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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1918-04-18, Page 7d •+.r By Agronomist. el thla'Department Is for the use of our farm readers who want the advice 'of an expert on any question regarding soil, seed, crops, etc, If your question Is of suff(olent general interest, it will bo answered through this column, If stamped and addressed envelope la enclosed with your letter, a comp •answer will be mailed to you, Address Agronomist, care of Wilson comet!" n Publishing Coe Ltd 73 Adelaide St. W., Torontc. PEA:Se—THE ST The high jn'ice at which peas have soli on the market for the last two yearn has given a decided impetus to their production, Canadian produce tion in 1917 exceeded the previous year by nearly a million bushels. This is as it should be, The production •of peas is lower than that of ''any of the cereals. Insect pests, diseases unci the low price decreased the pro- duction of this important legume pre- vious to the war, but since then, due to the rapidly rising price of the•.last three year's, the acreage has been .greatly increased, especially in the u'rovinces of Quebec, Saskatchewan and Alberta, When we consider the numerous ways in which one can utilize this crop either in the seed or on the vine it is surprising that pea growing has not received an even .greater itnpetus than it did last sea- son. Split peas and whole peas es- pecially in Canada occupy a promin- ont place in human diet hi that defect - •able food, pea soup. Pea ureal is a very proteinaceous food excellent for use in a balanced ration for stock - feeding purposes, furnishing as it sloes a low priced concentrate, Con- sidering the high price of concent- rates, the farmer who has a crop of peas, that he can convert into pea meal, is doing much to free himself from danger of exploitation at the hands of feed dealers. L'nthreshed peas are of great value for sheep feeding purposes, being an ideal whi- ter roughage for breeding ewes while they are Iiket+t,.+; an excellent feed for young cattle. They can also be suc- cessfully grown' with oats and ensiled, furnishing where corn cannot be grown one of the most valuable silage foods, or again the same mixture cern be cured as hay and fed with profit throughout the winter. As a summer pasture for hogs, they return profit- able,gains, an acre of peas forming a most valuable adjunct to the summer *ration coming in et a time when young shoats are able to make the best use of this kind of feed. The successful culture of peas is largely a matter of climate. Being a legume instead of a cereal, they are classed among those crops known OCKMAN'S CROP, as soil improvers, While they d0 nob do their• best on light soils particul- arly during a period of dry weather yet almost arty heavy well drains sell that has not been robbed of it virgin fertility will produce a goo crop. The beet' results aro obtained by putting them on sod land which has been ploughed the previous autumn and thoroughly top -worked before seed ing•, Peas cannot be sown as eg4ey as wheat or oats, owing to the tender mess of the young vireo which' a late spring frost is apt to damage seriously, also the cold and dampness of tho seed bed any cause a rotting of the seed. It is impossible to give an exact elate when It is desirable to start pea seeding, but this is a gen- eral rule that may be followed: If have sown your wheat on the earliest date possible, the seeding of peas may be commenced from ten to fourteen days afterwards. This rule might be modified in certain localities, depending entirely on the local weath- er conditions. We would recommend farmers who are in extreme northern districts, and who are desirous of trying out peas, often times experienced in hatching to start in a small way. As peas are early; 'chicks iseto get eggs that are tl sows from crushing their litters, The bedding in the :farrowing pen I should not be too abundant. With too much bedding the sow makes ei pit to farrow in, which brings about the crushing of the pigs, _I For three or four days previous to farrowing the rations" of the sow should bo reduced in quantity and be of a laxative nature. A ration too heavy or rich may stimulate an abhor- mal milk flow, and result in r so and use 1 death among pigs. Ten days previous to farrowing, the sow should be removed front other hogs and placed in her farrowing quarters, This familiarizes the sow with her new hone, and prevente the danger of injury which might result in the loss of her litter, The guar - tete:: should not be too largo, especially in cold weather. A pen nine by six feet is amply large for farrowing. .A guard rail around the edge of the pen is a necessary precaution,, The guard rail is nothing more than a allele ex- tending around the sides and ends of the pen, This shelf should be about six inches from the floor and should be from six to eight inches in width. Such an arrangement prevents heavy Uses Of Salt, A, smoky or dull fire can be nails clear by tihrowing a 'handful ei sale over it, Lemon juice and salt will clean cop- per and braes. To brighten carpets, wring a ploth out of salt Teeter and rub the cantata well, Ink stales that are freshly made can be removed from cerpote by suc- cessive applications of drys ]t. Harld'fule of salt will eledn sauce- pans and tape away the unpleasant smell of onions 1.4 they have beim cooked in them. Nearly every kind of basket work, matting or ohine can be cleaned by washing with suit and water, Stilt in water will take inserts from vegtables. Before adding vinegar to mint for sauce always add a pinch of salt, This prevents the mint from going• brown and greatly improves the flavor. Tiles will loop bright and clean if ecrubhed with salt, Tea E � ----a n y, A great secret of tea economy ie to add only a small quantity of boiling water at first and allow it to "draw" before adding the rest. Tea SO made is much better and stronger than when all the water is added at once. CARE OF HATCHING EGGS By James B. Watson. To insure eggs being produced next winter the pullets must be hatched early this spring. One difficulty subject to severe injury from frost both in the late sprit; and, early autumn, it would be poor advice to recommend any farmer• who is situat- ad north of the 50th parallel in the eastern provinces, and north of the eterd parallel in,the prairie provinces, to sow a large acreage until lie is ser- twin that they will escape late spring and early fall .frosts, The many ways in which one can utilize a few acres of peas with pro- fit, should tend to make this one of our most popular crops instead oe occupying, as it does, a lower place than any of the Canacliah cereals, There are no cultural difficulties 'o discourage the farmer while the chief insect pest, the weevil, can always be successfully controlled by the sul- phide treatment, There is a large place for peas in our farming and stockfeeding prac- tices, much larger than has been thought by most of our practical agriculturists,—Experimental Farms Note. t The first sign of a hen being broody (wanting to set) is that she stays longer on the nest when laying, and on being approached will quitelikely re- main and make a clucking noise, ruffle her feathers and peck at the intruder. When it is noted that a hen sets on a nest from two to three nights in suc- cession and that the feathers are dis- appearing from her breast, which eler.ould feel hot to the hand, she is ready to be transferred for setting to a nest which has previously been pre- pared. The normal temperature of a hen is from 106 to 107 degrees F., which varies slightly during incuba- tion. The neat should be in some quiet, out of the way place, where the set- ting hen will not be disturbed. Move her from the regular laying nest at MUSKRATS WANTED I will pay hl>rhest market prloes for Rata, Ginseng Root and all other raw furs. 20 years of reliable trading. Referenoe—rlatsu ilk, of Canada N. SILVER 20 et. rani BC W., Waontreal P.Q. Stare Cure for HEAVE Yore's what Jas. A Larnon, ahawvillo P,Q,. aac's about CAPITAL HEAVE ltEMEDll 1 1 used CAPITAL f1x,t'a REMEDY beim. eon a horse that another man turned on e bare pasture to etarro. I oared her with tho powders. 0 can prove this about the old horse; I hero her sot; elle has never shelved ileavessfaceRE�.+" TRIAL r., a-ftty e�ggr We have yeah confidence in this remedy thetwe scud a 2till week's trial tree, +"r Se. to cover postage and wrapping. Write tit crsssniesat stPP1,Y IIOOne, to•(1ny. see foepr street, Ottawa, Ont. INS;= ke It Y arsd:If The Tale Everlasting Coat only $4 to $6 per M Hand and Power hiaohInes Prices from $49 Op 'Send for infernta- • tion, !Farmers' +Cement Tile Machine Co, Welk..arvllle e Ont, night and handle her carefrlly in do ing so. Put a china egg or two in Ib nest where she is to set and place board over the opening• so that sh cannot get off. Toward the evening of the secon day quietly go in where she is setting leave somefeed and water, remov the board from the front or top 'o the nest and let the hen•come''o12 when she is realty. Should she return to the nest after feeding remove the china egg or eggs and put under those that are to be incubated. If the nests are slightly darkened the hens are less likely to beoome restless. At hatching time they should he confined and not be disturbed until the hatch is completed, unless they be- come restless, when it may be best to remove the chicks that are hatched first. In cool weather it is best not to put more than ten eggs under a hen, while later in the spring one can put twelve to fifteen, according to the size of the lien. Dust the hen thoroughly with insect powder, and In applying the powder hold the heat by the feet, head down, working the powder weal into the feathers, giving special attention to regions around the vent and'under the wings. The powder should also bo sprinkled in the nest. The Strawberry Bed. A poor stand of strawberry plants is often the result of late planting. Order the plants and have then on hand early in the spring so that they may be set out at the earliest oppor- tunity; Have the bed well prepared as for a garden crop. Mark the rows off three and one-half or four feet apart and set the plants every one and one-half or two feet in the row. Place the plants so that the crowns are juab above the ground, and firm the earth well about the roots, Before planting, if the roots are too long, they should bo shortened in as it is no advantage to have them longer than four or five inches. It is a well-known fact that plants absorb water by means of their roots and give water up to the air through their leaves. In a newly sot plant, which has not yet become established in the soil, the absorption of water is very slow, but the loss of water through the loaves centimes. In a dry season, therefore, we should reduce thie loss to a minimum, by removing all leaves which have opened when we trans- plant; ordinarily two leaves are left, Do not expose the pinto unnecessar- ily to the drying effects of the wind acid sun, bei kern them shaded and nofst while planting Uncover asparagus beds and rhu- barb plants, Fork over the beds light- ly, Set out asparagus and rhubarb as soon as the ground can be made ready, • e, however, if vigorous males are with healthy females and not too many females with one male, little 'trouble from this source may be ern- countcr'ed. The eggs to be placed in incubation must have careful handling, The eggs ought to be gathered daily and then not subjected to extreme or sudden changes of temperature. After the eggs are gathered they should be placed in a location not subject to variations of temperature and for this reason a dry cellar is possibly the best place to store the eggs until they are ready to ho placed in incubation. It i., important to hunt the eggs several times per day f£ they are, to be placed in incubation because if they are not the different hens using the same nest will sit on these eggs and in the course of a day the eggs are brought up to incubating heat several tines a' day and this is detrimental tc, the germ of the egg. Use •Care in Handling Eggs This year- while we are trying to conserve on every hand and trying to produce the largest amount of foods . ever produced it is important that we a use every means possible to gain this end and consequently we can not ex- ercise too much care in handling the d' eggs. 1 The hands should be elect.. in hand - e: ling the hatching; eggs. It is well 1 e to wash the hands before gathering Ithe eggs. Any oily substances on the hands may be rubbed on the egg and Ithus close up the minute pore:. in the 1shell through which the unborn chick breathes. Some also assert that die - 'oases of various•kinds may be trans- mitted to the egg through dirty hands. There has also been more or less 'trouble encountered with deformed and crippled incubator chicks. In n fact, we don't believe we have ever taken off a ]catch from the incubator, ' but what there were several deform - I ed chicks, while on the other hand, i we don't think we ever removed a c clutch of chicks from a hen and i found a single deformed chick among a the lot and this is the case after c thirty years' experience with chickens. t Much experimenting has been carried I on with the hope of finding the cause b of this trouble,' but nothing• has been 1 found that will absolutely overcome • the difficulty. The subject of white diarrhoea of young chicks has been given scientific Istudy but as yet no absolute cure or preventative has been discovered and about the only thing to do is to use precautionary measures as the proper handling of the hatching eggs. Keeping The Eggs Eggs that are intended fcr hatch in • should be k gathered enteral flutes Iper day and taken to some location ivhere the temperature will not vary to ,any great extent. For this reason the dry cellar is probably the best place. Although should the cellar be quite damp the eggs held therein may not hatch well because the film of moisture that will collect on them will affect their hatchability material- ly, The small end of the egg should be placed down, to protect the air space', With a little study and discrimi- in the large end of the egg', and then ration it becomes very easy to ,idf- eggs should be gently turned daily. ferentiate a wilful, angry cry from Eggs intended for hatching should not a cr'y of pain. LOUD HEALTH QUESTION BOX By Andrew Ir, Currier, M.D. Dr, Currier will anewer all slgned cfuestloa is of general interest It will 12 not, it will be auawered personally eloeed. Dr. Currier will not prescelbe Address Dr. Andrew F. Currier, cure fee West, Toronto. What Muy he. Done ter a Cryi Baby? S. R.--14fy little girl, two and a ]calf years old, 'refuses to sleep dur- ing the day and at night cries and screams terribly unless i remain in the room with her, Do you think it is proper to let her scream until she falls asleep, or should she be punish- ed, and if so what sort of punish merit? Do you think I ought to give in to her? g The ,eubjeet is a large and import- ant one and appegls to almost every mother who looks after her children hereeif, as every mother ought tie do. If elle can. Upon the way this sub- jest is treated, much depends as to the future welfare of each individual baby. There are many things which must firet be excluded before one decides how a crying baby is to be treated in any given case, and Inc all cases patience and love and avoidance of anger must be practised to the very limit of your endurance, and then some more. Exclude, first of all, as a cause for crying, pain—for babies have feelings and are subject to painful impressions, just like other folks, whether from safety pins, tigbt clothing, or stomachache. Of course you must find out whether the crying is due to these, or to any other removable cause. Then there is the matter of dispo- sition; a baby whose mother was I fretful and hysterical during her !pregnancy, or suffered with grief or worry or great disapj�ointment or a brutal husband, will almost certain- ly be a crying baby. It is born so, it can't help it, and the only thing a mother can do is Ito be patient and pitiful. But a child may also inherit a bad I temper from one or both parents, t and cry and cry from sheer ugliness letters pertaining to Health. If your be attdwerod through these eolumne; 1f stamped, addressed envelope is. en. for individual eases or make diagnosis. of Wllsou Publishing Co., 79 Adelaide pathy and love to overcome your' judgment. Sometimes a judicious, remember judicious, use of the hand, or slip per, will be a real benefit and kind - nese; and it may be surprising how quickly, under such treatment, the baby will learn and appreciate who is master or mistress of the house- hold. Babies often have more intelli- gence than they are given credit for, and quickly learn to put two and two together. If you can stand the annoyance, and it is not too much of an imposi- tion on your neighbors, it would be better for the baby to keep on crying until she is tired out and then goes to eleep, than to give in to her. RUSSIAN ARS' VICTIM OF FATE SOLDIERS AMAZED AT TURN, A ,' 7JYIsN T$ IN RUSSIA. e; , e ter tc go 1:nglls1e Red Cross .xitr S* 'fells Sordid Tale of Official 1'reacheiy, Le Russian soldiers who have been in the trenches for more than three years are no less amazed than civilians. at the,rapid turn of events in Russia and stand Inc hopeless confusion, unable to distinguish friends from enemies and powerless to bring order out of chaos, The attitude of the average soldier is shown by the following latter write ten last month from the front to 1ta English Red Cross sister, who nursed him back to life after lie had been Se- verely wounded and gassed and en- abled him to return to the trenches: "In the trenches everything is quiet, I go out scouting every day looking You won't have to go through the Por Germans, who have retreated from experience many tunes, and if you our trenches for about fifteen miles. give up to her you may have to do here with us the light has gone out of it for an indefinite period, everything elere are hungry, dressed Now don't say I am cruel and don't Inc rags and barefooted; the food is know what I am talking about, for I very bats; we have very little bread; have seen and handled many babies the only meat eve get is horseflesh, and during many years of professional that Is not fresh. We have got a Iife, and more than that, I um very horse of our own, but have nothing to fond of them. ' I fend it with, so are thinking of eating But it often happens that you can.. it ourselvee. There is no help for us best show your Iove for a baby, not! anywhere. It is our fate to be thrown by yielding to his will, but by en- !asitle and forgotten by the world ani deavoz•ing to have hint submit. to to die of cold and hunger, yours, "!)eat little sister, while 1 write I wonder whether you will read my let- CESTIONS AND ANSWERS ter for I amsoldier, Q a and now every W. K. IL—Have been called, ex- soldier is eonsidcred a iraitw• and 15 emitted and passed for the draft, but blamed for all that has happened, But, am troubled with constipation, aclr- i clear little sister, just think, ithereie ing at the and of the spine and sirs_, is the soldier to blame, Ile le the nese of the face and ears. I would same soldier he was Inc 1914. In most like to get in good condition before cases he has been wounded several Using called. • timesy.has been poisoned by gas, has Answer—I entirely sympathize with suffered and is still suffering all the byou in your dosis to get yourself horrors of war, and > yet—he is to into good candition so that ,you may name for everything? And why? servo the country. I would suggest Because our whole Government are that you drink at least two quarts of ; tralters/ nilk a day and that you take a doses "Formerly, the Russian soldier was of castor oil each night 'before going feared by -the whole world, but note he held over two weeks or ten days, although we have held them for three weeks and hail excellent hatches, but to • hold eggs for such long periods is not to be encouraged. Rough hanlling of eggs may break or loosen the egg germ from its loca- tion, The egg germ is the little white disk -like spot noticed on the yolk when the egg is broken open. Inc receiving hatching eggs from a dis- tance the shipper usually advises the receive ' r to allow the eggs to sit for twenty-four hours before placing them in incubation, this is done to al- low the germ Inc the egg to right it• - self. Also to allow the egg to settle and the air space to become normal. It sometimes happens that the eggs in the nest that are wanted for inch- bation become badly soiled and if they' are not cleaned the hatch :nay be in- terferred with. . Soiled eggs should be washed in lukeevarni water to clean then of the dirt. Although experi- ments have been shown that a hatch of 62,5 per cent. has been secured of unwashed eggs and forty .per cent, ofl washed eggs. However, the state-' nient is not clear whether the eggs' were washed with a solution of alcohol or creolin to overcome white diarrhoea or merely in clear water to' lean, them of dirt and filth:. The trip- le fl'orn dirty eggs may be overcome f the fowls are not p • emit=ted to- for- ge in dirty and filthy i ue.rters and if lean litter and plenty of- nesting nut - oriel is supplied. In the above some suggestions have een made upon the,care of the hatch- ing eggs seem small within them- selves but will do much 'toward in- suring success and are applicable whether the eggs are to bo trlaed un- der hens or in incubators. Now, puppy, you must hold a bail Upon Mir hose; don't let it fall. And then to make a bone}}' trick, .iI balaiwe aan Ithbue en thla sushi, to bed. It would also be desirablethat he has been betrayed no one even for you to get night or nine hours remembers hfm. Formerly every sleep, if possible, etery night and take' commander tried to cause as many us much exercise out of doors ne ^you' losses to the enemy as possible, but i Even then, don't get angry if you can. I hope this will put you in first' now they try to lose ars many of their can help it, neither anew your sm. class condition for service. own men as possible without harming the enemy. 1 "Take Riga, for example, Every The Soil Builder. it should be our first ambition to .vin the war, but while our burning desires are leading us to make a surpreme effort just now, let u$ re- member that there may be just as ,loud and earnest calls for grains and meats for a fete years to come; and while we work hard to do our hest let us consider it our duty to so manage that the possibilities of the production of grains and meats will be as great at the end of the period of the war, be it long or short, as they are to -day. Those who are soil robbers and fol- low the plan of special crop -farming for their own selfish gains alone, have a narrow vision of Iife and its n>ean- •ing• and live in a narrow sphere. But the man who lives and strives for the beat interests of humanity, whether in high life or among the teeming masses has a large and noble soul; and is capable of enjoying many bene- fits which flow from the fountains of love and true happiness, while he leaves influences lineind which will lighten the burdetfse of life which would otherwise bear'heavily on the deserving and innocent members of future generations. Bees Worthy of Much Care. Every colony of bees should be Managed se that it will produce as much honey as possible during tho coming summer. Since the sugar supply is limited on account of the. demand abroad there is no danger of ' over -production of honey for some time to come. Prices offered for ex- tracted honey to -day are three times what they were a little more than a pears ago. Bees are worth giving the best of care( and colonies now in inadequate hives should be transfer- red to modern ones at fruit -blossom. lug time, be given plenty of room for brood rearing, and be provided with a storage of honey, Bees are the only agents capable of recovering the tons and tons of nectar that will be avail- able irons all sorts of flowers during the growing season, Without bees all this is wasted. To Escape Moths. All old English method of keeping tithe from blankets during the sum- mer is to wash them thoroughly and pack tltenr away with slices of yel- low soap and folded newspaper be- tween, Moths dislike the smell of soap Or' printeei' ink. Easy Fig Pudding.—One-half pound cooking figs, ono and one-half cups cold water, two tablespoons brown sugar, one cup boiling water, two tablespoons corn starch (dissolved), one -inch stick cinnamon, nuts, lemon juice, C'at tip figs, let soak in cold water for half an hour, Boil till soft. Add sugar, boiling water, corn- starch dissolved in coli water, cinna- mon and a few nuts cut up, Boil till clear. Just before removing from stove add a little lemon juice. Let cool. Serve with top milk or whipped cream. This recipe serves six people. • �.' �.t'�:,5?c�...'t.•�ci '3.^.:f �.t':� ;ice ai'0.,>,r0:t'•:c t"�74:t� BIRDS ypt al'aF'd�:ifi1s•e e:irwai'L�: iu,+,�::c •�. �:?:•2 ?et8.17 The protection of birds and th l� e IncC So valuable are the birds in pro tasting crops fren> inset pests. that , without then, the grass crop, whish is the biggest of all crops the world over, would hardly be possible. The birds feed on the pests which kill the grass, especially those which eat the roots. Dr. Forbush gives the birds a prac- tically c':neplete alibi as enemies of the farmer. He backs his stateme-ars by se, many specific instances in which birds have saved crops that those who heed his words will protect these feathered friends. Protection of the birds is nut merely a matter of senti- ment, but has a fundamental economic basis. Parent birds work incessantly to keep their young sufficiently fed. A young bird is about the biggest eater in the world. Audubon, the great naturalist declared a woodcock would eat its weight in worms in a night. It has since been shown that it will do better than this; and it will eat twice its weight Inc twenty-four hours. In proportion to his size, if a man needed as much food as a young robin to it would mean he would have to eat a qu bologna sausage 67 feet long and 9 g inches in circumference each day. on A fernier who thought the robins Tn were pulling up his young cabbages learned from a student of bird life hu m soldier was willing to give his life for . it and many tears have been shed by us over it. But it was surrendered without a fight and again the soldier was blamed. It was not known that 1 the order for the retreat had been giv- ,problenn of tend production bear a �r .1 c lel ' e atr utli according P,to E, Il Forbush, anornithologist of Mass nchusetts, as talk recently given a Ithe Starts College of Agriculture a Cornell. en and was enforced by the threat of capital punishment in the case of die obedience. The artillery has been re- t moved from the district where the t Germans broke through the line and the regiments which had been station- ed there consisted of old men and boys who bad had no experience. "Formerly this district had been guarded by the very best regiments and a great quantity of artillery had been placed there, but ,just before the German art removed and only one regiment left on guard, which was simply swept away. As to the runners that the soldiers run away from the trenches and loot— nowadays, all the scoundrels put on soldiers' uniforms and disgrace them. And as to the soldiers not wanting to fight any more—remember we have been in the trenches for more than three years and the knowledge that we are being betrayed on every hand and 'the fact that we have lost faith in the war finishing with victory to tis znakes it impossible for us to fight any longer." —__ Sewing on Buttons. To make buttons stay in place on the boy's garments, cut the leather tabs from .old shoes and from these cut circular pieces about the size of a n -cent piece. When a button is re- ired 00 any garment subject to 'eat strain, place one of the pads the inner side of the garment wber't' the button is to be sewed on. ck it securely around. Sew on the tton in the usual way, always re.- embering to put a knot on your thread between the button and the cloth; also to put a good winding thread around the neck of the button, as this is a source of strength. But- tons sewn on in this manner will never drag a hole in the material. Indubitable Evidence. Most children are familiar with the traditional rite regarding newly shell teeth—that if you drop a tooth downs a crack in the floor and call upon "Mousie, mousie," to take the old tooth in exchange for a gold one, the request will surely be granted, on condition that you keep your tongue out of the cavity until "mousie" can come with the new gold tooth. "0 Miss Avery!" she gasped pies- ent'.ly. "You did keep your tongue out of the hole, didn't you?" .*et' that the birds were pulling up only those plants• which were dead; and this was to get at the wire worths at the root, which had caused the plants to die, and which would destroy other cabbages if left alone. In another case a group of farmers thought the meadow larks were destroying their crops. An' ornithologist persuaded one Bermes to spare the larks on -his place. The other farmers shot them, Tho result was that the nrau who snared the larks was the only ono for miles around who had an oat crop. The birds killed the insects which de- stroyed the other crops, A Massachusetts cranberry grower suffered heavy loss from a worm Which ate the berries, He encouraged the birds to build in his bog and in a few seasons he found he was bothered not at all by the worms: Birds may be encouraged to build in orchards by having suitable nesting boxes provided and by being protected from their enemies. Their presence will favorably affect fruit production. They also help save the trees, bears° there are various birds Which protect ,lifferent parts of the tree; some feed on the insects which work at the roots; some 5u those winch bore into the hark, and still others- on those which set the leaves. To San the Milk Calle, et le often a question to a farmer's wife to knotiv jest where to stns and air the mills pant, pails andcans. The contrivance which I saw- recently near a kitchen door solves the problem nicely. It was simply au old wagon axle driven past way into the ground with a large wheel on the upper inti. The tinware was spread about on the spokes. -32,