The Seaforth News, 1925-06-18, Page 7PUTTING UP STRAWBERRIES
BY LUCILE A. DAY.
Strawberries keep their color; Do not try pouring the whole mass
flavor, and texture best when canned
with a large amount .of sugar, al-
though they may bo successfully ean-
ned'with a smaller amount or with no
sugar at all
After trying variou.; recipes I have
selected the best fol. my permanent
cook -book. Ihave found that straw
berries can be eucceesfuliy canned by
the open -kettle method. The fruit
must be in firet-c'eee first-c'condition, espe-
cially' when but little sugar is used.
Hot fruit must be canned in hot sterile
ized, airtight jars,and coal fruit: in'
cold sterilized jars. Wo ;have found•
the -pint jars best for a family of six
ere or less..
The. entire cooking process shouldi
be brisk. Time of cooking is from be-
ginning of actual boiling, From twelve
to fifteen minutes' cooking gives the':
best resuita. The best recipes call for
one pound of sugar to one pound of
berries. If- you have no scales, use
approximately two cupfuls of suger,to
three cupfuls of berries.
Broad, flat-bottomed cooking) uten-
sils of'granite or aluminum ware are
best for the purpose. Do not cook'
more than one -hall gallen of berries
at a time in one vessel; In older to
retain' their eolot, wash berries be-
foree,hulling. Store your fruit in a
dark place—cover each jar with a
paper bag, or: stogy the jars in the
boxes in which they are shipped.
1I1 Ri eitu /itTHE 11 CIPLs. My Favorite. Canned Strawberries:
Wash and bull berries and to each
pound of fruit add etre pound of sugar.
Let stand 15 minutes. - Then place
over the fire and boil briskly for 15
minutes '.Reroove and can at once in
hot sterilized air -tight jars. Canned
thus the berries will not rise to, the
top and there will be little surplus
juice, From a -crate of berries last
season I had left only one and one -
)calf pints of juice.
Strawberry" Preserves: To each
cupful of washed and hulled berries
add a scant cupful of sugar. Let stand
15 minutes, then place over the fire
and boil briskly for five minutes. Re-
move from fire and with a skimmer
ladle carefully lift otit all the berries.
""e -
into a colander to drain or the berries
will be Hopelessly trashed, Set juice
back aver fire and continue cooking
until it thickens. Carefully rehire the
berries to the jelly-like juice•and boil
up.fagain- for- froin,three to five min-
utes according to thequantity of
juice removed from the berries. E2 -
move from the fire and when entirely
cold put into cold sterilized jars and
coven with melted paraffin. IC'preper-
ly prepared these should be a jelly-
like mass and equal- (in flavor and
color) the famous., sun •preserved ir•-
ri'es which aro so much trouble to
prepare.
Strawberry Jain: Inferior berries
can be used in the jam, the larger and
better berries can be sorted out for
the preserves. Mash thoroughly and
washed and -hulled berries with a-:
wooden potato -masher. Totwo cup-
fuls of pulp add one cupful of sugar.
Set over the fire and boil briskly for
15 minutes. Pour while hot into hot
sterilized jars. If to be used for pies
er shortcake, even less sugar may be
used; for since the berries are so
thoroughly mashed, there is no banger
of their coming to the top.
Canned Strawberries with a small
amount of sugar are put up by this
method:` To two quarts of washed and
hulled berries add two cupfuls of
sugar. Set over the fire and boil brisk-
ly for ten minutes. Seal in hot steril-
ized jars. Caned thus the berries will
be evenly distributed in the juice and
are excellent:fer pies, shortcakes and
fruit salad.,
Canned Strawberries Without
Sugar: Wash and hull and put on to
cook without. any water except that
which clings from washing. After
reaching the boiling. point boil brisk-
ly for three minutes. Can inhot
eterblized jars. The juice will be sur-
prisingly thick, and color and flavor
good.
Left -over juices can be canned far
fruit drinke, or made into jelly by the
nose of the commercial pectin which
you can buy in any grocery store; or
rhubarb juice can be added in the -pro-
portion of one cupful to two cupfuls
of berry juice.
To Cure Ivy Poisoning.
This is ivy -poison season for both
Y,he barefoot country youngsters and
t e city cliff -dwellers who camp and
hike in the open. Victims of the pest
try the old-time remedies, one after
another, in their efforts to relieve the
painful irritation of ivy poisoning.
Experiments and tests of recent
dates throw much doubt on the value
of moat of these'olda"cares" which in-
clude lime, sulphur, hypo, blues'tane,
jewelweed, milkweed, plantain, mint
and grindelia.. A new remedy which
has given relief throdgh different
Mills is strong soap, hot water and a
stiff scrubbing -brush A cold-hearted
scientist says the value of most old-
time remedies is imaginary, and their
reputation is gained from the fact
that ivy poisoning ° runs its course,
heals, and the; remedy last used '
given credit 'for the cure,
"It is well established" he assetts,
"that the poisonous property of ivy is
anon -volatile oil which penetrates the
skin mrd the underlying tissues, pro-
ducing Intense irritation and much in-
flammation. Few peroons are entirely
immune to poison -ivy and yet com-
paratively few suffer severely from it.
The poison is contracted by contact
with the ivy or with other objects.
which have brushed through it, such
as - shoes or clothing, animals, tools
or sticks. There is little or.nb basis
for the belief that wind ear'tdes the
poisonous oil and the susceptible per-
sons contract poison by merely pass-
ing a clump of ivy.
"The best sure for ivy poisoning is
a very simple one and it is based on
the relation of the skin Irritation to
the oil poison.. The oil can not be re-
moved with ordinary soap and water,
but it can be washed off the skin by
thoroughly scrubbing, with very hot
water• and strong laundry soap. ;
"Even after. the irritation has start
ed'an•d the small pustules or blisters
have appeared (indicating penetra-'
lien of the oil into the skin) virtually'
fle.
the irritating oil can be removed
T', by scrubbing. The water should be
as hot as possible and the soap used
should be a strong laundry type con-'.
tailing considerable free alkali. A.
piece of pumice -stone or a stiff brush
is a valuable aid, and several wash-
ings should be given the infected
parts of the body:' '
"Susceptible persons will find that'
alter exposure to danger prompt and
thorough; acrubbing of all exposed
skin will'readilyremove the oil poison
'before i't'lras-had time. Co penetrate."
A -solution combining_ one teaspoon -i
fill
of salt and one pint of 'water is:
also recommended. . After ' exposure
wash hands and wrists thoroughly!
with -this solution. Throw this:Away,!
prepare the solution again and wash
the face, especially around .the eyes.!
There are skins so sensitive as lid be;
affected by contact with tomato plants,'
and the leaves of verbena, and rose -
geranium. Try the remedies suggest -i
odfor counteracting these poisons.
'he Ten Chief Points in
Canning.
The aim in home canning should be
a palatable product with a minimum
of spoilage. The following sugges-
tions are made to further this end:
1. Be sure the product to be can-
ned is fresh and free from spoilage.
"Two hours from' the garden to the
can" is a good slogan.
2. Wash carefully and thoroughly
to remove all traces of soil.
8. Pre-cooking shrinks the product
so the cans pack better. Get it into
the container as hot :is possible and
place immediately in the hot canner.
This decreases the 'time requited for
the material in the can to heat
through.
4. Either tin or 'glass containers
may be used successfully Glass con -
ms tainers heat -up more slowly, and
when these are used the time should
be increased. Unless filled boiling hot
and sealed immediately, tin cans
should be exhausted to remove -air.
5. Process fruits and acid vege-
tables, as tomatoes, or vegetables can-
ned with acid, as pickled beets, in a
voter -bath canner. An vessel hold-
ing sufficient water to toyer the tops
of the jars can be used ;for this. Count
time from when the water - starts to
bail,
6. Process the nonacid vegetables,
like peas, beams, corn and spinach, in
a pressure canner. When properly
used such a canner will pay for itself
in decreased spoilage and shorter time
of processing.
7. Use the pressure canner or cook-
er carefully. Be sure the safety valve
is kept wan. Do not close tite pet
coek until the air is completely ex-
hausted.Count time from when the
desired pressure is reached. Regulate
the. heat so that the pressure is kept
at this point.
8, Keep the canned iaterial under
observation at room temperature for
about a week in order to he sure that
it is keeping, then store.
9. Examine all canned goods care-
fully'before using. Discard any with
an off odor or appearance. Never
taste to determine whether spoiled
until the material has been boiled for
at least ten minutes.
10. Any spoiled material should be
disposed -of carefully, since it is harm-
ful to animals -as well as humans,
Wild Gardens.
I never owned a garden, a quaint
and lovely,garde?i,
With buds and blossoms giow:ng,
the ordered beds amid;
With hedges all wound it, the green-
est sheit'ring bed}
And maybe too, a sundial; l've often
wished I did.
But as awondrouc garden, a prim and
stately' garden; --
-
Is somehow quite denied me, and all'
the joys it yields,
I'm thankful that I'm sharing, tga.h.
other fo 1-, glad sharing
Tli•e colorful and gracious, wild go:• -
dens of the `fields.
_-Mix Thorn.
To be ' successful, a co-operative
organization requires the same busi-
ness ability that any successful bus --
&rbesiue ither \
G
186 -inch material for the complete cult.
Price 20 cents.
HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS.
GIRLS' BATHING SUIT.
Although the small miss pictured
here- may spend a goodly portion of
her time "building castles in the sand"
on the beach, which always come Top-
pling down in time for her to take a
swim, making it necessary that the
costume serve a dual purpose.- The
graceful model ,sketched provides the
right -amount of fulness for comfort
and is made of a lightweight jersey-
cloth. The bloomers are made separ-
ately and joined to a sleeveless waist
with back dosing, 'A number of at-
tractive -looking suits are made from
black sateen with bright -color trim-
ming -bands, or even a good quality
of gingham may be used. No. 1129 is
cut in sizes 8, 10, 12 and 14 years.
tees must have, plus some, special "Whcn preparing the cusliud11 :u w Y: locus C'•ate "Town cit 1totL7:i sent hi' nu SouL+lt African govern -
:mei
qualities of fortitude and patience eel -pies, adcl the sugar the last thin;, 1
G. t to look .:mei to Wembley. They are .the first orchestra from the dominions to visit
needed in tiro question of rower and the custard' is 'not se ap
9 K'. 1•Jigand.
relations. watery. • � -
Write sur name and address plain-
ly; giving number and size of such
patterns as you want. Enelose' 20c in
stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap,
it carefully)' for each number, and
address your order to Pattern Dept.,
Wilson Publishing Co,, 78 West Ade-
laide St., Toronto. Patterns sent by
return mail.
My Moiher's Hands.
My mother's._kiands are lovelier than
any ,hands I know,
Although they bear come sears and
cuts, I am still thinking so.
There may be'whiter -thin than theirs,
•' and fingers shaped more fine,
But of all hands on earth give me the
hands of mother mine!
They do for me what none would do
of all the hands on earth,
They soothe me in my sufferings and
guide me in -my mirth.
They've worked for me full many a
day, and many a lonely night;
They show me things that I should
see, yea;` all that's true and
right. •
They've taught me, ere I went to
school, how I must hold my pen;
And all the clothing that I tear, her
hands will mend again,
They do correct me -when I: make mis-
takes as children make;
They wash my things, they crub the
home, they cook, and sew, and
bake.
They tuck me in my bed at night in
such,e tender way!
They've taught me how to fold my,
hands, when we together pray.
What mother's hands do mean to me
can never half be told,
But this I knew, they're lovelier than
diamonds and gold!
—F. Steinmann.
NICOTINE DUSTS FOR KILLING BUGS
BY GRIT' McICAY.
Nicotine dusts for killing Striped
cucumber -beetles, potato -aphis, -melon-
aphis, cahbagt .aphis,, pea -aphis, on-
lon-thrips, etc., have come tole one of
the etandbys—no longer a novelty.
The nicotine dusts kill's insects in
this way: The fumes of the nicotine
enter the breathing pores of the in-
sect and paralyze the ncrvd°us system.
The dusts can be bought at most any
seed atone. Commit your seed catalog..
The dusts are more effective if they
are applied by using a duster that
has a sort of canvas cone on the noz-
zle. This cone keeps the fumes con-
fined,; keeps dust from blowing away
in windy weather, and puts the ante
right where they are wanted. Dusters
can be bought for using this new'wee-
pari of bug warfare. Last year we
showed a sketch of.a home-made dust-
ing device that can be used with cal-
cium cyanid or nicotine dusts, but it
Is not so satisfactory as a good duster.
One thing above all others is es-
sential in using nicotinedusts-use
only fresh material. The killing part
of the dusts is volatile, and if left la
open containers will soon 'become too
weak to ldll, It will keep in air -tight
cans. .
Some folks like to make their own
nicotine dusts, and it is not a hard
job. Here is how to do it:
Get a 50 -gallon berrel and on each
end attach flange unions into which
you can sorew pieces of one -inch gas -
pipe. These are the "axle," if you
Want to call them that. The barrel
is mounted on a stand Ince the old-
fashioned
ldfashioned churn stand, but the 'bar-
rel rests lengthwise instead of cross, -
wise like the old barrel churn.
A door is cut in the -face of the
barrel; it is hinged' To it can be open-
ed and closed. A handle is put on the
end of one piece of the gas -pipe.
Put 50 or 60 pebbles (One inch in
diameter) in the barrel, then put in
50 pounds of high-grade hydrated
lime, and on this pour two and one-
half pounds of 40 per cent, nicotine
s'ulph'ate. Close and fasten the door
and "churn" for five minutes. The
resulting powder will be a 2 per cent,
nicotine dust. It ehould be used,im-
mediately. T. get a 4. per cent, du's't,
use five pounds of the 40 per cent.
nicotine sulphate' for 60 peu'nde of
hydrated lime, and so on .for .other,
strengths.. Y.ou, can get the nicotine
sulphate from your seed store.
Cucumber -beetles i'sgeire a dust
having strength of 6 per cont.. Some
use 10 per cent, dust. On srnall et -
cumbers, one pound of dust will cover
from 200 to 300 hills. The melon -aphis,
which ; attacks melons, eijuashes, cu-
cumbers and.. cotton, feeding on the
under side of the leaves, requires from
10 to 20 pounds of dust to the ' dere,
The pea -aphis' is oneof. the hardest
pests to handle. Dusting should be-
gin as soon es the pests appear. Use
from 60 to '75 pounds of dust per acre.
From' one to three applications will be
needed
For use on peas, it is all right to
mix the nicotine dust in combination
with sulphur, thus fighting , mildew
and,; aphis at the same, time. Such a
mixture ehopild be about 70,per`cent.
finely ground sulphur and 80 per cent.
nicotine dust of the proper strength.
OPTIMISM DR
PESSIMISM
• 'Many of us often wonder if ono
should be optindstie or pessimistic re-
garding the future, It is true that
some are confirmed pessimists with-
out reason fine 'some may be confirm-
ed .optimists without reason. But we
cannot help' but feel that there is
every.. reason for optimism in the
trend of events.
Our chief reason for feeling that
the world is growing better is more of
a mechanical one than a spiritual one.
The mechanical developments of the
past few generations have wrought
great, changes in our lives. They have
eliminated drudgery and lightened
-labor but they. have done more than
that, They have helped us to come
into closer communication with each
other and thus have helped' nus to un-
doestand : each, other better.:
Our grandfathers saw he steam
boat and the railroad come, our
faehers the telephone and telegraph,
and we' the automobile, the radio, the
,movie and the 'airship. These all have
helped us to nia.ke greater use of time
and space' and thus haye made the
world larger for us. They have broad-
ened our minds and therefore our
viewpoints, and have helped to elinin.
In districts where beet army -worms ate blind prejudices, They have
attack peas, leada:eenate can be brought greater freedom ,and though
added to the nicotine dust. Thus mix- with thesenew freedoms evils have
tune' will be all right for cabbage, cone,' the evils will go and the good
where aphis and cabbage -warms are will stay when we adjust ourselves' to
troublesome, Thenicotinedust '.;ills the new liberties.
the aphis (which get nourishment We have a great hope for the fu-
from the plants by sucking) and the ture because we feel sure that these
lead arsenate poison the "cabbage- cold mechanical helps are enabling ue
warms, which eat the leaves of the to understand each.. other better and
cabbage plants, Remember, nicotine in such an understanding we will.
dusts are for insects with sucking gain a broader conception of what our
mouth parts; lead arsenate is for In. relations to each other should be.
seotsthat chew the plants; sulphur is
for fungous diseases. THE TRUTH IS INTERESTING.
Best results in dusting :are secured That much repeated saying that
if the weather le warm—say 75 deg. truth is stranger than fiction appeals
F.; warmer weather Is better still, to us. We venture that it may account
Start dusting in the morning as soon for the fact that so many persons in-
sist upon fiction rather than truth,
as the dew leaves the plants.
The Control of Potato
Just the Thing.
Insects.
Ma Fish.—"All right, I'll fix yeti Sprays or duals thoroughly applied
at the right time are effective.
For Potato Beetle Use: Calcium'
Most of the transatlantic liners are arsenate (afisenate of lime) 1ta
pounds to 40 gallons of water or
deaux mixture,
Or Paris Green, 1 to 2 pounds to
Tommy Fish—"I'm hungry, Mal
some bread and jelly fish."
captained by ex officers of the Royal
Navy.
Size 10 years requires 3% yards of
THE
TUE BLUE BOTTLE ELY
BY J. T. WOOD.
It was a warm summer evening, capered a sort of war -dance before
and little Charley, who had when Ilia the fly. If his pleasure was not,ofthe
bowl of bread and milk, was sitting highest type, it was reasonable. Ile
on the steps of the porch. A sweet had overcome an annoyance, and that
honeysuckle -
climbed over the trellis is something. His victory was blood -
on either alio, giving a graceful per- less, and that is swathing; and it
fume. was just, and that is Something more.
As he sat there, weary, thinking of And then he began to examine his
what he had done, and what he would captive.
like to do, a blue blue -bottle fly came It was note like, the housefly; it
buzzing about—touched his nose- didn't resemble the gad -fly, and could.
flew away—buzzed and buzzed, and have eaten a whole colony of midges
finally came back, and gnats and mosquitoes.'
"Confound the old, bottle!" cried Charley lifted the goblet to study it
Charley, vainly striking at it. "I more carefully. Away whizzed the
don't see:whet flies are good for. They
don't give any wool, or lay eggs, or
draw loads, and their meat isn't good
to eat, and nobody wants 'em in a
show 1
Here the bottle buzzed' p
H ort up and hit
Charley on the chin; then flew into
the vine.
While it was singing in and out of
the flowers, Charley suddenly found
fly, while Cherley was rubbing off the
tickle it"gave him alit went—away,
into all the space outside,,,,as merry
and as happy as though it had not
been a plague and torment for half
an hour.
Charley's mother laughed et her lit-
tle boys rage and sorrow, and threats
of vengeance; and quietly asked biro if
the old blue -bottle did not remind' him
himself far away from home.- of some of his own pranks on busy
Ile was transported into a great days, when he 'felt like teasing her,
forest, end all of the trees were heavy and did make a great deal : of
with oranges, peaches, grapes, straw- . "bother"?
berries, apples and melons, growing Charley went out and sat down on
on the same branches and having the porch in the returning' sunshine,
every color. and, as he watched the rainbow and
tinted raindrops glistening on - the
his hand, and he was doubting whether vine, he suddenly "thought out loud":
he should pluck that or a -banana, a `Mother, I mean to turn' over anew
little above his left eyelash, when he leaf! That:,old blue bottle has taught
suddenly •awoke, crying because he had me' a lesson:
not taken the banana. Perhaps the lesson doesn't "stand
_straight out" from the story, like a
A`thunderstorm had disturbed him; feather- from -a hut, but there are
and he went into the dining -room to'inane children who can find it as
easily as they can "lite answers to some
One monstrous pippin hung close to
escape from the rain.
Lo, thele was the blue -bottle, as of tine puzzles and all -can try. •
pert and active as though he owned They can, at any rate, find the blue-
the house, and as musical as two hand bottle fly..' Ole is flying around now
organs!- everywhere, and is worth seeing and"Now for iii".cried Charley; land studying.by every one. Threis.not.
creeping up, he crapped -rim-under a a boy or' -girl in till..ihe land who is
big goblet en the sideboard. ' more beautifully dressed,- and he al-
. The victory was won,-- and .:Charley ways 'keys "in apple-pie order!'
40 gallons of water,
Or Paris Green 1 pound, and arsen-
ate of lead 1 pound to 40 gallons' of
water. or Bordeaux mixture.
Any, of the above may be applied
in the form of a dust, but should be
diluted with from 10 to 20 times their
own bulk of hydrated lime, Apply
with duster or shake through a bur-
lap sack.
For Flea Beetle Use: Bordeaux
mixture (4 lbs. biuestmie, 6 lbs. hy-
drated lime and 40 gallons water)
with any ofthe poisons used for
potato beetle.
For Leaf Hopper User Bordeaux
mixture; spray both sides of the leaf
thoroughly.
For Potajo Aphis Use: Black Leaf
40 as soon as the aphids are at all
numerous; spray thoroughly, ,
Asparagus in Summer.
After the cutting season is over,
clean the bed of all weeds and trash.
Disk thetin
en a bed several times to
destroy weeds. This will do some
damage to the shoots, but the bed will
+soap recover and make up for the
temporary setback. Veryoften it is
necessary to cultivate between the
rows and hill up the crowns if the
small weeds can not bo destroyed
otherwise. Weeds killed at this stage
will not draw on the plantfood and
moisture needed during the dry wea-
ther period of the summer.
The bed should be stirred up fre-
quently during the summer;' if the
weeds grow, hand -wending may be
necessary. Keep the bed clean -that's
the main thing.. A top dressing of
800 to 400 pounds per acre of nitrate
+ef -soda will heleethings along.
1,- —•
Poison the Cutworms.
Have you .observed any cutworms
lurking about the corn field? If so,
you can foil their attacks upon the
tender corn shoots by tempting them
wr a t e poisons bran. One
formula for making this bran mash
is to use twenty-five pounds of wheat
bran, one ]found of Paris green, one
quart of cheap molasses, and three
and one-half gallons of water. 'These
constituents are mixed together, and.
the mash is then broadcasted over the
field in the late • afternoon or Belly
evening et -the rate of about fifteen
pounds per acre. The worms will little
suspect the -naughty trick that
ing piayad on them.—J. R.
A Successful Place.
I used to have a spot of very light
soil that grew poorer instead of bet-
ter under my eliort rotation of clover,'
one hoed crop, oats, and clover again.'
So I hauled opt some rotten hay and'
covered' the spot while it was in cloven';
mowing around,. the spot in .haying,'
and plowing the field tine next .epring
for potatoes, followed by oats and le -
seeding with 'als'ilce clover, Since then
there has been but little difference
between the poor 'spot ant the other
parts of the field. -F. G.
• Don't let lice and mites beP art of
your overhead iii the poultry business;
when it, is so easy to get rid of theirs
Cruelty to Fowls Costs You
Dollars:
Sometimes from lark of knowledge,
sometimes by neastaleen < kindness, . and
quite often from wilfulness, fowls are
treated cruelly. "Always speak to a
cow aa you would to a lady" was one.
of a succesefui dairyman's mottoes,
and it applies to hens as well. Not
only from a humane standpoint is it
best to be kind to fowl?, but from a
money standpoint, too, for cruelty to
fowls is costly.
One of the most cruel acts is to
carry fowls,. by the legs with the heads
hanging downward. It has been a
practice for ages, but it is cruel never-
theless, for the blood rushes to the
head. A neighbor one day carried a
fat ben by the legs and in a few min-
utes' it was gasping and came near
choking to death.
Another cruelty is to carry fowls by
the wings, and withheavy-bodied
fowls this practice is dangerous, The
proper way is to have the bird under
the arm, the head'facingthe rear of
the person, and the legs held firmly
by the right hand.
A dealer in table poultry was one
day noticed yanking stock out of a
crate. He would catch a bird by the
leg or wirig and otherwise roughly
handle them. When remonstrated he
re lied'•. It
doss not matter; ater• th e
p
,
birds will soon be idlled."
It is more or less common to see
fowls thrown over the fence into g
yard. There is no telling how they
will reach the ground, and the sudden
jar quite frequently does internal in-
jury. This cruelty is all the greater
-if considerable force is put into the
throw.
i A very pious old gentleman one day
!was vexed to the "cussing" point, be-
cause his hens got through a broken
fence and wandered into his garden.
In his anger he threw a ,stone and it
lamed one of the fowls. "There, it
serves you right; I don't pity you a
bit," `was the only comment on the
injury done. How much more credit-
able it would have been to drive them
back and repair the fencer
Overcrowding fowls in houses of
insufficient size; cooping up stock in
close, badly -ventilated houses; allow -
mg the supply of drnnkmg water to
run -out; neglecting to feed at regular
hours; allowing filth to accumulate
in the pens -all these cruelties can be
laid at the door of shiftless, lazy per-
sons,
Countless acts of cruelty may be
seen in breaking up broody hens.
Dousing the hens in water, tyltt by
one leg to a stake, throwing in a yard
of young cockerels to be knocked
altout, penning up in coops without
.food and water—these are cruel and
costly methods. Broodiness is a pro-
vision of nature; it is a period of
rest, . There is but one humane way
to get the hen;; to change her ideas,
and that ie. by placing' her in a sep-
arate coop 'where .there are neither
nests nor male birds,•
When mending lace curtains,' if a
piece of net of the required size mesh
is unobtainable, a piece of white mos-
quito netting will All the 'bill exactly,
Baste to the curtain and work the
motif in coarse linen or omelet
thread as required, The mended por-
tion will hardly be noticeable .and the
curtain will DO given a now lease of
life, quite an item. ib these days of
high .prices. -G. S.
because of its common-placeness.
However, we see in this old saying
an explanation of the advancement
made in recent years in boys` and
girls' club work. Here it has become
possible to warm young hearts with
the fird@of truth. It matters little
what line of work they engage them-
selves in, the unfolding of truth
about animals, crops, manufacturing,
processing, playing, hiking, is all won-
derfully interesting.
Perhaps what makes the quest for
truth so alluring to these boys and
girls is that they find tied up with
inter -related facts the most fascinat-
ing romances—romances of realism.
What a fine work it is to instill young
lives with a desire for 'truth—truth
ineluding 'all its romances. There
could be 'but one finer thing, and that
is, to extend the joy andinspiration
coming from this truth seeking to
people of all ages.
Hide Your•Headaches.
It is human to suffer, the toothache's
a thing
Which is apt to occur 10 both peasant
and king;
This body is prey to all manner of pain
A headaahe will come to the cemnron-
est brain;
There are all sorts of trouble for mor-
tals, to know,
Whioh the foolish display and the wise
never show,'
I
Jim Green kept a shop, and the wares
he displayed
And the prices he charged should have
built up a trade,
But if Jim had a headache, then all
who might come
To buy from his stock found him surly
and glum;
He'duarrel, o'er trifles an grouch.
q d uc
g,.
through the day
Anti 'take it or leave it," he'd frequent-
ly say.
The customers found in, their dealings
with Jim
'Twas a difficult thing to do business
with him;
They heard him complain of the trou-
bles he bore,
And they tired of his conduct and
passed up his store;
.I3is prices were fair and his goods
' were the best,
But to put up with Tim was too much
of a test.
It's the man, not the store, when it's
all said and done!
To the mem goes the battle and not to
the gun!
And what Jim Gruen forgot was the
stock on his shelf
Could never be sold till he'd first sold
himself;
So his customers loft for a eleasaater
place
To be served by a 'man with a sruile
an his face.
The moral is plain: If you're troubled,
don't show it!
If you've a. headache, don't let people
know it!
—Edgar A. Guest..
a
Where the horses have no exercise'
on Sunday or rainy days, it is a wise
plan . to cut the feed rations. 'Full
feed ,and no work is bad for the work
animals,
Proper feeding of the growing
chicks' will bring them intorodue
tion early. It is the greatest o. xtrava-
psnce to: try to save on the 'teed of
growing chicks. ,
i11,
\z`
---••
H,,cv M1. -
NICOTINE DUSTS FOR KILLING BUGS
BY GRIT' McICAY.
Nicotine dusts for killing Striped
cucumber -beetles, potato -aphis, -melon-
aphis, cahbagt .aphis,, pea -aphis, on-
lon-thrips, etc., have come tole one of
the etandbys—no longer a novelty.
The nicotine dusts kill's insects in
this way: The fumes of the nicotine
enter the breathing pores of the in-
sect and paralyze the ncrvd°us system.
The dusts can be bought at most any
seed atone. Commit your seed catalog..
The dusts are more effective if they
are applied by using a duster that
has a sort of canvas cone on the noz-
zle. This cone keeps the fumes con-
fined,; keeps dust from blowing away
in windy weather, and puts the ante
right where they are wanted. Dusters
can be bought for using this new'wee-
pari of bug warfare. Last year we
showed a sketch of.a home-made dust-
ing device that can be used with cal-
cium cyanid or nicotine dusts, but it
Is not so satisfactory as a good duster.
One thing above all others is es-
sential in using nicotinedusts-use
only fresh material. The killing part
of the dusts is volatile, and if left la
open containers will soon 'become too
weak to ldll, It will keep in air -tight
cans. .
Some folks like to make their own
nicotine dusts, and it is not a hard
job. Here is how to do it:
Get a 50 -gallon berrel and on each
end attach flange unions into which
you can sorew pieces of one -inch gas -
pipe. These are the "axle," if you
Want to call them that. The barrel
is mounted on a stand Ince the old-
fashioned
ldfashioned churn stand, but the 'bar-
rel rests lengthwise instead of cross, -
wise like the old barrel churn.
A door is cut in the -face of the
barrel; it is hinged' To it can be open-
ed and closed. A handle is put on the
end of one piece of the gas -pipe.
Put 50 or 60 pebbles (One inch in
diameter) in the barrel, then put in
50 pounds of high-grade hydrated
lime, and on this pour two and one-
half pounds of 40 per cent, nicotine
s'ulph'ate. Close and fasten the door
and "churn" for five minutes. The
resulting powder will be a 2 per cent,
nicotine dust. It ehould be used,im-
mediately. T. get a 4. per cent, du's't,
use five pounds of the 40 per cent.
nicotine sulphate' for 60 peu'nde of
hydrated lime, and so on .for .other,
strengths.. Y.ou, can get the nicotine
sulphate from your seed store.
Cucumber -beetles i'sgeire a dust
having strength of 6 per cont.. Some
use 10 per cent, dust. On srnall et -
cumbers, one pound of dust will cover
from 200 to 300 hills. The melon -aphis,
which ; attacks melons, eijuashes, cu-
cumbers and.. cotton, feeding on the
under side of the leaves, requires from
10 to 20 pounds of dust to the ' dere,
The pea -aphis' is oneof. the hardest
pests to handle. Dusting should be-
gin as soon es the pests appear. Use
from 60 to '75 pounds of dust per acre.
From' one to three applications will be
needed
For use on peas, it is all right to
mix the nicotine dust in combination
with sulphur, thus fighting , mildew
and,; aphis at the same, time. Such a
mixture ehopild be about 70,per`cent.
finely ground sulphur and 80 per cent.
nicotine dust of the proper strength.
OPTIMISM DR
PESSIMISM
• 'Many of us often wonder if ono
should be optindstie or pessimistic re-
garding the future, It is true that
some are confirmed pessimists with-
out reason fine 'some may be confirm-
ed .optimists without reason. But we
cannot help' but feel that there is
every.. reason for optimism in the
trend of events.
Our chief reason for feeling that
the world is growing better is more of
a mechanical one than a spiritual one.
The mechanical developments of the
past few generations have wrought
great, changes in our lives. They have
eliminated drudgery and lightened
-labor but they. have done more than
that, They have helped us to come
into closer communication with each
other and thus have helped' nus to un-
doestand : each, other better.:
Our grandfathers saw he steam
boat and the railroad come, our
faehers the telephone and telegraph,
and we' the automobile, the radio, the
,movie and the 'airship. These all have
helped us to nia.ke greater use of time
and space' and thus haye made the
world larger for us. They have broad-
ened our minds and therefore our
viewpoints, and have helped to elinin.
In districts where beet army -worms ate blind prejudices, They have
attack peas, leada:eenate can be brought greater freedom ,and though
added to the nicotine dust. Thus mix- with thesenew freedoms evils have
tune' will be all right for cabbage, cone,' the evils will go and the good
where aphis and cabbage -warms are will stay when we adjust ourselves' to
troublesome, Thenicotinedust '.;ills the new liberties.
the aphis (which get nourishment We have a great hope for the fu-
from the plants by sucking) and the ture because we feel sure that these
lead arsenate poison the "cabbage- cold mechanical helps are enabling ue
warms, which eat the leaves of the to understand each.. other better and
cabbage plants, Remember, nicotine in such an understanding we will.
dusts are for insects with sucking gain a broader conception of what our
mouth parts; lead arsenate is for In. relations to each other should be.
seotsthat chew the plants; sulphur is
for fungous diseases. THE TRUTH IS INTERESTING.
Best results in dusting :are secured That much repeated saying that
if the weather le warm—say 75 deg. truth is stranger than fiction appeals
F.; warmer weather Is better still, to us. We venture that it may account
Start dusting in the morning as soon for the fact that so many persons in-
sist upon fiction rather than truth,
as the dew leaves the plants.
The Control of Potato
Just the Thing.
Insects.
Ma Fish.—"All right, I'll fix yeti Sprays or duals thoroughly applied
at the right time are effective.
For Potato Beetle Use: Calcium'
Most of the transatlantic liners are arsenate (afisenate of lime) 1ta
pounds to 40 gallons of water or
deaux mixture,
Or Paris Green, 1 to 2 pounds to
Tommy Fish—"I'm hungry, Mal
some bread and jelly fish."
captained by ex officers of the Royal
Navy.
Size 10 years requires 3% yards of
THE
TUE BLUE BOTTLE ELY
BY J. T. WOOD.
It was a warm summer evening, capered a sort of war -dance before
and little Charley, who had when Ilia the fly. If his pleasure was not,ofthe
bowl of bread and milk, was sitting highest type, it was reasonable. Ile
on the steps of the porch. A sweet had overcome an annoyance, and that
honeysuckle -
climbed over the trellis is something. His victory was blood -
on either alio, giving a graceful per- less, and that is swathing; and it
fume. was just, and that is Something more.
As he sat there, weary, thinking of And then he began to examine his
what he had done, and what he would captive.
like to do, a blue blue -bottle fly came It was note like, the housefly; it
buzzing about—touched his nose- didn't resemble the gad -fly, and could.
flew away—buzzed and buzzed, and have eaten a whole colony of midges
finally came back, and gnats and mosquitoes.'
"Confound the old, bottle!" cried Charley lifted the goblet to study it
Charley, vainly striking at it. "I more carefully. Away whizzed the
don't see:whet flies are good for. They
don't give any wool, or lay eggs, or
draw loads, and their meat isn't good
to eat, and nobody wants 'em in a
show 1
Here the bottle buzzed' p
H ort up and hit
Charley on the chin; then flew into
the vine.
While it was singing in and out of
the flowers, Charley suddenly found
fly, while Cherley was rubbing off the
tickle it"gave him alit went—away,
into all the space outside,,,,as merry
and as happy as though it had not
been a plague and torment for half
an hour.
Charley's mother laughed et her lit-
tle boys rage and sorrow, and threats
of vengeance; and quietly asked biro if
the old blue -bottle did not remind' him
himself far away from home.- of some of his own pranks on busy
Ile was transported into a great days, when he 'felt like teasing her,
forest, end all of the trees were heavy and did make a great deal : of
with oranges, peaches, grapes, straw- . "bother"?
berries, apples and melons, growing Charley went out and sat down on
on the same branches and having the porch in the returning' sunshine,
every color. and, as he watched the rainbow and
tinted raindrops glistening on - the
his hand, and he was doubting whether vine, he suddenly "thought out loud":
he should pluck that or a -banana, a `Mother, I mean to turn' over anew
little above his left eyelash, when he leaf! That:,old blue bottle has taught
suddenly •awoke, crying because he had me' a lesson:
not taken the banana. Perhaps the lesson doesn't "stand
_straight out" from the story, like a
A`thunderstorm had disturbed him; feather- from -a hut, but there are
and he went into the dining -room to'inane children who can find it as
easily as they can "lite answers to some
One monstrous pippin hung close to
escape from the rain.
Lo, thele was the blue -bottle, as of tine puzzles and all -can try. •
pert and active as though he owned They can, at any rate, find the blue-
the house, and as musical as two hand bottle fly..' Ole is flying around now
organs!- everywhere, and is worth seeing and"Now for iii".cried Charley; land studying.by every one. Threis.not.
creeping up, he crapped -rim-under a a boy or' -girl in till..ihe land who is
big goblet en the sideboard. ' more beautifully dressed,- and he al-
. The victory was won,-- and .:Charley ways 'keys "in apple-pie order!'
40 gallons of water,
Or Paris Green 1 pound, and arsen-
ate of lead 1 pound to 40 gallons' of
water. or Bordeaux mixture.
Any, of the above may be applied
in the form of a dust, but should be
diluted with from 10 to 20 times their
own bulk of hydrated lime, Apply
with duster or shake through a bur-
lap sack.
For Flea Beetle Use: Bordeaux
mixture (4 lbs. biuestmie, 6 lbs. hy-
drated lime and 40 gallons water)
with any ofthe poisons used for
potato beetle.
For Leaf Hopper User Bordeaux
mixture; spray both sides of the leaf
thoroughly.
For Potajo Aphis Use: Black Leaf
40 as soon as the aphids are at all
numerous; spray thoroughly, ,
Asparagus in Summer.
After the cutting season is over,
clean the bed of all weeds and trash.
Disk thetin
en a bed several times to
destroy weeds. This will do some
damage to the shoots, but the bed will
+soap recover and make up for the
temporary setback. Veryoften it is
necessary to cultivate between the
rows and hill up the crowns if the
small weeds can not bo destroyed
otherwise. Weeds killed at this stage
will not draw on the plantfood and
moisture needed during the dry wea-
ther period of the summer.
The bed should be stirred up fre-
quently during the summer;' if the
weeds grow, hand -wending may be
necessary. Keep the bed clean -that's
the main thing.. A top dressing of
800 to 400 pounds per acre of nitrate
+ef -soda will heleethings along.
1,- —•
Poison the Cutworms.
Have you .observed any cutworms
lurking about the corn field? If so,
you can foil their attacks upon the
tender corn shoots by tempting them
wr a t e poisons bran. One
formula for making this bran mash
is to use twenty-five pounds of wheat
bran, one ]found of Paris green, one
quart of cheap molasses, and three
and one-half gallons of water. 'These
constituents are mixed together, and.
the mash is then broadcasted over the
field in the late • afternoon or Belly
evening et -the rate of about fifteen
pounds per acre. The worms will little
suspect the -naughty trick that
ing piayad on them.—J. R.
A Successful Place.
I used to have a spot of very light
soil that grew poorer instead of bet-
ter under my eliort rotation of clover,'
one hoed crop, oats, and clover again.'
So I hauled opt some rotten hay and'
covered' the spot while it was in cloven';
mowing around,. the spot in .haying,'
and plowing the field tine next .epring
for potatoes, followed by oats and le -
seeding with 'als'ilce clover, Since then
there has been but little difference
between the poor 'spot ant the other
parts of the field. -F. G.
• Don't let lice and mites beP art of
your overhead iii the poultry business;
when it, is so easy to get rid of theirs
Cruelty to Fowls Costs You
Dollars:
Sometimes from lark of knowledge,
sometimes by neastaleen < kindness, . and
quite often from wilfulness, fowls are
treated cruelly. "Always speak to a
cow aa you would to a lady" was one.
of a succesefui dairyman's mottoes,
and it applies to hens as well. Not
only from a humane standpoint is it
best to be kind to fowl?, but from a
money standpoint, too, for cruelty to
fowls is costly.
One of the most cruel acts is to
carry fowls,. by the legs with the heads
hanging downward. It has been a
practice for ages, but it is cruel never-
theless, for the blood rushes to the
head. A neighbor one day carried a
fat ben by the legs and in a few min-
utes' it was gasping and came near
choking to death.
Another cruelty is to carry fowls by
the wings, and withheavy-bodied
fowls this practice is dangerous, The
proper way is to have the bird under
the arm, the head'facingthe rear of
the person, and the legs held firmly
by the right hand.
A dealer in table poultry was one
day noticed yanking stock out of a
crate. He would catch a bird by the
leg or wirig and otherwise roughly
handle them. When remonstrated he
re lied'•. It
doss not matter; ater• th e
p
,
birds will soon be idlled."
It is more or less common to see
fowls thrown over the fence into g
yard. There is no telling how they
will reach the ground, and the sudden
jar quite frequently does internal in-
jury. This cruelty is all the greater
-if considerable force is put into the
throw.
i A very pious old gentleman one day
!was vexed to the "cussing" point, be-
cause his hens got through a broken
fence and wandered into his garden.
In his anger he threw a ,stone and it
lamed one of the fowls. "There, it
serves you right; I don't pity you a
bit," `was the only comment on the
injury done. How much more credit-
able it would have been to drive them
back and repair the fencer
Overcrowding fowls in houses of
insufficient size; cooping up stock in
close, badly -ventilated houses; allow -
mg the supply of drnnkmg water to
run -out; neglecting to feed at regular
hours; allowing filth to accumulate
in the pens -all these cruelties can be
laid at the door of shiftless, lazy per-
sons,
Countless acts of cruelty may be
seen in breaking up broody hens.
Dousing the hens in water, tyltt by
one leg to a stake, throwing in a yard
of young cockerels to be knocked
altout, penning up in coops without
.food and water—these are cruel and
costly methods. Broodiness is a pro-
vision of nature; it is a period of
rest, . There is but one humane way
to get the hen;; to change her ideas,
and that ie. by placing' her in a sep-
arate coop 'where .there are neither
nests nor male birds,•
When mending lace curtains,' if a
piece of net of the required size mesh
is unobtainable, a piece of white mos-
quito netting will All the 'bill exactly,
Baste to the curtain and work the
motif in coarse linen or omelet
thread as required, The mended por-
tion will hardly be noticeable .and the
curtain will DO given a now lease of
life, quite an item. ib these days of
high .prices. -G. S.
because of its common-placeness.
However, we see in this old saying
an explanation of the advancement
made in recent years in boys` and
girls' club work. Here it has become
possible to warm young hearts with
the fird@of truth. It matters little
what line of work they engage them-
selves in, the unfolding of truth
about animals, crops, manufacturing,
processing, playing, hiking, is all won-
derfully interesting.
Perhaps what makes the quest for
truth so alluring to these boys and
girls is that they find tied up with
inter -related facts the most fascinat-
ing romances—romances of realism.
What a fine work it is to instill young
lives with a desire for 'truth—truth
ineluding 'all its romances. There
could be 'but one finer thing, and that
is, to extend the joy andinspiration
coming from this truth seeking to
people of all ages.
Hide Your•Headaches.
It is human to suffer, the toothache's
a thing
Which is apt to occur 10 both peasant
and king;
This body is prey to all manner of pain
A headaahe will come to the cemnron-
est brain;
There are all sorts of trouble for mor-
tals, to know,
Whioh the foolish display and the wise
never show,'
I
Jim Green kept a shop, and the wares
he displayed
And the prices he charged should have
built up a trade,
But if Jim had a headache, then all
who might come
To buy from his stock found him surly
and glum;
He'duarrel, o'er trifles an grouch.
q d uc
g,.
through the day
Anti 'take it or leave it," he'd frequent-
ly say.
The customers found in, their dealings
with Jim
'Twas a difficult thing to do business
with him;
They heard him complain of the trou-
bles he bore,
And they tired of his conduct and
passed up his store;
.I3is prices were fair and his goods
' were the best,
But to put up with Tim was too much
of a test.
It's the man, not the store, when it's
all said and done!
To the mem goes the battle and not to
the gun!
And what Jim Gruen forgot was the
stock on his shelf
Could never be sold till he'd first sold
himself;
So his customers loft for a eleasaater
place
To be served by a 'man with a sruile
an his face.
The moral is plain: If you're troubled,
don't show it!
If you've a. headache, don't let people
know it!
—Edgar A. Guest..
a
Where the horses have no exercise'
on Sunday or rainy days, it is a wise
plan . to cut the feed rations. 'Full
feed ,and no work is bad for the work
animals,
Proper feeding of the growing
chicks' will bring them intorodue
tion early. It is the greatest o. xtrava-
psnce to: try to save on the 'teed of
growing chicks. ,