HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1934-07-05, Page 7THURSDAY, JULY '5, 1934.
THE SEAFORTH NEWS
PAGE SEVEN.
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AFTER A YEAR,
!Germany 'has been filled with a
new hope since Hitler come to power
—a hope of better things both at
'tome and in foreign affairs, T'he.
country has chosen what the western
democracies consider a strange way
to its new goal—."strange because of
the strange 'circumstances appertain-
ing isnce :1'91119," say some observers;
"isndamentally, absolutely in keeping
with the !Germany of .pre-war clays,
which loved to be ruled from above,"
say others. •The supremacy of the
state and of a party is now acoom-
month :before becoming maser el
'Germany.
The person of the new Chancellor,
the nature of the political party
which stood behind him, the fact
that he had never spoken in the
Reichstag nor had even been a dep-
uty before acquiring his new position
—these things were sufficient to in-
dicate a ifundamental change in ,Ger-
man political life! They were, in fact,
an appropriate introduction to the
greater revolution which followed
during the succeeding :112 months,
As President von Hindenburg and
Herr Adolf ;Hitler stood, the one ho
the old Chancellery and the other MI
the new, and took the cheers of the
thousands who marched past in torch -1
light processions on that muggy Jan-,
uary night, scores of onlookers were!
asking themselves how long this'
play 'would last. ISomc gave it three,i
others six months; but few could
think beyond that,
The German Nationalists, the 'big
landholders and the big industrialists)
of the 'Herrenklub, it was said, were
giving Hitler 'his chance; but there
was no doubt that po'l'itical power
would really remain with them. This
view cannot be substantiated at the
present time, Every movement of the
Hitler (Government has only served
to concentrate political power more
strongly in its hands to the exclus-
ion ni all other parties or interests,
Hitler has. now` completed a year a.s
dictator 'of Germany. A year ago he
did not capture paver; it was sur-
rendered to hint, He 'ocntnanded only
195 votes in a !Reichstag of 3S2 depu-
ties. No party in the .Reichstag load a
majority. No strong 'Government
could be formed, The reins ,dropped.
:irons' the paralysed hands of Vdn
iPapen, and a strange .combination of
interests handed over the C'haneol-
iorship to Hitler: -The country called
for' a strong man who ihacl a clear
pbis'h'ecl, policy and who had shown a daring
Those whose ideal world implies determination. 'Shortly after 'he as-
freeclont of the individual, 'his right; su'med the Chancellorship, Hitler in-
to think independently in politics and! diced !President iHmdeniburg to dis-
-other affairs, will not ;find it in Ger-I solve the Reichstag. A general Bret
many today. Tliia is naturtul, since cher lion was: held' on March '5,' 193'3, and
creators of the third Reich have abaft- the Nazi vote increased by nearly.
doncd' that ideal during their first six mi!lio:ns over the vote of t(te pre -
year of rale, .for .one which they coli- vious election in 'Novemiber.
sider 'higher and more essential to 'But the Nazi vote was not a ma -
the ecu lige which ,is coming. jority� of the :voles polled. 'Methods
On'1Jan, 30; 11933, Adolf 'Hitter be- of terrorism were widely employed by
'came Chancellor. The office fromf the Nazis at this election. Under ,such
which Otto von Bismarck once coni-, conditions it was no wonder that the
Mated !European diplomacy was in- I\ azi vote increased;:
eo i,
trusted to a mart -oaf the p ple—'to Bu t the sig thing ,about the
:he son of a customs official of Bran- result of this election" was that in'
aai-ambit;n. Tlhough 'an ;Austrian, he spite of terrorism., the So.c•ial Demo -
',served as a c'orpora'l in the iGcrm'an rats polled over seven million votes
I
army during the war, and acquiredand the 'Communists nearly five mil -
lions.
'It is clear from these figures that
in the early -days 'oaf-Iitler's chancel-
lorsh'ip there ;was a a^ery large mass
of the German people 'who were op-
posed to hint and 'to his policy.
What is the position to -day in this
respect? lin a cqumtry in a state of
revolution it is always difficult, if not
impossible, to get at the seal facts.
On the surface, Hitler appears to
comntaud to -day the support of an
almost united nation,
The existence of a strong opposi-
tion in the country, as shown by the
voting at the 'March election, was the
first problem to which Hitler turned
his attention when he secured abs:. -
lute powers, A. dictator cannot toler-
ate opposition or criticism, 'So 'Hitler
suppressed every organisation which
Inas counter to hint and his policy,
The Social Democratic and Com-
niunist parties and the trade unions
were dissolved. Their property was
confiscated and thousands of the lead-
ers were - put into concentration
eaanpstmany of them were murdered,
wad others saved their lives by flee-
iug.from the country. The mildest ex-
pression of criticism of Hitler was
visited by remorseless punlst
elt,
The 'Nazi Brown Shirts were every-
where, spying on snspected persons,
and ofteii taking severe punitive mea-
sures into their own stands.
It is difficult to understand, in view
of the tact that half the population of
Germany were at that time opposed
to Ilitler, how it WAS that he met
with little or no resistance in carrying'
out his policy of suppression and ter-
rorism,
The seven million Social Democrat-
ic and five mullion 'Communist Voters
passit ely eubutitted, The explanation
probably is that these parties had no
effective organization 'for resistance,
whereas Hitler had a private army of
350,000 uniformed men supplied with
'arms and under the direction of form-
er army officers,
;Fourteen years of abnormal poli-
tical and economic conditions, pover-
tg and the loss of economic indetind-
ence to the middle class through the
inflation, had prepared the ground for
National Socialism,
flitter supplied the Hero worship
which ;German youth desired but
could not find.in the less glamorous
Republic. One must add, too, that
the dictatorial system had been adop-
ted in some measure previously shiner
l3ruening and later sunder von .Paper.
This naturally helped still further to
insure success far the dynamic -creat
a s of the Third Reich.
BY -ROADS OF BRITAIN
113ritain has many- ancient by -roads,
and to explore 'these is to go backand
'over the ages to prehistoric stays be-
fore the island had a name, Soule of
these by -roads may be ,followed for
miles, 'especiallyin Berkshire and
'Wiltshire, in Ilantps'hide and Sussex;
and in following them we may hap-
pily discover traces of early camps
and settlements, cif monoliths and
menhirs and stone circles, set up by
races who have Tong since vanished
from mortal ken. Among the oldest
of 'Britain's byroad's are the Salt
Ways, ;From hazy days of antiquity,
'when salt was regarded a sa gift of
the gods, salt has played an import-
antpart in the world's 'history; and it
is not surprising to hear that London
probably came into being at the old
ford at Westminster because of the
great traffic that went o nwwhen the
salt plains of 'C'heshire and Worcester-
shire supplied the south df Britain
and the north of Gaul with this in-
dispensable article of commerce.
From ,Droitwich ,asaltwayc t.''Sa
'From ,Droitwich, a salt way crosses
the Cotswolds, :passes through How-
ling and Cold St, A'ldwyns, and event-
ually reaches the Thames -at Lechdale,
'Then there are the Drove Roads,
trodden d'o'wn by the feet of cattle
and sheep. Tice 1.-10'W11$ were seamed
with them; but perhaps the most
famous was the 'Drove Road, leaving
'Watling 'Street in Northvm'beriand,
crossing the !Border, and finally ar-
riving in Falkirk. !Once` this road was
comparatively! straight; but, when
tolls were im'p'osed, the drovers for-
sook elle old ways and traveled along
paths running almost pan.rl'lel, which
were known as tDrift Roads., In •Buck-
!ngha:msihire we have Welsh Ways
narrow, grassy lanes along which -
Welsh cattle were once driven to
'IJond'on. Between Banbury and No'r-
tdoampion there is a Welsh Road,
more generally knows as Banbury
'L'ane, a broad ;green 'highwiap in the
"good old days: much e appreciated
by drivers because it avoicled all toli-
gates:
The Pilgrims' Way, along which
the 'faithfu'l, in medieval clays,wend-
ed thein' way to the, shrine of St.
Thom EIS a Becket atCanterb'ury,isso'
Thomas a Becket at 'Canterbury, is so
old that it vanishes into' the .mists of
antiquity, Long before pilgrims snack
it famous to these latter days, primi-
tive men from the tranth of Gaul
landed at places we now know as
ii-Tythe, Deal, Sau•dtvich and Riclvbor•-
ongh; and, converging on the river
(Stour,' at the point destined to 'he
Big Canadian Firm Celebrates Diamond Jubilee
Fminded iby George and Mathew Beatty on June 15, 1874 and with agencies, warehouses, offices or
depots across Canada, in New Zealand, the United Kingdom and fifty other countries, the well-
known national and world-wide exporting house of Beatty Bros, manufacturers of washing machines
and farm implements, celebrated its diamond jubilee at Fergus, Ontario, location of the head office of
the firm, this month. A Canadian Pacific special train brought 200 agents from all over Canada,
including two from Great Britain, to take part in the demonstration. An interesting program Was
thoroughly appreciated and enjoyed.
Lay -out shows arrival of the special at Fergus with insets of w, G. Beatty and M J. Beatty,
respectively president and vice-president of the firm.
conte Canterbury, they marched west-
wards. So old is this !Way that, by the
time the Saxons landed in Britain, it
was forgotten, and had fallen into de-
suetude. We have cause to be 'thank-
ful to the pilgrims for restoring it to
history,
I1 is often possible to identify a
Pilgrims', or a Painters' Way by way-
side chapels and crosses, or their rel-
ics, One Painters Way- leads from
\Vincltcombe to Hanes:in 'Glouces-
tershire. It is still used, being the
'Shortest cut between the two places:
At \\ indicanibe a .place of import-
ance in'Saxon days, hennlf, Ding of
Mersa, founded a famous. Abbey.
One of Britain's most ancient by -
reads is the one known as the Ick.
flied \V'ay, running along the Berk-
shire Dowels and the Chiltern Hills,
crossing the Thames at S'treatley,
and vanishing in the vicinity, of Dun-
stable antiquarians ,have suggested
that this Way went on to N'orfo'lk,
!where the tribe of the iceni had their
headquarters ;before the Roman In
vision This Way has .given its name
to Ickvorth, Iekleton and .Ickluiq-
hant, and along it the flint industry
once flourished. It is said to have
originated in the Stone Age.
In Kent anti.' Sussex the Keg Ways
and 'Hollow '\-Ways are reminders of
smuggling days; and in Cornwall
'there are the Tin \Vaya. Tin mining
was one of the most ancient and im-
portant industries of .Britain; and like
all ancient things, it is shrouded in
myth and mystery. One legend says
that St. *Piran carte to Cornwall in
the sixth century, and discovered the
presence of tin in that country, :Pre-
stnably, that is wily lie was macre
the patron saint of tinners.
Tile borders of+Exmoor are honey-
combed with Pack horse Roads,
along which trains of horses once
made their way. There are also many
lie Yorkshire, easily picked' out by
'the quaint Pack Horse Bridge span-
ning the streams.
TREASURE SEEKERS,_
The amazing claim has 'been made
that a .Gernoaat .vessel flying the Bri-
tish flag has been engaged on suc-
cessful salvage work on the ill-fated
cruiser in which Lard ;Kitchener per-
ished on 'June '5, 1119116, off the Orkney
;Islands, 'Already, it is declared, div-
ers have recovered from the wreck;
£ili0,l000 inn .gold bads, valuable per-
sonal papers relating to Lord .Titch-
ener's !Russian mission, and several
!British. signal volumes. Last ;Fall the
mystery ship was supposed to be
docked at Konigsberg in 'Germany,
refitting 'iii preparation to embark on
a fresh salvage attempt, Three expert
divers—a 'Germ•an, au 'A,ust ifan, ;and
.an American—were said to be under
(Doctors' 'observations far set -ions us -
juries they received in. a fitted -slide
that followed a perilous deep-sea ex-
plosion when they were .blasting- their
,way into the -Ha'm'pshirc's strong
rooms, The salvage -claim was dis-
closed from a responsible 'German.
source, with detailed statements by
•the divers concerned. Salvage opera-
tions, it is stated, first began three
years age. They were thein unsnccess-
;Cul, though 'Phe Hampshire's :.position
was 'definitely Ifixecl. The vessel ,re -
'turned to Diel and a new and suc-
cess'ful attem'p't with the latest 'mod-
ern :.salva,ge- apparatus was made itr.
April, 19313;
To Whi'tefeld, a ,German cicep-sea
specialist, fell the strangest experi-
ence of this deep-sea drama. 'Vtrork
ing at 40 fathoms beneati tate' sur-
face 'he was the first to enter the
roost of the commander of the
Hampshire. 4s the steel door swung
open the body of a than rose from a
chair and—drawn by the suction --
floated past 'him and vanished in the
framework of the sunken ship,
The salvage vessel's approach to
the Hampshir'e's grave was conduct-
ed with the greatest secrecy. To avert
suspicion as to his plans the cap-
tain took a roundabout route from
'Kiel. The calculations and navigation
proved perfect. Once on the spot, the
diver went below, and within three
hours reported that 'he 'had again
sighted the wreck, For a week the
divers worked in shifts clearing away
the sand and iosud front the hole
amidships. 'then a sliver brought the
message that he had got inside and
reached a safe. All this times, the re-
port states, it was necessary to main-
tain a constant vigil on passing' ves-
sels,
es-sel •, as once the suspicions of the
authorities were aroused the ,gauze
gvould be up.:'13ut luck was with the
adventurers,.and eventually, after
.considerable discussion, it was de-
cided to plant three bombs over the
wreck 'and blow it up This plan was
carried out at great risk, The bombs
were placed and exploded. But when
the divers again descended to the
wreck a second, unexpected explos-
ion 'af ammunition in the Hamp-
shire's fore part hurled them head-
long into the mud, It was only their
'special steel :diving equipment that
saved then from deans. Though tem-
porarily unnerved by their experi-
ence the divers stuck at the task and,
working with oxygen -acetylene cut-
ting apparatus, finally succeeded in
raising a 'quantity of documents,
books, and £1110,000 worth of gold to
the surface in small airtight metal
caskets,
"The difficulties of salvaging the
I-iantpshirde are almost instu•ntount-
a'ble," said the head of the Biggest
private- firm of salvage contractors in
Britain. "It is almost incredible that
any diving could -be done in such a
treacherous sea as that part of the
Pentland Firth where the 'Hamp-
shire is said to have gone down, The
currents are terrible, and any diver
going downs to the 'bed of the sea in
that part is taking the biggest risk of
his life. There are currents and cross-
currents which make such a feat as
near impossible as can be. The dif-
ficulties hE do'i'ng are so b:ig there
that ,I cannot think ,af any salt man
venturing down, into the bed of the
ocean:"
'Tile British 'Admiralty said "The
Hamps'h'ire belong to B,ritaio , :and be-
fore anyone can begin salvage of her
it is ,necessary to enter into a con-
tract with the .A'dm'iralty; If these
salvage .operations are proved to 'be
going An, or to have been carried Out,
they are definitely illegal, and action
will most certainly be taken against
the :people concerned,"
BEING AN AUTHOR.
,The ,pt-olessi;oni Of letters is, prdb
ably, the most ;absurd 'occupation
followed by 'humanity.,•7:t 'has, at the
same time, been supported 'by, an as.
siunted importance net the least
among its'humorou+s qualities. The -ac-
tual tvnitin'g u'f 'booles is perhaps the
dullest of all possible 'tasks, 1t is
without any alleviating ti a al ties what-
ever. An endless activity, addressed in
practically 'every ;case to ;failure. 'Ev-
ery detail connected with it is weari-
some and stupid and dii,ficui.t. There
is no such thing Kos -a good, easy, ;an
uo'lab°red sentence; 'pattagraphs nat-
urally,
atu ally, ,arae far harder it:han sentences;
'whole. books more iulip.ossibie'of ac-
eoinplisbmetit than merely difficult.
The nne'cha'n'ics +o1 ,writing are so mon-
moneys that.. a life- spent upon them,
becomes infinitely less varied than the
occupation of dam -digging, Writing
books is purely an illogical process, a
ridiculous 'way to spend' the sho: t
time at the disposal of men. It is a
species of so'li'tary confinement with-
out the tangible restraint ,of 'bars and
bolts, 'imposed by an idiotic inner
vanity and dim hope, Day after day,
for example, year upon year, in the
morning ii; go to a small house I
.own, and there, in a room that should
he a rliningroom, I write; I write,
alone and without Interruption, from
ten until one, or tato—until fifteen
hundred words, in longhand are fir,
i hed—and theti, mentally exhausted,
physically oppressed and irritated, I
go back Mone for Munch. In the .after
noon, oftener than not, 'I write again,
fifteen hundred words. 'Practically
every morning of my mature :life ie. -
chiding Sunday, I sit down and face
two pens, one in a silver 'and one in
a black individual stand, and a pile of
blank books in pale brown paper cov-
ers. . The empty ,books are an my right
hand; they are moved to the left whea
filled; and, .no trotter how arduously
I labor, there :are always 'before ntc
more blank books than I can ever
master. T'he thin stream af ink run-
ning through my pens flora's from a
supply ,3 will never exhaust. Those in-
controvertible facts, petty ,enough, et/:
eittually -become 'burdensome. The
sheer effort of moving a pen over
page after page is not, in ltselif, ex-
cessive,
x cessive, 'but as an idea it is devas.
eating.
I do. not, naturally, mean that other
occupations are not monotonous, ear.-
tiaing, but I ant convinced that writ-
ing is marc tiresome and repetitious
than they are. 'What .makes this parti-
cularly difficult to support is the
widespread . conviction that niy -life
is an 'Elysium of idleness and pleas-
ure. When, in 'scarcely more than
twenty years, I 'have managed tt
write easily the equivalent of fiity dif-
ficult books .1 am not able to decide.
The public view of nie, rlahere there is
a public view, seems to believe that
I divide my time 'between buying
neckties, drilling champagne ,and
conversing, to express it mildly, with
the more ;beautiful ,fenrinine creatures
,of this and other lands, I often, with
envious reflections, think about the
'life 1. ant supposed to leach The reali-
ty; is so 'very different, The author of
movers—II ant spoaleing, out of my own
experience, of men le everywhere
held to be 'gay, a word that has cone,
in this .country, to mean amoral. Wd
men expect a nove'lis't to insult them,
They are prepared for ,it. Their atti-
tude, where he is concerned, is partly
curiosity and partly a preparatory re-
sentment, an air .01 waiting -for the
worst. The flattery, if 't'hey are moved
to flattery, is no better—women recite
their most primate troubles, 'usually in-
vented and always highly dramatized,
wtith ,the explanation, don excuse,
that 'only you could un'd'erstand then.
They, the troubles, are inva'riab'ly the
same—the women are bored -with their
existence; 'word for word each repeats
what all the others have said, They
'!told your Bland .and sigh,then ask for
some more champagne, or light a ci-
garette, The truth, :wholly different
from pub'li'c legend, is that women re-
gard writers, novelists, impersonally;
they look upon theist as' impersonal .
ind!vidtials.
Complete in itself, Mother GL•aves'
\rornt 'Exterminator does not require
the assistance of any other - medicine
to make it effective. It doe's not fail to.
do its worst.
Send us. the '•names of your visitors,