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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1917-06-28, Page 6m, 'mg Henry G. Bell. Conducted by Professor Henry G. 13e11. i• The obJect of this department le to place at the service of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl- edged authority on all subJects pertaining to soils and crops. Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Sell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company,, Limited, To- ronto, and answers will appear In this column In the order in which they are received, As space Is limited It is advisable where immediate reply Is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when the answer will be mailed direct, Question --C. H. :—I have a piece of red clay land and for years I have tried either corn or oats or something and it always fails to catch, then turn the stock in the remainder of the sea- son, What is the best way to get it seeded? Which Idnd of clover should I sow? The land is high and dry, and' most always is so hard one cannot cul- tivate it. It has lots of Canadian thistle on it. Answer:—Evidently you have been unfortunate in working your clay lain at the wrong time. Clay must not b worked while it is too wet else it wil break down and puddle, preventing circulation of both air and water in the soil. When you can roll a bal of clay in your hand, and on striking it with your finger, it breaks into several parts, the land is ready to plow, If, .however, it is `icky like putty, do not work it. If left until it is too dry, it will break into hard clumps like bricks, which means a bad seed -bed. Some farmers, after plowing clay soil, leave the furrows to dry out for a day or two. This is exceedingly bad practice. If the clay soil is in right condition, just enough should be plow- ed so that it can be disked or harrowed the same day. It will help your soil to apply about 1,000 pounds per acre of air -slaked burnt lime. Scatter this on the soil and harro-• it in carefully. The lime will correct the sourness of the soil and will make the texture of the seed -bed better. Any kind of clover should do well on this soil. When you have produced a good seed- bed, I would advise drilling in barley or oats at the rate or about a bushel, and a half per acre and at the same time seeding the ground to a mixture' of clovers, making sure, however, that you have used good grass and clover seed, In order to insure a good catch of grass, put on 200 ;sounds of fertilizer! at the time of seeding. It will be well to apply the lime at ]east two weeks previous to sowing the gram and grass seed. The fertilizer should analyze about 2% ammonia, 8 to 10% phosphoric acid and possibly 1% pot- ash, It is available plantfoocI anti will give strength to the young oats r and clover the same as whole milk e helps the growing cattle. 1 Question—J. S.:—We have a nine - acre field that had sod plowed under three years ago; it was cropped twice 1 with corn and once with oats. This spring I put it into ensilage corn, and want to seed it next spring. As this 1 field was never manured much I won- b dered if there was anything I could sow to get a good catch of clover the last time cultivating, to plow under es green manure this fall. This field is Partly low, black soil. Answer :—I would advise you to ap- ply 200 to 250 pounds of fertilizer a analyzing 1 to 2% ammonia and 8 to r 10'i phosphoric acid. This will ma- terially help your corn and at the same time will supply available plantfood to start off your clover vigorously. If the soil is at all sour; that is, if you can see moss or sheep sorrel growing D in the field—I would advise you to c scatter ground limestone over the field b at once at the rate of a ton per acre A Woodland Quarrel, t Reddy Squirrel was having an efts. noon nap in his cosy home, deep i the heart of an old chestnut tree, Mr Squirrel was out for a little airin and had left Reddy to mind the babie while she was gone. The little fel lows were sleeping so quietly tha there seemed no good reason wh Reddy should not have a nap, too. 1Ii sleep had been badly broken of lot by one of the babies that was havin trouble with its teeth, So he euriel up In a fat red ball and in seven wink was sound asleep. Rat-tat-tat-tr-r-r-p-rt! That was the noise that made Reddy Squirrel wake up with a sudden start Ile raised his head and listened hard What could it have been? A women later he heard it again•r• Rat-tat-tat-tr--r-r.-rt! Then Reddy Squirrel knew very well what the noise was. Ho had heard it many tines in the forest. It was Downy Woodpecker drilling a hole in the bark of the old chestnut, Reddy Squirrel was very cross when he Jump- ed out of bed and ran to the door of his house. "Go away from here!" he chattered, as he pushed his head outside. "What do you mean by such noises on tate trunk of my tree?" Rat-tat-tat-tr-r-r-r-rt! answered Downy Woodpecker, as he pushed his ong, barber tongue into a hole in the ark and pulled out a choice morsel. "Go away, I say!" chattered Reddy Squirrel, louder than before. "You will wake up the babies!" "You seem to be the only one to tvalce up so far!" retorted Downy Woodpecker, and his tones were just s unfriendly as those of Reddy Squir- eL "And don't bother me, for I'm busy getting dinner." "Well, aren't there trees enough for you without trying to knock mine to pieces?" asked Reddy Squirrel. "This is not your tree," replied owny Woodpecker, "One of my ousins used to have a home here long efore you came along. Moreover, •. n s. g, t tree to drill for your dinner, I will nit y go to your tree for nuts or to harm $ your family. In that way things will o besnuch more pleasant all round." "Agreed!" Agreed! said Downy Woodpecker; r "That is a sensible arrangement. Why snot go further than that? Why not get all the squirrels and woodpeckers in the forest to live up to the same ar- rangement? There are trees enough for all of us," "Very well," agreed Reddy Squir- t rel. "I will see all my cousins at once, and you must explain the plat) to all the woodpeckers. My, it will be fine to sleep in peace hereafter!" That is the way the quarrel between the squirrels and the woodpeckers, a quarrel of very long standing, came to an end in the big forest. If you ever hear a squirrel and a woodpeck- er scolding away at each other you may know that one of them has brok- en the agreement, and that the council of the wood folk will punish him for it. The Usual Programme. you come to my tree for nuts when you feel like it, and only the other .day you frightened my family almost out of their wits when you were climbing round there," So they scolded and argued, but they got nowhere at all, And meanwhile the baby squirrels woke up and cried, and Downy Woodpecker made no fiir- ther progress toward getting his din- ner. It woe Reddy Squirrel who finally put an end to the quarrel, "I'll tell you what I'll do," he said at last, "If you will not come to MY This should be worked into the soil as you cultivate the corn and will sweeten it so that conditions will be proper for the growth of clover. The ground limestone will not materially help the corn, but will sweeten the soil. Mb' Market Calendar. The culling of non -layers from the flock should be continued throughout July. The season of high production is over and at the high price of feed, it does not pay to keep hens as board- ers throughout the summer, Sell in July old hens, broilers, green ducks and old ducks. Heat is the great enemy of eggs, both fertile and infertile. Follow these simple rules, which cost nothing but time and thought, and you will add dollars to the poultry yard re- turns: Keep the nests clean; provide one nest for every four hens. Protecilotr2tock Iincrease your profits, comply with the sanitary demands of health authorities, milk com- panies, etc., and at a saving of time, money and labor ! Make your stables, dairies, poultry houses and cellars, bright, cheerful and free from lice, mites and the germs of in- fectious disease 1 Instead of us- ing whitewash and then a disen- fectant, use Pee 01-eN It disinfects and paints at the same time. It is a Anelpowdered Y with mineral pigment combined with a germi- cide 20 times stronger than pure carbolic acid, but absolutely non- pBolsonous, Will not harm man, beset or fowl. Ready t0 apply as soon as missed with Bold water -i•no waiting, straining or bother as with white- wash,. Can be applied with either brush or sprayer. Dries a clear white, Will not blister, bake or peel off. No disagreeable odor. Sold by Dealers Everywhere, NOWLAND SONS & CO., Ltd, Toronto - - Canada Gather the eggs twice daily. Keep the eggs in a cool, dry room or cellar, Market the eggs at least twice a week, Sell, kill or confine all male birds as soon as the hatching is over. With poultry costs so high, why not keep an accurate account of the re ceipts and expenditures? A simpl s of peas. After the drying has commenced s several trays may bbe thrown way to keep track of the grain used i to build a supply bin in the poultr house. The grain can be easily weigher: and the amount recorded eac time the bin is filled. A tabulate sheet tacked upon the side of the bi may also be used for recording the egg yield and receipts. The poultry house should be placed away from other farm buildings where the drainage is good. Dampness is very dangerous and the floor of the poultry house must be higher than the outside soil. A house should never be less than fourteen feet deep and fou square feet of floor space should b allowed to each bird. When a cement floor is used in the house it should be made in creases to prevent the hens from slipping, Don't build the houses too high or it will be difficult to keep the birds warm. By using one-fourth Punch once had a scene in which a district visitor is shown entering 'the cottage of a poor woman. The visitor is evidently new to the business and somewhat embarraesed. The cottager says to her: "I'm quite well, thank yer, miss; but I ain't seed you afore. Ye're fresh at it, ain't yer, miss?" "I have never visited you before, Mrs. Johnson." The woman dusts a chair, "Well," she- says, "yer sits down here, an' yer reads me a short Psalm; ,yer gives me a shillin', and then yer goes!" A farmer with a head full of unused ideals is like a box full of plants—get spindly if not transplanted, Drying Fruits and Vegetables Man's primitive effort to avail himself of nature's gift in conserving and storing of foods for winter use was by sun -drying. In many parts of Europe this method alone is used in caring for the abundant harvests. To success- fullyr ' dry f nits and vegetables a drier is essential. A small one may be constructed at home. This will enable the housewife to bring it indoors in case of sudden storm. By the drying process the housekeeper can take care of all surplus foods for which she cannot find cans or jars. Small quantities can be dried daily, these may be ground with meal or flour and made into palatable bread, entailing little work. Peas, beans and corn may be dried, and, if the necessity should arise, Hex To Dry Peas. Shell peas, spread on tray of the drier, place in the sun or a place where e a strong current of air will strike the e drier. At first have a single 1 layer y together. Peas should be dried until, when one is dropped upon a plate or table, it gives off a hollow sound. This usually will be accomplished h in three to five clays. It is possible to dry vegetables and fruits and even beef in this way, n After the peas are thoroughly dried they must be cared for in a manner that will insure their keeping qualities. It is necessary to make bags of cheesecloth. Place the dried peas in these bags, wrap in newspaper, then again in a piece of cheesecloth. Now give the bag a coat of whitewash, taking care to apply it thoroughly about the string -end of the bag. Hang by string from ceiling in dry, cool store- room or cellar, or they may be packed in an old washboiler. Clean old pillow slips or other pieces of muslin may be used in place of the cheese- cloth. A good size to make bags is 8 by 12 inches, - Beans may be dried by the same method. r. HOW TO CONS'l'ltiJCT VEGETABLE AND FRUIT DRIER e FRONT viepv Sae bJ,C':%V 7.7 Inch mesh wire on the windows the t, eeee` e.er'r... . eeee-see lesa. wire will break the wind and keep out sparrows A glass cup holding a sponge satu- rated with glycerin has been invent- ed, to be used as a penwiper, the glycerin preserving the pen from rust. I Thousands of persons every year are crippled or killed because they fail to place a value upon their own safety, A small boy was stung b, a nettle, "Mother," he asked, "If a bee lights on a nettle would it sting the bee, or would the bee sting it?" When washing heavy clothes (like overalls or children's jumpers) which' are badly soiled, it will be found easier to place them on the wash -board and use a scrubbing -brush, 11' 0141I/ Oaf t.• FR/IME SNCL CIOYEPEO N'/TN NET r y i To construct the drier, have twelve c. ik� pieces of lumber, 2 by 2, each 16 ."•i• inches long.•.� Put together to forma t' a i skeleton box, using screws to fasten,`'``" _ { F Place a large screw -eye at the bottom at each of the four corners, so that the drier will set on these screw -eyes. Every four inches down the four uprights of the drier place a screw -eye, these to act as holders for the shelves, which will be placed upon them. Make skeleton shelves from 1 by 1 lumber. Each shelf will take two pieces 16 inches long and two pieces 18 inches long. • Cover with screen wire and paint with white enamel to prevent rusting. These trays will slide into the skeleton frame. The whole thing may be covered with a clean piece of cheese- cloth while the fruit is drying, so that dust cannot come m contact with the drying foods. la II tam. 43 11.0.4610. Cmrairclec:6y Piro .70.Cen -Crin Mothers' and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to write to this department. initials only will be published with each question and its answer as a means of Identification, but full name and address must be given in each letter. Write on one side of paper only. Answers will lee malted direct If stamped and addressed envelope Is unclosed. Toronto, Address ail„ correspondence for this department to Mrs, Helen Law, 235 Woodbine Ave P. 8.;-1, Dingy rubbers can bo made to look like new if they are wash- ed with ammonia and water, than cov- ered with a thin coating of shoe black- ing and allowed to dry thoroughly be- fore wearing. 2. A silver mesh bag can be cleaned satisfactorily by washe ing in warm water with' Mire white soap, using a small toothbrush to clean the links, Rinse and Pat dry between cloths. 3. A sprinkling can which leaks slightly should have a cup- ful of melted paraffin poured into it and shaken around so the bcttont will be evenly coveted. When the wax hardens the can will be found to hold water without leaking. 4, In convey- ing food to the mouth it is proper to change the fork from the left to the right hand after cutting the food, al- though this rule must not be so strict- ly adhered to as to appear awkward, Mrs. C. T,:—If your pillow oases have worn in the middle you can use the end as a bureau cover. Cut the seam the depth of your bureau, open the pillow case and you will have a bureau cover ready to hem along back and ends. If your cases are em- broidered or hemstitched, so much the better, because this will form the front of your cover, Inquirer: -1, It is not considered good form to say"Pleased tomeet you," or "Glad to know you,” when intro- duced, but rather "I am very glut to meet you, Mrs.—", or some such sen- tence. Always use the personal pro- noun "I". 2, Fig sandwiches are un- usual and delicious; also gingerbread sandwiches. For the first use two cupfuls chopped figs, one-half cupful water, one-half cupful sugar, one-half cupful butter, white bread. Put the figs through a food chopper, add the sugar and water and„coolc until thick, Cool, add the butter and mix well. Spread between thin slices of sand- wich bread which has had the crust removed. To make the gingerbread sandwiches, cut thin slices of ginger- bread which has been baked a day or two before it is to be used, otherwise it will crumble. Butter each slice and spread with honey. 3. A woman should rise to greet a man if she is the hostess or when a man much older than herself is presented to her, espec- ially if he is distinguished in any way or is a clergyman. Under ordinary circumstances a woman need not rise when a man is introduced to her, but it is gracious and courteous for her to rise to greet an old acquainitulco, whether man or woman, Busy Bee: -1, A Penanta hat which has become stained with perspiration can be cleaned in the following way: First immerse the hat in a solution of sodium hypophosphite; follow this with a dip into oxalic acid. The stain should disappear in an how or two; when it does, rinse the hat in clear water and afterward in a weak gyloerin eolution. The hat will be ready for blocking, 2. For an oily skin try boric acid, l4 dram; alcohol, Ye ounce; rose water, Sys ounces. Mop oft' the surface night and morning with this wash, then dust with a fine rice powder. Anxious:—To pasteurize milk heat it to a temperature of 145 degrees Fahrenheit for 20 minutes, It should then be -cooled quickly to 45 degrees Fahrenheit and kept at this tempera- ture till used. Pasteurization ac- cording to these directions will kill the typhoid and other disease germs in milk. 2. Silver which is to be given as a wedding present to a widow should be marked with the initials of the bride's maiden name• F. D.:-1. Tho first airplane actual - Mosquitoes and Flies. We do not know what new enemies we may have to fight during the com- ing summer, but we are quite sure that we shall not fail to meet our olrl foes -mosquitoes, house flies, and all the usual insects pests, Inasmuch as it has been proved beyond all ques- tion that these insects are responsible for the spread of many dreaded dis- eases, we no longer have the excuser of igntoraece if we allow them to multi- ply round us, In the tropical zones the mosquito carries yellow fever frons eine human being to another; in the temperate zone it carries malaria. Wherever men succeed in exterminat- ing the insect these disorders die out, The people of the more civilized parts of the world are paying much at- tention to this exterminating process and are spending large sums of money, with the v'esult that in many localities the mosquito is becoming rare, much to the improvement of the general health, to say nothing of the general comfort. The worst of it is that a community of conscientious people is more or less at the mercy of their slack neighbors. It is discouraging to exterminate one's own pests only to have the wind drive a flock over from the next community. We must labor, therefore, to educate people morally as well as mentally in these platters and try to convince them that duty calls as clearly as self-interest. The house fly is so notoriously un- clean that tate instincts of all good housekeepers are against hire, ir- respective of the question of health; but if all women were made to look at ood through a microscope after flies ad been on it, they would be still more particular. Investigators have roved by careful computation that ne fly sometimes harbors more than a million bacteria. The time to begin the fight against these horrors is the very early sum- er, when the first warm weather rings out the hibernating flies. De - troy each one ruthlessly then and fere. Explain the danger of them leanly to children of every age, and how them a magnified picture of a ouse fly with the accumulated dirt on s legs. Preach aloud until everyone news that flies spell typhoid fever, any other intestinal disorders, and specially the dlysentery that carries ff so many young children in the hot eather, ly to leave the ground was made by Sir George Cayley in 1796. 2, The e newest submarines are able to im- h merse in sixty seconds, 3. St, Paul's Cathedral, London, is 364 feet high. 4. The "Old Lady of Threadneedle o Street" is the Bank of England, so called from the street in which it is located, Maid:—At a home wedding the m bridal party enter as follows: The b officiating clergyman should enter the e room first and he is immediately fol- ei lowed by the bridegroom and his best man. When they reach the part of c the room where the ceremony is to be h perforated they turn and face the le guests, who stand on either side, leav- ing eav ing a space or aisle for the bridal party to walk along. The two brides- e maids enter side by side or singly, as e you prefer, then the bride, who slips o her arm through the left arm of her w father or the person who is to give her in marriage in his place. When they reach the improvised altar the father steps aside and the bridegroom takes his place. Azoturia is caused by high feeding during a few days' rest. After going a variable distance, the horse shows pain and lameness, sweats, falls or lies down, may or may not be able to rise, urine becomes thick and very dark in color, Prevention consists in giving daily exercise or materially reducing grain ration. To cure, give .puragtive, make comfortable, give 2 drams iodide of potassium 3 times daily. , Draw urine off with catheter. The draft horse is the safest pro- position for the average farmer. Keep on good terms with your horse; he will feed better and develop a better character. Let him increase the number of his human friends as rapidly as possible and attach himself to them so that ho will leave his animal associates to go to them. A little care and quiet rest niay save a horse's life and also a vet- erinarian's bill. One can learn that a horse is sick as easily as he can that Y a human be- ing is out of temper. Many horses are timid by inherit- ance. It is not a fault, but a mis- fortune and should not be cured' by whipping but by good treatment. The trouble lies not in his will, but in his over -delicate nerves. You will lose time by becoming angry with him. Suppress your angry tones and cruel strokes, External and ineernal parasites, such as lice and worms, may cause the loss of 25 to 50 per cent, of feed and Guard Baby's Mouth. It appears so comforting to the baby to suck his fingers, fists or thumbs, and it is so tiresome to keep always on the alert to circumvent him that many mothers allow 'the child to form tho bit. This is not only insanitary at nes, but if long continued, induces ange in the shape of the mouth and nth, From the very outset of life, the outh should be guarded. The baby the cradle instinctively stuffs his fist into his mouth and sucks it hard whenever he experiences hunger. This habit favors the introduction of in- fectious germs, The creeping child. especially when allowed the freedom of the floor, which is the repository of household dust, sucks his fist or fin- gers at his peril. Dust clings to his hands, hides under nails, adheres to his rattle and ythings which occupy the floor with m high to be killed in that way., and when he puts any of thorn in - his mouth lie may inoculate himself th tuberculosis or some other lady. At least, he may get some 'el disorder. he "soother," "consolation nipple 'pacifier.," as it is variously termed, onceded to be one of the most in- itery devices ever invented for a y's use and should never bo permit - horsepower. Rid the animals and ha stables of these pests. A few cheap window and door screens will do much 11 to give comfort to the horses, not to only in the keeping out of flies but also in the providing of good stable m ventilation during the summer months, .lit Put a pair of old cultivator wheels on the front end of the hog chute and it can be moved from. one pen to an- other in half the time and with less work, his Poisoning rats in the hog lots is pia rather risky business. Pork is too hi It is well to be alarmed over the cer- to tainty of a decrease per capita in the ma number of cattle, hogs and sheep. bo Meat, milk, butterfat and wool con- T stitute a great reserve force in our or preparedness campaign, Less crossing of breeds is respon- ssae sible for fewer spotted swine than were bah common several years ago. One breed to a farm and one standard—the best —are pushing the swine industry aheaittld, Le pigs that • are given plenty of exercise will not over- eat. Feed all they will eat up clean of a well-balanced growing ration; if they will eat what is put before them they are not being overfed. The world's supply of wheat is cer- tain to be dangerously short this year, and this shortage will utdoubtedl ted. A baby should not be put upon the floor without first spreading a clean sheet over the floor or carpet to pro- ., tact it from dirt and dust. A TOAST TO CANADA. - (A Marching Song,) Here's to the wheat lands, The oat lands, the rich lands; Here's to the grass lands, Where lusty cattle low. e's to the ploughed lands, brown lands, quick lands, rich lands of Canada, here foodstuffs grow. greatly affect corn pri to the bene- He fit of the grower. The The The Here's to the deep mines, The rare mines, the rich mines; Here's to the black mine, It's miner's lamp aglow, Here's to the wild wood, The strong wood, The great woods, The wooden walla of Britain, Where the wild winds blow• Here's to the great hearts, The strong hearts,, the true hearts, The hearts in the breasts Of O'anadinn men we know. Here's to their purpose, Their high, loyal purpose: To give even life itself That freedom shall not go, —Joanna E. Wood, Weighing IIis Words Young assistant (at telopbone)-. Mrs, Waiting wants to know where the sirloin is she ordered for dinner? The Jolly Butcher --Tell her it's on the weigh now, Replace old rail fences with wire and use the wood as a 'provision against winter scarcity of fuel, GUESS I'LLTHROW 1F 1 THROW lM IN THE 1 HADN'T SETTER `111(zoW /1•� TH'EsE OLP SAFaV 'M NOPE- I ' 1 ►\� RAZOR gl ADES YARD SOME KID MIGHT IN r1+� WAsTEkEi L)1 T BETTER PUT TNM 114 IF f IN BETTER PUT GET THEM ='T _ SOME ONE. VJiL15UREL`11 AveTRoFM YNE eAVETrZoU6H 7M1ry AWAY — TNERe, SOME AN1MAt- — 'LM BACK-, cur-rHeMSeLVes MIGNY Ml6Ni' STEP UP Tile. Fre — 6r r 1 Gi)CSv t9 ,.� p, 'p tin° �;� , J '.--"---...':,-,01A elp -.:•\ 7 1-1f- i try II '' 1 Mi M ' �+ fl, .---. (" '3 ^i'`vi ). —'1 d } .,'r w. • • bey 9' _ -d, 7JL" lir Th 111 if � "'�OARl3l1GE`���� A(t �� Ill/i� r,rr 11 i;:q. � '_ '"° '�kik jai; I 1 fe / ' lir w � I I IA - - _ vS;icZ4•CSYet4t The Here's to the deep mines, The rare mines, the rich mines; Here's to the black mine, It's miner's lamp aglow, Here's to the wild wood, The strong wood, The great woods, The wooden walla of Britain, Where the wild winds blow• Here's to the great hearts, The strong hearts,, the true hearts, The hearts in the breasts Of O'anadinn men we know. Here's to their purpose, Their high, loyal purpose: To give even life itself That freedom shall not go, —Joanna E. Wood, Weighing IIis Words Young assistant (at telopbone)-. Mrs, Waiting wants to know where the sirloin is she ordered for dinner? The Jolly Butcher --Tell her it's on the weigh now, Replace old rail fences with wire and use the wood as a 'provision against winter scarcity of fuel,