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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1925-02-12, Page 3Fadro ' ^ - se communications-to.Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St. West, TorSeu SEASONABLE IIINTS ON preparation, attention should be given' STRA,WR1;RB ES. to the selection of proper plants for. It extremely itnpor-; With the approach of spring, grow- setting oat ere will be looking toward the spring tart thatearlyplants with plenty of care of strawberry -plantations set out young white roots should be selected the pastyear and to the l and only good sized plants should be planting he used. The large plants will start. new areas for next ,can's crop, 'The . g P established .plantation, which should 'forming runners or ;pew plants more have been protected with straw or quickly than will the small ones, and, -rushes last fall (except where grown in addition, it has been_ found that el •extremely favored localities), will the good•sized.plants transplant to bet -1 protective cover- to have .the re uire ter adv'entago. q , leg_ removed as. soon as the• plants', Time to Plant—Early planting is i start growth in the spring. This coy- 0150 means of increasing next year's eying may be simply raked in between,, crop. Plantations set out early veil,: the rows and left there as •a mulch.: It have a stand of young plants in the seldom . pays to' remove the covering hate summer, and the earlier a runner completely and cultivate between the roots, the greater the crop it will pro - rows, for not only y does the mulch re- duce the following season. it is not the considerable moisture, but it alsohe size of the stand, or the number of acts as a protection to the ripe fruit plants per square foot that counts,- by keeping it clean from splashiug'of but;largely 'a question of the age of PAINTING FAR I BUILDINGS WITH • Home Education 'ThoChild's First School Is the Family"--tFroobaL'' A Place for the Children—By Laura}`j3: Gray. In this day of email, convenient to love orderlinai4ss and to be useful. One of the outstanding industrial FLOUR MILLING AND EXPORT houses, it sometimes: eeems impossible to devote one room to the children, but why not build houses for them?— a nice, bright, comfortable one off the kitchen, where Mother can keep an eye on it, not up three flights of stairs in the garret. Living as we do, in a four -roomed bungalow, it seemed:, impossible to have a children's room, until the fol- lowingidea came to ire: We have a verandah of fair size. Half of this we screened with canvas, and here the children have slept the year round. We live on the Pacific. coast where the climate is Moderate, although we sometimes get zero weather. This ar- rangement left one nice, sunny bed- room for the nursery. d The difference this room has made of tobogganing, Tired of the ordinary run this levee of winter sports to the entire housebold•is astonishing. dren seek their pleasures outside the ' n g, trios some new entice; emulating the adventures o t f those famous %haraetere I kalsotnined 'the walls yellow, painted home. a rode on a magic carpet• ty curtains and varnished the floor makes it easier foe the mother, too. After they have ',leen out in the after- features of the year 1924 has been. the noon they are .keen to come back to amount of interest evidenced in ;x - their room, and sometimes they bring pending the flour -milling industry of a little friend to play with them. Here Canada, together with a caesiderable they can romp without disturbing'development of the Dominion's export anyone.. of this commodity. Very significant is A children's room is also a blessing the effect to be expected of new entries to the rest of the family. After a into the Canadian field, particularly Yard day's struggle to get' the where- in Western Canada, having a regard withal to bug bread for his little to Vancouver as a port of outlet, and brood, the father returns home, his the industry, already occupying pre - heart longing for the sweet peaceful- miey place among; Canada's manifold nese' of his own hearth, It is hard activities, seems destined for greater for him to have to jump up immedi- prestige. The' outlook. for flour ex- ately after supper and set himself to' port appears' very bright. amuse his children with their exuber-Between the fiscal year 1914 and the ant spirits; it is equally hard on the twelve months ending September, children to be continually subdued and 1924, whilst exports of Canadian told to be quiet. This, I think, more wheat increased from 120,426,579 than apything else, tends to make cltil- bushels worth $117,719,217 to 294,158,- 561 bushels worth $801,656,684, ex- ports of flour increased from 4,832,183 barrels worth $20,581,079 to 12,501,- 503 barrels worth $65,423,562, this representing for the decade an incre- ment of 158 pee cent, in volume ex- ported, and 218' per cent• in value. Whilst both wheat and flour'ehip- ments have been increasing at a very healthy rate, there is evident a. grati- fying tendency to increase the export of the raw product' in its manufactur- ed form. Whereas in 1914 the value of flour exports represented 17 per cent, of the value of'wheat shipments in that year, by 1924, notwithstanding the heavy increase in the volume of wheat shipped, the value of flour ex- ported represented more than 21. per cent. of that 'of wheat.. In 1922, the het year for which complete statistics are available on the Canadian miPlling industry, a total of 81,413,649 bushels of wheat were milled at Canadian mills, representing" approximately 24 per cent. of the Dominion's wheat pro- duction in that year. The proportion is probably higher to -day and will un- doubtedly be so in the future. MILLS AND INVESTED, CAPITAL. In 1922 there were 1,864 flour mike in Canada, 153 being situated in West- ern Canada. The total capital invested in these was $68,453,886. They gave employment to 6,757 persons, who re- ceived in wages and salaries the sum of $7,490,869. The cost. of the raw materials utilized was $186,687,078, the gross value of production $166,- 881,455, and the net value of produc- tion $84,194,877. Though the first of Canadian manufacturing activities at that time, developments sines that date have undoubtedly further added to its prestige. Whilst other countries with milling industries of their own' find it neves eery to import proportions of Can- adian wheat to mix with their own product for milling purposes, Canada has been able to build up a large and prosperous sexport trade in flour due to her ability to secure an unlimited supply of the best milling wheat at a minimum price. This trade is widen- ing in scope and increasing in volume met a phenomenal rate. Already Can- ada is exporting flour to fifty coun- tries, and new ones are being added each year. The countries of the Orient are becoming increasingly consumers of the Canadian product, whilst many European countries are increasing the volume of their importations. EXPORTING FLOUR To 50 COUNTRIES: The manner in which this trade is developing is evident in a. survey of figures for the past three years, in - eluding the six months ending with September. In 1922 the Dominion ex- ported 8,668,998 barrels of flour worth $28,152,211; in 1923, 4,270,092 barrels worth $24,424,239; and in 1924, 5,456,666 barrels worth. $27,064, 683. Comparing the half -yearly per- iod of 1924 with that of 1928, it is found that the Netherlands and Italy multiplied their wheat importations by four; China and Greece by nearly three times; Germany, Guatemala and French West Indies doubled their im- ports, and Costa Rica more than doubled theirs. Bermuda, Haiti and Hosing Kong increased their imports by one-half or mnore, and' there were, heavy, increases in flour exports: to Belgium, the African possessions, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, dugo- Slavie, Lettonia, Mexico, Newfound- land, the Philippines,'. Portuguese Africa, Sweden and Venezuela. The domestic consumption of flour in Canada, at, the present time, is only about one-quarter of the estimated ca- pacity of Dominion mills, leaving room for an expansive export trade. Developments under way will tend to further widen this scope. In the fu- ture the tendency should become more marked, despite the growth of agri- cultural settlement and the increase in --wheat production, to have a greater proportion of the raw product. leave the Dominion's shores in a manufac• timed form. c olio•� the woodworkwhite, hung some prat- Having all the toys in ene room soil during rainy weather, the plants. , Fertilizing—As soon as the young When setting out the ,distance apart •plants have made some growth and of the rows is a consideration, Rows begin to show signs of blossom buds it three to three and a half feet apart often pays to make an application of should give larger yields per acre than nitrate of soda to the plantation. An rows foie• or five feet apart. The nar- application of this material at the rate rower planting permits of obtaining a of 100 to 150 pounds per acre will full stand of plants earlier in the sea- assist in increasing the set of fruit san and thus gives a larger percent and will do much towards increasing age of older runners than in the wide the size of the individual berries, row system. Soil Preparation—In setting out the In :addition to the application of new plantation several important manure made at planting time, appli- points must be considered Land which cations of nitrates just after the has been cultivated for some years plants are established will hasten runes should be utilized in preference to ner formation in the early part of the land recently in sod as the latter is season, and increase the next year's liable to be infested with white grub, crop by causing increase in the num- a pest difficult to control. Thorough her of .fruits per plant. This should preparation of the land with regard to be applied between the plants and plowing and harrowing is, of course, care taken, not to get too much of the an essential, and a heavy application material in contact with the leaves, of manure, twenty-five to, thirty tons a cause of burning of the foliage. This per acro, should be given and plowed material is readily soluble end rapidly under. goes into solution with the soil water, Selecting Plants --Following the soil 'specially on cultivation. - Time to Check Up. Put On Paint to Stay. Any production expert will agree that when there is a real need for a new machine which wile speed up pro- duction, do a better job in less time, and eliminate labor and •waste, the money invested in, such a machine is a good investment. It will increase the earnings of his factory, The moan on the farm is primarily a production expert. The principles which hold truein the ease of the factory manager hold true in the case of the farm manager. When the Than on the farm has a real need for a ma- chine to speed up his production and bring about othereconomies, he pays for that machine, whether he buys it or not. Perhaps he has a machine on the - place which was purchased for some specific purpose, and all that is nec- essary to put the machine back in good operating order is an overheat- ing verheuling and the addition of a few new parts. The repair on such a machine is then a splendid investment. But he map have an old machine which is worn out. It may not be capable of doing a good job, even if it is'ther- e ougbly overhauled and repaired. There may be too much play in the gears and bearings, and. the complete repair of the machine may cost more than a new machine would cost. It then be- comes an economy to discard the old and take on the new. This is a ques- tion for every production man to de- cide for himself: - Not long ago it was found that com- paratively new paint was peeling from under the edge of the roof of a fine Nebraska farm home. Froin, a. point about two feet below the roof edge, the paint stuck as it should. But from there up it was curling ori t painting has been suggested as a{ be realized by farmers would be for in 1 h flakes. What the t ifble'r' method for reducing the cost of farm a small number of them to buy paint - shortage of farm labor. Spray paint- as is the practice with motor trucks, era can be developed in a short time. threshing machines and the like ex The spray machine is well suited for pensive, less frequently used ma' painting learns and outbuildings on chines. rough lumber. There are many broad ' In some localities progressive paint - expanses of unbroken surface an'd era operate a portable spraying outfit comparatively little fine work or and go from place to piece painting change in colors. Little, if any more dwellings, barns. and other buildings. with three coats of good varnish. A The children are contented and self - floor treated in this way makes a sur- amused, and the busy mother has not fade that is easily cleaned and nice to to answer quite so oftsn,that difficult play on. Then I cut out suitable pie- question, "What shall I do?" byhand methods tures from magazines, mounted them Of course every house cannot have Why not apply the pri Berl f co-; and is terd than on brown paper and put them on the a children's room, but some corner operationato painting? made rough farm! and thetim piece of work results ne walls, Iii this room I put the toy should be theirs, a portion of the has baimost impossible mss of lumber. half the d pt The Spraying machine chest, which had previously been in, living -room or the kitchen. They It is almost to paint these is well adapted to roof work becausee, the living -room, all of their toys, two should. have a table, a book -shelf, and buildings 'with brushes. ,.'he lack of i there is a wide expanse of surface, no g d' to be cut and the slut tables and their own little chairs. a box for toys. I have been in houses. paint causes rapid and costly depre- sharp linesP Here my little girls seem very happy. where 'there was a.drawing-room, a dation. The recently developed me- that should be used' is thin fn con- They have taken a great interest in' dining -room, a den and a:sewing-room, chanical or spray p rintimig outfits, ore ideal cy, all combining to make an the room themselves, and in keeping but the children's toy box was in the a co-operative spirit, will overcome ideal spraying combination. it tidy. It has given them a hew in- ldtchen, and the "help" refused to this condition, save millions in repairs; Mechanical painting can be done inr tareat in their hone. They feel that have the lid opened for the toys to be mean ill imierthbuildingsfor live stoclt a fraction of the time required fort 's room is their very own. Every; taken out. The children wandered and will improve the appearance and hand brushing, the paint is spread this has that love of posies- all over the house, getting into every- P human being p value of the farm. more uniformly, the coating is heavier sion, whether it be for a bedroom, a body's way, or went out and bothered Spray painting is apparently un- and the work more durable, provided bookshelf, or only a box --sone spot, the neighbors. Children must have known to farmers. It hes been, esti- properlyrfchosen paints ere used and per cent. of the farm- surfaces suitably prepared. During to call his own. A few suggestions something to do, they should be ind mated that 96.1given by me, while busy in the kitchen, terested in what they are doing and ere use brushes for painting. Three and nine -tenths per cent. apply paint with a spray to some extent, In a recent survey of farm districts, it was found that 54.9 per cent. of end of a spray painting 'outfit. Farm over a thousand farmers interviewed, boy§s could be trained to operate the dotheirown painting, either entirely machine and' o e painting or the pest few years there has been a, as to a good place to put dolly's cradle they need a place in which to do it, very gnat growth cico-operation. or into which drawer to put dolly's I have found a children's room a great The managers of local the usss clothes, are training these little girls help toward this end, associations could handle 'business Soil Fertility Experiments. Neutralizing Clceam for h' d all th t' f Ruttermakin . tl A f l 1 1 ge members of the organization An The work conducted by the Dept g or partly. par •icuiai y er pro- of Chemistryof the O. A. College on. Dain scientists have demonstrated portion of the farm painting is done equitable charge could be made for the threepermanent, distantly located ex- the fact that the churningof asteur- by the farmers themselves when the use of the machine and pay for the B owner operates the farm. operatives. Each farmer could assist perimental fields has demonstrated a ized cream causes loss of butter fat Tho painting is done mostly by in moving scaffolding, and :mixing number of points of interest to farm- and gives a poor quality of butter semi -spilled labor. Much of the strut- paints, so that labor cost would be era. tural surface is clapboarded. Many very small. 1. That nitrate of soda is the beat of the surfaces are of rather rough Another plan whereby the advan- source of nitrogen at present available lumber with many cracks. Spray tages of mechanical painting might for mangela. 2. That phosphene acid gives good paying returns in a four-year Vete- tion. 8. That on the heavy clay of the Welland Experimental Field acid phosphate gave little or no better re - age a et. is was rr painting and for overcoming the ting machines, and do custom work, It erss this: The night before the painters got to this side there was a shower with wind. The surface was well soaked. But when the sun came out the next morning it quickly dried the boards and the paint was applied. That is, most of the area was dried. But the strip shaded by the overhang of the roof was still damp when the paint was put on and within four!! unless time cream has been neutralized in the process curing. When butter is made from unpasteurized cream, neutralization is unnecessary. Mr. W. F. Jones, Chief of the Division of Dairy Manufactures, Dairy and Cold Storage Branch, Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa, has prepared a pamphlet on this subject, designated Pamphlet No. 52, New Series. sults than the raw rock phosphate, The process of neutralization is not 4. That on the Dunkirk sand of the one that cart be carelessly carried out, Norfolk County Experimental Field, as it requires an intelligent obsery raw rock phosphate gives as good re- cues of the details of testing cream sults as acid phosphate, or acidity, preparation of neutraliz-- 5. That phosphoric acid is one of ing solution and its application, dee most conditions; `=' English d the limiting factors in crop produc- termination of the required amount, months the damage was' apparent. Use Home Grown Reel Green lumber, as many know, some- i axil that secured' aeries times causes paint to peel. But it is' Clover Seed. I portion of the red` clover areas in the �_ a good plan to give the first coat just Red clover seed has been a failure United States has been less hardy as soon as possible, to check any or partial failure during the past sea-' than Canadian grown seed. �{� the Drill in Good Order. shrinkage. Before starting with the son in a great many districts wheee; Seed from Sweden and the North- p paint, go over the wood with a stiff; seed is usually produced. Such a ern States have compared quite favor- How many times while dry and clean brush and dust out all condition always means danger for the ably with our own. farmers in Canada, particularly het Because of the difficulty of securing those sections where severe winters accurate information as to the origin sometimes interfere with our red of imported red clover seed, our Can- adian farmers are urged to secure The danger to which I refer is that locally grown seed where possible, of securing imported red clover seed providing such seed can be secured from regions where sorts, non -hardy reasonably free from noxious weeds. for our conditions, are produced. A et would be much more profitable to g q y,,, local seed, If one possesses the ability to take shortage of domestic red clover seed plant a larger uantit of on the American continent always the germination of which was impair- expect it to, each winter I jack them his tractor apart and get it together means heavier importation of foreign ed to some extent, than to take a up 'on the barn floor so the wheels can) again without any surplus pieces or Seed has been coming from chance of winter killing in the case of he turned easily. Then I can note parts left over, it will serve as a fine seed. France and Italy and therein lies, at imported clovers, the origin of which just how the adjustments are working, and profitable winter.job at which he least in part, our danger. was not known.—G. P. McRostie, Do - Tests of the relative hardiness of . domestic and. foreign red clovers have see tion on the light soils of the Dunldrk thein g and the temperature of the cream the corners and crevices. If you follow the first coat too soon with the second, the skin of the first -will roll up. When mixing paints yourself, keep a small sample of the first batch in a bottle, Then compare subsequent colors with this to be sure of a per- fect match., Denmark. is promoting legislation requiring that every egg exported from and imported. into that country be plainly marked. when adding the neutralizer. Four neutralizing agents are recog- nized and their preparation and appli- oation described. a These are quick motoringlime, hydrated lime, sodium bicarbon- through the country do you see a field ate (baking soda), and a commercial of grain where the drill went wrong? product known as Wyandotte. Each time I see this, I am impressed • This pamphlet, which is available that the owner of that farm is care - lose. These observations have led me to a practice which may not be justified, but which has gotten to be a sort of habit. To make sure that the drill or corn planter is doing its work as we at the Publications Branch, Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa, will be found particularly useful to creamery butter - makers. . —9� Look Into the Tractor. minion Agrostologist. been conducted on the Experimental s FOUNDATION PLANTING Farina for a number of- ,cera past, The compass that guides the shi EVERGREENS Without exception, French and Italian of the farmer into worth -while per clovers have winter killed badly under le the properly kept farm record. A long name, difficult to spell and awkward to pronounce, may very eas- ily prevent a very, beautiful plant from becoming known to the ordinary gardener. Many of the evergreens are afflicted with difficult nomenclature, although most of themes have a common name if one can only become familiar with it. Of the long list of evergreen trees iseged by the Horticultural Di- vision of the Ontario Agricultural College, tea are referred to as being particularly suitable for foundation an attractive oriental appearance, as- sumes a rather tall, pyramidal form, presenting a pleasing and striking effect at all -times of'the year. ' The junipers include the Swiss, Banns and prostrate. The Swiss Juniper-, Juniperus suesica, develops in an artistic conical shape. Tuniperus eabina, is neoie procumbent in. foim' and is particularly fine for slopes or rocky soil. Juniperus prostrate, sal dem exoeeds.four feet in height and: throw's out long trailing branches. It; planting and for groups or individual is native to almost every province mi plants placed upon the lawn..• The Canada. It is particularly valued as'' kinds thus selected are extremely a ground cover for sandy and rocky hardy, Furthermore, they will res- soil in exposed situations. pond' better than deciduous trees to The dwarf mountain pine, Pinus I Poor soil. This may explain the, muerte is variable in habit, usually choice of the pine .that has been nude low, remaining a prostrate shrub. .ft ' to reclothe sandy areas that aro non is especially useful •for foundation productive throughout the country planting and for individual plants in ; Furthermore, these evergreens may he corners of the lawn, transplanted with, .success either in One cypress is recommended in the eapring in f -all; Dwarf, varieties ie- dwarf class. `Tile'.Tapainese Cypress, elude different species of the cedar,tRetinasphora plumose filifere, as - the juniper, the pine, the cypress, and scones a low habit of growth, it is the yevv,. bluish grey in color and has'. spread-. The'Globe cedar, Thuja occ. globose ing habit. and the Globe Ware's Cedar, Thuja The Yew provides two desirable, vice globose Warreene, are particu- species, the Canadian Ysw. ,Taxus laxly desirable for foundation planting canadensis, is a low shrub; diffuse and' 4a' planting at the foot of a group that straggling, occasionally ascending to' reach to greater height. They branch a height of six feet. h s mai. t� as low, present a dense globosa form amid antrum a reddish tint in winter. The e bright green foliage. ' This variety, Japanese Yew, Taxis cuspidate, is although bushy, has long and slender, rather more impressive in its form gringly ramified branches, which than the Canadian sort, reaching a 7oduce'en irregular outline. The greater height. Both of the varieties ' -rd variety of the cedar Is the pyre- of the Yew are hsr-dy throughout nidal, Thuja Oi'ientalis ibota pyre Eastern Cabtede. midalia, This well known cedar has --Canadian Horticultural Council. p is and hew each hole is delivering its can devote a good many hours. A portion of the seed. The plates in the tractor which has gone through a planter can also be studied so that summer's campaign, ought to have the when I go into the field next spring valves ground and carbon removed. with these implements I am 'pretty This is not a difficult task, and pro - certain that they will do the thing perly done, it will repay the fanner in giving greater efficiency from this power plant It is possible also that some of the I wantthem to do.—S. A. P. FRUIT FARMS OF THE MARITIMES Above is a view of one of the pros- perous fruit farms along the line of the D. A• 11. •The inset photograph Shows why the farm is in such a flourishing condition, while the scene. below is one of another and typical Nova Scotlan'farm. bearings may require attention. Here. more skill is necessary. Should they be in bad shape, it might be wise to have an expert to -do the work, al though a careful man could probably do the job satisfactorily. This, how- ever, is the time to give attention to these things in order to have the ma- chinery ready for the work when it comes. Poultry Parasites. During the past year there was an increasing demand for information in regard to diseases and parasites, so says Prof, W. R. Graham of the Poul- try Dept. O.A.C. The two common sources of the spread of disease are the drinking water and the soil. Wherethe lien manure is placed in the barnyard or in other places where the birds can scratch it over, or where there is barnyard water, that the birds can drink, disease occurs fre- quently. Many people are careless in regard to the two points mentioned. Internal parasites are fairly sure to give trouble if the young chickens are reared. year after year en the same ground. • - The free -launch counter has been ta- booed in the tavern; farmers should follow by removing it :from the dairy barn: When washing colored stockings a. pinch of salt added to the water will hcllp thein to retain their color much longer. Out How Much? Mliiistem-'The treasurer, who was to have made n report, alas not appear- ed, so' we'll. consider. -the Sunday Scheel •alit." Inquisitive Member --- 'Out how much, may I asks" a Energetic use of soap and water is suggested by a Canadian'prefessor as, a preventive of ,cancer of the skin.