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The Seaforth News, 1917-05-03, Page 3• f iq arm lien:es\ il,"�i'�iu�Lfd'� l+Y�velacr;�w'�,x-�wrt+ra� t Oti • �,1(� i71�1��'����fl� 'V S , � 1D'')��il,•I � lll�i�Y'?n� .� •. Condtletcd by Professor Henry G. Bell. The object of this department Is to place at the service of our farm readers the advice of an aoknowl. edgedcrops, authority on all subjects to 8o118 and Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To- ronto, and answers wilt appear In this column In the order In which they are received. As space Is limited It Is advlsable where Immediate reply is necessarythat a stamped and addressed envelopebe enclose a dee d env op d with the question, When the answer will be mailed direct. Qneslaon.—.G, 1,. I,,:—(1) I would weather is rather hot and the walls co to learn a little about pit silos, I have dried out considerably, it would think they have a great many advent- be best to sprinkle them, so that they ages and would like to try one. State will be moist when the cement is put how the gas trouble is overcome, and on, As it is desirable to have this !low the digging and plastering are cement three-quarters of an inch to done one inch thick on the walls it would perhaps require three coats to do this, as not more than one-quarter of an inch can bo put on at a time after the first coat, After the first coat has been put on, it will probably bo pos- sible to follow with the second coat, since the first sets rapidly, but the second coat will require time to set. (2) There are two ways of getting rid of the moisture in the bottom of the pit silo. The first is to run a pipe from the bottom of the silo up to the ground level, and have it connected with a small pump. If moisture gathers in the bottom of the silo it can be pumped out at intervals. The second means of procuring good drain- age is to arrange for a small drain pipe to run from the lowest point in the pit silo and connect with some out- side drama. Before it is time to put the silage in, open this drain pipe and allow the water to drain out. After the silo is thoroughly drained close the pipe by driving a close fitting plug in the end of it. This will prevent the entrance of air. (8) The hoist which was erected for getting out the dirt when building the silo can be used for taking out silage. A box with a capacity of about 10 bushels of silage is sometimes used. This box is provided with two 8 -inch wheels under one end, and the other end has handles, so that it is possible to use this in the salve way that a wheelbarrow is used. After the silage is used down to some distance, a horse or a gasoline tngine can be used as a source of power to rm. this hoist. �lurrit'6't^ 1 , L,b i 4 t.4:• uiMrt:. Henry G. 13e11, .(2) Have we not been cautioned to provide drainage for the inside of the silo to prevent actual accumulation of liquid, How can this be done in a water -tight pit? (8) Is there any simple way of re- moving the silage from a pit silo. Answer:—(1) Lowering a light into the silo will soon discover. the pres- ence of gas, since if it is present the light will go out immediately. The gas is heavier than air; hence, if you throw in a couple of feet bf coarse blocks or rocks there will be room for the gas to settle at the bottom of the silo and not ocdupy the voltune where the silage rests. As to the digging and plastering, in digging a pit silo the dirt can be throw out to a depth of six or eight feet, but it is bust to throw it out to a depth of about five feet and then true up and plaster the walls, Otherwise it will be necessary to build a scaffolding inside the silo. Care should be taken not to dig out too far, so that there will be holes or uneven places in the walls of the silo. It is best to leave three or four inches at east to be re- moved when the walls are finally trued. After you have excavated .•bout five c_ six feet and have the walls trued, they should be plastered with a good cement mortar. The first coat can be put on about a half an inch thick, and should be made of one part cement and three parts clean sand, and plastered right on the dirt walls. If the all In poultry raising the farmer has all advantage over others in the wide range he can give his f owls. The hen may be a machine, but few of us ever learn how to run it right. Never hold duck eggs long. They depreciate in quality more rapidly than hens' eggs. One. nice thing about brooders is that you can put two in one house and they won't fight. Early chicks will not thrive in a cold, open coop; it is an impossibility, so do not experiment any further with it. The second brood of goslings usually need more care and more feed than the first ones, as the grass is apt to be so tough by the tilnd they are hatched that is is hard for them to bite it off, Goslings do not need feed until they are 24 to 36 hours old, when they ehould be fed any of the mashes re- commended for chickens or ducklings, or a mash or dough of two-thirds shorts (middlings) and one-third corn- meal, which can be made equal parts shorts and cornmeal, and live per cent. of beef scrap added after six weeks, A humid atmosphere in the egg chamber of the incubator is one of the first essentials to the hatching of strong, healthy chickens. After the breeding season is over, roosters are worse than a useless en- cumbrance. They are a positive in- jury to the quality of the eggs. Chicks should be left in incubators for 48 hours after hatching. You cannot expect clean eggs °rem unclean nests; and clean eggs bring a premium. Clean drinking water and plenty of it is one of the prime essentials to success in poultry. The artificial incubation of eggs dates back to the early Egyptians, who used ovens heated with ferment- ing manure. Eggs all of one color are preferred to those of mixed colors. Uniform- ity in size is also a matter of import- ance in marketing. The symptoms of ring -bone are gen- erally irregular lameness followed by constant lameness with a bony en- largement, partially or completely sur- rounding the coronet nr pastern. The best treatment is rest, then blister with 2 drams each of biniodicle of mercury and cantharides mixed with 2 ounces vaseline, repeat in about two weeks, If this fails to cure have joint fired and blistered. As the heavy spring work comes on, the work teams should be fed and car- ed for in the most careful way, To increase the efficiency of the farm team means dollars in the pocket of the farmer. The best way to feed for efficiency is to cut the hay, sprinkle it with wa- ter and mix the ground grain ration with it. This ration is to be fed in the morn- ing; at noon, feed whole grain; at night, give the cut hay and ground ra- tion, and a little long, hay in the mange ere for the horses to pick at if they want it. The hay canoe sopkedfrom one feed- ing to the next If desired. For old horses this is a good plan. Docking or cutting off the tails of horses is a cruelty that lasts through life. They can never, after this cruel operation, brush off the flies and mos- quitoes'chat make their life every sum- mer a torment, At Dominion Experiment Farms the cost of feeding colts rising one year old was found to average 10.6 vas per day, for colts coming two years old 9.38 cents., and for coning three -year-olds 6,08 cents. The total cost up to three years old was $71.96. "If we dwell on life's hindrances, we may be blind to its possibilities." Get out of doors. People who live much in the open live longer and snore healthfully and more brightly, all other thing's equal. The season is Isere when most of us env he out al' doors much of our spare time, 0 '..111,10 abr. ' Cows that freshened last fall end are prodacing a pound of butter fat a day in Spring aro doing well, The ideal milk supply 18 ono de- rived from healthy animals cared for by members of the family au.pplied. Tinder such conditions the methods of production and handling as wall us the age of the milk aro known, the milk is not handled by successive individ- uals who may contaminate it c,1(1 it is safe from either the addition or sub- straction of various materials. How- ever, such a supply is generally im- possible under present day conditions particularly in cities and towns and the trade in milk is now about tut com- plex as the trade in many other lines. Skim -milk has all the protein of the new milk, the muscle and tissue build - e1'. Supply the fat with flaxseed jolly, at a lass coat than the cream in new milk. The calves will begin to eat bright clover hay at two weeks of age. Give them little bright ,losses of clover hay every day. Give them what they will eat clean. The strainer has never been made that would take a bad smell out of milk, Keep it out by marching to the door with your pailful as soon as you get it. That's the only sure way. ° A bleating calf within sound of the mother will worry more milk out of her than you can feed in. If you pos- sibly can, put the calf so far away that thy. bow won't hear it. If you can't, snake that calf so comfortable that it will not be bawling all the time. Camphor on Formosa. The camphor production of tho island of Formosa is one of Japan's monopolies. The present area of camphor afforestation is 10,660 acres, and some of the trees are said to be from 600 to 1000 years old. During the next few years the area will prob- ably be greatly extended. If sows are fat whenpigs are far- rowed keep down the grain ration for the first two weeks. If kept right, hogs aro not apt to have much the matter with them, Good feed, a dry, warm pace to stay, and a lend master, and yet may leave the hog medicine down at the store.. There is not so much call for very fat pork as there was a few years ago, Sensible, too. The streak of lean ought to he a good thiels ono, Iiow much does it cost you to get a pound of pork? figure on that a little; it will pay. Not one farmer out of ti thousand ever puts his hog on the sealer until after he has ceased to be rt hog and beconlos cold pork. That Is why so few really know how much It coats to make pork. But it would pay io weigh or measure feed and let the scales set you right on matter., of met of production. • • he&tz'° , „fid 6 e Iambs If they are kept growing from the start. Oats and wheat bran will keep them growing fast. ICeep the ewes up to full milk flow by good feeding. Arrange the lamb creep where the !scabs can go fm extra feed, Coax them to oat all they will as early as possible, A small quantity only should be put in the trough so they will eat it up clean. Beep it replenished, A little watchful care will enable the flocklnaster to keep a fresh supply of grain in the trough. Separate the ewes and their lambs from the main flock. A hurdle can be need for this purpose, The ewes with lambs should be fed stronger than the ewes that have not yet had their lambs, • Way of the Great. Great man do much for others and take 1t out in posthumous fame. CONTROLLING POTATO DISEASES The Exercise of a Little Care Will Prevent Enormous Losses From Scab and Blight—Simple Preventative Measures. By Henry G. 13e11, Agronomist. There are two grave periods in the; and costs so little that no one can ail - life of the potato crop from the disease ! ford not to dip the potatoes. control standpoint. This first is be -1 g fore the crop is planted; the second; Bli ht. is about the time the plants are mak-I Potatoes in many sections also suf- ing a good growth and extends up un- fer from both early and late blight, til maturity, - Enormous losses are I which frequently trills the vines and suffered by the potato growers, all of , causes the tubers to rot. These dis- which are easily avoided by the ex- eases very frequently cause heavy excising of a little care and time. It: losses but they can be controlled by is so easy to treat all potato seeds that I spraying with Bordeaux mixture. It most men fail to do it properly be- requires, however, that the spraying cause the method looks so simple. I be started early. The first spraying. Potato scab, for instance, is very should be done when the plants are 0 widely distributed. It may easily be! to 8 inches high. Spraying must be controlled by using the formalin used as a precautionary or insurance method or the corrosive sublimate measure. If it is not begun until treatment. Formalin may be pure i after the blight has attacked the crop chased at any drug store and should only partial control can be expected, be used et the rate of one pint of In ;nixing up the Bordeaux mixture_ formalin to 30 gallons of water. Place use four pounds of copper sulphate the potatoes in a gunny sack and soak (blue vitrol) and four pounds of stone in the formalin solution for two !tours, lime to 50 gallons of water. In mix - then spread the seed out on the floor mg up the solution the copper sulphate to dry before cutting. All sacks, ma- should be dissolved in hot water and ehinery, baskets, knives and whatever enough water added to matte 25 gal, else touches the seed should always be ions, to the same way the lime disinfected. should be dissolved separately in a however, I prefer the corrosive sub- small quantity of water and enough limate treatment, as this not only con- added to make up 25 gallons. This trots scab but also controls the disease diluted lime solution should be strain- commonly called Rhizoctonia, which ed through cheese cloth ora fine wire , has become quite prevalent in many strainer after which the two solutions potato growing sections. This treat- should be mixed together by pouring ment is quite simple and inexpensive. into a large barrel or tank the spray. Four ounces of corrosive sublimate, For best results it le a good idea to• (which can be purchased at any drug have a half barrel in which to mix the store) should be dissolved in two gal- lime solutions and another for mixing lone of hot water, after which enough the copper sulphate. The mixture water should be added to bring the should be thoroughly stirred or agitet- nlixture up to 30 gallons. This moa- ed while being sprayed, The Bordeaux terial should be placed in wooden cos- solution should be used as soon -as sole as it will destroy iron or tin. Low- made. It, depreciates very rapidly er the potatoes into the vessel before when standing for any length of time. c)ytting and allow them to remain for Great ,care should be used in applying one and one-half hours. This mix the spray so as to thoroughly cover the tare shookd only be used four times leaves, both on top and Oil the under after which it should be thrown away side. This may be accomplished by and a new lot made up. It may ba having a sprayer with three nozzles, advisable to gradually lengthen the aro suspended over the top of the row time that each lot remains in the mix- ture, after the first. Corrossive sub- limate in a poison and should not be placed where children or animals can get hold of it or drink the mixture. to 3 pounds or Arsenate of Lead to the 'The latter 4'eatment will •absolutely Bordeaux solution and both applied at control potato scab and Rhizoctonia the same time. JPI'abIefz2 "" Qm4e4ecl,4Y i. ed;. 'efeia,Aur, Mothers and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to write to this department, Initials only will he published with each question and Its answer as a means of identification, but full name and address must be given In each letter. Write on ene side of paper only. Answers will be malted direct If stamped and addressed envelope le enclosed. Address all correspondence for thle department to Mrs, Helen L,aW, 285 Woodbine Ave., Toronto, • _Gardening le of the greater benefit to children. .Not only is the worts healthful for the body, •but it is a reel character builder and manta trainer. !here is hardly one of the moral victors welch is not inculcates by gardening, We learn faith as we plant the tiny seeds in the eonildence that Godwill give the increase; we kern that we must do our share when we water, prune and weed; we see the advantage of generosity as we note that the more we cut the flowers the more richly they bloom; we 'learn patience and perseverance in working for a harvest that is worth while, Then, too, the study of the planta' growth teaches us the great secrets of life, while the artietic sellae is awak- ened and trained by ob: ervation -of the lines, colors and forms of vegetation, Another advantage of gardening Is the sense of responsibility which it en- genders, together with the jay of achievement, for the child, feeling that even the tiniest bed is its very own to he tilled and planted and cherished, takes a special pride and pleasure in the toil. That reminds. up that grown- ups are not playing fair when they let the little farmer fret and plan and work, and then calmly gather the re- sults of his labor without even the courtesy of asking perniseion, much less offering any thanks or compensa- tion. E. R, 5,: --The moral value of clean sport is admitted by ever._y one who has had anything to do with training boys. There is no cleaner sport than tennis, It puts a pla3'er on his honor. Its etiquette requires that the oppon- ent should always have the benefit of the doubt. For the boy you mention it would be especially valuable: Tennis, I am told, has developed one little fel- tllow into a crack player who has the eon'age to lose a match rather than lose his respect for himaelf by acaept- 1; big a mistaken decision of the umpire, iA, J. B.:—The Boston fern, like all of its tribe, should not get too much Brun, but plenty of light. The secret of fern 8000058 is in watering. Do not Water from the top, but put the pot in a basin or tub of water reaching huff way un over night. Du this twice a week. Also wash tha leaves off weekly with a little weak soap wa- ter. J. Ih L : --A wry 1 of oven is usually required for pastry. '1'o test it place a spoo;,ful of flour in the oven. This should brown in one minute's time. M, D.: —1, Long hot baths are de- pleting. Hot baths for tonic effect should be short and always followed by a cold bath. A short hot bath lasting half a minute or a minute may be taken every morning without in- jury. The best time to take a sweat- ing bath le before retiring at night. In such cases the bath should be fol- lowed by a neutral bath at 92 to 95 degrees F. for fifteen minutes, 2. It is not harmful to eat fruit a half hour before breakfast if one likes it that way. The combinations you mention of acid and sweet fruits, such as oranges and stewed prunes or figs, are wholesome. 3. To pasteurize milk for a child it is not necesee y to boil it, but merely to heat it to tempera- ture of 142-145 degrees and keep it there for at least thirty minutes. If the milk is pasteurized in a bottle or other container which has been placed in a kettle of water, heat the water to 145-148 degrees, so that the mills will be at 142 degrees at least. Boiling temperature is 220 degrees. 4. A p.c'son is most susceptible to colds I when tired. PRINTE'RS' FUNNY BLUNDERS. The Word "Cocoanut" a Lasting Re- sult of a Typographical Error. The leaving out of a letter or a word in printing can change a sen- tence from the sublime to the ridicu- lous. "A battle -scarred veteran" came out in a certain paper as "a bat - ale -scared veteran" ---a vastly different thing—while a misprint usually attri- buted to the "Times" is "them asses" instead of "the masses." Bach handwriting once resulted in this sentence appearing in an Ameri- can paper: "Mr. --, a )lobby old burglar, prowling round in a naked state." It should have read: "Mr. ----, a noble old burgher, proudly lov- ing his native State." And a mistake which wee, perhaps, the fault of the stenographer rather than the printer, related to the pro- posal of a toast to the "Three -per- cent Consols" instead of "Three pre- sent Consuls." The most lancing result of a print - ere' error is found in the word "cocoa- nut," which people often think has something to do with cocoa. The orig-; ival worst was Coco -nut, from the Spanish word "coca," meaning "grin or grimace," a name bestowed upon the cocoeuut owing to its resemblance'. to the face of a monkey. When Dr. J ehneon was compiling iris famous clic- tionery he included the word recd -1 not," but the compositor inserted an 'a" instead of the 'hyphen, and the word appeared•lts "cocoanut," and has been written so ever since. • There is a story in connection with u certain paper which tells how it re-', Peered to two learned gentlemen as "bibulous old files" instead of "biblio - Miles." s." Next morning the editor re- ceived u very wrathful protest, In his correction and apology. however, he said sotnething about "the learned: gentlemen are too fastidious." To the editor's horror the printer again chis- tinguisherl himself, and the statement appeared "the learned gentlemen are; two fast idiots." • FROM SUNSET COAST WFIAT THE WESTERN PEOPLE ARE DOING. Progress of the Great West Told in a Few Pointed Paragraphs. The Grand Forks City Council has decided to grant free use of vacant lots in the town for gardening pur- poses. In the recent Dominion War Loan, which hay jest closed, C'hilliwark sub- scribed for bonds to the amount of $30,700." An amount not many thousands be- i low 51,400,000 was subscribed from Victoria to the third Dominion war loan of $160,00,000. H. Slotton, Dominio:n 1.isheries In - !specter, informs The Standard -Sen- tinel that ate informant was in error in the statement that Penitntan, B.C., Weir open for trout fishing April 1st. While in Victoria, Dr. A. R. Baker, of Vancouver, outlined the scope and intent of the amendments to the B. C", Dental Act which will be brought before the IIouse during its present 8eseion. April will see the ,olnlnencement' of two military schools of instruction in Victoria, according to announce- ment made in Di: trict Orders, . au- thorized by Cul. J. Duff Stuart, the D. O. C. Of the nine miners who were en- tombed in the Pueblo mine at White Horse. 13.C'., several days ago, three! have been rescued alive, but there is. no hope that any of the others are 1 still living. At Victoria, J, H. Doyle, of Creston, • has been appointed sheriff of Kooten- ay, in succession to the late S. P. Tuck. who died last September, Several black fox skins were .among j c a lot of furs purchased lately at' Quesnal by fur buyers. 5150 each , was paid for some of these skins. At Vancouver, word has been re- ceived of the death of Capt. Jasper . and one on each side, spraying both -- the side and beneath the leaves, The. "Potato Bug" may be controlled by Prohibition Persia. adding one pound of Paris Green or 2 There are no distilleries, breweries or public houses in Persia, and the ; A. Winslow, who succumbed to an men, and nearly six hundred years only intoxicating beverage used is{ attack of pneumonia in a French hos-' ago one of them, named Thomas the home -Horde wine. j pital. "Rhymer," Bprophesied: �,q,,, "eti.le what may betide . ' rte°! ninakeD 31:10cc):Furia.om cam' iblado How To Treat Earache, Look out for running ears during the sharp, windy days of spring and fall. Babies in their carriages or at play should have the ears amply pro- tected with the bonnet, the stockinet cap or ear protectors, Driving is splendid recreation, but the cool winds of spring, fall and even during the cool evenings of summer time have played much mischel' to ear catches and holds the cold air, the In rapid driving the outer tube of the ear catches and holds thee old air, the drum membrane becomes chilled and often trouble begizis in the middle ear, So wrap up the Years while driving rapidly in an open carriage. Running ears are always a second- ary disease, and they are usually pre- ceded by infections in the close or the upper throat just back of the nose. Out of 500 cases of running ears 150 originated during simple catarrh, 130 during measles, 100 during the teething period and seventy during scarlet fever. So you see it is exceedingly impor ta.nt that the nose and throat be kept clean by 111e511,) of a suitable oil spray which your family physician will give you when the children are sick, for the usual avenue of infection is through the Eustachian tube, -which connects the middle ear with the up- per part of the throat. Earache should never be brushed aside with the remark, "All children hive earache." Every case of ear- ache should receive immediate at- tention of a competent physician. Ear- ache• accompanied with fever may be a very serious trouble which may re- sult in a surgical operation. The usual isymptoms of such a se- rious instance are pain in the ear and fever. There are usually preceded by a running nose, slight congestion in the throat and temperature. After two or tires days baby be- comes restless and refuses to lie on one side, He nurses poorly and is generally irritable. Sometimes the temperature may he very high. After a week or ten days a discharge is found in the ear and baby begins to feel better. I do not want you in an effort to act promptly to drop hot oil or any- thing else in the ear that is not pre- scribed by a competent physician. The ear is an exceedingly delicate organ, and the only thing you may safele do is to apply external heat. You may use a hot water bottle or a bag of hot salt. If a running ear suddenly stops it is by no means a good symptom, hut if accompanied by fever or pain or even tenderness about the ear is a very grave one and if neglected fre- quently means rush to the hospital. The pity of it is that varying de- grees of deafness are the sequel of most ear affections. Most of the life- long silence that is endured by hun- dreds of deaf ones might have been avoided if running noses and running ears had received prompt attention. HOW HAIG WOOED. Case of Love at First Sight With a Charming Maid -of -Honor. If there is any truth in the old proverb "Happy the wooing that's not long adoing," Sir Douglas Haig and his wife aught to be very happy. Our brave general had done his wooing and married his lady -love- within a few weeks of their first meeting. It was a case of love at first sight. Haig's future wife, the Hon. Dorothy Vivian, was at that time a maid -of - honor to Queen Alexandra, and her twin sister, Violet, occupied the same position. The Queen took the great- est interest in them both. Dorothy happened to be on duty during the As- cotRace Meeting in 1905, and so the' man who is leading us to victory met lis fate, Sir Douglas Haig and his bride had the very special distinction of being married at the private chapel at Buckingham Palace, and Ring Edward and Queen Alexandra gave the wed - ling -breakfast. Sir Douglas Ilaig is known' n the Army as "Lucky Haig," and there is no firmer believer in Ms luck than his wife. He is a descendant of a Scottish clan noted for its fighting- Haig shall be Haig of Bemerlyde." The words of Thomas came true. The barony of Haig has descended from Haig to Haig for over six cen turie s. Lady Haig is quite as great a fav orite with Queen Mary as she is with the Queen -Mother, and whenever our. present Queen visits Aldershot Lady Haig is to be seen with her. There, are two little daughters by this roe mantic marriage 'nod they seem as keen war -workers as their gentle, un» obtrusive mother. Why He Laughed, They are telling the story in London taprooms of a German soldier who laughed uproariously all the time he was being flogged. When the officer. at the end, inquired the cause of the private's mirth, he broke into a fresh fit of laughter and cried: "Why, I'1n the wrong maul" ('VS 69EM IIoLDING A LIT'1'L>p QU'r or -MY PAY eNVBLQPI8 EACl4 Vital( Folz AWl4ILE NM, I'LL SME. NOW MUM 1W aoT� - 13l8LLTOM F1VE, 5IFl-EEM, �-CwENTY TEN, t ;Clew �� 1 1+IVe, `( FIr 7"e `TINHIY r, ck,3 h • `- i ( T teliy,. r . t art .1,, , it hit ' _ VsFil "Tia r I r x .,,..:dlrCirraw lig III , Haig shall be Haig of Bemerlyde." The words of Thomas came true. The barony of Haig has descended from Haig to Haig for over six cen turie s. Lady Haig is quite as great a fav orite with Queen Mary as she is with the Queen -Mother, and whenever our. present Queen visits Aldershot Lady Haig is to be seen with her. There, are two little daughters by this roe mantic marriage 'nod they seem as keen war -workers as their gentle, un» obtrusive mother. Why He Laughed, They are telling the story in London taprooms of a German soldier who laughed uproariously all the time he was being flogged. When the officer. at the end, inquired the cause of the private's mirth, he broke into a fresh fit of laughter and cried: "Why, I'1n the wrong maul"