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The Seaforth News, 1917-08-16, Page 3arm &to . • ErdltrY O. Bell, uerics Nke- • , Cendlieted Professor Benny G. Bell, The ehleot of this department la to place at the service ef our farm readers the advice of ,an aoknowl. edged authority on ail subjecte pertaining to soils and crepe. Addrees all questions to Professor tienry,G, Bell, 11, caro of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To. ronto, and answers will appear In thls column In the order In whlch they are received. As space Is limited It Is advisable whore Immediate reply Is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when the answer will be mailed direct. ....•••••••atiff11•••••mm,, Questien—H.S.S.:—Can 1 sow acid phosphate with a force feed grain drill?"' :It haS no fertilizer Lttachment but "t thoutlit possibly it might work, Ansiver:—You can aow acid Pim - Ante with a force feed seed drill it the acid phosphate is dry and finely ground, Such a method of applica- tion would not allow you to sow but a very light application. Be very care- ful to thoroughly clean out and oil the drill after use for acid phosphate sow- ing, otherwise, the metal part will rust. If you have a lime spreader I would advise your spreading the acid phosphate with this implement and then 'thoroughly work it into the soil by disking and harrowing. This will give a better application than apply- ing acid phosphate through the seed- ing attachment of the seed drill. Question—J.B.S.:—I have eighteen acres of oats. I intend to sow wheat after oats. The field is somewhat run. I have plenty of marl near the river. Would it pay me to top -dress the wheat with marl? If so, how much to the acre? Would it be all right to spread with a shovel? Soil isn't heavy nor light. Answer:—Would advise you, after the land is plowed, tote/I-dress it with marl at the rate of about two tons the acre. If you hove a lime spread- er and the marl is dry, after it has been pulverized it can be spread with the lime spreader to best advantage. You can spread it fairly weil with a shovel but yLu will not get it suffici- ently evenly, distributed, After the lime has been spread work it into the ground by thoroughly disking at least a week before the wheat is planted. At the time of sowing, wheat I would advise adding 200 to ilb0. pounds of fertilizer to the acre in order to give the young crop a vigorous start. The fertilizer should contain from 2 to 3 per cent. ammonia, 8 to 12 per cent, phosphoric acid and fret 1 to 2 per cent. potash would be valuable if it can be obtained. This fertilizer can be applied at the time the wheat is sown or spread in the same way as is advised for lime and worked into the soil thoroughly just before the wheat is sown. If the grain is seeded to a mixture of clover and grass seed the addition of the marl will make the soil sweet in reaction and the fertilizer will,have a very beneficial effect in insuring a good stand of grass. airy Steers which have been kept on a low plane of nutrition (maintenance) for a considerable time make more economical gains when put uph a full -feed ration than steers which have been upon full feed for some time. Howe ,.er, steers receiving more than a maintenance but less than a full -feed ration make no more economical gains when put upon full feed than steers which have already been on full feed. Whenever beef advances in price a demand goes out for action that will stop the slaughter of young ani - mats. -Since the reason always given for high-priced meats is the decreas- ing number of beef animals, it would seem the wise thing to bring more beeves to maturity, And so legisla- tures and congress debate the advis- ability of prohibiting the killing of calves under a given age. Would such action bring the desired results? Would the passing of veal from our tables make meat any cheaper? Would an order to the farmer to mature his calves stimu- late him to raise beef or would it re- sult in his selling off his dairy or feeding fewer animals than ever? In all probability the latter is ex- actly what would happen. The milk business and raising calves are in- compatible. The milk that calves use is also needed by milk consumers, many of whom are babies. And so the calves must go. There is an- other reason why the farmer knows better what to do with his youril animals than the public, or even the legislator. It takes pasture and feed to ma- ture beef. Every successful dairy- man is using all his land to feed his cows. If he were compelled to. feed calves he could keep fewer cows and beef would be grown at the cost of a scarcity in milk. . More calves 'should be grown to maturity. There is no doubt of that But legislation prohibiting the killing of young animals is not the way to increase the supply of beef animals, During the summer while cows are in pasture or on green crops a bal- anced ration can be maintained by combining with the green food the following concentrated feed mixture recommended for summer feeding: Three hundred pounds wheat bran, two hundred pounds gluten feed, one hun- dred pounds hominy, corn -meal or ground oats. Mixed wheat feed may be used in place of wheat bran. More gluten might well be added to the com- bination when cows are carefully watched. 'Market Calendar. In August all surplus Leghorn cockerels and cockerels of other light weight breeds should be marketed as broilers. They are of little value as roasters. Greenducks are young ducks from 8 to 12 weeks old. They should be sold before they moult, --- Ducks on the Farm. The keeping of ducks calls for little outlay in the matter of building houses. Any kind of a house, so it has a good roof, and dry floor, will do. A plain Shed with dirt floor, and hav- ing the south side entirely open makes an excellent duck -house. The floor of the duck -house must be kept dry and should be well littered with clean, dry straw. Strange as it may seem, while ducks will thrive if they have access to a stream of water or pond, they must have dry quarters at night, Ducks compelled to spend their nights on damp floors or on clamp litter, will surely contract rheu- matism. Ducks are conveniently kept in flocks of about thirty, A house fifteen by ten feet -is-large enough lor this number. When kept in flocks of thirty or more one male should be al - toted to each seven or eight females. It is never advisable to keep ducks and chickens in the same house or run, for the reason that the ducks will keep the drinking water in such a constant state of filth that the health and life of the chickens are endangered, Ducks require a much more bulky ration than hens. A good ration is as follows Two parts bran, one part each of middlings and corn meal, one-half part of beef scrap and five parts of green food. This green food may be most anything —chopped turnips, beets, pumpkins, cut clover, etc. As the breeding,sea- son approaches it would be advisable to increase the beef scrap to one full part. Little whole grain should be fed. If on range during the spring and summer months ducks require lit- tle feeding. Any of the larger breeds of ducks will yield quite a great deal in the way of feathers in a year's tine. Feathers should not be plucked dur- ing the cold weather, When ready for picking, the feathers will pull easily, without leaving blood on the end of the quill. If not picked when "ripe" the feathers will fall out and be wasted. • - • • • , Burning Money at HMO. Very often a girl who him be Wishing for some way in which earn a little Money suddenly finds;' good idea close et hand in homely d guise, Not long ago one girl not ed, in wandering about the home far that a large mnount of the fruit on 1' trees was dead Ape and about to TUE SEAPCORTti to waste, She went to her fatiammeemareiweavalwaseeeni with a question: "Mari have 0110 box of berries I -I-17 nomears;-11Wiliiir of every for that I pick, and c and I wee few to admit Mot I wag1 basket of plums, one Of peaches a litieneed b,' *hie adage. one of apples on the same basis?', Tourney was especially ieotase He was skeptical but also a little ; ing to nte, because I had a Problem lieved, for the prospective toes of 1. solve. I reekonenlotenbaetrotti.: wgetIllatrYriv small fruit was worrying him, " would betray n aheaclepal7.1 see what you can do," w at the Queen OILY thet Wes11 hisr the only one of the three who cou What the girl did was to get don have kissed me who showed a spec predisposition for me was Agnes, a to business at once. She gather •-• and sorted diligently, with a well -t she gave no 51511 of guilt. At 4 ?' in fined scheme in view for every pou,. •-• eveats, It seemed to Inc that made a very favorable linprepifim, of her own share. The fruit that fa' to her lot she put up in the form i.o.""her. -a incapable of jelly, apple butter and peach and reprin,grrival.,,at Pk lady, He turned plum marmatade, which found a ready to his questioner and said with a market, ,The project is still flourish- smile, I shall tell you, only you must ing. She buys her jars and glasses not toll anyone," at Wholesale prices, and makes a point "Oh, certainly not," said the lady of getting such es are of odd, atthao- eagerly, tive shapes, OA naeli one she pastes "Well," continued the General, "the a label bearing her name and goaran- war will be over when I shall have tee. She has never yet had anything the pleasure of sitting next to you returned as inferior or spoiled—a fact at dinner in Berlin." KEEP THE POTATOES GROWING Notes on the Cultivation of This Valuable Crop and How to Protect It From Its Enemies. Many are 'growing potatoes in or 3% ounces paste arsenate of lead Canada this year, for the first time or half that quantity of dry to 3 gal - and, as a result of the greatly increas- Ions of water. An experiment con- ed -number of growers the crop will ducted for six years at the Ontario probably be greatly increased. But Agricultural College, Guelph, showed to insure a good crop there must be an that, on the average, where the tops abundance of moisture in the soil and were sprayed to kill "bugs", the yield the tops must be protected from in- was 186.9 bushels per acre, while sects and disease. whet the tops were not sprayed and CULTIVATION:—Tho oi1 should allowed to be oaten, the yteld was be kept cultivated with the cultivator only 98.2 bushels per acre. It is de =able not to stop with one spray- er hoe until the tops meet sufficiently ing which usually does not kill all the to shade the ground. As most of the tubers develop in the three or four inches of soil nearest the surface, and as the tubers will not develop well in dry soil, quite shallow cultivation is desirable at this season of the year. In soil which is dry there may be good development of tops but there will be few tubers. The roots in such cases have gone down deep into the soil to obtain moisture but the tuber -bearing stems, which are quite different from the root system, do not develop well. Where the soil is a loose, sandy loam, hilling is not necessary and may be injurious, as the soil dries out more than if left on the level. In heavy soils it is desirable to hill the pota- toes as it will loosen the soil and the tubers will be shapelier than when the ground is left level. When there is sufficient rainfall and moisture in the soil hilling is likely to give best re- sults in all kinds of soil as the soil will be looser and the tubers can push through it readily. As a great de- velopment of tubers takes place dur- ing 'the cooler and usually moister weather of the latter part of summer, phate or bluestone, 4 pounds freshly it is very important to keep the plants slake lime to 40 gallons of watez, growing well until then. In one ex- While the bluestone will dissolve more periment it was shown that during the quickly in hot water; if it is not con - month of September there was an in- venient to get this, it may be sus - crease of 119 .bushels of potatoes per pended over night in a cotton bag in a acre. wooden or earthen. vessel containing PROTECTION OF POTATO TOPS four or five or more gallons of water. FROM INSECTS:—It is very import- The lime should be slacked in another ant to prevent the tops of potatoes vessel and before mixing with the cop - from being eaten by insects, particu- per sulphate solution should be strain- larly by the Colorado Potato Beetle. ed through coarse sacking or a fine The old "bugs" do not do inuch harm ,sieve. The copper sulphate solution to the foliage, as a rule, and usually is now put into a barrel, if it has not already been dissolved in one, and en- ough water added to half fill the bar- rel; the slaked lime should be diluted in another barrel with enough water to make half a barrel of the lime mix - bugs but to spray several times, if necessary, so that as little foliage as possible is eaten. PROTECTION OF THE POTATO PLANTS FROM LATE BLIGHT AND ROT:—In some years the crop of potatoes is much lesser.ed by the Late Blight disease and when rot fol- lows little of the crop may be left. It is, thelefore, very desirable to pre- vent this disease from spreading. This is done by keeping the plants covered with Bordeaux mixture from about the first week of July, or before there is any sign of the disease, until September. Sometimes the first. ap- plication of Bordeaux mixture is made before the potato beetles are all killed when the poison for them may be mix. ed with the Bordeaux. While the dis- ease is not very bad every year it is well to be prepared. There was an average increase per year of 94 bushels of potatoes from spraying with Bordeaux mixture in three years. The formula for Bordeaux mixture for potatoes is 6 pounds copper sul- the plants are not sprayed to destroy these, although the fewer there are to lay eggs the less difficulty there will be in destroying the young ones. These begin to eat rapidly soon after hatching, and close watch should be ture. Now pour the diluted lime kept so that the vines may be spray- mixture into the diluted copper sul- ed before much harm is done. Paris phate solution and stir thoroughly, when rt is ready for use. The con- centrated lime mixture should not be mixedwith the concentrated copper sulphate solution, as, if this is done, an inferior mixture will result. If the barrels are kept covered so that there is no evaporation, stock solu- tions of the concentrated materials may be kept in separate barrels throughout the season. It is import- ant to have the quantities of lime and copper sulphate as recommended, but, in order to be sure that enough lime has been used and there is no danger of burning the foliage, let a drop of ferrocyanide of potassium solution (which can bo obtained from a drug- gist) fall into the mixture whon ready. If the latter turns reddish-brotvn, add more lime mixture until no change of color takes place. green kills more rapidly than arsenate of lead but does not adhere so well, and in rainy weather it is desirable to have something that will stay on the leaves so that they will be protected until it stops raining, and thus prevent the tops being eaten. At the Central Experimental Farm a mixture of Paris green and arsenate of lead is used in the proportion of 8 ounces Paris green, 11/4 pounds paste arsenate of lead (or 12 ounces dry arienate of lead) to 40 gallons of water,in order to get Le advantage of both poisons. It may be that it is not convenient to get both poisons when either 12 ounces M. Paris green or 3 pounds paste arsenate of :clad (or 11/A pounds lry of lead) to 40 gallons water could be used, or in smaller quantities, say 1 ounce Paris green to 3 galicns Ftilr OLUz topic/ amii4eZefe,6,Y1-444.0 .7rei.e."4 raw Mothers and daughters Of all ages aro cordially Invited to write to 'till' deportment. Initials only will be pebilehed with each question end tts Ammer 05 a means of Identification, but full name and address Must P given In each letter. Write on one side of paper only. Answers will bo maned direct if stamped and addreeeed envelope le encleeed, / bdidnr:s;va0, T1,1eoorrroenetpordence for this department to Mre. Helen Law. 235 woo 4. A wrist.match with an, il- luminated face, a pocket flashlight, a pocket drinking cup or 11 solidified alcohol burner are useful gifts for a man who has left for a military train- ing camp. 2. To disinfect a room thoroughly proceed AS follows: If pos- mattressea and comforts should be burned, Wet everything else well with a bichloride solution, boil and sun the blanket. Scrape the walls and ceiling, wash with bichloride; also the floor and woodwork, then scour with carbolic soapsuds. Fill cracks with fresh putty, shut the doors and win - dews tight and paste strips of paper around them. Closet .cloore should be taken off the hinges, but left inside. Place three bricks in the middle of the floor, put an iron pan on them, into which a pound of flowers of sulphur has been placed, wet the sulphur with alcohol, stick iria short length of fuse, light it, then go out wieldy, being careful to see that the door is also made tight, Leave undisturbed for twenty-four hours. The fumes will bleach any colors in the room. Dishes may be disinfected by boiling for 6 minutes. H.R.:-1. Bureau drawers which stick can be made to slide easily by first rubbing over the edges with sandpaper, then soaping them. 2. A garment that has had an overdose of bluing may be whitened by boiling. 3. Brown sugar can be substituted for white in pickling. 4. Try benzine to remove the tar stains from your silk dress. 5. To make oatmeal gems, soak one cup oatmeal over night in one cup water. In the morning sift together one cup flour and two tea- spoonfuls baking powder; add a lit - ole salt. Mix meal and flour togeth- er, wet with sweet milk to a stiff bat- ter, drop in gem pans and bake im- mediately. 6, It is said that before eating is a good time to sleep, but not immediately after a meal.. 7. Yes, raw tomatoes are good for almost everybody who does. not have ulcer of the stomach so that the use of the tomatoes gives him pain. If they do not cause pain one need not be afraid to eat them. 8. The diet of a child of two years should consist of fruits, grains, a moderate allowance of pure cream and cow's milk and vegetable purees. Purees of spinach and other "greens" are particularly good. -- Eva: -1. It is said that freckles can be bleached out by applying the follow- ing mixture to the face, being care- ful to keep it away from the eyes: Two ounces of buttermilk or sour milk, two drams grated horseradish, six drams cornmeal. Spread the mixture between thin muslin and allow it to lie on the face at night. 2. The follow- ing method of cleaning black satin is given by some authorities: Boil three pounds of potatoes to a pulp in ona quart of water, strain through a sieve and brush the satin with it on a board or table. The material must not be Wrung, but folded down in cloths for three houra, then pressed on the wrong ic1e. Reader: -1. Bavaria le the largest state in the German Empire after Pruesia. 2. "Sinn Fein" is Gaelic for "For Ourselves", 3, Inflamed eye- lids should be bathed several times a day with a solution of half a. teaSpoon- ful of boracm acid in a cup of hot wa- ter, 4. To test nutmegs, prick them with a needle; if they are good, the oil will spread around the puncture, 5. "Neither he nor I were there" should be "neither he nor 2 was there," 6. The 400th anniversary of the Re- formation will be celebrated October 31, Cook:—Perhaps the following notes may be of assistance: Salads and vegetables neutralize usual tendency of the body toward acidity, facilitate the elimination of waste products and poisons, and thus incidentally post- pone the coming of old age. Salads cool and purify blood and freshen complexion, give jaws and teeth ex- ercise necessary to development with- out which latter decay, facilitate digestion by encouraging mastication, promote oral hygiene by leaving mouth and teeth physiologically clean at end of meal, counteract tendency to anaemia, scurvy, gout, rheumatism, are rich in lime, so necessary to bone - building; also valuable laxative. Green vegetables are particularly valuable in cases of anaemia and of other dis- eases which are ascribed to diet de- ficiencies. Vegetables are deteriorated by the loss of their salts in boiling water. Not only do potatoes lose much when peeled, but carrots, as usually cooked, lose nearly 30 per cent. of their total food material when cut into small pieces. Cabbage thus treated loses about one-third of its total food ma- terials, especially its ash or mineral matter. On the average 30 per cent. of the total salts is extracted when vegetables are boiled in water for thirty minutes. When, on the con- trary, they are steamed they lose only 10 per cent. Hence vegetables should be either steamed or stewed in a casserole or covered earthenware vessel, so popular in France. If boil- ed the water should be saved for soup or sauces. Beetroots, carrots and parsnips con- tain a large amount of sugar," and when Served at a meal there is less of a desire for excessively sweet des- serts. Cabbage, as usually cooked, is not digested for some five hours, but eaten uncooked in salad it takes less than three. Salads, like vegetables •and fruits, have little body-building and tissue re- pairing material, hence require to be supplemented by foods rich in these and in fat, such as eggs, meat, cheese (grated by choice or the cottage varie- ty) and nuts. SCORE OF BANDS AT "EX." Innes, the Bandman, to Head Unusual- ly Good Musical Programme. "Innes, the Band Man," who will head the musical programme this year at the Canadian National Exhibition, with his famous band of soloists, is an Englishman, a graduate of the London Conservatory of Music, and the Band of the Life Guards, Later he went to Paris, where he at- tracted the attention of the late Pat Gilmour, the greatest of all American leaders. He accompanied Gilmour to America, and has proved a worthy successor to the old master. Innes' band was acclaimed the finest of the many fine bands heard at the Panama Pacific Exposition. He it was, ale°, who planned and carried to success the remarkable series of festivals which made the Alaska Yukon Exposition notable among all other exhibitions for its musical programmes. Innes will give two free concerts daily, and, in addi- tion, there will be concerts by a score of other bands day and night. Electric Plants For The Farm. One of the recognized necessities in connection with our increased agricul- tural production is better and more Wia.€9 11 CD ibra MffiS oaf "Cob Mu. attractive conditions on the farm, and among the many suggestions the use of electricity should be considered. Electric power is a great convenience in the farm hone, and saves much time to the farm help. The farm or country home situated within the area of an electric system of transmission or distribution is fortunate, but the vast majority must look to the small isolated plant. This alternative, how- ever, is now much more promising than a few years ago. Many factor. ies manufacture this type of equip- ment, the operation of the plants has been simplified and cost has been much reduced. These small plants may be advantageously used for many domestic purposes in addition to light- ing, such as ironing, washing, toast- ing, pumping water, etc.; and also for the very important use of charging storage batteries. Two-thirds of the population of Denmark are eng\aged in agricultural pursuits or in handling agricultural products. A rancher from Islay, Alberta, re- cently returned from Iowa, where he purchased thirty head- of pure bred Aberdeen Angus cattle, paying as high as $1,000 each for some of the cows. 11 A 1,1i. 1 ut,,p SI,J,C.I.1 J1.11,A101,..1”11.1 114:1,10M • First .Aid to Hoot Victims, In order to give proper aid to per- sons overcome by the heat, it is first essential to distinguish between sun- stroke and heat exhaustion, which are the two forms of symptom groups presented by excessive heat and high humidity. In the case of sunstroke the patient first complains of a tired feeling, ac- companied by a sense of oppression 511 the head. Dizziness followed by un- consciousness may soon follow. The face ia deeply flushed, the breathing labored and the skin is dry and hot. Tho pulse is irregular and weak. The symptoms of beat exhaustion, resemble very much those of sun- stroke at the onset, The skin in this case is cold and clammy and the body temperature is below normal, The • patient may. succumb quickly if pro- per treatment is -not administered. ' The first-aid treatment rendered to a heat victim should be to remove him to a cool, shady place and to loosen his clothing. One should next as- certain whether the surface of the skin is hot or cold. If the former, the patient should be sponged immediate- ly with ice water. When removed to a more favorable place indoors, a plunge in a tub of cold water should be given. Ice cold cloths or an ice cap can be applied to the head. As soon as consciousness is regained, cold drinks may be given freely. The patient should be kept in a quiet and cool room. Heat exhaustion, on the other hand, calls for rapid stimulation. By touch- ing the skin of the patient and finding it cold and moist, we can readily come to the conclusion as to treatment. The patient should be covered immediately with blankets and hot water bottles applied to the feet. Hot drinks, such as tea, coffee or lemonade, should be administered if the patient is con- scious. Aromatic spirits of ammonia placed on a bit of cotton may be held near the nostrils of the patient. Every pffort should be made to have the patient sent to a hospital at post- haste speed, where the facilities for ' treatment are the best. Outdoor lab- orers should wear proper headgear to protect the head from the sun's rays. A small luncheon is preferred on the hot days. Alcoholic beverages in- crease the likelihood of sunstroke. Persons who experience a sense of severe exhaustion during the hot spells should moderate their work, wash their hands and face with cold ' water at frequent intervals and lie down in a cool room from time to time during the afternoon when the temperature is at its highest level. It is hardly necessary to emphasize the use of light, loose clothing. Dark clothes are actually warmer than light-colored garments. Cheaper Poultry Feed. On account of the scarcity and high price of feed the poultry industry of this country is threatened by the prospect of the wholesale slaughter of laying stock and a serious falling off in the number of pullets to be ma- tured. The necessity for retainim; for mill- ing every possible bushel of wheat suitable for that purpose need not be emphasized. To provide poultrymen with feed for rearing their young stock without unnecessarily lowering the supplies of milling wheat, the federal Department of Agriculture has requested millers throughout Canada to put on the market the cracked and shrunken wheat removed from grain before it is milled. In addition to small and broken wheat these cleanings consist chiefly of the seeds of vvild buckwheat, a near relative of the cultivated buckwheat. The Poultry Division of the Central Experimental Farm has used wild buckwheat in feeding experiments and reports it to be a highly satisfactory poultry feed and has ordered two cars of buckwheat screenings for the Cen- tral and Branch Experimental Farms from the Canadian Government eleva- tors at Fort William. Fowls used to good grain do not take to it at first but when they become accustomed to it they eat it readily and do well on it. The mill cleanings from local flour mills also contain traces of many other weed seeds, including several kinds of mustards. These, however, would not as a rule amount to more than two or three per cent. of the cleanings in the case of the standard grades of Western wheat. This ma- terial is specially recommended for backyard, suburban and professional poultrymen. On farms the cleanings - from yards and poultry houses 'AM - it has been fed would have to be dis- posed of so as not to disseminate noxi- ous weeds in grain fields'. Those interested in obtaining this class of feed should immediately ar- range with local mills or feed dealers for a supply. The mills cannot be expectectto keep this material for poul- try unless it is demanded for that purpose and that rests with the poul- trymen themselves. Ile'd Be Too Polite. "What dirty hands you have John" said his teacher. "What would you say if I came to school that way?" "I wouldn't say nothin'," replied, john. "Id be too polite." VIELL,Vslell- sEe. cATcl4 ,, , , , 4 ..11 • iril A I/ , fil, eLeN.. COLD Do You 1 1 I'm GoNA KNOW Ori 00' lieRe. IT! LET'S WALL0P ......1 it, 1 i I WAIT A MINuTe. — tgov‘l WATCH THIS -Tot,1, LooK own' NERE A MINUTE. I _ ,,,or....„ -_-_......--..F.,... , 5r0v wt.ie::W0AL.TI:op tr/ •,------ ' 'Etl NhELet4 ....., , -Some 'r. / -- - — ,.-- IOM THE OLD .5WIt.16 11- H1611 TIME I WAs 6E'rTING [WK. IN irllE.GAIIM To r,i , '100'14. cATcµ c Oi-D OUT* ..i.".0, "• ,_ - owe. --WATc14 TI4E. _ Folece — t - 1 orfte,,,,h, ---,..... 1...... ,.c...7. ' V1N 1 I 11)1 1"' ......, ril ,) 111 • I '11 i . :"'' --- _.....------..... ' ,•zy 1 . Ai ' I ialok , 441 Ilk Ite tat al vil --.7.. - -iilzietll 500 , ,orth, 4 1.• ••••....c .4`. , . 1))1111 , -".. ..4lyty •..., .,, --4,r-alatulecil / /, A..e ,/,. (I it' v, la .44.. ., .:. ,,,,_ ._ -j_.--,-.-„, 11 A 1,1i. 1 ut,,p SI,J,C.I.1 J1.11,A101,..1”11.1 114:1,10M • First .Aid to Hoot Victims, In order to give proper aid to per- sons overcome by the heat, it is first essential to distinguish between sun- stroke and heat exhaustion, which are the two forms of symptom groups presented by excessive heat and high humidity. In the case of sunstroke the patient first complains of a tired feeling, ac- companied by a sense of oppression 511 the head. Dizziness followed by un- consciousness may soon follow. The face ia deeply flushed, the breathing labored and the skin is dry and hot. Tho pulse is irregular and weak. The symptoms of beat exhaustion, resemble very much those of sun- stroke at the onset, The skin in this case is cold and clammy and the body temperature is below normal, The • patient may. succumb quickly if pro- per treatment is -not administered. ' The first-aid treatment rendered to a heat victim should be to remove him to a cool, shady place and to loosen his clothing. One should next as- certain whether the surface of the skin is hot or cold. If the former, the patient should be sponged immediate- ly with ice water. When removed to a more favorable place indoors, a plunge in a tub of cold water should be given. Ice cold cloths or an ice cap can be applied to the head. As soon as consciousness is regained, cold drinks may be given freely. The patient should be kept in a quiet and cool room. Heat exhaustion, on the other hand, calls for rapid stimulation. By touch- ing the skin of the patient and finding it cold and moist, we can readily come to the conclusion as to treatment. The patient should be covered immediately with blankets and hot water bottles applied to the feet. Hot drinks, such as tea, coffee or lemonade, should be administered if the patient is con- scious. Aromatic spirits of ammonia placed on a bit of cotton may be held near the nostrils of the patient. Every pffort should be made to have the patient sent to a hospital at post- haste speed, where the facilities for ' treatment are the best. Outdoor lab- orers should wear proper headgear to protect the head from the sun's rays. A small luncheon is preferred on the hot days. Alcoholic beverages in- crease the likelihood of sunstroke. Persons who experience a sense of severe exhaustion during the hot spells should moderate their work, wash their hands and face with cold ' water at frequent intervals and lie down in a cool room from time to time during the afternoon when the temperature is at its highest level. It is hardly necessary to emphasize the use of light, loose clothing. Dark clothes are actually warmer than light-colored garments. Cheaper Poultry Feed. On account of the scarcity and high price of feed the poultry industry of this country is threatened by the prospect of the wholesale slaughter of laying stock and a serious falling off in the number of pullets to be ma- tured. The necessity for retainim; for mill- ing every possible bushel of wheat suitable for that purpose need not be emphasized. To provide poultrymen with feed for rearing their young stock without unnecessarily lowering the supplies of milling wheat, the federal Department of Agriculture has requested millers throughout Canada to put on the market the cracked and shrunken wheat removed from grain before it is milled. In addition to small and broken wheat these cleanings consist chiefly of the seeds of vvild buckwheat, a near relative of the cultivated buckwheat. The Poultry Division of the Central Experimental Farm has used wild buckwheat in feeding experiments and reports it to be a highly satisfactory poultry feed and has ordered two cars of buckwheat screenings for the Cen- tral and Branch Experimental Farms from the Canadian Government eleva- tors at Fort William. Fowls used to good grain do not take to it at first but when they become accustomed to it they eat it readily and do well on it. The mill cleanings from local flour mills also contain traces of many other weed seeds, including several kinds of mustards. These, however, would not as a rule amount to more than two or three per cent. of the cleanings in the case of the standard grades of Western wheat. This ma- terial is specially recommended for backyard, suburban and professional poultrymen. On farms the cleanings - from yards and poultry houses 'AM - it has been fed would have to be dis- posed of so as not to disseminate noxi- ous weeds in grain fields'. Those interested in obtaining this class of feed should immediately ar- range with local mills or feed dealers for a supply. The mills cannot be expectectto keep this material for poul- try unless it is demanded for that purpose and that rests with the poul- trymen themselves. Ile'd Be Too Polite. "What dirty hands you have John" said his teacher. "What would you say if I came to school that way?" "I wouldn't say nothin'," replied, john. "Id be too polite."