HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1942-08-13, Page 6PAGE SIX •
THE SEAFORTH NEW
THURSDAY, AUGUST 13, 1942
Mature of This War; 1siin this war, coucluding with the alas -
o B
Dingo eaterse example of France, when his
g
The New Strategy Fifth Column and his preparatory
subversive treatment of .French bur- Every night more than 1,000,000
eaucracy quickly nullified the will to ,Americans sit around little .:cards
By Brigadier G,' K. Bourne resist of the French Arm be fact placing counters on umbered
Y
Before we examine the strategy his ouly failure so far ina land. cam- squares: And when 'the luok� winner
with whioh to win the war, it will, be paigu has bean against the Bassinets,gets five in a row—vertically, bora-
zontally or diagonally—the gleeful
shout is heard—l"Bingo1"
In the West ib may be Lucky, in
New England Beano, or perhaps its
Radio, Po -Keno, or Fortune;. but
whatever the name it's still the same
old dressed -up parlor game of Lotto
—by Gallup poll, lengths ahead of
any other gambling game in popular-
ity.
In any game where millions of
dollars change hands daily the ques-
tion naturally arises: "Is the game
honest?" Several months ago I was
commissioned to make an investiga-
tion' of the Bingo games to determine
whether or not they were run hon-
estly. The answer is: 70-30—with
the player on the short end of the
stick.
One of the first Bingo games I ev-
er saw was at small-town carnival
which I was investigating for gambl-
ing swindles, In this show the "skill"
games were outright robbery. Com-
pared to them Bingo was almost hon-
est. Almost but not quite.
The Bingo concession was the
flashiest on the midway. The opera-
tor, Bill Olens, did a terrific business
with i4tchen utensils and huge bas-
kets of groceries as his come -ones.
Three free games to start the night
had the housewives running from the
dirty supper dishes to be on time.
100 or more players crowded the.
benches, and the operator perched
prominently inthe center calling the
numbers. A wooden globe (or goose)
before the operator held ninety num-
bers and released one number at a
time through a special spout, After
the number was called it would be
checked off on a large master card
hung beside the "Goose."
The take averaged from. $10 to
$15 a game while the prizes were
obviously worth about $5. With such
a profit it seemed unlikely that the
game would be dishonest.. And if that
had been all it probably 'would not
have been.
But as a sure-fire business builder
Olens had devised a further big
come-on. After the last game Satur-
day night a big free game was held,
open to any players who had 100 re-
ceipts from the week's play. And the
prize here was a small fortune to
carnival players, $100.
On Saturday night the Bingo
game would be surrounded by a sol-
id wall of humanity, everybody wait-
ing for the final game, usually held
well after midnight. In a tense ab-
mosphere the game would finally get
underway, with excitement rising as
the numbers were called. At long
last would come a shout "Bingo," a
dramatic presentation of the prize
would be made, the winner escorted
home, and the crowd would quickly
disperse. Everybody went away sat-
isfied that the game was honest.
What the crowd never suspected
se well to examine its nature,' First
of all, it is a war of ideals just as
much as it is a war to gain territory
and power. Here the enemy has so
far hied the advantage because his
ideals are warlike whereas ours are
essentially peaceful, As in the field
of weapons and arms, we have a
great leeway to make up, It is an
essential truth that only wben we
can inculcate our own populations.
with a white -heat enthusiasm for our
cause can we hope to beat opponents
wbose very children are raised on p
warlike creed.
I mention this idealistic side of the
struggle because it has a direct bear-
ing on our strategy. If you are fight-
ing an aggressor you cannot weigh
up purely military factors and say
we will support this ally because we
atoll gain strategically, and we will
not support that one because it will
be a waste of miltary effort.
We were forced to try to succor
Norway, although it was a hopeless
military proposition when we had to
allow the Germans to have even a
small start, We put our army along-
side the French; and politically it
would have been extremely difficult
to refuse to advance to the help of
Belgium.
In all these cases we lost valuable
military positions and we lost the
equipment of a complete array, leav-
ing us desperately short for our own
self-defense and giving the Germans
a tremendous advantage in the range
to vital tragets in the bombing cam-
paign which was to follow.
The only instance so far of real
strategic: gain through following this
idealistic war policy has been when
we went to the assistance of the gal-
lant Greeks. The odds were against
us—were desperately against ns—but
politically it was essential to spare
]and and air forces, even et damaging
cost to our further advance in Libya.
Though the retreat through Greece
and our defeat at Crete may look to
some like furthe r steps on our
downhill path, yet they probably
postponed Hitler's attack on Russia
by about six weeks, thus giving the
Red Army more of that priceless war
commodity, that is to say, time. Who
knows but that this may not have
been the turning point of this Ger-
man war?
This is not the first really world-
wide war. The Napoleanic wars had
their outlying campaigns and naval
actions as far abroad as the West
Indies and the Indian Ocean; but it
is the first time that really weighty
opponets have ben engaged in all
quarters of the globe. This war has
the same dual quality as the Seven
Years Uar had in that it fall into two
distinct parts—a continental cam-
pagin and an ocean campaign.
Ue, the British, are accustomed to
this type of war in which, perforce,
we must employ our main strength
on the seas in order to preserve our
very existence, and at the same time
provide all the assistance we can to
our continental allies.
It is as well to remmeber that Brit-
ish participation on the Continent
has not always taken the form of a
large army, and that in keeping up
the blockade of Europe, in the in-
creasingly heavy bombing of German
industry and morale, and in sending
large quantities of munitions to Rus-
sia we are achieving great assistance
by proved traditional methods.
A Five -Navy War
We have never bad the power to
who were at great pains to eliminate
their own Fifth. Column in their reg-
ular purges before the war. We may
justifiably hope that Tram this date
began his certain fall.
From these modern examples, it is
clear that the Germans definitely
driect their attacks against our mor
ale. Is there a lesson for us in all
this? Is the reply to this Blitzkrieg
war, with its preliminary softening
process another Blitzkrieg on our
part? Or is this method merely suit•
able to the aggressor?
• , . , . Mastery of the Offensive
The two great weapons in war are
the airplane and the tank, These,
though they were both employed in
the last war, did not greatly affect its
strategy. This time, however, they
have altered the very nature of the
campaigns and consequently our
strategic methods, On land they
brought back that mobility and that
rapid maneuver which was character-
istic of the Napoleonic campaigns
and, most strikingly, of the Amerie-
can Civil War, which was lost in the
static war of trench lines and masses
of men in 1914-18,
These two new weapons, as now
employed, have restored, for a per-
iod at any rate, the mastery of the
offensive over the defnsive on land.
The Germans overcame the Low
Countries and France at a mean
speed of twenty-five miles per day,
and in Russia, during the first month
they averaged some twenty miles
per day. This was by the use of high-
ly trained mechanized formations
supported by concentrated air power,
both of which the United States and
Great Britain will have in abundance
before long,
Both our main opponents are fight-
ing outwards and thus putting the
United Nations on • exterior lines—a
form of strategic warfare which is
invariably expensive and slow, be-
cause it involves amassing greater
reserves of force, and the traversing
of great distances in order to con-
centrate superior power at the criti-
cal point.
To deal first with the war on the
seas. Twenty-five years ago the Bri-
tish Navy gained its strategic mobil-
ity through a series of defended ports
chiefly strung out along the Mediter-
ranean—Suez—Indian Ocean — Far
East route. At only one point, and
that was the Suez Canal, was this
vital British life line threatened by
land or sea atack. Moreover, the re-
quirements of a naval base in those
days were simply a combination of a
good harbor, strong coast defenses
and a sufficient field army to hold
the beaches against landing attack.
Problem of Naval Bases
This time, however, no naval base
is secure without a strong supporting
air force and this itself postulates
an area sufficient to contain several
air fields. This war has given us a
good example of what I mean. Our
main fleet base at Alexandria re-
quires a whole army and air force to
defend it. The old type of naval base,
such as Malta, Gibraltar and. Hong
Kong, suffers severely from the new
requirements and is not, in fact
usable for main fleets in the face of
air attack at short range. The net
result has been to force battle fleets
into main bases from which they can
control the oceans as opposed to the
narrow seas, and to force shipping
routes further into mid -ocean with a
consequent increased load on our
gain quick decisions on the Contin- mercantile marine.
ent, and Britain has never entered a Japan has, by a strong combination
war witbont realizing that it will of land, sea and air warfare, advanc-
probably last many years. How doled her frontiers to include every raw
these bistoric methods apply to the
United States requirements, and,
more importantly, bow do they apply
to a combined British -American
strategy?
The outstanding feature of this war
since December 7, 1941, so far as the
United States and Great Britain are
concerned, is that it is a live -navy
war. This is not the first time that
the United States has successfully
fought a naval war, but never before
have the American nod British sea
communications been so seriously
threatened,
1t is the aim of strategy to win a
war with as litle actual fighting as
possible. Hitler has followed this
theory to its logical conclusion by so
working on the morale of his oppon-
ents before attacking them as to
make each campaign a rapid certain-
ty from the start,
Lenin put it another way when he
said that "the soundest' strategy in
war is to postpone operations until
the moral disintegration of the enemy
renders the delivery of the mortal
blow both possible and easy."
We have seen this theory most
thoroughry put into practice by Hit-
ler against his successive opponents
material which she needs except
wool. Militarily, ahe'has secured her-
self, for the time being at any rate,
from serious attack from all quarters
except Siberia. There are strong
arguments for ber not advancing
further south again Australia and
New eZaland, or west against India,
until she has eliminated this one
danger spot. Whether she does this
or not, we are faced with formidable
problems of space and time in our
offensive against Japan. Your pro-
fessional soldiers and sailors have
necessarily planned for this very war
for years past and we can trust them
to take full advantage of great future
superiority in the air.
She's 111 ,. And "TOO TOUGH
TO DIE"
Hearty centarian'a explanation of
why she's "young" interests seient-
iste, even though their curiosity
about her rules of living don't Mut-
est her, it will he revealed in an ex-
traordinary article by Dr. Leonard
Keene Hirshberg, director -in -chief of
Inatitete for Medical Research, in
The American Weekly with next Sun-
day's (August 16) issue of The De-
troit Sunday Times.
was that the same woman wen the
'prize every week, That was Mrs,
Olen's job. She would tape a room in
a town the night before the carnival
arrived and every night she would
play Bingo, By Saturday the regular'
players took her for granted.
Most of the time the game weld
be operated honestly, Perhaps if bus-
iness were dull Olens would throw a
game or two her way. But this was
small fry. Mrs. Olens main job was
to win the big Saturday night prize.
The gaff to the game was simple
to the point of absurdity, No one but
Bill Clens saw the ball taken from
the "Goose," What was to prevent
him from calling out a different num-
ber? Nobhing. And that's just what
he 'did whenever he wanted to throw
a game to his spouse. She always sat
in such a position that Bill could see
the numbers on her card. That was
my first experience with Bingo and
until the last few years when it was
more or less cleaned up I seldom saw
a game operated honestly.
My second venture with crooked
Bingo was in a Florida resort town
in boom times. Here the game was
in an elaborate beach -front hotel,
and I was called in by the hotel -
owner, who had leased space to the
concession.
The game was played for a
mounting pot; first game $10, second,
$20, and so on up to $50. To ensure
honesty the players themselves pick-
ed the numbers. An assistant pass-
ing around the "Goose" and each
player in burn picking a number,
1 played for three nights running
and was going to give the game a
clean bill of health before I noticed
something suspicious. Several times
the person who selected the final ball
was the one to call Bingo. And when
this happened the pot was usually
$40 or $50.
Once my suspicions were aroused
the rest was easy. I soon learned that
three shills 'were scattered amongst
the players. After a score or so of
balls had been chose, the man car-
rying the "Goose" would arrive in
front of one of the shills. A. glance
at the players cards would show
what number he needed to win.
When the ball had been chosen the
assistant would look at it and call
out—not the number actually on the
ball—but the number which would
cause the shill to win. This game was
promptly shut down.
Several years later I ran into a
somewhat similar case in Atlantic
City. This one looked even more fool
proof. The players here picked the
numbers by throwing tennis balls in-
to numbered compartments. Every-
thing was in full view of everybody.
But shills were operating again. This
time afker the cry of Bingo by the
shill, the assistant would pick up his
card and call off any five numbers
marked off the master card. Any five
would do, no one else saw the winn-
ing pard.
But perhaps from what I have told
you so far you have gained the idea
that all of the cheating at Bingo is
done by the operators. Such is not
the case, There are several ways by
which the player can beat the game.
A few years back in Brooklyn I
exposed a woman cheating a Bingo
game, The method was so simple that
she worked the gag for mare than a
year without being caught,
At the club where this woman, a
Mrs. Duval played, the players were
furnished with individual cards for
each game. The numbers in play
were crossed off with pencil or cray-
on.
A close inspection of one of Mrs,
Duval's discarded winning cards gave
away her secret. A little scraping
with my thumbnail and one of her
numbers was transformed, The orig-
inal number on the card had been 43
but a few strokes with a heavy black
crayon had expertly changed the
three into an eight.
This isn't the only way, by which
a player can cheat a Bingo game,
nor is it the only time I have caught
them. Just a year ago, in Chicago, I
exposed a whole ring of swindlers
who were taking the Bingo games
for plenty.
At this game, held in a club, I had
just one evening to catch the crooks.
There wasn't time to study every in-
dividual, so I turned my attention to
the winners of each game, scrutiniz-
ing them as they resumed their play
in the next game. All methods of
cheating have a flaw,and that im-
perfection usually involves some
unnatural move on the part of the
crooked player. Finally my attention
was riveted on a well dressed youth
who had won twice.
I noticed he had a habit of licking
his thumb every time he placed a
counter on his Bingo card. I felt cer-
tain there was something untoward
in his finger -wetting actions. When
I was certain of his guilt I waited
till he called Bingo, then bad him
and his cards taken to the manager's
office.
A quick look at his cards and a
search of his clothes confirmed my
suspicions. The player had in his
pocket little, loose-leaf pochettes
containing sheets of numbered slips
like postage stamps. The stamp
numbers were of the same color pa-
per and printing as the Bingo cards.
With them it was a cinch to win.
The cheat realized he was caught
red handed and when I offered to
turn him loose he readily gave us all
the information we wanted.
Last seen he said he was going
West. Who knows—perhaps he's go-
ing to play Bingo at your club to-
night.
A teacher was impressing upon her
class the fact that you cannot sub-
tract one thing from others unless
they are of the same denomination.
"For instance," she. said, "we cannot
take two apples from three oranges."
Then a bright boy said: "But
teacher, can't we take four apples
from two trees?"
Want end For Sade Ads,. 3 weeks SOc
Thin Out Woodlot
For Best Returns
A woodlot on a farm is one of the
most valuable assets on the whole
Property, As a source of supply for
fuel and lumber it should, if, . well
Looked after, never fail. Fuel and
lumber while the war continues are
not going to get any cheaper, nor
probably for a long time afterwards:
What is the most satisfacory kind
of.woodloo to have? D. Roy Cameron,
Dominion Forester, gives the answer,
He says it is one on which there is a
stand of trees of neven age, ,small,
young trees, half grown trees and old'
trees mixed indiscriminately through
the lot. The reason for this is that
there is a supply of full grown trees to
be cut each year to be replaced by
seedlings.
Young stands of trees will not pro-
vide a full crop of wood each year
until the trees have become fully
grown. However, on many ofthese
young stands the trees may be too,
thick and when from 3 to 5 inches in
diameter many may die from suppres-
sion, Thin them out, urges Mr, Cam
'eron, by cutting a few of the slower
growing trees every year or so. This:
will give a supply of wood each, year
until the stand has become fully
grown. There are owners of woodlots'
who may boast that not a stick of
woodhas been remived for perhaps
50 years, Such a stand of trees can-
not grow properly and the owners get
no returns from it. Just as it is neces-
sary
eces sary to thin carrots- or other vege-
tables to get the best crop, so it is
just as necessary to thin out trees in
the woodlot.
One of the first steps in the im-
provement of rough untillable pas-
tures 3s to remove shrub and brush
growth, and this may be done most
satisfactorily in the late summer or
fall.
A Mayfair bomb fell on a mews,
demolishing garages and small flats
above them. One small bedroom
alone escaped. Wardens and police
rushed up. They saw a figure moving
about in the one surviving room.
"Are you all right?" they shouted.'
"Yes," came the reply, "but I can't
find my collar and tie."
Want and For Sale Ads, 3 weeks 50c
AUCTIONEER
F. W. AHRENS, Licensed Auction-
eer for Perth and Heron Counties.
Sales Solicited. Terms on Application,
Farm Stock, chattels and real estate
prope"ty, R. R. No. 4, Mitchell,
Phone 634 r 6. Apply at this office,
HAROLD JACKSON •
Licensed in Huron and Perth coun-
ties. Prices reasonable; satisfaction
guaranteed. For information, write
or phone Harold Jackson, phone 14
on 661; R.R. 4, Seaforth,
Counter
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SEAFORTH, ONTARIO,