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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1917-10-25, Page 2By Agronomist This Department le for the use of our farm readers who want the advice' of an expert on any question regarding soli, seed, crops, etc. If your question Is of sufficient general .interest, It will be answered through this column. If stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed with your letter, a complete answer will be mailed to yell, Address Agronomist, care of Wilson Publishing CO., Ltd„ 7$ Adelaide St. W., Toronto. SELECTING SEED POTATOES .Will potato parings reproduce pota- near the average for the variety as toes'? In this day of eonservation, possible Inthe long.. run,the aver - some truths are being impressed which age will hold its own where the dwarfs would never have dawned had it not and giants are both overthrown. been for the agitation which was kept A man said to me the other day: "1 up thiss spring and through the sum- would rather have the poor bull in a mer. To -day, I saw potatoes dug from family of good cattle than the good tt e hill whore only eyes were planted, bull in the family of poor cattle. I in many cases, as high as five market- believe that the first one would stand able tubers being produced from a far greater chance of transmitting the single hill'. In like manner, a large desirable qualities of his family." The number of potatoes were produced same identical reasoning ought to from hills where only cones were • hold with potatoes. Better to plant planted, each cone containing an eye the poor potato among a hill of good ones than the good potato among ;a hill of poor ones. In these busy times, one is likely to meet up with the contention that the potato grower has not time to bother with selecting his seed potatoes but because of the busy and momentous times, it is all the more appropriate and necessary to insure a plentiful supply of good seed for next year. Like produces like, and to get good' crops without planting good seed is next to impossible. Hill selection has been known to in- crease the yield of potatoes as high as ten bushels per acre when kept up for and as mnch.of the potato as would be secured by removing the eye with a pen -knife, While' perhaps good as an economy measure, if this were kept up for some time we would no doubt hear, "this variety of potatoes has completely run out," which is equivalent to saying that the seed was not selected careful- ly. Almost all cases of varieties of farm stocks running out can be direct- ly traced to the fact that the seed was. not carefully selected. We are prone to run to extremes on various ideas and do not stop to see whithe. we are tending with the thing one two years and with potatoes atwe push.. Some growers plant large dollar potatoes, and excel t to keep up the per bushel, the extra seed guaranteed would go quite a ways to- ward insuring a large supply of pota- toes. • If one continues to plant small seed each year, he multiplies small ones. For instance, here are two hills, one with a single small potato and the other with four. By using -this seed, the unprolific hill is multiplied by four while the prolific hill is multiplied by only one. The same thing may go on another year and the poor hill is multiplied by sixteen while the other is again multiplied by one, until in four or five years a new kind of pota- to must be imported. Practical results show that it pays, and pays well, to select potatoes from the field. Select for seed from those hills where there are the largest num- ber of potatoes and all of -them mar- ketable. The hill unit is the only sat- isfactory unit for the improvement of potatoes. vitality of the seed. Such a procedure, of course, depletes the natural re- sources of the plants and results in no potatoes. Continual breeding from large and overgrown individuals in- evitably results in retrogression for the variety. Again, there are those who planted real small potatoes this year and they are this fall gratified with the results. It will result in that they will continue to plant the small potatoes and the course of a few years will see these varieties running out from the same cause. Reprouction from the dwarfs of a plant will eventually result in dwarfs; in other words, running out. If we follow the same line of reason- ing that we pursue in other matters, we would be forced to conclude that to keep the potatoes from running out; it is necessary to plant each year speci- mens or parts of specimens that are as ibitn! The chief aim of the poultry keeper tthis time of year is the production f ', winter eggs and the course fol - owed by many in endeavoring to hit e mark is that of excessive feeding very often without sufficient regard r other items that are of importance. ne of the first requirements for suc- ss in this direction i; the selection early -hatched pullets and the sec - d' is the provision of comfortable nter quarters, while the matter of larity in feeding should receive 1. 14EST PRICES PAID r POULTRY, GAM=_, EGGS ,3. FEATHERS Please write for particulars. P. ',annex & c0., noaseeours nrariset, Montreal 0 DA l R'BZ9€"B'€1RS YOU TRAP FUR; The largest fur house itl the, world needs your furs. ergo. pay cash. Write for our` new price list on Rac. cool,.Musluat Skunk,Opos- sem! Fox and other Furs. Trappers send us their furs year after year because they dol. Ourr new book will tell you how to trap—shows the dif- ferent furs in beautiful, natural colors --gives the game laws ,on steel traps, smokers, etc. Send cday-FREE. LMISTTEIO E63QS. a rC'®, sten Building et. Lou's, ago, as much attention as that of providing a sufficiency of feed without waste. In planning for the wintering of the entire flock of the farm, or poul- try establishment, a distinction be- tween the layers and breeders must be made in the matter of feeding. The pullets should be fed heavily from now on in preparation for the laying season, while the old hens may be fed sparingly. Exercise is necessary to maintain the health of any bird and especially of those receiving a heavy ration so, to enforce this, the grain supply should be fed in a deep litter, night and morning. .A. mash consist- ing of bran or middlings, cornmeal, and a littlebeef scrap may be kept before the pullets with advantage, but should only le offered at intervals to the other birds. An account should be kept of all expenses and receipts in connection with the flock in winter, also a record of the date at which each pullet be- gins to lay, and if possible, a count of each bird's production of eggs. By this means, if the age of a pullet is known, a proper idea of the advis- ability of making a special effort to secure winter eggs may be obtained, also a notion of the age at which birds may be expected to begin to produce profitably. An EnglishJoke, The subject of the lesson- was "The Cow," says the London Opinion. To- ward the end the teacher was asking the class about the uses to which the parts of the dead animal were put, and it had been established that the flesh was eaten, and out of the hide leather for boots was made. "And what do we make of the horns?" he queried. At first all were silent, and then one sharp little boy puttip his hand. "Well, my boy?"- "Hornaments, sir." 1 CANT Go To THa OF'10E YODAN WITH MN 1=1a IN THIS r_ oh "1gs Not) cAN - You BR UG is OUGHT W140 La LE WH A) F Ail O i NOUY SELF R- ou may be deceived sonic clays by ail" nitation p and possibly y'ou wall >Itot detect .this imitation untie the tea-pot reveals it. Demand always.the genuine " Salada9R in the sealed aluminum packet, and see that you get itif you want that unique flavour oX fresh, Glean leaves properly prepared and packed. MOTHER -WISDOM To Teach Children Obedient Its oe B ° e Able to Protect Them. By Helen Johnson Keyes and John M. Keyes, M,B. Obedience is a necessary tool in causes the inconvenience of alterin the hands of parents, Without ' g tt his clothes or buying new ones but n what mother would blame him for growing tall? Neither must he be blamed for desiring independence even though it makes things harder for us, for that is the growth of his character. •After the ago of about ten, there- fore, children become more and more difficult to train because their wills and desires stretch up toward grown-' up ways while their powers and judg-' ments remains young and unreliab ' More than ever then, mothers must they can not preserve their ildre against dangers because the children are too young to understand those dangers and save themselves. Obedi- ence should begin at birth when the baby is taught to nurse at the hours appointed for him, to sleep when he is laid down without rocking and coax- ing and to endure washcloth and soap. suds. As he grows older and gains power to disobey it is necessary sometimes to punish him for doing so or for being slow in his obedience. It is almost as important, for the sake of safety, that a child should obey quickly as that he should obey at all. Unless he comes quickly when he is called, the horse may run over him; unless he lets go of the knife at once when told to do so, he may be cut. Danger usually ap- proaches swiftly. There is nothing which develops the habit of disobedience more surely than a mother's giving commands which she does not insist on having carried out. - That makes a child disobedient much faster than giving him no com- mands. I was very proud one day because of a conversation I overheard between my small daughter and a playmate. Said my little girl: "Can you tease your mother into changing her mind after she has told you you mustn't?" "Of course!" answtir•ed theme"little comrade, quite as a matter of course, to which my child replied with con-; viction:, "Well, I can't," The necessity for insisting on the orders we give, makes it very import- ant that the orders should be wise and just. How easy it is to be unwise and unjust, to say "don't" too often! A child annoys us by rubbing his hands over the tables, chairs and papers, by rolling on the floor or lit- tering the room with scraps of paper and we begin our impatient "don't's." By doing these things he is in along with their habit of obedience. reality educating himself, sending -The days should not be so full of rules himself to school. and duties and By touch, the child under six years tasks that no time is of age learns much about shapes, tex- left for canddren toa make theiroown tures and numbers; and if the delicate pldecisions and choose theirown sly power in the tips of his fingers is not taught how If a they are not early allowed to develop at this early age, ttaught to reason,oe those and by his seventh year it will lose its p sdecide, their development into well - keenness, poised men and women will be inter- By rolling on the floor in his un- me with with sadly, f We are justly proud that our coun- gainly fashion he gives himself his first military training! Physical train- try has no our farmersart plass as Europe has ing is now being made a part of public and that ottr are as fro forgett school work and is the first grade in our merchants. Let us not military preparation, this in the way we bring eupn our ivies $y cutting paper—a great delight dren. We are training them for lives to every little child—he teaches him- of independence, not to be the servants i be careful not to say "do" and "don't" more often than is necessary. They may even allow their children to run some risk of trifling hurts in order that they may learn by experience. These risks, however, should have to do only with the child himself; when• the happiness of the family or neigh- bors is in the balance, the child must be controlled by the wisdom of older heads. He must learn definitely that nobody can risk the well-being of oth- ers for the sake of pleasure for him- self . im-self. If the mother has always held the love, respect and confidence of her child, as he grows older he will con- tinue to yield to her without very fre- quent rebellion. She will reap wh she sowed in the preceding years. If, on the other hand, she gave orders and did not insist on his obey- ing them, he will escape her control when he is old enough to hold the power to do so; if she filled his child- hood days with unnecessary "do's" and "don't's," he will have made up his mind that there is no sense in her commands and that his advancement depends not 'on obeying them but on disobeying them. The period is short when we can protect our children against hurts and evils; soon they must defend them- selves. From the beginning, there- fore, we must have this idea in view. We must train the will power and the reasoning power of our boys and girls GOOD HEAL'T'H QUESTION BOX By John' B, Huber, M.A., M.D. Zr,• Huber lull] answer all' signed letters pertnlning to health, if your` question So of 'general inlerost 'it will be answered through these columns ; It. not, lt.will be answorAtl 'personally if. tamped,• addressed. eevelepe.is en: closed Dr. Huber will not prosoilbe for lndividaal eases ,br make dlagneels. Address!Ar, Jghn,13i HuborR'4aro-$t Wilson Pubiislltng Co;, 1.1 West Adelaide St., Torente.i Early to Led and earti#to rise—but you can't if you're a doctor, IMPETIGO I WA, )3ABY, of 9 months has 'blisters inMyi thebaby Ease from which a great deal Of matter runs. Answer—This would seem. to be impetigo, an/ inflammation ; that gen- erally settles around the mouth and nose of infants and school children. Sometimes it is not, but generally it is, "catching," There are pea to finger nail sized, blistery eruptions that within a few days dry into straw colored, flat and wafer like crusts, The child is likely to be peevish. -When the crusts fall off, the surface beneath. is red as'if from a burn. There is not scarring. Poor and ill nourished ehil- dren and those having digestive dis- turbances suffer most, The trouble is curable within a few days. The salve known to druggists as Lassar Paste should be constantly applied. The contagious variety may be carried -from one part of the body to another by scratching. As the disease is, however, not very itchy, children are pot much tempted to use their finger nails. That makes the difference be- ,tween this trouble and eczema, which Li always itchy, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, Eye Strain.' For about 6 years I have had ner- vous breakdown the result of eye strain. ' My eyes crossed but have straightened through wearing glasses. If I cover the affected eye and read with the other my head pain ceases or lessens. At times there is movement in the eye which it seeins to be impos- sible to control and of course this takes a lot of strength out of me, makes me despondent and hinders my getting better. I have asked my doc- tor to take out the affected eye but he will not. Do you think this is iritis? at Answer—Your doctor is right. The fault would seem to be not within the eye itself but with ono or more of the six museles by which the various movements of the eyeball are controlled, By operation on the mus- cles at fault and by the.r•ight use of prisms in spectacles this malady should be cured; and then your nor- vousness will no doubt also become a thing of the past, Iritis is an inflam- mation of the iris, that,,idoughput shaped part -of the eye which gives to the eye its color—brown or gray or violet. The hole within this dough- nut is the pupil of the eye, , Dry Mouth. I am 81 years of age. ' For 3 or more years I have been a great suf- ferer (nights especially) from extreme dryness of the throat, tongue and. mouth, cadsed.by the inaction of the salivary glands. ,� Answer—There may be"some ca- tarrh of the nose and throat by which you are compelled during sleep to keep your mouth open. This your excel- lent physician would do much for. Have -the kidney excretion examined. The cause may here be found—pos- sibly a mild form of diabetes or kid- ney ailment. Dry mouth (Xerostomia) may also be due to nervousness or some strong emotion. Sometimes the fault lies in substances inhaled or tak- en with food; sometimes gas on the stomach is a reason. Very frequently excessively dry air is inhaled, es- pecially when sleeping in a room heat- ed by hot air radiators; this cause may be removed by placing a vessel of wa- ter upon the radiators. I must cons- pliment you on the beautifully written letter sent me by a lady eighty-six years young. _.That is what Oliver Wendell Holmes said of himself on his eightieth birthday, that he was and felt "eighty years young." statement, "Obedience is a necessary tool in the hands of parents." It is a tool; not an end in itself. It is the power with which we protect our boys and gills while we know more than they. But a time will come when they must learn to know more than we know—for life would be worthless if the new generation did not progress beyond the old one -and from the be- ginning we must prepare them and ourselves for this change. , If we do so strongly, lovingly, generously, our children, grown to be young men and women, will give us respect, gratitude and love, which are as much warmer and more life-giving than ..obedience, as faith is warmer -and more life-giv- ing than a body of laws. Hogs are the quickest and largest meat producers in the world. It is well to remember that the youngest pork is the cheapest pork and that the fattest hogs are the most expensive. This is only another way of stating two facts that should be Constantly kept in mind by the feeder of hogs, viz.: 1. The older the hog the more feed t takes to make a pound ,of gain. 2, The longer the feeding period, the more feed it takes to make a pound of gain. The above facts have been repeat., edly proven by experiment stations and by expert feeders; hence the farm- f er should depend on young hogs for his market pork. These should be finish- ed as rapidly as possible and as soon as they command a good price rushed to the market. It seldom pays to prolong the feed- ing period far into the winter, Pork ade at this time is costly for three easons,—the two stated above, and the third one that hogs cannot lay on fat rapidly in cold Weather. This is because it takes so much feed to keep the animals warm. It is usually the wisest plan to fat- ten hogs as rapidly as possible and then dispose of them before winter sets in: Pork made in this way is the cheapest pork and hence returns the largest profits. Agitation for "Votes for Women" is very active throughout Japan, skill with his scissors and the of employers. Country life needs lead- selfpower to put his ideas into form; that the. Farm women will perform for is, if he thinks of a bird, he cuts out their which could one be the greatest se y something a little like a bird, which he brine irsons addaughters performed if they calls a bird and with which he plays. bring they their s and daughters sr These acts are the self -education of that b wh become leaders inthat the children; let us understand that and life which has dawned for the hold back our "don't's," even though Canaac- complished shedian a unless m. we teachis 11 not be ac - the play may annoy us, them to We mothers must learn, then, to in- think, plan, invent, imagine, as well sist on obedience when we ask it but as to obey. also we must learn to let the child Each child is a problem by himself, alone much of the time. different from his brothers and sisters. As our boys and girls grow be- One child may be too self-willed and 1 m yond little childhood, they begin to dis- need much discipline in obedience; he r may be a dreamer and need the train - like control. They want to decide for An - themselves what to do and how to do ing of many hard, regular tasks. An - is. sols isa just asto it shouldand be; if o other child may obey too easily—for child were content to be ruled, he this also is possible, may lack decision not learn self-reliance. and the wish and power to assume re - would mother must have very good sponsibility. ' This second child al- Thejudgment about the manner in which promisethough sweet and lovable,thhasfartub less she demands obedience as her child r. him than hisostubborn de - grows older. In the first place she brother. He must be forced to must realize that his desire for in- dependcnce is not naughty but just as natural and just as necessary as the lengthening of his legs. His growth1 This brings us back to our opening tide for himself and released as far as possible from strict government if he is to become a strong enough roan to shape his life usefully. to imam -Fs ®f la IIAVE To MAK>r UP SOME PNONTs`( EXCUSE To TELLTNE FELLOW AT TIM, orrice - Ls -rt s .n now, WIIAT WILL SOUND ReAsoNABLE? Blinn -' q neon 1121. Glanders is an infectious disease affecting' horses and sometimes at- tacks man. One of the symptoms is the formation of ulcers in the nose and or a discharge, mixed tivith blood, but without an offensive odor, from the nose. The glands under the jaw of- ten swell. Swellings often occur on the legs, ulcers sometimes form on the skin, the coat is apt to be dull, and the affected horse loses flesh. The discharges from the nose con- tain the germs which shows how easy it is for a glandered horse to infect a watering trough or manger. It also gives an idea of the care that needs to be exercised when glanders is in a community in order to keep well horses from becoming infected. Horses that come from a distance, whether brought by horse traders, immigrants, or gipsies, sometimes are affected and so spread the contagion. There is no cure for glanders and being so contagious it has beim found best to kill glandered horses! The sooner they are killed and destroyed the less danger of other horses be- coming` infected. - It is not always possible to diagnose glanders from the symptoms. A test Oiled the Mallein test can be used to determine whether a horse has glan- ders or not. This test is very reliable. Glanders also attacks humans, and is usually fatal. Care should be tak- en in handling a glanclered horse. The infection comes through some of the glanders pus getting into the eye or gaining entrance through the skin where it is cut or scratched. "'Aklny of rite Interior." Bach human life is gui;i'ded by a host of soldiers within the body, Largely upon the efficiency of these soldiers depends the survival of that community of living cells which the body represents, When enemy bacteria attempt an invasion, these little sol- dlers, the white corpuscles in the blood, quickly appear upon the scene and give battle, ' If the enemy is powerful, like the germ that causes pneumonia, 'then regiment upon regiment of thousands and millions of new soldiers are launched into the blood stream, by way of which they proceed to the scene of action. The nt'unber of white corp- uscles in. a drop of blood may increase, in a case of pneumonia, from the nor- mal count of 250,000 and 360,000 to 600,000 or 1,000,000 and even to 3,- 500,000. Thus the battle is success- fully waged. . Examinations of the blood, taken as a matter of periodic protection, sometimes reveal so high a percent- age of white corpuscles as to indicate some hidden infection, which must lie searched out. In obscure cases of appendicitis, for instance, the blood count is a helpful diagnostic measure. A curious thing about the white blood corpuscles that float or swim n the blood plasma is that when need arises they can migrate through the wall or tube that ineloses the blood lid thus reach the enemy that is rying to make an entrance into the ystem. The red corpuscles in the lood have no such power to migrate. Besides the soldiers among them, who attend to the business of cle- troying the live enemy, there are white corpuscles whose duties seem to orrespond to the engineers and the ed Cross workers. When a wound ccurs the blood clots, and out of the aterial of which the clot is made arise the white corpuscles, which set ' bout the work of repairing and heal- ngthe flesh. The principal thing we need • to -now about this "army of the inte- or" and its engineers and Red Cross others is that their fighting and orking capacities may be greatly ssened by things we do ourselves. They become weakened if we over work, or over or under eat, or worry, smoke too much, or use alcohol. A patient addicted to alcohol is a poor one for the surgeon, who calls upon the utmost capacities bf the little white soldiers to aid him in repairing the wounds which he must inflict. *- A person will take cold from sitting in a draft (a cold is a germ disease) at one time and not do so under simi- lar circumstances at another time. In one case the soldiers were on the job with full strength; in the other case their power ha.d been lessened by some stress from which the body had not fully recovered,. Protect the little white soldiers and they will protect you. 4, a b s c R 0 m a k ri w w le -A jointed ice skate is a novelty, the idea being that it bends with its wear- er's foot. So that a smoker can see what is occurring behind him an. English in- ventor has patented a pipe with small mirrors on the bowl. "Character is formed by the forma- tion of habits, and habits are but the persistent repetition of certain acts." strong one."—Colton, Tokio, with 2,000,000 people, has 701 newspapers and magazines, besides thirty-eight news agencies. 'The city consumes $10,000,000 worth of fish annually. Pt'oR NOAH DID THE SAME THINGONCET NOW NOIR ON A MittUTE, I WANT' To GET' TNIS RI6NT-YOU AeN IT WAS DARK WHEN YOU i 1 REb rue ROOM? l fl n DOOR WAs °Pen( AND 'HERE WASA CHAIR STANDING -SA1 ABOUT /IMRE - 1 sTAR9•gp Yo eo IN TNe NEM` 80014 +r ANO - TNI'(. WOULDN'T zaLleV0 Ma e!� Xi , $otMos A LiTTLm. Fish Es MR. DUN1' ANGELS' WINGS AND OTHERS. Modern Flying Machines Cannot Rival Ancient Bird; Whence do the angels derive their wings—the angels, that is to say, of painting and sculptural art? From what source is the accepted model for these appendages derived? It is rather difficult to say. But ap- parently- the wings conventionally worn by angels are those of the alba- tross. At all events, albatross wings correspond most nearly to the pat- terns. The albatross weighs about eight- een pounds and has, a wing spread of eleven and' one-half feet. Each of its wings has an area of .seven square feet. With a wing spread proportion- ate to size, an angel as well equipped for flight as the albatros,ought to be able to fly very well. The trumpeter swan, which is the greatest weight -carrier of all long- distance flyers, would be at a disad- vantage as compared with an angel. It weighs twenty-oight pounds, and has a wing spread of only eight feet, But no angel or modern bird could compare as a flyer with the ptero- dactyl of. 0,000,000 years or so ago, which, weighing perhaps twenty-five pounds, had a wing spread of twenty- five feet. Its bones were almost pa- pery, and its body hardly more than an appendage to its wings, With a head that was principally dagger -like beak, and a pouch like that of a peli- can, it fluttered moth -like (looking for fish) along the shores of the Cretace- ens Sea that extended northward from the present Gulf of Mexico to and over the State of Kansas. He was "some" flyer, the "pterano don" (as naturalists call this species of pterodactyl); our modern flying machines have yet to rival his per- formances. An Acrobat in the Squad. Sergeant (drilling. -awkward squat]) —"Company1 Attention company, lift up your left leg and hold it straight ifryour"• Oneout of theof squad held up his right leg by n mistake, This brought his ont right-hand companion's left leg and his own right leg close together, The officer, seeing•this, exclaimed angrily: "And who is that blooming galoot over" there holding up both legs?" China was the original home of bath the chrysantlternum and rose,