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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1917-07-05, Page 61`T1 i rdr rf „' :. Make your Strawberry Preserves with ININF r moo" e • , r t „ ,ili sleel"rs Couducted by Professor Henry G, Hell. e. The object of this departmentla. to place at the service of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl- edged authority on all subjects pertaining to solis and Drops, Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To. ronto, and answers will appear In this oolumn In the order In which they are received. As space Is limited It le advisable where Immediate reply Is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the Henry G, Bell, question, when the answer will be mailed direct, Question—V. B.:—Will. you please give me a little advice about hog pasture? I bad a hog lot which I nianured and intend to summer fnliow. It was clover lust year. I have a grass pasture for the hogs now. What is the best to sow on this lot? Can I sow grass seed and have a grass pasture next year, and what kind? Answer;—I would advise you to plow the lot in question, and carefully disk and harrow it. Then sow a mix- ture of grass seed somewhat as fol. lows: 10 lbs. common red clover 8 lbs. timothy \. 2 lbs, alsike Total 20 lbs. per acre. This should be distributed evenly and harrowed in thoroughly. If the ground is rather open in texture, I would advise you to roll it and then follow with a light harrowing. In order to insure a good catch of grass, would recommend that you add 200 pounds per acre of a fertilizer carry- ing 2 to 8% ammonia, 8 to 10% phos- phoric acid and possibly 1% potash. Distribute this evenly just after the ground is plowed, so that the disking and harrowing will work it into the soil before the grass seed is sown. Question — E. B. How should orchard grass be sown and how cul- tivated? I have twice sown orchard grass with barley without success. What caused the failure? When is the best time to sow orchard grass, in September, or October or the Spring? How much should be sown to the acre? Answer:—If the orchard grass seed is of first quality, from 18 to 20 pounds per acre is sufficient. Other- wise, increase the quantity up to 80 pounds per acre. Probably your difficulty in seeding orchard grass with barley is that you have used too much barley and .'mothered out the grass. Do not use over a bushel of barley per acre when growing this crop as a nurse crop. Furthermore, orchard grass is rather slow becoming established. The first year it looks very weak. The second year root stalk have developed and a vigorous stand is present. It does not reach maximum growth until the third year. The best time to seed orchard grass in Piano firm. 18 Years Older than Confederation On July first Canada celebrated •the: semi -centennial' .celebration of Con-. federation: Looking back over the progress ac- complished in Canada during those years, the many remarkable achieve- ments seem hardly possible, The industries of Canada have pro- gressed step by step as the population increased. Among the older "truly Canadian" firms is The Williams Piano Co., Ltd., of Oshawa, Ont., makers of the famous 'Williams New Scale Piano. It. S. Williams came from England and established this concern in 1849- 88 years ago. Canadians will feel proud to know that they have such a "truly Canadian" piano—the Williams New Scale, which they can be proud to place in their home. The Williams Piano Co. at Oshawa will be glad to send interesting points concerning the "Artist Choice" piano, free upon re- quest. Ontario is in the Spring at the time the usual clover and grass mixtures are sown. Question—A. W. B.:—I am very much troubled with chess or cheat in my crops. Will you kindly let me know the cause and how to get rid of it? Answer:—Chess or cheat is one of the brome-glasses which seeds about the time the wheat ripens. The seeds are usually scattered by the cutting of the wheat. In preparing seen wheat it is diffiet}lt to separate them from the good ''Wheat by fanning. Hence, they are spread from year to year at the time the wheat is sown. It is a comparatively easy matter to get rid of the pest by planting your crops in a rotation where wheat does not follow wheat for two or three years. Clean cultivation and plant- ing of good clean seed will quickly rid you of the pest, Question—R. S.:—What is the best time to make a meadow, in the Fall or in the Spring? Brow much seed is re- quired for an acre? Answer:—As a rule, in Ontario best meadows are established in spring. Fall plow the land and leave it in rough furrow until spring. As soon - as it is dry enough to work in spring, disk and harrow it to a smooth seed- bed, then sow a grass and clover mix- ture, using either wheat, barley or oats as a nurse crop. Best results are obtained from using wheat or bar- ley as nurse crops, since these grains ripen early and are soon removed from the ground,. Do not seed the nurse crop too heavily. A bushel and a peck is usually sufficient to the acre v.hen using as a nurse crop. For a grass mixture the following is com- mon in Ontario: 10 lbs. common red clover 4 lbs, alsike 6 lbs. timothy 20 lbs. per acre. Make sure of. the quality of the seed by testing a couple of hundred seeds between blotters. Dampen the blotters and place them on a plate, putting the quantity of seed you are testing between them. Keep the blotters damp but not soaked, and if testing during the winter keep the test in a warm part of the house. In a week or ten days the seed will have sprouted and you can estimate the percent. of good vigorous seed. This insures the using of seed that will grow. It does not matter how well you prepare your ground, if you do not sow good vigorous seed results will not be most satisfactory. In order to insure a good catch I would advise drilling in at sealing time about 200 pounds of fertilizer analyzing 1 to 2% ammonia and 10 to 12% available phosphoric acid at the time that' you are sowing the grain and grass in spring. This avail- able plantfood gives to the grass and clover what whole milk gives to the young growing calf. It is rich in available plantfood which will great- ly assist in insuring a good catch of both clover and timothy. It will also help the grain reap. To Hold -a Cookbook Open. The most satisfactory thing with which to, keep a cookbook open when in use is a sheet of glass bound with passe-partout binding and kept for this purpose. The book is opened wide, and the glass laid over the opened pages not only keeps your place but prevents the pages from be- coming soiled while in use. Fools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools. The law of booty governing the Israelites is given in Nun. xxxi. 26-47. Booty consisted of captives of both sexes, cattle and whatever a captured city might contain, especially metallic treasures. la 10, 2e null 10Q.11,. oucka 2 mut 54b. eurteua A book of preserving labels FREE if you send us a red ball trade -marls cut from a Lando Sugar bag or carton. Atlantic SngarRefineries Limited Power mdg„ MON'rlt'i:AL. 136 °Plire'sea lI,,colorod" the pure cane eurr with "TINE" gnunulatoon that dissolves instantly, giving a clear bright syrup. ,,,JA ttfttelt2n,.0,ss,', asaa't2';. FtV-t#uos. A f: rs, , , iii Market Calendar, The culling of non -layers from the flock should be continued throughout July, The season of high production is over and at the high price of feed, it does not pay to keep hens as board- ers throughout the summer. Sell in July old hens, broilers, green ducks and old ducks. Secrets in Securing Layers. An egg -laying strain can not be produced by inbreeding. In order for a hen to be a good producer, she must be in good health and full of vigor. Use a male that was bred from a hen that laid 200 eggs or more in a year. Breed for high averages instead of ex- ceptionally high individuals. A good layer usually stands high in front and her back is not on a level, or the rear higher than the front. The best pro- ducers usually have large combs, a high tail, and a prominent, large bright eye. Prefer the wedge shape, rather narrow in front but wide be- hind, and wide between the legs. A hen inclined to be squirrel -tailed is the ;best layer. Not always the largest hen is the best layer; generally the smallest one. The heavy laying hens are those with white legs. A tight -feathered bird is a better layer than a loose -leathered one. As a rule, the first pullets of a brood to begin laying make the best layers, and the 'first cockerels to crow usually make the best breeders for egg production. The laying hen is usually nervous and active; she has a strong appeti't'e, evidenced by a full crop at night; ht, oke is the last to retire at night and the first to be about in the horning; she is also late to molt in the fall; she is distinguished by width end depth of abdomen; the comb is usually large and the eye bright. An authority says that an examina- tion of the earlobe is considered to be almost infallible. A chalky white ear- lobe indicates that a bird is laying heavily, whereas a cream -colored one shows that the bird is laying moder- ately, has just started or has just stopped. A milk -colored earlobe shows that the hen has laid slightly or has stopped laying. A very yellow or dark earlobe indicates that the hen has not laid at all. A extremely white earlobe also may mean very low' vitality. The more velvety the tex- ture of the hen's comb the better her health, and .it is almost a certain sign that she is laying heavily. A SNAKE GARDEN. Venomous Serpents Preserved as Subjects For Scientific Study. At Butanta, Brazil, there is the most remarkable and repulsive garden in the world. It is seven hundred acres in extent, and is a garden of venom- ous serpents, which are maintained for purely scientific purposes. There are laboratories which produce se- rums for the cure and prevention of the effects of snake -bite. The snakes are kept in a small park in order that their habits and the best methods of escaping their attacks may be studied, WELLS AND THEIR CONSTRUCTION Special Care Should be Exercised to Ensure a Pure and Abundant Supply of Water For Horne Use. - Apart from municipal water works, our water supply is secured almost entirely from wells. Especially is this true on the farms and in the smaller villages. It is of primary importance that the well be properly constructed, that it be situated far from any source of possible pollution, and that the water be of satisfactory quality. The safest form of well is the deep, or bored, well, carried down through pump or other elevating means at the top. Around this well, a concrete platform should be Laid of at least eight feet diameter, sloping away from the well, to prevent surplus wa- ter, or water from melting snoyr, working down alongside the pipe. The shallow, or dug, well is much more common. This type is usually the most carelessly constructed and the source of much danger to health. Such a well, however, may be con- structed in a manner as to be safe, in - so far as the collecting and containing' of the water supply is concerned, It must he understood that, no well can possibly be satisfactory if the source .�;,i of the water supply is polluted. The illustration herewith shows a let earth and rock :,eyond any danger of surface water and tightly and secure- ly lined with piping. The piping is carried up to a tight -joint with a well which is as safe as possible. For the upper nine feet the• well is watertight, the sloping platform diverts the surplus water from the well, and the top of the wall is car- ried above the level and provided with an absolutely tight cover. The pump has been placed on the concrete platform, on the ground level, the pipe is embedded in the con- crete and carried to the bottom of the well where the water is coldest. There is considerable advantage in not hav- ing tho pump at the top of the well. Surplus water is continually spilled, and, as more or less mud, barnyard manure, etc., is carried on the boots of those using the well, this water be- comes polluted and seeps through the cover. In many summer resorts, defective wells are the cause of much sickness, and many cases of typhoid among urban residents have been traced to this source. Too much care cannot be exercised in seeing that drinking water—one ofthe essentials of life— is thoroughly pie'tested. • e l Candi�clea' 4Y l!frD.%ie(t�ira .ARcv Mothers and daujhters of all ages are cordially Invited to writs to this .department Initials only will be published with each question and Its answer as a means of identification, but full name and address must be glven in each letter. Write on one side of paper only. Answers vita tie mailed direct If stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed. Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen LaW, 235 Woodbine Ave„ Toronto. 1 Mrs, E. 0,;.--1. To preserve straw- berries i11 the sunshine, place in s preserving kettle in layers as many pounds of sugar as of sound ripe ber- ries, which have been hulled, and washed, and when the juice is drawn out a little set it over the fire to cook; lot cook twenty minutes after boiling begins, Turn the berries into earth- en or agate plates, cover each with a pane o f glass to tit tightly over the top and place in the sun, :Let stand two days, stirring two or three times each day, At the end of this time place in sterilized jars, seal and store them,without •reheating, .,, 2, To give the hair a dry shampoo take one cup- ful of cornmeal, warm it in the oven, add one-quarter cupful salt to it, mix well, then holding tho head over a cloth or newspaper rub the meal into the scalp. Brush thoroughly. Peggy: -1. Red Cross Societies are an outgrowth of the convention' of Geneva, Switzerland, held in 1864. 2. Yes, the South Pole was discovered by Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian ex- plorer, who reached it on December 16, 1911. Robert Falcon Scott, the English naval officer .and explorer, reached the South Pole on January 18, 1912, only to fled the Norwegian flag and records left by Amundsen, Scott perished on the return trip. Mrs. S. T.:-1, Aphids or plant lice and black fly are the insects injuring your currants and gooseberries. They usually attaok the new leaves and tips. Frequent spraying with some of the tobacco preparations or whale oil soap has a good effect. If the fruit is not more than half formed put in the soap or tobacco solution one tablespoonful of arsenate of lead paste or one-half tablespoonful of arsenate of lead pow- der or one teaspoonful of paris green to a gallon of the spray. If the fruit N well formed this is too poisonous to use and as a substitute you can use hellebore, one ounce to a gallon. of water. Hellebore is a ..mild poison and must be bought fresh each time, as it loses its virtue on opening. In all these mix the poison in a very lit- tle water, smooth, before blending with the other solution. 2. Your garden is afflicted with cutworms. These usually work at night and are among the most malicious of insect pests. One way to help is to make a ring aroLnd each plant in the effect- ed area of quicklime. Another is to use a poison mash. This is made with cue pint bran, one=half teaspoonful parts green and one teaspoonful mo- lasses with enough water to moi'steh to a thick dough. Put a little of this along the rows, and the cutworms will eat it and die. In the fall dig in a good lot of quicklime in the affected ground, after the garden crops are all in. Care should be taken to keep children and domestic animals from the poison bait. Mother: -1. To protect the child from flies and mosquitoes, make a framework of slender stripe of wood the size of the bed, and tie the four supporting uprights to the bedposts, ovor thin flame a two -yard -wide piece of cotton mosquito netting is thrown and the edges tucked in under the mattress. Let there be plenty of fresh air in the room; it spells health; 2. The rubber diaper is decidedly harmful to baby. It ants like a heat- ing compress, keeping the genitals in a constant state of moist heat which encourages itching, with its con- sequent scratching and rubbing. One of its most serious after effects. it bad practices. 'The mother or caretaker seeking protection may carry about a rubber pad to place 011 their laps under the child, but under no circum- stances bind up the child with rubber cloth. 3. A child's bed should not be too soft. A, hair mattress or some firm sanitary cotton mattress is best. This should be covered with a protec- tive' strip of stork sheeting and the pad, over which should be spread a cotton sheet. The covering on the bed should be as light as is consistent with needed warmth. Overheating is highly injurious. A baby should have a bed to himself. 4. The best method of removing superfluous hair is to destroy each individual hair with a lit- tle electric needle. This method is called electrolysis. 5. Vitamines are the vital elements in cereal grains, milk, eggs and vegetable products. They lie very close to the outer cover- ing in grains, cereals and many vege- tables; are easily destroyed by high temperature in cooking. 0. W. G,:-1. To remove white spots from a polished surface rub with a soft cloth wet 'in essence of pepper- mint until spot disappears; then polish with flannel. This will not injure the most highly polished wood. 2. For a holder to remove boiling pots from the stove or in draining vegetables, use an ordinary canton flannel mitt with palm and thumb padded with cot- ton and a loop of tape sewed to the wrist for a hanger. The protection it gives the hack of the hand is ob. vious. 3. I am told that a paste of molasses and flour willlemove grass stains from colored fabrics without ef- fecting the color. To remove grass stains from white flannel trousers, dis. solve one cupful washing soda in two cupfuls water, heat the solution, make a suds of naphtha soap, immerse the stain and rub gently. Ammonia and water or alcohol are also good if the stains are fresh. 4. A faded black silk dress may be cleaned by the use of a weak solution of coffee water. Restore the lustre by careful rubbing with a soft silk handkerchief and do not Wet the silk too much. 5. By all means write to your hostess within two or three days after your return home. Just write an easy chatty letter about things in general. Be sure to tell your hostess how notch you enjoyed visiting her. Flatulent colic may be caused by change in food, too much succulent and easily fermented food, as green clover, etc. It is indicated by uneasi- ness, stamping, pawing, rolling', etc., with continuous' pain of varying in- tensity. Bloating soon o°ecurs, more noticeable on the right side. Drench .with 2 to 3 oz. oil of turpen- tine in a pint of raw linseed oil, and if necessary repeat in 2 hours. Give rectal injections of warm soapy water. If pain be excessive give drench of 11/2 oz. each of laudanum, sweet spirits of nitre and tincture of bella- donna in a pint of water. Repeat in 2 hours if necessary. Make the horse understand what you want him to do. Kind words and caressing touches will improve both his mind and his temper. You will never fail in this way unless you de- lay the beginning too Iong. When he is afraid of harnegs, pa- pers or machines it is not affectation —it is serious business with him. Flogging will not remove it. Con- vince him by talking that he,is wrong and then you will cure him. Whipping is likely to send his hot blood from his heart to his head, de- luging his sensitive brain and driving him to a frenzy or blinding him with fear. When he is old enough to set up in business for himself he,Rshould be taught the horse alphabet—the halter, bit, harness, the words that mean "come," "go on," "stop," "back" and the feeling of pleasure under the owner's hand. These should all be familiar from colthood up. Horses whose education is begun early will al- ways develop a good character. 'They i will • never be balky, scary, nor will a they be biters, kickers or have a tend- ency to run away. Some horses will become frightened and will kick when given a dry -straw bedding. This probably means that at one time he was hurt with a pitch- fork. He isn't wicked but nervous. Teach him that there is no danger. The Valise of Fruit Aoide. Many persons are afseaid of fruits because of the acids which they think OM contain, Professor Bungs, of Basle, has shown that the acids of fruit are valuable as nutrients, a giv- en weight of the acids of lemons, ap- ples, or grapes—citric, malic, or tar- tarie—being equal in nutritive value to one-half the quantity of starch or sugar, Acids are valuable as disinfectants to the stomach, thus cor•1•osting per- tain disease prdeesses. Only those suffering from gastric ulcer or chronic catarrh of the atofnaeli or intestines need avoid acid fruits, and even in such cases ruits may gradually be s f Yg Y in- troduced into the dietary, 'providing proper curative measures are adopted. Fruit acids increase intestinal ac- tivity, and thus relieve constipation. They are extremely valuable• for per- sons subject to billiousness, coated tongue, gallstones, chronic rheumat- ism, Bright's disease and gout. The acids of fruits become alkalies after digestion and oxidation, hence do not produce an acid state of the blood, as do mineral acids. The great quantity of apples usually found in most parts of the country renders it an easy matter to secure an abundant supply of fruit acid in the form of canned apple juice, or sweet eider. Apples should be selected, washed and made into clear juice, which may easily be canned in glass jars or jugs ,at a very small expense. Half a pint of fresh apple juice (un- fermented) taken a half hour before each meal and on going to bed at night is an excellent remedy for "bilious- ness" and constipation. Acid fruits of all kinds should en- ter more freely into the average. bill of fare. The nutritive value of ,fruits is small, but the value of fruit acids for purifying the stomach and alim- entary canal and increasing the activ- ity of the kidneys and liver gives to this class of foods a high value. How To Purify Water. Water, which looks so harmless and tastes all right while it is going down, and seems so refreshing, may, how- ever, contain the deadliest germs of disease, A In a big city the water supply is regularly inspected by bacteriologists, people trained in the special work of testing the purity of the water. Therefore the danger of using the water out of the tap is not great. When special pollution occurs the public is supposed to be notified at once by the authorities, so that they may take precautions. In the country or in small cities, where the water is not regularly in- spected and where there is any un- certainty regarding its purity, it is always advisable to use a good deal of caution, Personal protection be- comes necessary. The water should be either boiled or filtered or chemically purified with chlorinated lime. Reliable filters are easily obtain- iible. For household use there are excellent filters, which render the-wa- ter itswa- ter practically free from dangerous organisms, Those that are made of porous earthenware, which can be taken from its place and cIcaned by boiling, and thus can be used indef- ii.itely, are particularly good. Whether or not the water is clean may mean whether or die. you drink you live WHEN IS A GLASS FULL? How You Can Place Various Objects in a Glass "Full" of Water. - • Why is it that when a pail of water s brimming full, one can put a fish of pound weight into it, and yet it will not overflow? A very ancient cgnunclrum; and the answer, of course, is that such a thing isn't possible. • Nevertheless, you can do some very surprising "stunts" in much the same line with a glassful or a cupful of wa- ter. You may fill the receptacle to the very brim, and yet put quite a lot of junk of one kind -or another into it without making it overflow. It is necessary, howevey to place the glaze on a table that is perfectly horizontal. And the water must be poured into it, slowly and carefully, in such a way as to avoid wetting the edge. Then you can drop '`a pin into it, point first, without causing it to over- flow,. Yon can drop several pins, two •.. or three at a time. In fact, if you do it right, you can drop sixty or eighty ordinary pins into the glass, and still the water will not trickle over the edge. The reason why is simply that the edge is not wet,and on this account it is possible literally to pile up the wa- ter perceptibly higher than the level of the brim. • The seine thing can be dens' with tacos or with coins. Put up more food this year than over when packing for winter ilea. Clean up the old coffee grinder, or buy a new one, and grind your own corn meal for griddle cakes, muffins and bread. If you do not like bread made of eon meal alone, use some wheat flour with it. Since home ground corn meal door not keep long, it is better, to use whole corn by the bushel and gl'ind for meat as needed. A Great Remedy Tu. i3EENDERSON'S Herb Treat- ment (tablets), the great 01000 purlfiet•, W111 cure rheumatism, con- stipation, eezemh, kidney, liver, atom- aoh and female troubles, Price 51, with guarantee, or 6 boxes for 556, Postpaid, Henderson Herb Co., .Dept. W„ 170 Spadima Ave„ Toronto. RIOT' THIS WAV — 1'LL GUESS YOUR W;IGHY W01'Hlrl 711•Ree povNps— t i.l. BEY THE. LADY WEIGHS MORE THAN THE LIT11SEs SAY HELEN, 'lou L NAD be reiz Go AHEAD AND Go HOME, I'M GOING OVER. TO SIP A PMR OF 4,sHoEs /�' i - 4oW BELE/4, LET'S MEASURE • 1 WANT -To SEE NOW MUCH SHoRYER-. I AM `THAN `IOU 1 1 GUass-i11sRe, ARE S%%oRTER_ sUYs THAN Me IN 111•16 WoRLD, ti