amount of water, Melt butter,
blend in flour. Add milk gradually
and stir until .mixture thickens. Add
celery, onion and mushrooms with
sufficient water in which' they were
cooked to give desired consistency.
Season to taste.
Cabbage Cooked in Milk
2 cups milk
b cups shredded cabbage
lea cup milk or cream
2 tablespoons melted ,butter
3 tablespoons flour
• 1'2 teaspoon salt'
Heat milk and cook cabbage Mit two
minutes. Add milk or creast. flour
blended with butter. and salt. Cook
for three or four minutes, stirrittg.:,
constantly,