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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1943-11-11, Page 7THURSDAY, NOVFMDGR 11, 1943 TI1 + S1AFORTH NEW Froin War To Peace A. C, Pigou in "Britain," The phrase "changeover" is not altogether a happy one. It "suggests a single once -for -all movement, In fact, on the analogy of what happen- ed after 1918 we may expect, when the war ends, a process of adjust- rnent continuing for some time and comprising several phases, For the first few months, while the demobilization of men and wo- men in the armed forces and muni- tion works is being initiated and while the leaders of industry 'are ad- justing their plans and their equip- ment to the new situation, there will be pause and hesitancy, an interlude, a rest, a breathing space. But this will not last for long, During the years of war not only will many buildings have been dam- aged 'by am-aged'by air bombardment, bat a great part of our industrial equip- ment, lacking normal repairs and re- novations, will have been allowed to run down. The stocks of most kinds of goods held in warehouses and shops will have become much small- er than is customary in tunes of peace, Among private persons, clothes, furniture, glass and crock- ery will all be lacking. There will be a great need, there- fore, for industrial activity to make good shortages, at home, alike of cap- ital goods and of consumption goods, and there can be little doubt that our industry will also be called on to meet similar needs on the ruined and ravaged continent of Europe. Presently this phase, too, must come to an end, It must come to an end because when the requirements of repair, re- novation and restocking are, in the main, met, industry will no longer be confronted with an exceptional. demand superimposed on the normal regular demands of everyday life. The second phase of great activity is likely to be followed, as in 1920, by a third phase of industrial contrac- tion. Thus the chief difficulties in the change -over from war to peace will manifest themselves not immediately after the war stops, but some eight- een months to two years later, at a time perhaps when the country has become lulled into a sense of false security. }low can these difficulties of delayed shock best be met? The post-war slump, which started in the summer of 1920 and from which full recovery was never made, was much aggravated by its monet- ary accompaniments. When the war stopped the public, released from strain, turned to an orgy of spend- ing. The civilian goods which they wanted to buy being in short supply, prices rose enormously. Business men were encouraged to extend their. activities. Money wage rates moved upwards in pursuit of the rising prices to rise still further. This process could not continue indefinitely. So soon as the most ur- gent needs for repairs, renovation and restocking were satisfied the up- ward surge was checked. But when industry is geared to rapidly rising prices, the rise cannot simply stop. For as it stops, such losses are incurred by those who have reckoned on its continuing that confidence is sapped and a downward movement started, In 1920-21 prices :fell rapidly. But money wage rates were resistant and lagged behind. Hence profits in near- ly all industries dwindled and in many vanished. The inevitable con- sequence was a violent oontraotion in industrial activity and an abnorm- ally high level of unemployment, Thus the monetary boom of 1919-20 was largely responsible for the viol- ent monetary slump and the indus- trial disorganization that followed, The moral is that, when this war ends, every effort must be made to prevent a monetary boom from dev- eloping. So long as civilian goods are in short supply the public should be persuaded to hold back their ex- cess spending by propaganda; they should be compelled to hold back by continued rationing and price con- trol. But this is not all. No matter how skilfully the monetary machine 11 operated, it is unlikely that by it alone our industry can be carried safely through the period of post- war delayed shock. Other weapons also will be needed, and these should be forged and held ready. I Thus, in .50 far as public authori- ties, central and local, directly en- gage work -people or encourage oth- ers to do so by means of subsidies, their action should be so timed as to coincide with and offset slackness in private demand. The building of new houses, for example, slould not except of course where there is great urgency, be rushed forward immed- iately the war is over, but rather be held back till the first phase of post- war activity is coming to an end. It will be necessary also to face the difficult problem of transfer - once. It is practically certain that, as things settle down after the war, the proportions trained to this or that skill and living in this or that place will be found not to fit the new peace -time needs. Retraining and transference on a large scale will be required. Where- as, however, in the change -over from peace to war the kinds of retraining and the directions of transfer that will be useful are easily foreseen, in the change -over back to peace this is not so; and mistakes are bound to be made. Nonetheless, it is the clear duty of the appropriate government departments to take thought in these matters and to prepare adequate plans well in advance. After 1920 large pools of unwant- ed labor, with many men out of work for years together, were allow- ed to stagnate in depressed areas and decayed trades. This must not happen a second time. Certified Seed Potatoes Now Under Price Ceilings A big mistake many table potato growers make is to think that any potatoes of good appearance will make good seed potatoes. The fact is Potatoes carry virus diseases which cannot be recognized in the tuber but which seriously decrease the yield and quality of the crop. The potato crop in - Canada in Duplicate Monthly Statements) 15111111111161111® We can save you money on B111 and Charge Forms, standard sizes to fit Ledgers, white or colors. It will pay you to see our samples. Also best quality Metal Hinged Sec- tional Post Binders and Index The Sear rth ;YNews 1943 averaged only 135 bushels an acre, which leaves a very small mar- gin of profit for the producer. It is, moreover, not economical to plant poor seed, beeause of the increased acreage and labour required for the crops that are so urgently needed in wartime. By means of seed potato inspection conducted by the Plant Protection Division, Dominion De- partment of Agriculture, in all the provinces, experienced growers are assisted in the production of Certi- fied Seed Potatoes sufficiently free from virus diseases to produce high and profitable yields of table potat- oes, and also in the production .of Foundation and Foundation A seed Potatoes which are required for planting by seed potato growers. In a recent order issued by the Wartime Prices and Trade Board es- tablishing ceiling prices for potatoes recognition has been given to the va- lue oi• potatoes eerti(iecl by the Dom- inion Department of Agriculture as 5ee51 potatoes; "Certified" seed, which is suitable for table stock pro- duction, has a ceiling of one cent a pound over that for the table grade, Canada No. t. The higher quality "Foundation A" and Foundation" seed have ceilings over Canada No. 1 of one and one-half and two cents a pound, respectively, Canadian Certified Seed Potatoes have established a high reputation in several countries for quality and productivity. An increase in the pre- valence of disease -carrying inescts in recent years has added to the dif- ficulties and cost of producing crops eligible for certification, and that the higher ceiling allowed for seed pota- toes is a proper acknowledgment of a special and more expensive product. Crate Fed Chickens 'Worth More Money In the keen demand for poultry during wartime, crate fattening of chickens before marketing is apt to be overlooked. This means a monet- ary loss to the poultryman and less value to the consumer. The chief ad- vantages of crate fattening are that chickens gain more weight in the same time on less feed while being fattened in crates than they do on range; they grade higher and sell for more cents per pound than un - fattened low grade birds; properly fattened chickens of !:made A Milk - fed quality are the "repeat order". birds; their flesh is more tender and has a more pleasing flavour; and the fat that can be interspersed by crate fattening through the tissues and under the skin is far more useful in tt culinary way than is excess fat in the abdomen. A recipe for a typical fattening ration is made up of equal parts of finely ground oats, wheat, barley or buckwheat mixed into a fairly thin batter with sour milk. The chickens should be fed twice a day, with wa- ter oe milk available for the birds to drink during the day. All birds do not fatten in the sante period of time. Some of the birds will 'be properly finished be- fore the others. It is good feeding practice, say the Dominion poultry authorities, to separate the poor feeders from the heavy feeders, and give the poor feeders a few days extra in the crates. Send us the names of your visitors Nurseries help keep children, healthy, happy and busy while parents are hard at work producing supplies for United Nations 'aa1`,.:5.L Y ar lav' •: 'Sas •ti_ sew 1 a Tie '�En f r,;xl rr, j� fet A Nagle "•a Both for Price Shawn RA All Magazines Are for One Year [] Maclean's (24 issues) C] Canadian Home Journal 1.50 [] Chatelaine 1.50 [] National Home Monthly 1.5o 03 Family Herald & Weekly Star .......... .... ... _.. 1,50 [) New World (Illustrated) 1:50 11*Farmer's Magazine (4 yrs.)* 1.50 r) Rod & Gun 1.50 i] The Farmer's Advocate (3 yrs.) 1.50 r3 Canadian Poultry Review 1.50 I] Canada Poultryman 1.50 [] True Story 2.00 fl American Home 2,00 f] Sports Afield 2,50 r7 Outdoors 2.50 1 Magazine Digest 3,50 r1 Red Book . 3.90 '1 Open Road for Boys 2.50 1 American Girl 2.50 1 Parent's Magazine 3.00 1 Chris"fan Herald 1 Populzr Mechanics 3.5' 1 Popular Science 3.0' 1 Etltd± (Music) 3.2: 11 Sciei;ce Digest 3.8 1 Child Li'e 3.2" '1 w t 'r Ceclting & h omana king 1 The Woman ... 2.1, 11 butdc'or Lift- .•2.1.; nae to existing renditions sob:wne. ers should allow right wens briery expecting first rap?es of ifiitivnues VI:. t t'!.•; 1 : W. ) , el' n .mens with the mer zine pu!Nah -s",n and :.....1 t i ,t ba c.' - e.o... chi. 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