HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1943-03-25, Page 6TAT. V SE:.FORTT NEWS
THt1RSPAY,. MARCN 2S, 1943.
A COUNTRY EDITOR
SEES
WRITTEN SPECIALLY FOR THE
WEEKLY NEWSPAPERS OF FANAPA
try JIM (MEENRUAT, Editor of the SUN
SWIFT CURRENT SASNATCHIWAN
ENFORCEMENT—FOOD
How do they get away with th
with that? Even your own frien
say, "They can't do this to me,
wasn't hoarding." You've hea
plenty of that stuff, And Fred
McGregor, grey haired, soft spok
Enforcement Administrator of
Wartime Prices and Trade Board,
Ottawa, tries to help find' the an
wers. There's nothing he fears mo
than to have his personnel labell
Gestapo and such things.
He realizes, of course,that an in-
vestigator in your region, invested
with new and unaccustomed power,
mightthrow his weight around a
little and, by gosh, that's hard to
stomach, But supply of men, capable,
is thin, says Mr. McGregor. They
keep checking on the checkers, ev-
en;
ven; sometimes it takes time to find
out.
"We ca
ivory tows -
Whether it's on rentals, hoarding or
anything e
honest sta
enforceme
al division,
ting "local
circumstan
eration, Al
he says, is
whether it should go to the courts or
not. Then the law does the rest.
About Foods Administration
And now I"ll finish this with a fent'
is, words about talking^ with, Foods Ad
s ministrator Gordon Taggart, who
I I was shortly leaving his job and Ot-
rd tawa to sit in the agricultural drivi.
A er's seat in Saskatchewan again,
en His staff includes nen of expert
the knowledge of the various food cont
at =dales, directly from. farm and
S- various food processing and distrib-
re uting industries, "The food adminis
ed tration staff determines what to do ,"•
he said, and much of the action:
which follows may be carried out by
regional, offices of the Board, en-
forcement or. rationing divisions.
You see, food supply naturally di-
vides itself into two groups, foods of
domestic origin or imports, When
domestic supply is threatened as a
result of lower price established . un-
der the ceiling, one of three things is
done. The article can be removed
from the ceiling entirely, as done
with a number of fresh fruits and
vegetables. The price could be in-
creased as with beef, lamb and some
other products which have a seaso.nal
price range and which required high-
er prices to maintain supply, or,
thirdly, subsidies were added to the
existing price.
You remember how the latter was
done extensively in the case of milk,
dairy products and a number of
canned items, such as tomatoes.
Action with respect to mainten-
ance of supply has been taken main-
ly in conjunction with or in co-oper-
ation with the Department of Agri-
culture: In the case of essential im-
ported foods, he pointed out, the
same general principle is applied, to
subsidize imports if the price ceiling
threatens supply or to lift ceilings
from the threatened products. There
it is in a nutshell, and I hope there's
a kernel in it.
And, he added, did Mr. Taggart,
that the most common practice of
imports has been for the Commodity
Prices Stabilization Corporation to
bulk purchase at the best possible
price and then sell into the domestic
trade at whatever price is necessary
to maintain ceilings.
The determination of requirement
and the management of distribution
has been the responsibility of the
Foods Administration. They control
prices and keep up supplies of food
for the civilian population, and, to -
assist other government bodies, it
also acts to requisition or otherwise
acquire food for the soldier boys'and
girls and other priority needs in
cases of particular commodities
which are in short supply.
Mr. Taggart made it sound so
humdrum that I lost my appetite for
dinner. And there's not a secret.
Subsidies are not handouts, and the
trade gets. no special benefit from
them. They are only paid if there is
no other way of securing a sufficient
supply of an article without exceed-
ing the ceiling price, and are limited
only to essential consumer goods,
and next week's article concludes the
series.
n't decide local cases in an
r in Ottawa; he said
lse they do try to get an
tement of fact from the
nt counsel in each region
and they do insist on get
color" with it. Personal
ccs are taken into consid-
1 the administration does,
pass on a case to decide
Kicks—Well-Founded and
Unfounded
"We have to watch our step, too,
from those whose toes have been
stepped on; who make spite charges
against persons they may have a
grudge against, many, many of
which have been investigated and
discovered to be unfounded." And in
the converse, he showed me the file
and memo, where he had just that
day personally telephoned an old
foreign -born woman in Montreal to
apologize for the actions of an in-
vestigator who was too smart alto-
gether.
"What of the future?" I asked.
He hitched closer to me to emphas-
ize the point as he warned that more
difficult times are ahead, with dan-
gers of "black market," etc. "Tell
the people they are only helping
themselves and they can be of tre-
mendous help to us as the more crit-
ical times approach. We would rath-
er have compliance than enforce-
ment any time."
From Dec. 1, 1941, to Dec. 31,
1942, they had 1,552 prosecutions
for the whole of Canada, and 1,438
convictions. You and I who know
what's going on can reason it out for
ourselves whether they are a Gesta-
po gang or an administration to
check with firmness.
Britnell Views Food Situation
I hate to hurry on with so much
material of interest available, but
the series is just about finished. I
might give you a few thoughts from
Dr, G. E. Britnell, economic adviser
of the Foods Administration, tousled
headed, earnest fellow whose office
walls are covered with colored
charts. Butter rationing? All part of
the over-all picture we had, be ex-
plained. Figure it out: more lunch
pails, more sandwiches; more civilian
workers, armed forces; Red. Cross
necessities; Alascan Highway; U.S.
troops in Canada; commitments to
West Indies and Newfoundland,
Why, the use of fluid milk increased
by over 10 per cent. over the previ-
ous year. Our per capita consump-
tion of butter in Canada is 26 lbs.,
while that of cheese only 4 lbs., and
it takes two of cheese to make one
of butter.
Beef? Yup, he admitted a tight
position there, but remember that in
general there is nothing in its over-
all position in Canada which would
dictate it if we had no responsibili-
ties to the United Nations. It is ob-
vious that we cannot maintain high-
er consumption levels of meats than
others of the United Nations, say the
United States.
It is unlikely that we will avoid
meat rationing in the trend of
events, he says, and that takes in
beef, pork, bacon, veal, lamb and
mutton. With the new feeding pro-
gramme, however, he is certain we
will have more beef in the long run.
Nok, co-operation is the slogan,
As I got up to leave hp shook
hands and said with 0 smile: "Re-
member, fellow, we are still the best
fed people in' the world," 'I had had
baeon, 2 eggs for breakfast, Could
have had more. Haw in heck can we
grouse sincerely?
British Industries
In Wartime
By Walter R. Legge.
To report on British Industries
was not one of the main objects of
our trip t0 Britain, and we did not
make the intensive study of them
that we did of the fighting forces
and services. However, we were given.
an opportunity to visit some plants
and to see what British workers are
doing to Help win the war.
Probably the most interesting of
the plants we visited was an im-
mense andeground factory which
was just going into production. These
underground factories are not dug
out especially for the purpose. There
are many large caverns, some nat-
ural and others the result of year's of
mining, which can. easily be convert-
ed into good factories,
A •large elevator took•us ninety
feet below the surface of the ground
to where this factory is located, The
factory itself covers a vast area and
only uses a'small part of the cavern;
One of our guides told us that he had
gone down into the cavern before
any work on it had been started,
and he would have been lost if he,
had 1101 been with a local guide who
knew 11 well,
The floor has been cemented and
the walls and pillars painted a light
colour. This underground factory is
brilliantly illuminated by fluorescent
lights. The ventilation is wonderful,
Air: Is .taken ltl from aibove ground,
cleaned' and heated, and <iistribtited
by viaducts: 'Ruder the floor, while the
used air is carried off at the roof,
An example or modern scientific
methods is found in the disposal e1
sewage. It is Irnrnped to the surface
and chemically treated to extract
gases which are used to. propel the
factory service. oars,..•
The factory Is surprisingly clean,
and bright It is hard to believe that
it is ninety feet tinder the ground.
There is a large restaurant' under•
ground as well as another on top of
the ground. Each of them is capable
01 feeding several thousand em-
ployees in a scientific and efficient
manner.
One of the problems in connection
.with this. factory was the supply of
labor.. The number of workers at
hand was limited. This has been over -
conte by, bringing workers there in
largo numbers of buses and by build-
ing dormitories and houses, :The dor-
mitories are made up of single and
double rooms; compact, but well fur-
nished and comfortable. The build-
ings are of stone or brick and ap-
peared to :be fireproof. and sub-
stantial-
The houses, some of which we
were shown through, are small, but
bright and comfortable, and planned
to make .the most of every bit of
space.. They are certainly a big im-
provement on the average workman's
We also visited aircraft factories,
aircraft engine factories and other
munition factories.
One morning we arrived at ane of
these factories. The entrance was not
very impressive. In fact it looked
more like sonic residential flats than
a factory. Yet we spent most of the
day going from building to building
to see various operations in progress.
A fine lunch was served to us in the
executive' offices. The exact number
of employees cannot be given but it
was in the tens of thousands.
A very large proportion of the
workers are women, many of them
doing jobs that it was once thought
could onl ybe done by men. Before
the war these women were hair-
dressers, barmaids, . waitresses,
school teachers, shop assistants, do-
mestics and workers in smaller indus-
trial plants. Others had never worked
before.
Some of the machinery in , this fac-
tory was made in the United States,
but much of it bore nameplates of
British firms.
The general appearance and opera-
tion of this and other factories is
about the sante as in similar factories
in Canada and the United • States.
However, closer study shows. that op-
erations are probably more broken
down and scatered than on this side
of the Atlantic. There is a good
reason for this, In using so many
workers with little experience in
their particular work, it was easier
to teach them one simple operation
than it would have been to teach
then to handle a complicated mach-
ine which would do several opera-
tions at once,
ARITHMETIC . AND NUTRITION
High school' students who can obtain a complete hot meal or supplement
lunches brought from home at the school cafeteria are combining Readin'
'Rritin', and 'Rithmetac with Nutrition. The school cafeteria Plan is growing
in favor with school authorities; parents, and ,children because • experiments
in which nutritious lunches have been provided for school children have
shown conclusively that the project has great merit. •
Elaborate cafeteria facilities and equipment are not necessary. Women's
Institutes, Parent -teacher associations; and other volunteer groups can find
in school lunches a community project in applied nutrition that will pay
large dividends in improved health among the children of the community.
The system is also more flexible. If
some part is knocked out byenemy
action or otherwise, the entire pro-
duction will not be stopped.
These factories are unexcelled 'for
precision of craftsmanship, and their
production targets are continually
being exceeded. This is going to be a
big factor in overcoming the Hun.,
Latest reports are that the Germans
are worried over the superiority of
the English in precision and quantity
of production:
Most of these employees work fifty-
six hours a week. When we had a
conference with Britain's Minister of
Labor, Mr. Ernest Bevin, he told us
that there is no gain in working more
than fifty-six hoe's a week, and that.
he 'was trying to get it down to a
fifty-three or fifty-two hours' week.
He added, "We are in the fourth
year of the war. Most of the virile
people have been taken for the
forces. Age groups in industry are
higher. Forty-seven is the average
age of the Liverpool dockworkers,
and in the building trades, the aver-
age age is front forty-five to forty-six."
We asked two different Cabinet
Ministers if England had reached the
Saturation point: in manpower. One
answered that there was no such
thing as a saturation point in labor,
and the other replied, "We are a long
way past the saturation point."
We came away from these factories
deeply impressed with the fact that
the civilian workers are just es he'd
at work, just as serious in their tasks,
and, just as anxious to do their ut-
most to hasten victory as the mem-
bers of the Navy, Army and Air
Force.
SPITFIRES OF THE SEA
Britain entered the war with only
twenty-five ,motor torpedo boats. To-
day motor torpedo boats and motor
gunboats are based all around the
British Isles. It is to these small,
powerfully motored craft that Ad-
miralty communiques are referring,
when they mention "light coastal
forces." They have virtually no
armour, and depend for their protec-
tion upon their high speed, the light-
ning skill of their skippers, and the
fire-power of their guns and tor-
pedoes. •
They participate in North Sea and
Channel convoy escorts as protection
against their Nazi opposite numbers,
the E boats. They also engage in at-
tacks on their own against German
coast -hugging convoys.
To attack a convoy, they lie in
watt for the enemy merchant ships.
Being only sixty feet long and low in
outline, they invariably, spot the
enemy before they are seen thenh-
selves, Then at a speed so low that
their engines are almost silent, they
slip towards the quarry. At the pre-
cise moment, the throttles are open-
ed up and the enemy finds himself
being attacked before he has had
time to get into action,
After this first burst comes the
second round of the serap when
enemy motor craft try to intercept
the attack on the convoy ships. Then
a noisy battle ensues at fifty miles an
hour with tactics rather similar to a
battle in the air between Spitfires
and Messerschmitts — battles that
are the fastest in naval history.
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The
Seatorth News
SEAFORTH, ONTARIO,