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The Seaforth News, 1917-06-21, Page 2?.ib It :ifr�t� {i ;•''�D tifat +•rya" '' i+r?;:±n'x wc"....�, +l 'a4iA F' N %, '� ..:' �. �,r,. :rib. li :. ,.'�iy(4n��tlu srr... ( ducted illy Professor Henry G.13011. The object of this department Ie to place at el eervIee of our farm readera the advIOe of en eioknoWG edged authority on all aublects pertaining to soils mall eropo, Address ail questiene to Professor Henry G. Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To• ronto, and answers will appear In this column In the Order In which they are received. As apace is limited !t Is advisable where Immediate reply Is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelops be enclosed with the Benry G. Bell. question, when $ti4 answer will be mailed direct, —I have a field of analyzing 2 to 3%n ammonia, 8 to 10% only have Deposits and Assets grown Question—C. K.. MERCHANTS BANK. NOW A HUNDRDi) MILLION ' DOLLAR INSTITUTWQN, Assets Increased by nearly $25,000,000 in the Past Year, while Current Loans, and Discounts In- creased by $13,002,393. The 54th Annual Statement of the Merchants Bank of Canada, just pre- sented to the Shareholders, ahows most gratifying progress during the year ending April 80th lust. Not about forty acres of heavy June grass phosphoric acid and 1% potash. This very substantially, but current Louie sod 'rhe land is mucky, with clay will start your corn crop off strong and Discounts, the measure of the sub -soil, I would like to itnow if buck- and vigorous, just the same as whole Bank'e participation in the commercial wheat would be of any use to subdue milk gives a vigorous start to Your development of the Dominion, have in - the June grass on this land? I have a calves. I Question— —958. This indicates something field which has a heavy sed about four $62737g years old which was turned down and of the revival of businese which has Plaited to beans last year. On ac -'been so marked throughout Canada. good crop of beets on this land seven years ago. After the beets I had oats, but'they grew rather too rank and lodged, thereby killing out part of the seeding which caused the June count of wire worms I did not plant The increase in assets for the year grass to take a start and it has been to oats or corn this Spring. I have it� A C I hive a five aero creased over 28%, reaching a total of left in that way ever since, so that plowed again and intend planting to amounted to $24,769,195, or over 25% it is now almost a solid June grass beans, but some of my neighbors said bringing the total assets up to $121, - sod. Now if you believe that buck they would take the beans. Will ,130, 568, and enrolling the Merchants wheat would grow on this land then I they? 1f so, is there anything I can 'Bank. among Canada's Hundred Mil - would like to icnow what kind of buck- do torevent it? Ido not find many wheat to get and how much to sow per acre, Answer:—The soil that you describe should produce a rank growth of buck- wheat. The crop, however, is better suited so a clay loam. If you seed a suitable home in the sod whi-.- -Ton Million Dollars in Dominion and buckwheat on this soil, it should make plowed under. You are planning cor- sufficient growth to overcome the reedy to plant this land to a cultivated Imperial war obligations, indicating June grass, if the seed -bed is well pre- crop this year, since through cultiva- that the Bank is doing its share to - tion it seems possible to get rid of the ward carrying the {financial burdens of wire worms. It is impossible for me will the nation, The assets do not in- to say whether the wire worms the beans or not this year, how- elude any mortgages, while real estate ever, thorough tillage of the soil In other than Bank premises, and over - preparing the seed -bed will do a great duo debts, amount to only $443,236, or deal to drive them out, as will also less than 2-5 of one per cent, of the the application of 200 to 400 pounds of fertilizer per acre when seeding total assets. your beans. The late Prof. Smith The confidence of the public in the of New Jersey, who made a careful Merchants Bank of Canada was strik- study of the life histery of the wire ingly shown by the 27% increase in worm, strongly recommends fertilizers deposits, which have now reached a as a means of getting rid of the wire total of $92,102,071. Such an increase worm. The wire worm does not like fertilizer, and beside fertilizer gives is also an evidence of a healthy state of added strength to the young growing business, and of a general practice of crop and hence helps it to withstand thrift. light insect attacks. For your eon- This marked increase in the funds ditions, I would advise a fertilizer and the gradual. clearing of the fin - analyzing 1 to 2% ammonia, 8 to 12% ancial horizon, put the Bank in post - phosphoric acid and 1 to 2% potash. tion to extend its loaning and discount - This should be worked thoroughly into ing business by many millions, auto - the soil before you plant the beans, maticaily placing the earning power by scattering it on the surface of the of the Bank upon a much improved plowed land and harrowing it in plane. The profits for the year car - thoroughly or by drilling it in, if you ried forward consequently showed an have a grain drill with fertilizer dis- increase from $250,984 to $421,292, after providing for the usual divi- dends, the Government War Tax on note circulation, donations to Patriotic and Red Cross Funds, contributions to Officers' Pension Fund, and writing off $100,000 from Bank Premises account. 1' Vanlthdrweather effect i lion Dollar Institutions. This is all fd e y them any? The soil is a clay loam the more creditable since it has been with a heavy clay bottom. !accomplished without amalgamation Answer:—The wire worms which with or absorption of any other bank. effected your crops last year found' Notable among the assets are over pared. In viesof the fact that your grain lodged so badly, I would advise you to apply at least 200 pounds per acre of acid phosphate, which supplies phosphorus, the kind of plantfood that gives strength to the straw of the grain. This will give strength to the buckwheat vines and will plump the buckwheat kernels. Silver Hull buck- wheat is considered a good variety and requires about five pecks of seed per acre. Another good crop to use under the conditions you describe would. be rape. This can be sown broadcast in rows. Rape requires about five or six pounds of reed per acre if sown broadcast, and three pounds if sown in drill, Question—A,J.W.: We expect to nisei a silo 10x32 feet. Have six and a half acres, about half of this field is sand loam and the other half is clay loam. We plowed down a heavy June grass and timothy sod last year and it was partly covered with manure. We have covered it again this winter and want to plant it for silage. How should we drill the corn and how much seed per acre? Would it pay to use tributing attachment. Cultivation some commercial fertilizer; if so how much and what analysis would you re- commend? Answer:—In planting corn for sil- age, both drill and check -row systems are successfully used. The cheek - row system, which is really the hill system, allows of cultivating the corn ooth ways. If the land is not very weedy the drill systemis satisfactory, drilling .it in rows about 30 inches apart. In drills it requites about 10 quarts to the acre. • To make sure of the germination, you would do well to buy the seed on the ear and test the ears for germina- tion. This can be done by taking out six kernels from each ear, two from the tip, middle and butt, numbering the ear and placing the kernels on a square of blotting paper or cloth, num- bering the square the same number as the ear. Place the cloth in a pan or large phlite where you can keep it damp and warm, and inside of a week the kernels should have germinated sufficiently to tell you whether the ear is strong, weak or dead. Take the medium and strong ears and shell them out together and discard the ears that show very weak or dead kernels. It would surely pay you to fertilize your corn. For this purpose I would recommend the use of 200 to 300 pounds per acre of a fertilizer and fertilizers are about the only things that you can do to combat the wire worm. I do not believe the dry weather has had very much effect on them. Question—R. W.:—We want to use commercial fertilizer on our bean land this year and we don't know just how much is best to put an per acre to get best results out of beans. Also, which would be best, -to sow fertilizer broad- cast or in the hill with beans? Our land is practically clay land. Answer:—For fertilizing beans on clay soil, I would advise the use of from 200 to 600 pounds per acre of fertilizer analyzing 2 to 3% ammonia, 8 to 10%phosphoric acid and 1 to 2%n potash., This should be worked thor- oughly into the soil when you are pre- paring the seed -bed at least a week to ten days previous to planting. It can be spread with a lime spreader or if you have a grain drill with fertilizer drilling attachment, it is well to apply it that way. The important point is to see that the fertilizer is evenly dis- tributed and thoroughly worked into the soil. It is rich available plant - food if it is worked into the soil where it can dissolve so that the plants can make use of it. It is not best practice to drill the fertilizer in with the beans. Broadcasting has been found to give best results. Fifty -Fifty. Passing a hand over his forehead, the worried drill -sergeant paused for breath as he surveyed the knock-kneed recruit. Then he pointed a scornful finger. "No," he declared, "you're hopeless. `You'll. never make a soldier. Look at you now. The top 'alf of -your legs is standin' to attention, an' the bottom 'alf is standin' at easel" Test theseed coal before -planting. There are believed to be more hunch -backs in Spain than in any oth- er country. The British Director -General of National Service is appealing for 10,- 000 women to come forward at once to train for week on the land in the United Kingdom. The nmber re- quired includes 5,000 to be taught milking and dairy work, and 5,000 to train as general farm workers. During the year the General Manager, Mr, E. P Iiebdon was ad- vanced to the 8os(tlon a! .Managing Director, while the Montreal Manager, Mr, 1), 0. Macarow, wee. appointed General Manager. In speaking of the annual statement, the latter referred with pardonable pride, to the fact that of 874 mala Members of the staff .of military Lige at the beginning of the war, 520, or 59%, had enlisted and gone overseas. fie di? Breed the best to the best. Raise the calves; quit eating veal, Typo is not the real test of a cow's value. The acmes and tester are bets ter indications, Keep all calf pails, and the uten- sils with which milk comes in con- tact, serupulously clean. Soald them with hot water and then expose them to the sun' during the day. To make a real euceeas at the fall glows, begin now to care for the pro- spective entries. It is no honor to win on an untrained, poorly fitted animal just because competition is lacking. Make your entry worthy of the red ribbon if it is the only one in its class, One farmer says that with silage and clover and alfalfa hay he had been able to bring a large herd of dairy cows through the winter in good couditicn, with fairly heavy produc- tion and without much grain. Where chronic dysentery is present in a dairy herd, try washing the cows' udders with a two per cent, solution of coal -tar disinfectant before allowing the calves to suck. Evey heifer calf killed means one less cow-. Without any restriction, the sale of calves and cows for mea': can proceed so far that there will be a serious shortage of cattle, Already, good .cows never were so scarce and high. Any falling off in the production of live stock will be noticeable in grain farming. Without plenty of stock, soil fertility is difficult to -maintain ar_d high- prices for foodstuffs coming from the soil are more likely. It is apparent that something must be done to keep -the productive animals on the farm. keg As long as the teeth of a sheep are strong='and in good working order, it is reasonably safe to keep her. The safety of the 'flock may be greatly insured by calling up the sheep every night and shutting them into a tight fold. They soon get the habit and are also more docile the year around. A flock- 0* :.heap can not be made too tame. A wild flock is of less value and makes loss growth and shorter fleeces than a quiet one. Unless you intend to keep the•lan-d s for home use, let the bucks go the min- ute they are big enough. More money in them now than there will be after a while. THIS IS SPRAYING TIME Methods of Combating the Enemies of Plant Life in the Garden As soon as potatoes are well up they should be sprayed. The little flea beetle begins operations as soon as the plants are four or five inches high and so do the potato bugs. Whether or not potatoes have been grown in the vicinity before, the bugs are sure to be on hand early in the season and crops can only be protect- ed by spraying. Then, too, blight must be checked by a spraying every ten days or two weeks. Cover the plants thoroughly with the spray, the upper and lower surfaces of the foli- age. •Vitrio is a good preparation to use for this purpose or arsenate of lead and bordeau may be used. If vitrio is used ten pounds should be mixed with fifty :gallons of water. For asparagus, beans, other garden vegetables, small fruits and rose bushes, one pound of vitrio dissolved in five gallons of water will produce the desired results. Place the required amount of paste ni a pail and add cold water gradually, slowly stirring until sufficient water has been added to produce a smooth milklike liquid. Pour this mixture. through a fine wire strainer into the spray tank, which has previously been filed three-fourths full of clean water. Cucumbers and melons should be sprayed every ten days. Tomato plants' should be sprayed as soon as set out and occasionally as required. SA1 1oM, PANSY'S HUBB4 I5OL r IN `Thee 'ACK YARD -WHY DoN'TNov Give NIM A QUARY1R AND Ga-(' Him TO NgLp You L{Fr -'NAT 50)( oirr OF THE.'ASBMENT'� `MAT'S A 6'00D NUNCIi, 1'LL DO THAT PAN.Y, WHIeRe IS -MAT MAN t7P \OURS ? o e (tma'ucled4yI'hmIfeeer 4.7.w Mothere and daughter. of ell ager aro cordially Invited to write to this depanswerartmenas t s Initlalemeans only ofIdentlwillflb catlohpubll,ehod with each qt estion and It! but full name and address musk bo glveee In each letter. Write on one aide of paper only. Anawors wilt .bs lnalled dlroct If stamped and addressed envelope 1e enclosed, Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law 294 Woodbine Ave., Toronto L, T,: --For household use, the most put in the water to set the color. 5, effective and least - dangerous of fly It is said that the juice of an onion poisons ie theone-to-five per cent. soli- will remove scorch marks from sills, tion of formaldehyde, To pint of 6, An invitation to a church 'wedding water add three teaspoonfuls of corn- need not be ecknowlpdged unless an in- melcial formaldehyde. It is not ex- vitatlon to the breakfast:Cr reception pensive, and can be bought at any is included. Wedding silver, linen, drug store, Take one or more thin and all gifts intended for the bride table tumblers and fill each one of should be marked with the initials of them half full, or more, of the solu- the bride's maiden name. Con. cut a piece of blotting paper Mrs. T,:-1, To clean a greasy cars. Into circular form, slightly smaller pet, mix together whiting and corn than an ordinary saucer. Place the meal, heat it and sift it thickly over blotting paper in the saucer and then the carpet; then cover with gasoline invert the saucer over the tumbler; and rub hard until the gasoline eva- next, holding the hand on top of the tumbler and the saucer, quickly invert them. Then place a match under the edge of the tumbler. That will break the air seal and allow the fluid to per- colate slowly into the blotting paper, and to keep it moist, so that the flies can drink from it. This solution at- tracts flies, and usually kill them with- in two or three minutes. "Reader": -1. When a person re- marks, "I am very gladl have met you, Miss B—," after having been introduc- ed to you, respond by saying, "I am sure the pleasure is mutual"; or, "I am glad to know you," There is no set phrase for such occasions. 2. To remove tar, apply turpentine or kero- sene, followed by soap and water. 3. Almond meal is an excellent substitute for soap for use on the face. 4. To destroy roaches, dip slices of potato in arsenic mixed with sugar. Gather up every morning and drop into boil- ing water, as some of the insects may still be alive. But never allow poi- son to lie around if there are children in the' house. Paris greed. is anoth- er remedy, and pulverized borax- is good, "Subscriber": -1. The word "Argen- tine" means "silvered," and' is as- sociated with the Plata River because "plata" means "silver" in the Spanish longus: Thus the name given to the great South American country took another form to describe the land through which the Plata flows. 2. Mercury is the planet nearest to the sun. 3. A panama hat inay be clean- ed by scrubbing with cormeal and wa- ter. 4. Red -bordered towels and naphins will not fade if a little borax Young celery plants should be spray- ed in the seed bed and at intervals of ten days with a mixture of ten pounds of vitrio to fifty gallons of water. Arsenate of; lead spray should be used for codling moth, caterpillars, flea beetles, browntail moth, gypsy moth, cucumber beetle and currant worm and curculio. If paste is used three pounds to fifty. gallons of water should be used for codling moth and curculio. For canker worms, cater- pillars, cranberry insects and leaf eating insects in general use four pounds to fifty gallons of water as soon as the insects appear. Repeat on later broods if needed. Arsenate of lead is deadly to human beings and must be used with care. .Fruit and vegetables that have been sprayed must be thoroughly washed before they are used. For cabbage lice take a lump of salt- peter, the size Of an" egg, and put in a sprinkler of water. Sprinkle the cab- bage once or twice and there will be no more lice on them . , • Bordeau mixture is a fungicide and a plant stimulant also, preventing blights and rusts during the growing season. During the growing season toma- toes, celery, asparagus, small fruits, beans, etc„ will be benefited•by spray. ,ing with Bordeau mixture. • porates. Sweep clean and wipe with a damp cloth. This should only be for I can thiaik of nothing more un- done in the open, es the danger of fire eomfortlible than a mosquito netting dragged over 0 sweaty baby's face. The fact that mosquitoes, flies, roaches and other inserts are carriers of tub- erecllosis, typhoid fever, cholera, yet- -- low fever, malaria and possibly infan- tile paralysis, as well as a host of minor ailments, should make us the more anxious for either their extey- mination or the protection of our chil- dren from their greedy bites and stings, I ROTECTING DAISY FROM SMALL kluR'r$. Far greeter harm Is often done the akin by the subsequent scratching of the insect bite with the dirty finger- nails than by the bite itself; and so It is important that we remember quick- ly to apply ammonia water or came Plum, ' Almost bninodiately the itch- ing is stopped, and the added "scratch- ing" irritation to the already injured skin is thus avoided, By the aid of a magnifying glass, and often by the naked eye, wo may detect the stinger which has been left behind by the greedy guest. It is readily removed with a pair of tvleez. era, Ice water compresses will stop the swelling. Whenever baby is .out of doors he should be _properly protected by Stretching mosquito netting over a frame eighteen inches above his face, from gasoline is very great. Be careful also in rubbing when the gaso- line has been applied. If it is not possible to do the work in the open, use only the powder, allowing it to stand for several days, then remove and repeat the treatment until the grease has disappeared. 2, The red paint marks may be removed from your dark blue wool -suit by rubbing the spots with alcohol. "Lill": -1. No matter how careful one is when sewing, often an oil spot gets on a dress while making, if the machine has recently been oiled. AS your fabric is silk, cover it thickly with powdered starch and leave for twenty-four hours. After the starch Dog and Snake Bites. Dogs, cats, rats or mice bite at any time of the year, and provision should always be made for ample protection against such accidents. Such a wound should always be squeezed or sucked until it has bled has been brushed off the stain Valli not freely, and then be cauterized by a bo noticeable. Mrs. D. P.:-1. There is nothing that will take the taste of leeks from cream or butter. The best way is not to allow the cows to 'raze in weedy places. It is an argument in favor of cleaning up all the weeds on the farm, isn't it? 2. A good style of dress for a' two-year-old boy is dark colored knickerbockers buttoned to a white or light -blue waist with large Peale buttons. Sailor suits of white cotton with navy-blue collar, cuffs and tie are also suitable. They may be had readymade for $1.50 at the large tf and red -loot iron or touched with an ap- plicator that has beep dipped in sul- phuric acid. A subsequent dressing of Balsum Peru is healing. In the case of snake bites the 'same sucking and cauterizing treatment ie indicated, with the additional tying of a handkerchief or cord a few inches above the wound to stay the pro- gress of the blood and to keep the poison out of the general circulation. A solution of 20 per cent. perman- ganate of potash should be used to wash the wound. department a ores, in sizes or one The popular administration of large a half years and upward. 3. There draughts of whisky is of no benefit, are two styles of hair -cut fpr little for' the-ee ndary depressant effect of boys; one being the close. shave which alcohol 'increases the body's poison the older boys favor and the other the burden, and those who survive do so Buster Brown or Dutch cut. in spite of the whisky, and not because of it. A good pasture is a pig's paradise. The man who buys the stuff he feeds his hogs has only the feeder's profit. By growing the feed he has the grow- er's profit, too. If the corn drowns out, sew some rape for the hogs, Forage helps to put the gains on hogs at the lowest cost. Put the self -feeder where the pigs can help themselves. Let them - do the work until marketing time. Pigs may be more important than pedigrees, but it ip a wise 'practise- to look after both in a pure-bred herd. A pedigree is valuable at selling time. Castrate the,male pigs before they are weaned, •when'they are about six or eight weelcs old. Choose a clear dry flay for the work. All whey from cheese factories and butter mills from creameries should be pasteurized before feeding to hogs. A mixture recommended for hog - pasture is barley and rape, the hogs to be turned on when the barley is starting to shoot. 1f not overdone, the barley will keep the herd going tin odd heads began to ripen, thentheed by ,the thumb and finger. .If it; grain and rape make a good ration cannot be reached and it will not go until after frost arrives. down, if possible lose no time in seele- Hogs on pasture require grain for ing an X-ray laboratory, where its ee- greatest profits in poria production, act location may quickly be discovered but a full feed is not economical •rvhen and proper measures instituted for its pasture is plentiful and grain high immediate removal. priced, Swallowing Little Things. Small bodies such as buttons, safe- typins, thimbles, coins, etc., are often swallowed by little folks,and if they lodge in the throat and the child strug- gles for his breath the treatment is as follows: Grasp him by the heels and turn him upside down,while a helper briskly slaps him on the back. • The foreign body generally flies across the room. If it is lodged high up in the throat it may often be dislodg- A troublesome •oublesome fish hone is easily dislodged by swallowing a half-chewsd piece of bread, which carries it down • Long-legged drafts are not what the to the stomach. Cathartics and pur- market demands. Don't breed that gatives are not to be given; in due characteristic into the young animals, time the object will appear in the stool. Select a low -set sire. In all instances it is well to locate its et location by the X -ray ---that there Bruises of the heel will be indicated by lameness, tenderness upon pressure of the quarter of the sole, usually the inside. In severe cases where pus is forming there will be tenderness ex- pressed when the heel is pressed. Remove shoe, pare the sole of the quarter well down to expose the corn and allow escape of pus if there be any, apply hot poultices until soreness disappears, then get shod with a leath- er sole between shoe and hoof and no pressure upon the quarter of the wall. When breeding the mares, bear in mind that it pays to have ono breed in a community. The greatest progress in breeding is possible where farmers cooperate to produce the best of one breed. Neither mare nor foal is bettered when_,the colt follows the cultivator. Keep the colt penned in a roomy, well - lighted and ventilated box stall. Do not keep them apart for a half day the first time', Let the mare rest several weeks exa after foaling. Start gradually when may be assurance it will do no harm. THE GAME OF PALL-MALL: Both Croquet and Billiards Had Origin in This Pastime. Five hundred years or'more ago the young people of France had a game that they called paillc-maille. In the • Condition in a horse is manifested time of Charles I, or perhaps a little by keenness for. work, brightness of earlier, the young people of. England eye and bloom of coat. A horse is took up. the game and called it pall - capable of his greatest effort only mall—which they pronounced "liell- when in condition.' melt." It has not been played in re - Before letting the colt to the mato cent years, but it was the beginning at mealtime, partly milk -out the udder. both of the game of croquet and of the game of billiards, The players used Iii hot weather let the mare rest and a large wooden ball, a wicket or iron cool off a few minutes before the colt arch and a mallet or heavy bat, Tho sucks. object of: the game was to drive the Colic often results from working a ball through the Wicl.et and hit a horse immediately after Feeding. Al stake or other mark beyond it, low plenty of time at noon. Sometimes, however, the ball was seaeeeeee.seeaserteeeresesereseaseseeseesseeee_seplaced at a long distance from the wicket, even several• hundred yards, and the contest took the form of see- ing which player coulcl drive the hall through .the wicket with the fewest strokes, or whether any player could drive it through in 0 Certain number of strokes agreed on in advance. In London the game became very popir- 'ler in the seventeenth century, i end one - of tli best-known ,alleys, that of St. Janice,. Wee eight hundred yards ' . long, [roil made of hil:rd sand• "rlressed' with powdered -cockleshells." putting her to work again. After feeding and brushing the horses, turn them out in the pasture to rest for the night. Disinfecting the stables with coal - tar dips will go,a long way toward Protecting the horses from flies. Clean the stables every day in hot weather. you LI- FIND Nis LAT,), '130N'a6 on IN De. YARD t)N D7=4d PAT B16 TRRR Hg. -1 W4kf,e. UP 19 DQ `IOU WAND 710. VARhl A QUA CER.? An Appeal to Calipers. The' Canadian. Forestry Aoeaiiation is endeavoring to secure the co-opera- tion of Canndian fishermen, hunters and campers. ha making a .rprcial effort to adopt fire 'prevention ihi: year no one of their personal contributions to national thrift, IIame-grown fruit is cheaper than' any ether, A small gatclan may be. made to yield a great Variety,