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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1917-08-02, Page 6atyV9Pt'ru ., ....kse,o/r(26-40ex:xiey- Author of � Tho present prosperity of Fanner - "Ail for a scrap of Paper," bynot(odr Vain I fh , aldaa, in South Amorice, is entirely de- ers" etc. Published eareder Su Stoughton, Limited,. London and Termite - - - pendent on nuts which are as hard as CHAPTER Il,—(Cont"d,) mould; the spirit of adventure was bone and as impossible to digest as a Description of Some of the Now Life - not strong within him, piece of eln•omium steel. These tegua "But do you mean to say;" cried. Tom, "that they will lick us? Why, "T say, Tom,'" said a „mi.whose nuts aro called ivory nuts in America, think of our Navy; think of----" three sons were in the army, "aro you and it is from them that most of the Waterman did not wait to hear the going to stay home like a coward?" buttons and "ivory" we use are mato, That Gorman - end of Porn s sentence; he crossed the m noan a coward, replied Tom, The ivory nut, when shelled., looks U boats try their best road and was lost to sight, "Then what do you mean by not do- like a Brazil mit, except that it is larg- to sink transports carrying troops to. One Quant took place, however, ing your duty?" ar, and when it has been through the Europe, oven at utmost risk to them - which somewhat opened th. people's "I have my own views;" replied drying process at the button factory selves, goes without saying. It is eyes, and is talked of even to -day, A Tom. "Look hers, Elijah, I'm not it looks like ivory and is just 1(s hard, marvellous that our Canadian troops young German who had come to Brun- such a fool as to go over there and get Large articles cannot be made from leave, tip to the present time, been Told a few years before, and who had killed; th' other chaps'il lick the Ger- the nuts, because they are too small, transported in safety. The United succeeded in amassin! a fortune, was mans all right, yet $1,500,000 worth of them was im- IStator, rally alive to the great peril, galled home by his Government. So "That's the answer of a coward," ported into the United Slates last year. is introducing some new Life-saving popularlihad d had bethcome n the f he replied Elijah Butterworth; "if every- Imitation ivory in larger piens is! devices for the use of their troops. 11J said that, the country would be made from rubber that has been treat- As a first precautionary measure, laid hold of the people, that some robbed from us, and we should have of the leading townsmen deckled to these German devils ruling over us,"' ed with chloroform. the United States War Department is give him a dinner, This dinner was "No fear of that," laughoc. Torn, and Still another substitute is made getting ready to provide for each arranged to take place in the large yet he felt uncomfortable. from milk, but this has not been pro- transport a sufficient number of life - dining -room of the Bull and Butcher, "Aren't you an Englishman?" cried duced on a commercial scale. boats to hold all hands in the event the largest hotel in the town. Al- Elijah, "and don't Sem care for the To distinguish vegetable ivory from of a sinking, The vessel will be con - though some people were anything old country?" the genuine material allow the doubt-1voyed by warships, which, it is, but pleased at the arrangement, so lit- Ay 1 'don't know,"replied Tom, ful article to soak for fifteen minutes thought, can at least prevent the Huns Ile ill -feeling w ld It towards s the we are siemens are just as well offas in a little concentrated sulphuric acid, from shelling the boats. Germans that is asked for, while some of the newspa+ pens began to tolls about conscription (To be continued.) "IVORY" NUTS. Many Articles of "Ivory" Are Made Prom South American Nuts, NEW LIFESAVING NOVELTIES DEVICES INVENTED FOR THE SUBMARINE ZONE, boats and Preservers for tits US. Transports, townspeople gathered. When the Meanwhile the real facts of the sit If it is a product of the ivory nut it will become rose tinted, Real ivory dinner has! been eaten the chairman nation became' more apparent. The rose to propose the toast of the even- Germans were not to be beaten easily, is untouched by the acid, The tint can ing. He said that although Mr. Russia, in spite of all that had been be washed off with water. Shweitzer was called upon to fight said about her power as a great against the English people, the town steam -roller, could make no real head - had no ill -will against him personally; way; while France and England col The Opposite of Green Houses. they all knew him as a good fellow, a bined could not drive the Buns from. Calcutta has a botanical garden in good sportsman, and an honorable the line they occupied. People tried;evhich plants of the temperate zone business man. During the time he to explain the situation, but the dread-; are kept alive in cold houses, much as had been in Branford they had open- ful togic still remained; the country tropical plants are preserved in hot - ed their doors to him and received him we had sworn to protect and save was houses in this climate, as an honored guest, and although in the hands of the enemy. The in - the unfortunate war had taken place, dustrial part of France was held in a The lifeboats will be of a new pat- tern, of steal and collapsible. That is to say the steel hull (remarkably flat) is supplemented by is canvas "freeboard," or bulwark, that folds like an accordion. The arrangement does not make the craft any better, but it keeps out the waves. I These boats will be of different sizes, so as to fit conveniently in such places on board as happen to be most suitable for their stowage. The small- est,they had nothing but good feeling to- grip of iron while Russia was Pow- Given plenty of range turkeys find twenty-two feet long, will hold twenty - wards Mr. Shweitzer. That was why erless against the hosts of Germany. twenty persons; the largest, they had invited him as their guest First there were talks about the grasshoppers and othe$ insects, green eight feet long, will holt. fifty-four that night, and he, the chairman, ex- war been over byChristmas, but that; vegetation, weed seeds, waste grains, comfortably. Along the gunwales pressed the hope that the war would delusion quickly anished, and when ale acorns and nuts of various kinds. The hang outboard a series of rope loops soon be, over and that Mr. Shweitzer; member of the Cabinet came to Man- I ost of raising them where they can (with cork floats attached) which may would return and take up the position: chester, and said that it might take i have proper range is small and the in an emergency be grabbed and held which he had so long occupied amongst; years to drive the enemy from his ;profits are satisfactory, Grain and on to by men who cannot be taken them. The toast to his health was !position, people stared in bewilder -stock farms are particularly well aboard a crowded boat. heartily cheered; good feeling abound- 1 Inent. More and more men were! adapted to turkey raising. ! ed, and all waited for the response of A. lifeboat of this pattern cannot be; the German guest. sunk. Before the U.S. War Depart - As Mr Shweitzer rose to respond he4 `, k, ., ment will accept one of them it is received quite an ovation; the diners r z m. � II� tester] by throwingit overboard from even went so far as to give him mus- a ship, and, if it oes not right itself real honors. Mr. Shi eitzer's replyleisanty m the water, forty-eight hours with t °- t 1 , i is rejected,i" - a 50 -pound V -e1.11.`ee. ds• Y+c DON'T think your home will always be spared the danger of destructive teenier, Lightning and the straying spark show no favors to fine buildings end love -abiding homes. Unless your roof is of inflammable material, at any moment lighten,- or tiro may envelop allou )wsems and en- dangor tie liven of those the: hearthstone cannot opera. Mall the duty of guardianship the home -folks Provo plaoad in you by ecoing to is et onto your loved ones, Your property, are fully protected from the aver. present mono,,,, of firs Pcdlar'a +Oshawa' Shingles mean safety end pro, taction in tiro mootpractical, moat dependable form. Mudo of sheet motel each ahlogla,interlocho anALL, FOUR SIDES forming uamgloo1Lcot ohatooi the tie practieuily!mica true able. Ate. tela their beauty and aervice without repairs as lendea your home' nob!. Wrirnfor `'Tis,l=ZlahtRoof•Bookla. W, W. TISE PLDL,tg PEOPLE Lltniied Oilcan and(Fecatnoared O18a5p1ww a, Ont,. Montroel,Ottaivn,'roronto °neon. Whutlpog °++a+aayr,e„ap s0 LP FIN HE ,. ' Yi' 93 A It is the duty of every subject of the Allies to help win the WAR, and they can best do it by preventing WASTE and storing up for the COMING WINTER all food products, especially those perishable foods such as fruits and vegetables. This can be accomplished easily by using one of the NATIONAL CANNING OUTFITS. With the aid of one of these all kinds of fruits, corn, peas, tomatoes and beans can be cooked, which will keep indefinitely when properly prepared. Our No. 1 JUNIOR NATIONAL for family use has a capacity of from 200 to 400 cans daily or glass jars of proportionate amount. These outfits can be put right on a cook stove. Price $25.00, f.o.b. Hamilton. We have larger sizes for hotel use, and still larger sizes for commercial use. • We have also Evaporators of various sizes for evaporating every kind of fruit, apples, peaches, pears, berries, potatoes, eta Write for full particulars, giving size required, to The Brown, Boggs Co., Limited, Hamilton, Ont. was in fairly good English. He 1 thanked his friends for their oocl-fel- Its Trull, beingof metal, may be bent sounding lead attached to it! lowship, and for the kind things they y PImctured or broken. The The more or less out of shape, but is not Acetylene Life Buoys. had said about him.' K •' ._ . "i ease] 1 Y t: r. transports will also carry acety- "'_9s to my coming back to Lrun- s he ✓ twenty-eight foot size costs $300. lone life buoys --a novel and most in - ford ford again," he concluded, "T have 'y, Life -rafts As geniousWell. contrivance consisting of a A but little doubt that I shall return, but " °A'r e when I do, the Kaiser, and not the man serious drfiicul12 about lifeboats g hollow ring of copper with a you now own as king, will rule over of any kind is that if a sinking vessel small pipe hinged on each of the two England. For the Germans are go- is heeled over to port or starboard (as opposite sides, each pipe terminating ing to lick your country, and Wilhelm bustibles. is likely to happen), the boats on her in a cylinder filled with calcium car - II. will be your future king." foe building participant m the blood stream and uplifted side cannot be lowered from bide. and repairing f t' also re the davits. But, to overcome this' Suppose that a man falls overboard Fora few seconds those who had gulates the temperature of the at night. y • gathered were so much astonished rates, which consist of starches and body. trouble, our transports will have g t. One of these buoys is quick - that there was a dead silence. Mean- sugar, are needed for heat and energy. Age, condition and occupation play a tracks laid athwart their decks (or in 1y thrown into the sea. The ring of while the German looked around the Fats are needed for energy, and lubri- very important part in the amount of some instances overhead trolleys), so course floats horizontal on the waves. room with a supercilious smile. • cation. Mineral salts are necessary food that must be supplied for tom- i that they can be run across if neves But the weight of the cylinders causes Then an Englishman who had been for regulating the body processes. bustion. The young and growing sary and dropped overboard on the the pipes to stand vertical. Mean - sitting close by came up to the Ger- Water is necessary for the blood child will need the largest amount of; opposite side. wliiie water has found its way into man. He was a brawny, stalwart stream and the elimination of the food, . Persons at heavy outdoor oc-I The U.S. War Department, however, the cylinders, causing the carbide to fellow. "Do you mean that?" he waste. cupations will need agive off acetylene gas,which takes asked the German. greater amount is not content with providing life - "Yes, I do," was the reply. The necessity for each of these food of food than those people whose duties boats. There will also be plenty of fire of its own accord. The Englishman without another elements in our daily diet will readily , entail less physical exertion. The rafts, likewise of a new pattern; two The drowning man sees two jets of word struck him a mighty blow on be seen when it is understood that if middle-aged and elderly person re- I hollow -steel cylinders serving as flame burning brilliantly at the top h g an overabundance of � above mentioned type. ling between them on top and bottom. the buoy and gams it, clinging to it shouts of those present. protein the excess will not be retainedi The average adult will require dailyiThus either side (top or bottom) is while the transport lowers a boat and The blow was so heavy and so well in the body, but only the amount that ; from 2500 to 3000 calories or heat ,' right side up, no matter how the raft the latter, guided by the acetylene aimed that the German's jaw was is needed and aetuc,lly necessary for i units of food. A calorie is a term' may chance to land upon the water lights, comes to his rescue. broke. He was taken to the hospi- the body, The excess is eliminated, used in food chemistry to designate when thrown overboard. tel, where he remained for sor.:e a rt frequently overtaxes the liver and 1 the amount of heat necessary to raise I Such a raft, eleven feet long, will THE FLAG THAT ALWAYS WAVES s wh • carry ve ve persons;alar gee size, During the next day Branford was Provided the body will lose weight and Fahrenheit• I eighteen feet long, will accommodate Clever Electrical Device To Impart a excited beyond measure. The story the person will become anemic, ! One-tenth of the total amount of twenty-three. On board a transport Waving Motion to was told in a hundred mills by thou- Carbohydrates, which are starches !food required by the human body for; they take up little room, several be- Flag. sands of operatives; it was discussed and sugars, some chiefly from vege-daily consumption should be protein.: ing stacked on top of, another and One of the most talked of features tavern,m the a throughouttiplaces, aes,in the whole inn andItables, and if they are supplies' to the; Food required by the body is burn -y. at the recent electric railway conven- i body in larger amount than the bodyed; 1. e., united with oxygen. That, lashing nrcan Iu ease atoemergency tion at Atlantic City, N. J., was a trict. It did more to enlighten the the can be cut a moment's requires for its daily use they are • this may be accomplished, the food, ! notice, and, even though the ski i were waving flag which fluttered from a DOMESTIC SCIENCE AT HOME. Fifth Lesson.—Com Proteins are necessary o issues. Carbohyd- t e jaw. "That for you and your a person eats a Large amount of th1 quires less food than the people of the floats, with a wooden grating extend- of the two pipes. He swims toward Kaiser.' he exclaimed amidst the food containing months, and he has not yet returned kidneys, one to Germany. I Y , eieas if too little protein is pound of water four degrees to 1 minds of the people as to the real hopes and aims of the Germans than all the newspaper articles which had appeared. It revealed to the people, too, the real character of the Germans. Here was one of the best of them who had acted like a cad, and who in the face of good-fellowsip had haughtily stored in the form of fat, by the process of digestion, is render -1 to sink before they could be thrown twenty -seven -foot flagstaff in front of Fats, while they furnish heat, en- ed entirely soluble. It is then, in this overboard, they Would float free on ineitGeneral eei ri al Electric Company's booth ergy and lubrication, should be eaten soluble form, absorbed by the inter the surface of the sea. a spacious convention hall. very sparingly during the hot weather. tines. Not a breath of air was stirring, yet The blood also carries oxygen,Life-Preserver Mattresses. the flagp Mineral salts are necessary for the 'we breathe from the air; this ssca e; But this is by no means all. Every thirty -mile as if a teeth and bone structure. For this Tea- I,ried by the blood to all parts of the j mattress on each transport will be The flag pole was of ordinary dimen_ son the are r flaunted the superiority of the Ger Y p oaided form the pro-, body. That the processes of the body; available for instant use as a life sion and there was nothing visible to man people. The incident also gave Per amounts in a well-balanced diet. may be satisfactorily accomplished, it' preserver, being filled with a peculiar betray the source of the breeze. The point to the story of the ghastly The necessary for water can best be is necessary that the adult drink three -kind of vegetable fibre called "kapok," base of the pole was surrounded with atrocities which were taking place in understood by the statement that it pints or art glasses of water each dn y I which derived from a palm of the banked patens Belgium. People were excited be- comprises nearly three-fifths of the It is by this combustion and assnmla- Philippines, serves the purpose of The whole device is really quite be- yond measure;theto them the War was becoming weight of the body, it is an acture I tion of food in the body that we live. curls and much better. In calm water simple in construction and easilex, All this had its effect upon Tom. a man can stand on one of these mat- plained, for the flagpole is a metal Not that oven yet he realised the full How To Can Corn, cheesecloth end plunge into b '1'1 tresses without submerging it or it tube and an electric blower at the base shoots a strong current of air -through the flagstaff. The air escapes through perforations in the top of the flagpole and imparts a waving motion to the flag. England must lick the Germans; but corn from the cob. Using the back lY, placing it at once into the prepared Purpose such a pillow is may be judg- There is only one chance in 17,000, - he never admitted that the War had of the knife, press the milk from the water bath. ed from the fact that (as proved by 000,000 for a mistake in finger prints, anything to do with him. cob. Pack at once into sterilized jars Pint jars are best f experiment) one of them will float for according to a French scientist. significance of what was taking place. Select young, tender ears of corn, water, Cools for six minutes after will sustain three or four men cling - Hundreds of young fellows were en- husk and remove the silk from the ear the boiling starts and then remove and ing to it. listing, but Tem held back. Septem- by brushing with a wisp broom. Plunge into cold water. Cut the corn Every soldier's and. sailor's pillow bed, October, November passed away, Plunge into boiling water and cook for from the cob at once. Pack into jars on each transport evil] be stuffed with and still Tom failed uto respond to his six minutes. Now di m as soon ae a sufficient amount of "kapok" and will be utilizable as a country's call. He quite agreed with p to cold waterlife preserver, How excellent for the his friends, and said that of course at once. With a sharp knife cut the corn is cut, Finish each jar separate - or corn, peas and "I am earning good brass," said have a fork to assist with the filling, beans. • and if I hold on I Fill only to the neck of the jar with Usually four ears will 1111 a pint jar wants shall s fight morestill. Let tbose em, the corn. Care must be used so if they are r, good size, so that when I'm noon oing to get killed," This that the corn is not packed tightly in blanching if this amount of corn is he 'said to Polly Powell one night as the jar, placed in the cloth at one time, there he sat in the private sitting -room of Now fill it to overflowing with boil- need be no delay in filling the jars. the Thorn and Thistle. ing salt water. Place the rubber and After processing, remove them at once "And quite right too, Tom," said lid in position and partly tighten; from the bath and fasten the lid Polly—"Tha'art too good a lad to be Process in hot -waster bath for three securely. Invert to test for leaks. killed by the Germans. Besides, o -s- and a half hours after the boiling Remove the jars to a cool room, ough it go without thee. If th' other starts. free from draughts, to let them cool. chaps like to be fools, let 'em," Remember that peas, beans, corn Label and date them, then store them Still Tom did not feel altogether and asparagus are vegetables that in a cool, dry place. comfortable. At the back of his g vegetables, success must be worked up very carefully, ow- When cannin mind was the vague thought that he g ought to do his bit, but his natural set- ing to the fact that the proteins of depends on speed and thoroughness. these foods will turn sour and start Keep the temperature of the room in fermenting under certain conditions, which the preparing of the vegetables This causes the flat, sour taste that is done below 85 degrees Fahrenheit, ocaprs freqquently and is called lactic and then promptly remove the jars acid i*ermeht. from the water bath when the time So, to have success with canning limit expires. Do not use any pre- corn, the work must be done in a quick servatives as they are dangerous, and thorough way, The kitchen should Foods containing them cannot be sold. he kept as cool as possible. The corn Do not stretch the jar rubbers. This should be stored in a place where it will ruin them. When ready to use will pot become heated while waiting the rubbers, pour over them plenty of fee the canning process, boiling water to sterilize them. This V9lien starting to blanch, place the also permits the rubber to slip over colli in a piece of clean muslin or the jar without stretching. frshness,, added to Polly Powell'e in- fluence, kept him at home. Besides, by this time winter had laid its icy gl.•jp upgn t1le earth. News came o soldiers bbeissg crippled for life by frostbite; stories were told of mien standing up to the waist in icy Slush; wounded men came back from the frdlili teili rg stories about the ter- rible poi*er o1 the Germans; newspa- pars were obliged to admit that w owned tobe'powerless in the face of liq,•enem", Ail this made Tom somewhat etfraid; hg was not cast in an heroic, Jo +s sa.a ..d. •.. POWER FROM IRISH RIVERS. A Plan to Harness the Shannon and Erne and Strangford Lough. Ireland, driven to act by war prices for coal, is figuring on cheaper power by developing the rivers of the island. One plan proposed is to utilize the flow of the Rivers Shannon and Erne, A second is to harness the tidal move- ments of Strangford Lough. The rivers would each, it is believed, furnish 50,000 horse power for eight months of the year and 20,000 to 40,- 000 horse power for four months, and it would be a simple engineering mat- ter to transmit the power from the Shannon to Dublin and Limerick, or from Erne to Belfast and Derry. The tidal scheme for Strangford Lough is a different matter. The lough is an east coast arm of the sea with an area of about twenty square miles and a narrow inlet, varying from one- fourth to one-half mile in width for four miles. This channel is swept by tides of from eleven and one-half to fourteen and one-half feet rise, run- ning about six hours each way. With a storage system for slack hours 32- 000 horse power could be developed. The scheme calls for an expenditure of $0,000,000. Plenty of silage and good legume hay will help keep the high feed hills away. a - A fraternal and Insurance society that rotocta rte members in accordance with rho Mario Government Standard. Sick and :moral benefits optional Authorized to pbtaln members and charter lodgesin•evoty Province to Canada. mteP uroly Canadian, oafs, sound and acorn• if there 19 no local lodge of Chooen Friends tn folloyour iisttaemj h apply direct to any of te Dr.J.W.Edwordo, M.P. W. F. Montague. Grand Councillor. Grand Recorder W. F. Campbell, J. H. Ball, 14.D , Grand Organizer. Gran4Medlcal Ex. HAMILTON • ONTARIO 2 and 5 lb. Cartons— _ 10, 20, 50 and 1001b. Bags_ has never been offered as "just as good" as some more famous brand ; for Sixty Years it has itself, been that more famous brand—and deservedly. "Let Redpath Sweeten it." 13 Made in one grade only—the highest UP-TO-DATE BAND GRENADES LATEST STYLES IN THIS OL - TIME WEAPON, Notes on the Development of This.. Very Essential Instrument of. Modern Warfare. Those enterprising chaps, the Japa- nese, were that to hit upon the notion of resurrecting the band grenade, a back number and obsolete weapon, and rising it for modern war purposes, The idea was really originated and develop- ed by one of their staff officers, Colonel Amazawa, who, during the siege of Poi't Arthur, set a lot of his men to work 'at converting empty provision tins .into bombs, hammering them into any sort of shape that would serve the purpose, end filling them with the pie, rid -acid explosive called "shimose." He fired these queer projectiles out of primitive cannon, likewise of his own devising, which were simply hol- lowed log's, re -enforced with wrap- pings of bamboo rope. By this means he could throw them far enough to reach the Russian trenches, and they proved highly effective. The Spaniards took up the idea., and a few years later, when fighting the Arabs of Morocco, did frightful execu. tion with such bombs thrown by the hand. But in the meantime they had developed this type of projectile along more scientific lines, making it of steel and providing it with a rope tail by which it could be cast with accuracy of aim. I Result of Experiments. At Madrid experimental tests were made. In one of these ninety dummy men were placed inside of a fenced in - closure forty yards in diameter and a grenade was tossed into it. Inspection to ascertain results disclosed the fact that nine of the dummies were "kill- ed," forty-seven were so badly .around. -ed as to be hors de combat, and the rest were presumably so demoralized as to be hardly capable of further fighting. No secret was made of these experi- ments, and, as a matter of course, other• nations jumped eagerly at so valuable a suggestion for killing pur- poses. The United States War De- partment took it up, and already, when the present war began, they had grenades of their own. The extent to which such missiles have been employ- ed in the great conflict abroad is sof- . ficiently well known. Naturally they have undergone much differentiation. A distinct variety is the "rifle grenade," which is a high -explosive container on the end of a steel rod that fits into the bore of the soldier's gun. There is even the giant grenade, weighing 200 pounds and carrying sixty pounds of explo- sive, which is fired from a short mor- tar. Types of Grenades. But one type merges into another. It is hard to say where the grenade ends and the projectile, properly speaking, begins. A trench mortar of the above-mentioned kind is a "mine thrower"—what the Germans„ who originated it, call a "minenwerfer," Some grenades for hand throwing are spherical, like baseballs, and not much bigger, Since the war began the U. S": mili- tary authorities have been working hard on the grenade problem. Mil- lions of grenades of different patterns have been turned out at their arsenals. The Patterns are, in the main, a secret, but one of them has been photograph- ed. It shows a cylinder of metal that is meant to contain four ounces of a high explosive (a picric acid compound I called ' dunnite"), and which is pro- vided with a rope tail for throwing. On striking the target it is exploded by a fulminate mercury cap. Until i wanted for use it is kept in a mois- ture -proof container of tinned iron, the top of which can be removed at a moment's notice by twisting a piece of metal. OUT THERE. Somewhere, out There, he is—just a boy, that's all— (Laughter sparkled in his eyes—he was always singing!) Just a boy who answered when he heard his country call; (Somewhee, Out There, he is—how my thoughts go winging!) Ready to do or dare, (Like sunlight was his hair!) Just a boy, a smiling boy, Somewhere, Out There . Idle my wheel, to -day, hushed is my spinning—' (Ah, but his eyes were blue --blue as the sea!) Somewhere Out There he is—losing or winning? • (Boy with the carefree heart, cornu back to me!) Blood red the cannons flare, (God, can you hear niy prayer?) Keep him,' my boy, from harm— Somewhere, Out There. —Margaret E. Sangster, Jr, It should never be o forgotten that fruit •and vegetable salts are abso- lutely necessary to the human sys- tem. The servants of the rich Chinese receive salary, but are paid in per. quistos, which always amount to more than the wages paid in modest house- holds,