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Home My WebLink AboutThe Seaforth News, 1943-04-01, Page 7THURSDAY, APRIL 943 THE MIXING IN UAL By ANNE ALLAN Hydro Home Egonomist VIM, VIGOR, VITAMINS AND YOU VICTORY VEGETABLE GARDEN Id, llo Homemakers: Yellen a (:au- ' adian digs Itis stuuiy hack yard to plant a vegetabie garden, he is only • doing What tete British baud neces- sary long lige' 1 this war. Both DO - minion . O- miu on. incl Provincial goverlimeuts are raging us to grow vegetables, La, bout' shortages on farms, the neces- ahaut'L'piu' sits in aittl r 'city lot canning' commercial crops for 1 eco-npartnteuC Women's Work in Wartime England By Waite}, R. Legge, Tike way the women of England are all wol'kiti geaml'ot .but arouse the admiration of everyone: They are not only working in factories, or in the wonlon's (0.1,181011s of 1110 ar111e(1 r 11'0es, blit they u e acting as clerks in offices, Meths. heels, and stores,. as bellboys, porters, goads mi the lathy (y;c, lire w delicts, Helve c•lleetr oras ((4' eOi)tl110 LAWS 014 trues mid buses, 'ratan lubor<,rs, and even police- men, 111 Amerlco there is only one roan itr charge of a bus, .anel he collect;- ticle is or fares, and at:ts both as chauffeur and conductor. In England all the buses are built so that the the Armed Forces, curtailed deliver- ies — these may mean a reduction in the ,quantity of fresh vegetables available. So more and more home garinelrs are needed this year and 'your garden can be a valuable help. But you'll want to grow some veg- etables anyway for the good eating and for the sheer pleasure and ''exer- cise you get from it, Growing your own will save 'many trips to market yourfood budget, too, Freshly picked vegetables sleight from gar- den to table are better, because the fresher the vegetables the higher the vitamin values.. Green vegetables — rich in vitamins and minerals — mean health for everyone. In wartime, we cannot afford to to find out where you are going, ca1 experiment, so sketch your plot on curate the Ears, select the Proper paper; steep a chart of hinds of ticket from large double bank of by 'himself, almost over the engine, ]f he were to collect the fares, the buses- would all have to be rebuilt. The ticket collectors are all women, and so are many of the drivers. In the cities omnibuses have re- placed trams years ago in most cases. Nearly all the conductors are women, and it is very hard work. Such a thing as paying the fare when entering a bus or rant is apparently Unknown over there, They c10 not have a'dat fare of two pence or three Pence, but a graduated rate which may be anything from one penny up through all the halfpence to six or seven pence. This means that the womeih have vegetables, crates for planting and harvesting. Carrots, chard, beans and tomatoes might be your first choice. You can get advice on soil prepare.- tion, fertilizers and insect control from the Department of Agriculture. This is a grea to grow food for fitness — start planning your Victory garden to -day. • a s .r TAKE A TIP: 1. Draw your garden on paper, to oat the stops, signal to start and stop scale; senaoff orders for fertilizersthe bus, and make sure that some and insecticides; repair tools and stranger does not go past his or her plan to do as much as you can. . destination. They women on buses 4 If you've never germinated' seeds really work hard.• in a cold frame before — do not A large number of women are do - experiment this year. Seeds are fn gfli'e watching duties. This usually precious. means staying up all night and patrol- Elven a 7 x 12 foot vegetable ling roofs and alleys. When a Canad- a, garden of greens will help this tan looks overth e skyline of English year. Curb your "fever" to start towns and cities, .the first thing that too large a garden, if you haven't strikes him is the appearance of the had experience. • English roofs which are usally out up 4. Vegetables require sunshine at• e with all kinds of turrets and chimney least three -quarter's of the day, pots. Every 'building has anywhere so don't plant in the shade. I tip to a dozen or more of these chim 5. The loam should be at least 6 ney pots. They add considerably to inches deep and workable. Gravel, the difficulties of properly patrolling sand or clay loam is a handicap. .the roofs. Ladders are often kept on 6. Choose the right seed tor your the roofs so that any part can be purpose — early or late varieties; quickly reached. varieties suitable for storage or This war kis most important during canning — also amount of seed raids. Prompt handling of iucencliar- needed for your 0101, ies on these roofs manes the dffier- 4, w ence between little damage and stag - RECIPES gering losses. Potato Soup (Cottage Style) About the time that the Bomber 4 cups milk, 4 slices onion, 1% Press arrived in England, the loon. cups riced potatoes, 2 tbs. baldug Herbert Morrison macre an ,appeal fat, 2 tbs, flour, 1 tsps. salt, few fit. many thousands of extra women grains cayenne, inch pieces of lire watchers. There was a great deal coked sausages. of criticism at the time, as it was felt Heat milk with onion to scalding that this work was too hard and dan- point, strain, then stir into mashed gerous for women. But the answer potatoes slowly, Melt fat, blend in was that more than double the mum - flour an dseasonings. Slowly stir in num- ber asked for volunteered. It showed hot mills and potatoes. Cook until the determination of the woman of thickened, stirring frequently. Add. to do everything they could sausage pieces an dsei ve with thickdo to help in war work, slices of fresh toast. The following appeal appeared in the September issue of the parish Baked Bean Salad ; magazine of. St. Mary Redcliffe 2 cups baked beans, 'Fa cup ' Church, Bristol, "Without . question boiled dressing, 1 cap chopped the greatest treasure in Bristol is St. on a prearranged zig-zag. All ships celery. Mary Redcliffe Church. I now ask the alter course at the same moment, so Mix beans, celery and salad dress- women of Bristol if they will help in that the course of the whole convoy ing. Serve on cabbage or lettuce leaf. guarding it against fire. We want is being continually deflected, some - Good Bread and Butter Pudding two, at least, and three better still, times to starboard and somettines to 2 cups bread Crumbs, raisins to be on duty every night, There is port of the mean course. or figs, 4 cups milk, 1/3 coli perfectly possible work for wonheih to These zig-zags, some of which trace brown sugar, % tep, salt, % tee\ do, and they will 101 be asked to at- a highly complicated pattern, ere de - caramel flavoring, 2 tbs. butter, tempt what only men can do. Wonted signed to confuse any lurking subms- 1 egg. between 17 and 60 will be welcomed, tickets which they carry ora holder, make change, and go through both decks of the bus, which means run- ning continuously up and down the stairs. Usually the bus is crowded, which makes it that much more diffi- cult for then'. With so many Strang- ors in England, they have to peep answering such questions as how to reach different points. They also have to watch where they are, call THE SEAFORTH NEWS AMMINOWOMMMAISSNMOMONIIM Women appear to be doom' nearly everything 00 the railways except driving the engines, Most of the guards at the,, stations are women, and they May also be seen iraudliug trucks with express and. baggage: In- cidentally, the traveller in England today is expected to look atter his own baggage, not only while o11 the trains, but' also in the Hotels. , The mobile ''ea1110o4(M, so malty of Which have been provided by various ora ugU•,t(tions and municipalities in t'anadn. South :linea. Australia and other pi(rts of the I11111511 (01111(1110' wealth, erre operated by women, and then heroism during Rich blitz will Blake 11 glorious story in history, The nursing profession. has always been an honored one, and the flumes in this war are upholding all their traditions, 11 would be impossible to tell of (111 the varied jobs that Women. in Eng - hind are doing today in addition to those mentioned already, such as looking after babies, 'while their mothers are working in munition factories and other places, collect ig salvage, helping in canteens and sol- fliers' hostels, and, 11 unable to do anything else, entertaining troops in their own homes. The outstanding characteristics or the women of England today are their cheerful acceptance of added burd- ens, and their sincere desire 4f do something to help. Above all they are a wonderful inspiration to their men. Without the efforts of the women,. the story o1 the progress of the war plight very probably have been ent- irely different today, How A Convoy Is Guarded Let us suppose that twenty or thirty merchantmen are being escort- ed in convoy o1) an 01)00 ocean route, For the most of the 'voyage they will be out of range of air attack, so the problem is primarily one of anti- submarine protection. 'Usually the submarine cannot hope to do more, than lire its torpedoes across the line of approacbing ships, taking a chance which vessel it act- ually hits. It has very little hope of :tp assm•ed hit of one preselected ship 10 a convoy. Ithe merchantment will, therefore, generally be disposed in three lines abreast, with destroyer's and corvettes spread out on either side of them, and with perhaps one destroyer ahead and one astern. A glance night suggest that the convoy is unprotected from the rear. But in daylight a submarine must at- tack while submerged, and a sub- merged shot at the stern of a convoy is a particularly ineffective one. Remember, too, that the destroyers and corvettes with their Asdic appar- atus have been "sweeping" the water ahead and abeam of the convoy as it przoceeds, so they should have picked up the submarine as they approached it. • The reason for disposing the con- voy in long Hues abreast rather than in lines ahead is that this presents the smallest target for torpedoes fired from the side. If there is an anti-aircraft cruiser wiM1 the convoy it will probably be disposed inside the destroyer screen and a little ahead of the leading mer- chantmen. From this position 'it can be sent at will to any part of the convoy. In the event of air attack, destroyers may be closed in, or some of them put in among the merchant amen so as to achieve a greater con- centration of fire. Every few minutes throughout its voyage the convoy will change course Mix bread crumbs and raisins; put in greased casserole. Pour over 2 cups 1101 milk to which have been added sugar, salt, flavoring and bat- ter. Allow to stand X,¢ hour. Beat egg; add rest of milk and poor over crumb mixture, Bake in electric oven until brown. a * '4 THE QUESTION SOX Mrs, Y. D, W. suggests: For a, nut- tiness in flavor, au added health angle and a spot of variety in pan- cakes: in a recipe that calls for 2 caps of flour, use 'i nip brain and 11/z cups flour. and if you arrange with a friend or friends to take on one night a week, you. will be doing groat service. Now is the time to strengthen our band of watchers before the winter begins," It must be remembered that in ail probability, the women who take on this work will do it in additiol to working at their regular occupation all day, rine, to upset its aim or give it a false idea of the convoy's course. All night, when U-boats can attack on the surface, an approach from astern ,becomes likely, and as dark- ness begins to fall there will be a re- grouping of the escorts to cover the now more vulnerable rear. When the convey approaches nar- rower coastal waters anentirely new disposition becomes necessary. Nay - At all the Air Force stations •tihat row channels, still further restricted we visited thele were WAA,F's doing by minefields, make it necessary to the cooping, washing the dishes, waiting on table, operating the tele- phones and radio controls, and doing clerical and other Work. • DEAD or L-1 N 191 ALS DISABLED Quickly removed in clean sanitary trucks. Phone collect 219 MITCHELL or Ingersoll 21 WILLIAM STONE SONS ' LIMITED drop the lorig lines abreast a0(1 to re- form the ships in 01' perhaps two lines ahead, The escorts will not be able to fan out so far on either side of the !net, chailttnen, and they will 1i0w range up and down outside the line of the convoy. The greater number of the escorts will, of 'oollrse, be on that side of the line which is nearer to enemy water's. If a submarine is contacted, '8110- tlher by clay or night, one or more of the destroyers will be detached from the screen to hunt and depth'charge it. The rest of the convoy and its' esao'te will continue their voyage, Fair Hands. Trained for War Work 141.011.41 i r 1'ti((, baud; have n 111 tic. ag.cinat the ene101 .4 e,icen null tlu,se pictured ahov4- ,,re u p1oye,d in the tnalntftictau'e of of, al mins at the National Railways .1!(110 u41 Limited plant which is .4)11111111 by ,the Canadian National ftailln ys, Some of the hands shown performed useful tasks in the home !odor to the war, but were not, engaged in what the economists term "gainful occupation." The sturdier hands are those of leen who were machinists in the shops of the Nat- :mull System before the war and who were taken over as instructors in the war plant. In two years they have Trained hundreds of men and women to operate intricate machinery. Caught by the camera and shown above an the top row of pictures the work being clone by these hands from left to right is as follows: Extreme Left, fitting the safety ('atoll in the breeoh mechanism. Second from left, gauging the gun chamber. The deviation allowed in this work, the "tolerance,' as the 111aefhiniSte say, is limited to two ten thousands of an inch, which is split hair precision. In the centre picture the worker is removing a broach, one of a set of 40 required for rifling a barrel. Each successive broach removes one one. thousand of an inch of steel until the desired calibre is attained, Right of centre is pictured the preliminary process in laying out the bridge ring. The worker is using a Vernier height gauge and his move- ments require sidil and the exercise of absolute precision in measurements. At the extreme right a woman worker is hand -finishing on the breeoh block of a naval gun, Even with hundreds of maohines in use there are various operations which require the use of hand tools. • In the lower panel at the extreme left the worker is gauging the bore of a barrel during honing operations, This is part of the rifling of the barrel by which each broach removes a minute layer of steel from the interior. Upon the skill and care employed during tins work depends the Lange and aaeu- racy of the naval gun when in action. The second picture from the left is part of a milling operation. The worker is using a wrench to tighten a nut on the trigger sear, • Continuous checking is necessary during all stages of the manufacture of naval guns, Gauges have markings sofine asto be beyond the rangeof nor— mal vision. Here an inspector is using a magnifying lense to note the exact reading on the Vernier Caliber gauge. All steel brought into National Munitions plant is tested for quality. At the extreme right, a Government inspector is looldng through a micro- scope, part of a Vickers testing machine by which a diamond makes an indentation in the steel 1.o record its hardness, the result heinginclieated on a dial and noted by this method. turning for the time being, es far as Ships To Sail possible away from the U-boat's loc- ality, The Seven Seas „ When units of the Battle Fleet ptit to sea they will normally steam in line ahead with about 400 yards be- tween each battleship, The destroyer screen will be ranged symmetrically on either side of the battleships. Cruisers may either be inside the screen or sent ahead to scout and comb a large area of sea. If there is an aircraft carrier with the force, she will be at the rear of the line, with two destroyers in see-, Mal attendance on her. From this position she can most easily drop out of station and tuhn into the wind to fly her aircraft off and on. She is ready to move off at a moment's not- ice with her escorts and get out of the tmmediae vicinity, and thus out oof range of enemy gunfire, should, the Battle Fleet become engaged. • When a Battle Faget goes into ac- tion it will also usually move in line ahead, as this formation -enables the maximum number of heavy guns to be brought to bear on the enemy. An alternative battle formation rot' heavy ships is echelon, .technically known as "line of bearing." This also allows each ship to operate without masking the' fire of any of the others. If a convoy is an extremely import- ant one, cruisers will probably be sent ou many miles ahead of the convoy to scout and report enemy movements. Our submarines may be brought iuto play to lie off the enemy bases, or along the route between him incl the convoy. If the cruisers make contact with the enemy, their task will be to draw him on, if possible, into contact with the covering force of battleships. Mother China's Child Army ' and Her Fighting Old Folks Told for the FIRST TIME here 1 Heroic deeds of babes in arms, end other unsurpassed exploits of grim courage which have marked China's battles against the Japs, ere describ- ed by Madame V. K. Wellington Kee, wife of the Chinese Ambassador to Great Britain, in The American Weekly with this Sunday's (April 4) issue of The Detroit Sunday Times. The enemy knows the number of ships on the British .Register when war broke out. But he can only guess at the numbers of vessels which have been lost and the 00104101 of tonnage built to replace them, If he could ar- rive at the present strength of the Merchant Navies of the United Na- tions he would know to what extent' the Allied command was able to car- ry out its commitments in various parts of the world and could plan his naval strategy accordingly. There is little doubt that, without the assistance of American ship- yaa•ds, it would' be impossible for the shipbuilding industry of Britain alone to make good the shipping losses of the United Nations. America's "terri- fic" shipbuilding program, as it has been described by Sir Arthur Salter, British member of the combined ship- ping adjustment board in Washing- ton, has captured the public imagina- tion, but the effort which has been, and is being, made in British ship- building establishments ]las received. little notice. Figures Ore. of course. not available, but everyone engaged in the industry, from the general manager down to the smallest rives boy, is colscious of the great respon- sibility which rests upon hint,• and those who know cannot speak too highly of the effort being made in British shipyards. Britain's First Lord of the Admiral- ty, A, V. Alexander, has stated that although the nation started this war with barely one-third of, the shipyard workers she had in 191S, she had been able to build a greater tonnage of naval and merchant ships Man fu tihe first three years of World "1Var L Britain has carried out a greater vol- ume or ship repair work than throughout 1914.1915. All this had been done in spite of continuous Ms - location caused by the bombing of shipyards and shipyardworkers' homes 1t should not be forgotten that this tonnage is twice as effective as the ships of that earlie rperiod. The mod- ern cargo carrier is more efficient. Bull forttrs ]nave been improved; and the steam engine has been develop- ed mall today greater speeds and greater cargo -o, rrying capacity are obtainable on a considerably smaller fuel consumption. When war broke out there were about 130,000 workers engaged in ,Bri- tish shipbuilding. Their numbers have, of 0031150,' considerably increas- ed, although many of the younger leen are now serving with the armed forces. Many men who formerly worked hrthe yards have been brought back from other industries. Men who had retired from active work have retuned to "do their bit"; there are those back in the yards who thought they had finished with ship- building forever. In one yard. one men in every three was over fifty Year's 01(1 and two out' of every three wer0 over •forty. Since the reservoir of available male labor which could be trained for shipbuilding has dried up, women have been employed . in. various forms of shipyard work. I cannot state the number of work- ers engaged in British shipbuilding today, but I can say that there is ample evidence that the output per worker compares most favorably with other oou nt•ies, even though it is im- possible to employ mass production methods in British shipyards, for . shipbuilding labor must be considered in relation to manpower demands for every other type of munition and for the services. This labor problem bear, too,e 0 n the construction or alteration the e 0 yards as well as on the buiiding 1 le the ships themselves. Many British yards have been turning out sb e since the days when only wooden craft sailed the seas. They started with sailing ships and later ads d modern machinery to deal v steamers and Diesel -engined vess Such yards may not be as well sur to mass production as the new yards which Britain is constructing fr h scratch, but to pull down and 1'ebu them would make calls on manpo r• which would not be justified by the results, l els ted on ud We "What's that piece of string tied round your finger for, Bill?" "That's a knot. Forget-me-not is a flower, with flour we make bread and with bread we eat cheese. This is to remind nue to buy some pickled onions" MOTHERS MOBILIZE TO BRING HEALTH TO FAMILIES! Hundreds of women enlist in "Nutrition for Victory" Drive... bring health and stamina to families... especially war workers! You too; can play an important part in this vital national need. Health and stamina are needed now for Victory ... always for full happiness. Government surveys reveal that even those who can afford the best ate often ill -fed, according to the standards of true nutrition. Here is an opportunity of learning an easy and interesting way to improve your 'family's health, through better nutrition ... an opportunity of getting your copy of the booklet `Eat -to -Work -to -Win", at absolutely no cost, So don't delay! Send for your TREE copy NOW ! *(The ,a,er•ifioapl sf tttn t,tt.<i,t Tatda4lrork•to-1I7," ere ntcehtable Is Nalritra5 Seruifes, Deparhnene of Pension era National liealtiir Offawa, jm' the C..'u'dian Nafritlon Ptogrrimme.) Sponsored by t THE BREVf'ING 1NDOSTR Y (ONTARIO) in the ihterests of nutrition and health as an Aid to Victory,