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The Seaforth News, 1943-11-04, Page 6r+.LIJ Sd..'.IA OI.TI• NEW S Thil1RSPAY, NQVEMBgRi 4, 1043 Supply Routes men had wagered their monthly sal - ReMap the Earth Cite tvoi•ld has been re -mapped hi three years. Never in history have transport systems been so extended, Skies and seas have been harnessed to serve armies, Virgin forbets, bogs of the sub - Arctic, frozern since the ice -age, im- pregnable mountains, jungles,_ trop- ical swamps,. and deserts—all have been turned into the highways of a fighting democracy. Between the Arctic, the Atlantic, and the -South- ern Pacific, well orer a hundred thousands files of supply ways are held open. How does this compare with Nazi achievements? At no time has Hit- ler been fighting on land more than 1,800 miles from Berlin, or from a major industrial and military base. When he imagined that be held Sta.'. ingrad, Hitler's munitions were coming a tenth of the distance of the British supply road to Russia. British supplies had to conte fifteen thousand miles, around Africa and Arabia, across Persia and the Cas- pian, to the Volga. In Tunisia, Rommel's and Von Arnim's armies were in close touch with their European bases. The shortest crossings of the Mediterran- ean kept them supplied. When the Eighth Army -was in front of the Mareth Line, it de- pended largely on 0 Bost of heavy lighters bearing -thousands of water barrels along the -coast, It was fed from Egypt, more than 1,500 miles away, The bulk of its war material carne from England round the Cape and un the Red Sea, across some twelve thousand utiles of hostile ocean. _nee the eighth century, -hen the leader of the Arab armies burn- ed his boats for the first conquest of Europe from Africa, there has been no militant' venture to equal in dra- matic importance the arrival -of the Frst Army in Northwest Africa, Its convoys had steamed 1,200 miles from Britain to Algerian ports, American forces were being supp- lied over 3,250 utiles of stormy win- ter ocean from the United States. A secondary supply line was provided by the military airway recently created from Takoradi, a small port on the Gold Coast, to the British Sudan and Egypt. A new skyway runs from Lagos to Kartounl, 2,050 miles apart. Six- teen modern airdromes strung over French Equatorial Africa and the Southern Sahara, service the huge transports which bring munitions ac- ross the Atlantic. Thus the slave -markets of twenty years ago have been turned into con- crete runways, Sacred cities, forbid- den to the infidel, have become re- pair depote for the fantastic mech- ancal material which makes war on a hemispheric scale, Some of the difficulties which they had to overcotlle, were a ruthless surf -bound coact, malaria and dys- entry, and the burning Harmattan— an East wind blowing for weeks on end and raising dust -fog up to ten thousand feet. Nor were their hardships lessened by the impenetrable forest prohibit- ino forced landings, and the Khamsin —forty days blistering sandstorm in Egypt. They had to contend with quicksand and the dread desert where heat cracks the hoofs of meat convoys. In less than two months a "rein forcement route" was built, and a pool of ferry pilots was created for the 4,000 mile journey from the Gold Coast to Alexandria. Not less remarkable is Canada's 1,500 mile air -highway from Edmon- ton to Whitehorse, capital of the sub -Arctic in the Yukon. Completed in the winter of 1040-41, it enabled United States fighters to fiy in four and a half hours from their own frontier to the Alaskan bases threat- ened hreatened by. Japan. It turned small fur -trading posts it the middle of square miles of ice- bound forest into modern town- ships, with stores, quick -lunch coun- ters anti modern airports. The corresponding military high. Ivey was completer) this year. It run- for 1.671 utiles from north of the American frontier to Fairbanks in Alaska, This 21 -foot wide road, where for- ests belonged to the grizzly bear, frozen swamps. to herds of caribou, awl the glaciers to rare golden eagles, was completed in just over six months by 10,000 American sol- diere working night and tray with 2,000 civilian laborers. Most spectacular achievement of the Alcan Highway was the building of the bridge across the Sikanni Chief River, The story will rank with tales of '98, For the exploits of the Royal Canadian Mounted, who police half a continent, have been matched by American Negro soldiers who spanned the Sikanni Chief in 84 hours. In the Arctic summer, these 166 cries that they would beat the eng- freers' tixne estimate. They worked the clock round. Whist deep in the icy flood, they drove in spruce piles and hammered down ,pine planks, The men worked, ate, worked setae more. They hardly slept, With Canada's original skyway shortening the distance between Chi- cago and Shanghai by 3,000 miles, the Akan road system will supply some of the biggest forces operating against Japan, All over the world such new sup- ply ways are being thrust across mountains, and over. deserts, Prob- ably the most remarkable of all these tentacles, spreading like an ctopus across the new war maps, are the five Persian roads by which sup- plies go to the Caucasus and the Volga fronts,. Four main ways have been driven across the mountains of Persia and Turkestan, crossing the edges of those fabulous Persian deserts called the sea of Salt and the Sea of Sand. The most important are the main highway from India to Central Asia and the enlarged Persian railway joining the Gulf and the Iraq rivers to the Caspian, with a road branch- ing west to Russian Armenia, which has one of the largest synthetic rub- ber plants in the world. From Bagdad, the railway goes to Kirkuk; key to the Iraq oil fields and the pipe -line to the Mediterranean. On this line it is reported that 2,000 trucks already operate over 000 miles to Tabriz, working in conjunc- tion with a Soviet company in Rus- sian Armenia. All this transport system is con- nected to Aleppo in Syria, Here is Turkey's back door to the East; and if we invade the Balkans, it may be another side door to the Caucasus, It is by Persian road No, 2that India sends r growing volume of supplies to Russian Turkestan. The most important source of 'supplies to the Soviet Union is still the railway which was the last Shah's favorite toy. When the Shah formally opened the railway, the train followed its usual habit of derailing and subse- quently caught fire. Swedish and American experts were then con- sulted. They gave way to a Danish syndicate, Finally, almost every na- tionality was represented. On this startling construction, linking the fire -worshippers of Khuz- istan with the frontiers of Soviet in- dustrialization, fifty thousand work- men were employed. It was a labor- er's League of Nations. In the matt- er of changing the earth's surface, it was an eighth day of Genesis. Before the engineers could reach the scene of their first activities, they had to swim a river, liable to a 20 -foot rise, The ravines were ovens. Citizens of Teheran invented the tale of a workman accidentally killed by a blast, who found hades so cold after the gorges where the rocks at mid-day radiate the heat of a cruc- ible, that the devil, bored with his continual shivering, sent him back to Luristan. Trucks of the United Kingdom Commercial Corporation -haul sup- plies for Russia across new mountain roads on a 60 -hour journey north- ward. They tunnel through a laby-` ninth of high -walled mud houses, while local fanatics shake the dust of progress from their robes, mut- tering that "all change is sin," Pahlevi, where Soviet ships are loaded with British, American and Indian supplies, is the goal of most of the 10,000 trucks operated by the U,K.C.C. This company was formed to fight in Asia on the econ- omic -front against the Axis. Developing into 0 comprehensive supply system, its lorries raise syn- thetic sandstorms. Their endless con- voys are fed by paddle -steamers from the -Indian rivers. The legend- ary Garden of Eden, patrolled. by Eureka invasion craft, is included in the crucible of our civilization, Before the war, Andimeshk con- sisted of three earthen hovels and a tomb, Now it resembles a mining town in the Gold Rush. Enormous assembly plants put together the six - wheel lorries which craws across an- cient Persia. Slave traders have be- come artisans. Holy cities are trans- muted into garages and repair shops, and waste ground into air- ports. So the tide of victory rolling west is maintained by way of -Sacred Kum with its blurt -domed tombs of the faithful. The ghosts of Alexander's success- ful generals, who feasted in the hall of a Hundred Column at Persepolis, can watch munitions hurried to the front And Cyrus the Great may be shaken by the U.K,C,C, trucks thun- dering to victory. "Polite youngster, that ane, The other night on the bus from town he pointed out an empty seat to a dear old lady—and then raced her for it," Want and For Sale ads, 3 weeks 50c. Camp Ipperwash Camp 1ppporwash, militarily listed as A-29 Canadian Infantry Training Centre, will of'ielally be one year old this month and during the past 12 months when it emerged from the anal of an Indian Reserve to become one of the Dominion's newer advanc- ed infantry training establishments, it has graduated thousands of men. Linked in its training program with basic camps at Chatham and Simcoe, Ontario, it is ideally located on Lake Huron, approximately 35 miles northeast of Sarnia. Although the camp was not com- pletely finished until late in 1943, Camp Ipperwash already has estab- lished a fine reputation for the effie- iency of its training methods, With terrain ideally suited to' strenuous battle practice, the Centre has many unique and realistic devices for in- culcating the fighting spirit in its trainees, Live ammunition from Boon guns is employed as the men charge over one of the toughest assault courses in Canada. River crossings in assault boats feature some of the tactical schemes. High explosives are deton- ated and 501011e screens laid down as the infantrymen carry out an attack on the battle range, They have a "Nazi" platoon at Camp Ipperwash against whom the trainees pit their skill and strength in hand-to-hand combat. Proper use of camouflage and anti -gas technique are part of the syllabus. Fleldcraft schemes of all kinds are taught over the rough Ipperwash terrain. The new camp—with the Indian name because a tribe of Indians for- merly lived on the Stoney Point Re- serve where the centre is laid out— is 0 self-contained community, with sleeping, eating and recreational fac- ilities etailities for 1,500 infantrymen in training, plus a large instructional and mailltenimce staff. Water for the camp comes via a long pipe line ex- tending far out into Lake Huron. It As Canadian troops advance in Italy with the British Eighth Army, other thousands of young Canadians are in training at Clamp Ipperwash, located near Sarnia, close to Lake Huron, Officially A29 Canadian Infantry Training Centre, Ipperwash, has been in operation for about a year and is the newest of the Army's advanced training centres. It embodies the latest Ideas in camp construction and training, and its sprawling acres offer terrain ideally suited to strenuous battle practice. In this picture assault boats are carried to a river preparatory to crossing stream its charge explodes realistically in foreground, Live ammunition is sometimes employed in such schemes. Commanding No, 10 Basic Training Centre located earlier in the war at Kitchener; Ont. In civilian life he was director of physical education in Kitchener schools. Camp Ipperwash went through a trying ordeal daring the severe win' ter and adverse weather conditions that prevailed in its formative per - loci, but it is now making a notable has its own power plant and sewage contribution to Canada's military disposal system, a modern fire de - Program and bids fair to become one Pertinent and a 150 -bed hospital, of the outstanding military centres Lessons learned in military camp in the Dominion. construction earlier in the war have been incorporated into Camp Ipper- wash. The buildings are well insul- ated, each building has a central heating plant, hardwood floors and attractive interior and exterior dec- oration. The parade ground 300 feet by 600 feet has an asphalt surface and flood lighting for night exer- cises. Covering an area of 3,000 acres, the land surrounding the camp pro- vides almost every type of country over which infantrymen may expect to manoeuvre on active service. In addition, the wide sandy beach on the lake front is ideal for training in beach landings. Officer Commanding A-29 CITC. since its inception is Colonel Harold Ballantyne, E,D., a veteran of the first Great War and former Officer Breast Blisters (Experimental Farms News) During the past 10 years or so a distinctive blemish of the skin cover- ing the keel of male birds of the general purpose breeds of poultry has been frequently found. These blisters may appear as no more than a rough- ened thickening of the skin or they may vary in size all the way to well defined blisters as large as walnuts and occasionally be •filled with fluid. Medium to large blisters so disfigure dressed table birds thatalthough quite harmless detract from the mar- ket value of the birds. Moreover it will frequently be found that one- third to half of the birds in a flock are affected and the loss of revenue to the poultryman from this cause may be quite serious. Due to the serious financial losses the possibilities for preventing the occurrence of breast blisters has been studied at the central experimental farm, but so far tile real cause has not yet been found. In order to develop a blister the skin over the keel should be rubbed during roosting but if the bird is not already possessed of the fundamental ability to form a blister no amount of rubbing or other abuse seems to cause its appearance, Nor has it been possible to show that blisters are due to disease and nutrition has so far not been found to have either stimul- ating or deterrent effect. On the other it has definitely been found that the ability to form blisters is inherit- ed and resistant lines may therefore be, and have in fact been established experimentally, For those that pedi- gree hatch their chicles the recogni- tion of resistant sires does not pre- sent any difficulty. The unfortunate Part is that only a very small per cent of the breeding males in average flocks are truly resistant and the pro- pagation of such lines will therefore in the bands of most poultrymen lead to inbreeding with consequent loss of vigor. In addition there is some evid- ence to show that resistant lines nor - malty have a tendency to mature more slowly than blistered stock, Consequently females of such famil- ies may start prodruction rather late in life and the cockerels will be slow in reaching their mature weight. If this proves to be true then the outlook for speedy eradication of breast blister's while et the same time retaining high production and fast growth is not very bright, It may be that 'blisters are part of the price we pay for our modern high produc- tion chickens. The trainer put his two performing dogs through their routine, while the vaudeville agent watched, utterly bored until, at the finish, the little dog piped up, "Well, pal, how about booking us?" The agent became electrified, "You don't 010011 the little dog's talldngi" "Nall," said the trainer wearily. "Tho big dog's a ventriloquist." There's the story about the Irish- man walking down the street with a door knob in his hand just after an air raid. A friend inquired, "what's the matter, Pat?" "Aw, 'tis thim Germans, They just blew a saloon out of my hand," ans- wered Pat, a`.'1" �' rsr�k�S�tlxites'.�p,.lt i We :ire Selling Quality Books Books are Well Made, Carbon is Clean and Copies Readily. All styles, Carbon Leaf and Black Back. Prices as Low as You Can Get Anywhere. Get our Quotation on Your Next Order. The Seaforth News BEAFORTH, ONTARIO,