HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1925-06-11, Page 7RENEWING STRAWBERRY . BEDS
BY RICHARD BAXTER ADAMS.
Making Good Butter. waters of the same temperatureas
It •is not difficult to. make butter,'
but scrupulous cleanliness must be
observed at -every stage. All utensils
should be washed and scalded before
The practice of do -raw -berry growers a plow. A furrow may be plowed load after churning,
the buttermilk, The thertnomehr is;
essential for this, as for all the other
accurate estimates of temperature in
the various steps of butter making.
Three-fourths of an ounce of salt is
wo=ked in ere• mend of butter. Work- Tho Junior Women's Institutes eating, (0) avoid undereating, (7)
FOR HOME AND COUNTRY
Are You Fit?
differs considerably as to' how many! along each side of each row, throwing""- The cream sheuld contain about 30 in of the butter is a ver important, went to Macdonald Institute at the eat lightly of easily digested food,.
WHAT AN OLD GREEK
SAID
BY J. T. HORNER.
trope of berries they will take from a the,soil-.away from the row.and leav sr cent. butter fat. A gallon -,;of of ones nd•should receive O.A.C. for four glorious days this when axed, excited or anxious, (8) . "Those things should be called goods
Pp t g part of process' a• g
before it is abandoned and a new. ing the centres. Or one or two fur- i l butter, spring, Among other things they itis
lied ,cream of this standard .will yield careful attention.. Overworked b e ,
one started. rows may be plowed from one side of about 3 pounds of butter. It is bet how to attain physical fitness,
..•• � • nts P � is sticky,.; greasy in appearance and, sod P y
cos
The decision hinges largely on two each row, retaining a strip of plants ter to churn the cream; not the whole has a gummy grain. 17nderworked and here is a summary of the concha.
questions: First, as to the relative along the opposite side of the row. milk:: The cream seined be cooled butter is very apt to be mottled be=' sions at which they arrived:
expense of renovating the old bed end Tho former method has the advan- immediately atter it cones from the! cause of the uneven distribution of
putting it in shape for, another crop, tags that one usually finds fewer separator and kept as cold at pos-'the salt.
as compared' with the colt• of setting weeds to contend with, since they were sib:e until the time for ripening,
a new bed; and second, as to whether; shaded out dui•igg the previous sea- which should be, done at a temperature Palatability of Feeds.
the fruit from the old bed will be son by the strawberry plants. But it between 65 deg. F. and 75 deg. F. 2. Objective Signs of Physical Fit-
satisfactor after the renovation has; has the disadvantage that one retains
When -the cream is .mildlysour,,it Tt is probably .true liar ae hen does nese (How we look).
ynot have a vel 'k en sense of taste, ( )
been done. Ithe old plants set the year previous l 'ld be d t h tanner-) y. 3
11 It f d d A, Good posture—erect carriage in
standing, sitting or walking.
1. Physical fitness is the highest
standard of health which we ;can at-
tain, so that we may be of_ the great-
est service to humanity,
1 s lou .cele o c urnuig 0tnpeT-� hitt sh
Probably more growers take two, and which ai,e now stating their tlntc •atone or below and held so for- at. . e does
d' 1'1ver am ee s, an
cro s froth a bed than more or fewer;' season; whereas in the second method• least two hours before churning,be-11f these are used to snake up toe large
butmanygrowers never :take but ones the plants are all of them one year,gilns, a proportion of her ration she will
i old and therefore more vi errors and I eat less than -,she would consume. of a
w •crop, and a few take as high a s three, br Successful buttermalung depends,
four or five. likely to be more fruitful. l more palatable mixture, The practi-
largely on this temperature at which j.cal result is that ee production is E. Firm, white, regular teeth.
As a rale it costs much less to repo- In addition .to this plowing length-, churning' is done but there is no ones 'g
11 about half wise of the rows money: grower', re- not kept at a high:level. F. Wall proportioned bod'y�--weight
vete bbs old bed, generally temperature proper Eoi every season
* - somewhat the retnainin plants • ,. is i , Among the feeds. that are particu not more or less that 10' per cent.
as much, though this depends largely duceb P of the year. Churning a mechani-
ztaion has been alongthe` strip of row which: has not cal i n under distasteful to the hen ehould be above or below standard for height:
ca how well the plantation process, and if it is doe d listed blood meal and r e either whole
.axed for during its first season. Oc-' been plowed under. This may be done the same conditions on one day •as on, 3 '
bedwhich gives by running the plow crosswise of' the another lresults i-, or ground. •
casional.y one finds a g caon the ashould be tdentr ! The rotein of dried blood seems to,
a larger crop the second season than bed and thus checking it off into small cal. The temperature is the factor, p
squares a foot or so en a side, Or 1 which must be varied to gat uniform' be of poor duality, at least in so far
it may be done•w.ith a hoe, In this, results, If the temperature is too low,i s its use by the hen is concerned,
way some growers reduce the number the'churnin • period is eenecessar--il '' and this fact niay tartly account for
of plants; to not many more than were 'colon edg mayim ossible to 1 her tendency to leave it alone.
prolonged, ' or be p 1 Similar.' in the case of rye them
originially set out, though usually obtain butter. Too high a churning y'
there are several times, this number. temperature is also to be avoided be -I seems to be danger of rather serious
The soil of the'bed should next be cause butter fat will bo lost the but- digestive trouble if any appreciable
worked over thoroughly to get it back ter will be soft, and will not keep well. quantity is eaten by poultry.
into fine physical condition. A colli- Butter will come in 10 minutes at Some feeds, such as red dog flour,
valor with largo teeth may be used too hi h a churning temperature, ori are not readily eaten when offered to
g g the hens .singly but will actually in -
even in q, with some patent churns, 1] of certain 'mix,
but it will not be' such good' butter, crease the palatability
In summer when the cattle are pas -
It
to which they may be added.
A It is because hens show a marked
treed and fed on grass, the best I ability to distinguish between dicier-
tem-
perature is between 5.. deg. F. and 00I ant mixtures- that we should be 'very
deg. F. In winter it will range from f 1 t t melee sudden or severe
B.Clear complexion, good color.
C. Clear, bright eyes.
D. Glossy hair.
it did the first; but usoally the crop
is somewhat smaller, the berries not
quite so large and the fruit ripens
somewhat earlier than similar var-
ieties in a newly set bed.
If the bed is to be.renewed it may
be done in' various ways, but the fol-
lowing is the usual practice Just as
soon as possible after the crop' is off,
the bed is gone over with a mowing
machine. This .is usually followed by to advantage to start the work, follow
-
a hay tedder to stir up the old mulch ed by one with spike teeth. Or'the
.on the bed and thus scatter it evenly1whole surface` of the bed may li? work -
over the surface and allow' mulch and ed over with a smoothing harrow.
leaves to dry out thoroughly. This latter is rather Heroic treatment,
The bed is burned over, selecting `a but surprisingly good iresults are often
time when the material is fairly dry"secured by it, and of course it has
and when there is a' good wind so that the advantage•of being quickly and.
the burning will take place quickly. cheaply dens.
The principal advantages of burning Lastly the bed should receive a good
are that most. of the diseases and in- dressing of fertilizer. Quantities and
sects and weeds are destroyed; the forumlas will vary according to whe-
objections to. it are that a lot of Slier, the soil; is"more 'lar' less . fertile
humus -forming ig material is destroyed and whether it has been well cared
and that occasionally the crowns' of for or not, but for average conditions
theplantsmay be injured. But as a the following per acre will be found
rule the advantages more than out- satisfactory: 100 pounds of nitrate of
'weigh the disadvantages. soda, 250' pounds of tankage and 400
Some method is usually adopted to pounde of acid phosphate,
reduce the number of old plants on Or if tankage cannot be had, use
the bed, though occasionally a grower 250 pounds of nitrate of soda and 400
is found who merely cleans up the pounds of acid phosphate. _
bed as just described and lets all the, This should be scattered directly on
old plants' remain. In this case he' the rows, but unless it is applied im-
G. Hy�genic clothing.
H. Personal cleanliness,
I, Enthusiastic manner,
3. Subjective Signs of Physical Fit-
ness (How we feel).
A. Energy and zest in work and
play, kept in sensible proportion and
balance..
B, Enjoyment of wholesome food.
C. Feeling of rest and refreshment
on rising.
D. Feeling of healthy fatigue at
bed time.
E. Freedom from persistent worry.
P. Freedom from persistent or
regularly recurring pain,
G. Endurance.
H. Self confidence.
4. If you are honestly intent on bey.
care ix no o ma c in h y you must: (1) Eat
leg, F. to fi0 9eg. F. - The dry g p ysicall fit
i in m and a roach -1 changes in the make-up of the mix regularly, (2) eat slowly, (8) eat
feed, housing barns, Ap tures fed, Such changes are likely to
ing end of thelactationperiod contri-I some hard food for the sake of. the
buts to this difference. If the churn ��Q particularly disastrous during the teeth, (4) eat some fresh, raw or
is not loaded over one-third full, and next two or three months. green food every day, (5) avoid over -
not turned too fast,' then butter ^�
Chickens.. need sunlight to prevent
should come, under .hese respective rickets.
temperatures, in a firth granular con- 4.�--
dition in about 30 to 40 minutes. If I have had a silo for 14 years, al -
electricity is available the churn can, ways haul manure direct to fields, and
be attached to a motor but the speed have never failed to catch clover on
must be regulated to correspond to' those fields. Some years -1928 was
the best rate of hand churning, about' one—I had a good stand, Most farm-
Butter
revolutions a minute. L ers not having silos failed to get any
Butter color is added, if necessary,, clover on better soil than mine. Fur -
when the cream is strained into the, thermore, I have applied twelve loads
churn. When butter granules are: an acre of manure from silage on
formed the size of wheat. grains it is poor, sandy soil and got a good, stand
does not plan for many new runners to. mediately after the bed is turned' over, time to strain off the buttermilk and' except where there was lack of lime.
set' that season, but:depends on get- so , that there is no foliage on the wash the butter in the churn in two' —W. J. 'M
• ting his fruit as a second crop from! vines, it should be °applied when the
the old plants. Most of this work of, leaves are dry, otherwise they may be
• cutting out the old plants is done with injured by the nitrate of soda.
4n the Garden. live near a garage ask your garage
man to save for you his refuse oil.
The most im ortant work now foe- Add to this an equal quantity of kern.
P I 9
ing the gardener is cultivation. Make sene. 'L`he kerosene: thins the oil so
a point of stirring, the soil between that it will paint or spray on readily.
the rows and around the plants once It gives a mixture that penetrates the
a week. Such constant stirring of wood, but does not grease or soil the
the surface hastens growth, conserves birds' feathers. To lubricating oil
the soil moisture and keeps down all' and kerosene add from 2 to 5 per cent.
weed growth. of a good disinfectant.
But nevercultivate or work amongOne or two` applications leave the
v to PA
the beans while the foliage is'at all woodwork dark brown on color and
wet, either with dew or following a: slightly oily to the touch. Mites never
shower,; delay: until' the leaves are per- bother a poultry house where this
fectly dry. Anthracnose, that hor- I preparation is used.
rible disease which- destroys the fol -i- One or two applications during the
iage and marks the beans in the pods,, summer are sufficient, but do not let
is always present while the weather .the mites get ahead of you.
is moist and warm, and the germs: 1 -^—
are scattered broadcast when they are' Summer Roosting Shelters..
disturbed under these conditions. Now that warn' weather is with us
This disease is .so prevalent in some I again, it is time to think about giving
gardens that to prevent it from get - dour growing chicks, which spend their
ting a start on the young plants pre- days, on the range, all the fresh air
ventive measures must be taken in WO can at night.' Toe often fifty or
good time, spraying' at intervals of a hundred growing pullets or conker -
six to ten days with Bordeaux. mix- els are put in small colony houses;
tore. Spraying may be discontinued,! open only a little. on the front,.and
` once the plants are well set with tiny compelled to roost there throughout
pods. •� the . hot summer months. I
Anticipate the attacks of the potato, Chickens have an extremely high
beetle by spraying with a Bordeaux- l body temperature, which .means that
arsenate solution. ;they -require greater amounts of oxy-
The potato beetle is partial to the gen than does any other form of ani -
leaves of -the eggplant; therefore,. mal. A small, tightly inclosed colony
keep the foliage covered with the poi- house does not admit of their secur-
son and sa eliminate all danger,- of ing a sufficient amount.
these and other leaf -eating insects. I The tendency on poultry farms is to
The striped cucumber beetle seems build so-called open-air roosting shel
to know that seed of his favorite tit- tens. These consist of a .roof, sup -
bit is underground, for his whole fain- ,ported on four or more stakes, sides
ily is on the patch as rhe first leaves' of inch -mesh wire netting and are
are breaking through the surface. Be. filled with perches. -
prepared with tobacco powder, or land The roof protects the birds from
plaster to which a little Paris green storms, yet there. is ample fresh air,
has been added -say are part to one, and they'are practically under the
hundred parts of land. plaster—and same conditions as they would be if
dust each hill thoroughly. roosting under a tree. Furthermore,
It may be necessary to repeat the these open-air birds • are much more
application two, or three days later,' easily kept clean and free from. mites.,
rand. a:ways. following a shoiver..This The wire netting makes it possible to'
also applies to Melons, pumpkins and shut the birds in at night, and to pro-
squash- As the plants Vacuole larger tect them against animals. It is also
.and begin to vine, use the Bordeaux- easier to catch them if necessary.
arsenate mixture regularly. • A good open-air shelter is a build-
ing about 8x10. or 10x10 square, with
Watch Out for Mites. cornier posts about five feet high,
This is the time to expect mites to board floor, and a board roof covered;
appear in considerable numbers. No with roofing paper. Let' the roof eic-1
matter how carefully the houses have tend about a foot over the south side,
THE MOUTHS OF PLANTS
"If you were very thirsty," said old
Mr. .Ewing, "and I was to pour a
glass of water on the top of your head
would you be, very grateful to me?
"No," said Tom, whc was watering
his geranium, "I'd be mad!"
"Well," said the old man, "you are
not treating your plant much better.`
It has mouths, and it likes to drink.
when it is thirsty, but you don't pour'
the water into its mouths."
"I don't know where they are," said
Tom, looking curiously at the bush.
"Its leaves are full of eager little'
pores and they are choked with dust,";
Mr. Ewing said, "Just put the nose
again on the watering -pot and wash'
off the leaves."
Tom picked. up the nose, put it on
the spout of the pot, and gave the
bush a thorough wetting.
"It does look better," he said• "IIas
it any other mouths?"
"Plenty more," said the old man;
"one at the end of each rootlet. When
you pour a stream of water around
"the stem of the plant, I think it must
feel as you would ifI put drink on
your head."
"Yes," said Tom, "see that fuschia.
I didn't water the leaves nor the ends
of the roots, I an} sure."
"And don't you see. you are doing
the same thing bythat rhododendron?"
said the irritable old pian. "When you
do anything, boy, do it in the right
way."
And he took the watering -pot him-
self, and every mouth in each plant
got a good drink that time.
been cleaned and disinfected, there is to `protect the fowls from driving! MAKES 8,5D0-MRON DOR
always the danger of some mites lurk- storms The entire area of the coop
int over from theprevious season. can be fitted with perches setting
I
- b � , g
Examine the nests, perches and these about eighteen inches apart. , t
perch supports frequently. If signs Such. a shelter can he built for about
of. mites appear, the perches should be half the cost of an ordinary colony'
taken outdoors and painted with a house. `
i n. Perch sup-
taken
u_
• mite -eradicating solutio p
g
ports; cracks around ` the droppings It is of no advantage to agriculture
boards and the nests should be treat- to have folks pursuing that vocation
who are dissatisfied with it. If they
ed in the sante way. want t0goto the cit bo lies nothing
Many paints and sprays can be Y
used. Sonia. are commercial mixtures, should be placed 'in the way' of their,
many are homemade mixtures. The going. Those who are recruited to
secret•of a-' good eradicating,prepara-
tion 'is that : it contains- oil, which
leaves the surface. greasy so that the
mites cannot travel over it.:
Lubricating oil,;such as •is used in fails to fled p.eaeur°° in his work..
---IL J. w,•
agriculture through•:ginbrance or
ception add nothing to the quality of
rural society.' The greatest of human
tragedies is that in which the worker
au as ontoblid, is excellent. If you
Just a few. days after the new. Cana-
dian Pacific B.C. Coast Liner S.S. Prim-'
cess Kathleen ,entered the. Victoria
Harbor after her maiden trip Froin the
Clyde, Scotland,- a little 26 -foot dory
slipped away -from the quay almost un-
der the nose_ of the .new arrival' bound
for the Old. Country by the very route
which the Marguerite had just tra-
versed.
On board the neat one-mas�ted"sacl-
ing ship in which lie'expects to make
the ,perilous 8,500. miles voyage to
Great Britain wee Coinmandei• 77wstace
B. ;Maude, R.N., ,Resident of Mayne Is-
. land, B.C., who, although ' seventy
years of age, has, not lost that courage
and daring which is so necessary on an
v-.
undertaking of this kind.
All the traditions of the British Navy
are bound up in the ambitious enter-
prise of -this venerable Commander.
As a young pian Commander Maude
was First Lt. aboard the Royal Yacht
of Her Late Majesty Queen Victoria,
the Victoria and Albert, and his first
naval command was on the. Temeraire,
on which be commanded engagements
off :the Malay Peninsula and in 'the
China Seas against nautical pirates.
The Hielf-noon,.. as Commander
Maudehas maintained, has an auxili-
ary consisting of a five H.P. engine
on which 'the gallant Commander will
tali back in case of callus pr adverse
weather.
drink three to five glasses of water that are beneficial to the master.
every day outside of mealtime, (9) ).;neither can those lands be called
eat sweets at tire cel of a meal, not goods which by a man's unskillful .
between meals, (10) -:laver drink when -ex
th''•eresolid. food in the mouth (11)management put him tomore expense
than he receives profit by them; nor
before putting food in the mouth, maythose lands be called goods whic•
hwash the hands. do not bring a good farmer such a '
Rest: (1) Spend eight to nine hours profit s may give ham a ood lvin ,"
in bed every night. (2) Sleep out of profit
they above paragraph a ain
doors' when you .cane• (3) Sleep as tg
and consider .well the truth of it. This
nearly as possible in outdoor air !all might be the saying of a modern'.
the. time. (4) Do not expect to sleep n'whoas founded le olu ' n
at ni ht unless -the body extremities economist eIt rte d a s tto
g for <nll of the evils -attending agt]eul-
are warm. (5) Lie down for ten to tore. It might well come from a lee -
twenty minutes rest near the middle ,twee at' a Rotary Club :dinner trying
of the day if possible. to impress upon his hearer the neves-
Exercise and' Recreation: Spend:; at sity of agriculture yielding a profit
]east an hour a day in recreation and and a good living to the farmer.
exercise,' outdoors if possible. (2) 1 As a matter of fact, these were the
Take exercise that is enjoyable and thoughts of a man who lived 400 years
vigorous enough to require deep
breathing and to open the skin pores.
(3) Exercise daily, not only the'ex-
tremities but the trunk of the body.
(4) Acquire and maintain a good pos-
ture. (5) Avoid weak and fallen
arches; wear Healthful shoes.
Cleanliness: (1) Take a cool tub,
shower or sponge bath. Use coarse
towel for vigorous friction.' (2) Twice
a week, take a warm, cleansing bath
at bedtime. (3) Attend to evacuation
of the intestine daily with absolute
regularity.
Mental Recreation: Get some form
of mental as well as physical recrea-
tion. Cultivate a hobby. Cultivate
and preserve a play spirit.
Avoid worry as you would the
plague. Be cheerful. Be unselfish.
Preserve a sense of humor. Cultivate
imagination. Be determined to be
physically fit, but don't worry about
your health:ef all things.
d a expenseof others, whether by wilful
Two Ways of Handling disobedience, crying, holding the
breath or tantrums, that is the time
Tantrums for the parent calmly but certainly to
prevent it. One decided victory on
se FLORENCE sescO2-retneIPs. the part of the parent will often prac-
tically end the natter, while one vic-
tory on the part of the child means
"Mamma! I want to go out and constant trouble for the parents from
then on, trouble for each teacher the
child ever has, and perhaps the re-
form school or penitentiary eventu-
ally for the child. The learning in
the home, of obedience to parents and
respect for the rights of others is the
foundation for obedience to God and
respect for the laws of the land.
play," four-year-old Flossie announced
one morning.
"Not to -day, dear,"answered her
mother. "It is too damp and rainy."
"Please, Mamma," coaxed Flossie,
"I like rain."
"No, Flossie, you can't go outdoors
now," answered her mother firmly. ' •
After more teasing to no avail, Flos-
sie resorted to a new scheme which
she was.. sure would bring Mamma to
time, that of berating all her mother's
friends and relatives.
"Grandma's bad! Grandpa's bad!
Aunt Mary's bad." Flossie paced the
floor as she made the announcements.
To the child's utter chagrin, her
mother ignored her completely. Any-
thing would have been better from
Flossie's standpoint than to be ig-�
Mored; even a spanking would have
been preferable, for she would have
known she was making some impres-,
cion on Mother. She soon wearied of
that scheme when she could see no
effect at all: Then she -resorted to the •
only means.- she had left to bring •
Mother to time, that of having a tan-
trum, the first and only tantrum she
ever had.
Flossie was not angry when she be-
gan her tantrum, merely determined
to gain her point. You see, I have a
perfect right to tell you what Flossie
thought, for I was Flossie. Flossie'
lay down on the floor and kicked furi-
ously and yelled, "I want to go out-
doors and play, I dol" Still, Mother
paid no attention whatever, and after
a few minutes Flossie wearied °f her
one-sided game 'and began playing
with her dolls as good humoredly as
ever.
Contrast Fiossie's experience with
that of young Charles. When Charles
was about two years old he developed
the habit of screaming for what he
wanted and crying furiously if the
ether children did not give up to him.
If this did not bring the accustomed,
"Let the baby have it, children," from
Mother, or, `Give that to Charles this
instant. You ought to he ashamed to
THE STURDY REEFER COAT
FOR BOYS.
Boys like practical coats, and this
double-breasted model, No. 1085, if
made of Donegal tweed or covert
cloth, would give long. hard service
for school wear and accompany him
make a little boy cry," from Father, to the ball game afterward. The coat
Charles bumped his head, kicked his has plain unbelted back, long two-
piece set-in sleeves, notched collar,
and set-in pockets with flaps. Cut in
sizes 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years. Size 8
the other children. Then he aau:d years requires 1% yards of 54 -inch:
grasp the coveted article, shut his jaw material, with 1% yards of 30 -inch
defiantly and grunt one long "Ugh" lining material. "Price 20 cents.
after another until the spell subsided. " HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS.
This course was followed until Charles
became so adept et gaining his point
that, even after the arrival of another
baTiy, he continuedto bold sway. It
was the baby who had to give in to
Charles, net Charles to the baby.
Charles soon learned that the whole
family stood in awe of hie' "mad
spells" and he made use'bf his su-
premacy on every possible occasion.
Eventually, his parents wearied of
having a great big four -year -o' -'d lying
on- the floor kicking lois heels'- and
screaming at the top of his voice a
dozen times a day and began punish-
ing him for it, and while they eventu-
ally succeeded in putting an end to
his- tantrums by this method, he is
still, at eighteen years of age, so dis-
agreeable that his family can scarcely
live with -him, for the selfishness wliiclt
was cultivated in him in babyhood has
grown to monstrous proportions. ,
The, first time any cchild Chows a de-
terminationto have its own way in
defiance of better judgment or at the
heels, stiffened himself and bellowed,
until one of his distracted parents
would' give the desired command to
before the Wise Men followed the
bright star to, the place where a new
born babe lay in a manger. These
were the words of the Greek General
Xenophon who was somewhat of a
farmer as well as a fighter. ,
One might be almost induced to be-
lieve that old man Xenophon was
thinking of certain :cut -over Ontario
lands when he said "Nor may those
lands be called goods which do not
bring a good farmer such a profit as
may give him a good living." Certain-
ly, he was right in the thought that
a piece of land which will not return
a profit if tilled in the right manner
by a good farmer, is worthless and de-
serves not to be called a good.
This old Greek soldier who farmed
and wrote when he wasn't busy prod,
ding an enemy with a spear, was a
pretty good agricultural economist.
Ile knew that the combination of a
good farmer and poor land brought
no good results. Likewise, just as
bad a combination was that of good
land and a poor, farmer, for he said,
"Neither can those lands be called
goods which by a man's unskillful
management put him, to more expense
than he receives profit by them."
SUCCEss OR mann:.
If we look around we can see, no
doubt, some farms which are of little
value to the man who farms them;
because of his unskillful management,
no profit is left at the end of the year.
On other farms not quite so good, we
see good farmers making money.
The successof some farmers and.
the failure of others will make us give
notice to another observation of'Xeno-
phon. "The science of husbandry,"
he said, "is extremely profitable to
those who understand it but it brings
the greatest trouble and misery upon
those farmers who undertake it with-
out knowledge."
No doubt the practice of husbandry
has brought the greatest trouble and
misery upon some of our farmers dere,,,
in thepast few years, and has, not
g
been so extremely profitable as Xeno-
phon had predicted. Possibly; profit.
in agriculture in early Grecian days
was not so dependent upon markets
as it is to -day. It might be that the
welfare of the farmer depended en-
tirely upon how well the science of
husbandry was followed.
At any rate we must respect the
remarks of this Grecian farmer and
recognize that he knew a little about
the factors which influence success in
farming.
Not many weeks ago a man was
telling me about the beginnings of
agricultural economics.. This begin-
ning was, according to this man, about
thirty years ago. As a matter of fact,
farmers in Canada have been pretty
good agricultural economists for a'
long time and have not known it. The
development of markets has caused
the type of farming to change and it
is this new development which has
necessitated a new consideration of
the economics of agriculture.
To read such sound economics in
-the writings of a man who lived al-
most 2,500 years ago would be a blew
to the vanity of many a present-day
would-be saviour of agriculture.
While I don't propose to give you
all the economic statements of this
Greek -farmer-warrior, there is one
more I want to leave for you to think
about. This statement was, no doubt,
true in early Grecian days. Whether
it is true to -day, I'll leave others to
decide. It is worthy of thought and
consideration, at least. He said, "It
is not difference in knowledge or op-
portunities of knowledge that make
some farmers rich and others poor;
but that which makes some poor and
ansome rich is that the former are negli-
gent and lazy -the latter industrious
d fty-
It thriappears f> om this 'statement that
there was no royal road to prosperity
in Xenophon's community. All the
Greek farmers had to give much
thought and work to cause success to
come their way. It is quite possible
that these old Greeks had to have a
Big Benremind them it was time to
shake the dirt out of their shees, pull
on the overalls and rush down to the
cow -lot. At any rate Xenophon knew
that a farmer load to work :that he
needed good land, and that a good
farmer was entitled to a good living.
After all, things have not cl1nged
so much as we sometimes try to make
ourselves believe.
Write your name and address plain-
ly, giving number and size of such
patterns as you want. Enclose 20c in
stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for each number, and
address your order to Pattern; Dept.,
Wilson Publishing Co., 78 West Ade-
laide St., Toronto. Patterns sent by
return mail.
Do not fill kerosene or gasoline
lamps or stove tanks quite full. Leave
a little space.
There is an old rural maxim:
"Everything in the hen house should
be as dry as a chip."
If finely -varnished surfaces are
scratched, the damage can be remedied
by rubbing lightly with alcohol to
soften the varnish and obscure the
crack. When the varnish hardens
again, polish, and the scratch: will
never show. '
Enamel or granite ware pans will
last longer without chipping, if when
new they are put in h pan of water
and boiled, then set aside in the• same
water to cool.