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The Seaforth News, 1924-12-11, Page 3Adtlross communications to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide Sts West, Toronto WHY STOCK NEED SALT AND IODINE. 'To -day the numerous problems of animal nutrition are receiving more attention than formerly, and the min- eral needs of livestock are coming in for a great deal of study: Investiga-` tors have recentlymad'e important dis-: coveries which show that the import ante of minerals to animal growth and maintenance has been greatly enderestimated in the past. Common salt, for- instance, is so necessary to normal growth and health that it is next to impossible to overestimate its importance. The mineral needs of livestock, so far as the farmer himself is concern- ed, are eoinuaratively simple, being eupp'lied mainly and sufficiently in the feed. Those that are for any rea- son deficient, moreover, maybe safely and cheaply supplied in pure form, thus eliminating part of the expense and all of the possible danger involved in the purchase and use of mineral mixtures of unknown value. -SALT Es3ENmeth To. CORRECT DIGESTION. Most farmers provide salt for their live stock with but little thought as to why they do it. :They know that farm animals in either barn or pasture, if not supplied with salt, will in a short time beeeme "stilt hungry;" Salting stock is a habit that has been handed down to ue, from the dim and distant past; a Habit that is followed in a sort of hit-or-miss manner by a majority of feeders, without much thought be- ing paid to amounts needed, what for, and why. Here are the reasons why salt is absolutely necessary if farm animals aro to thrive as they should, as explained by Prof. E. B. Hart. "It is necessary to supply salt to live stock for the reason that the farm crops and mill feeds they eat are very low in the &lenient chlorine, that par- ticular element that common salt sup- plies very cheaply and in easily avail- able form. The main use of salt is to make the hydrochloric acid found in the digestive juice of the stomach of all animals. This substance is ab- solutely essential if that organ is to properly perform its digestive func- tion, but 'without salt in sufficient quantity the acid cannot be manufac- tured in the amounts necessary, and digestion is certain to be impaired. Experiments have plainly demon- strated that the dairy cow, for ex- ample, cannot get along without re- ceiving salt in quantity. Diminished milk flow and generally impaired physical condition soon follows if salt is not included in the ration she.re- ceives." There are a number of practical ways of supplying salt. The common- est and simplest, and the way most generally employed by farmers, is to keep rock salt or block salt, where each animal can help itself at will. This method servos- better in pasture than in the barn; however. In ,winter salt may be sprinkled on coarse and, unappetizing roughageto make stock "lick it up clean."' Some farmers make it a practice to salt their clover hay as it is put into the, mow. Others find that the prepared stock feeds they buy contain all the salttheir animals need. A point to be remembered is that young stock need salt every bit as much, and perhaps more, than older stock. Do they always get it? We know of many dairymen who dilli- gently salt their milk cows, but who supply none whatever to their grow- ing calves. matter; PREVENTS GOITRE. -Throughout the region of the Great Lakes we find that live stock suffer extensively from goitre. This trouble may develop before birth and cause difficulty in breathing in the new-born offspring dering the growing period: Goitre occurs in colts, calves and lambs as a inore or less marked swell- ing of the thyroid gland situated on the throat just back of the angle of the jaw. In new born pigs it is indi- cated not so much by swelling of the throat as by, absence of hair—the "hairless pigs" so common during the past few years. Though the specific cause of hair- lessness of pigs has not yet been fully determined by scientists, it has been conclusively proved that the trouble can be entirely prevented by supply- ing a small amount of extra iodine in the rationfed to sows during the ges- tation period. Farm crops, unless they are grown in regions bordering close to the 'seashore, do not contain enough of this element. Perhaps this may explain the prevalence of the trouble in the north central states. To prevent hairlessness of pigs, Professor Hart recommends that the brood sows be given -one-third of an ounce of potassium iodide in each 100 pounds of grain 'mixture, both before and during the gestation period. As a goitre preventive for all farm ani- mals, he advises farmers to give one- tenth of a pound of either potassium or sodium iodide (use whichever one is the cheaper) for each 1,000 pounds of grain mixture. Due to the small ' amount' of extra iodine in either of these forms that is required to pre- vent the trouble, the cost for drugs is negligible, and the fine results oh- -tabled therefrom are remarkable in view of the simplicity of the treat- ment. al-l.D, Vrlllea IA1 ,- 'ated OU lalie near Berlin. The inventor spent several ears f stud. before sue. 1 Y 0 Y cess was readied, h try to remain entirely' hidden; in fact , they try to attract attention by ex - THE CHIL.DRE1`d'S posing hands or arms, or by peeping FlDUF2 from behind trees or round corners, even their faees. _ — RytWhen "it" thinks that he recognises GUARD OFF. a paayer he usually begins to move backwards towards home base, keep - "Guard off".is an elaboration of the mg his eyes on the player he sees simple game of hide and seek, but it until he feels certain that he is near requires much greater vigilance and enough o home base to get there first,' bettor judgment on the part of the when he' calls out the name and adds player who ks "iti",for the reason that a brief description of the place where ' he must not only catch three of those he sees the player—forexample, who are in hiding but so manoeuvre "Billy Jones behind the big elm'— while away from the home base as to and immediately runs to home base,] prevent the escape of any players on which he pats three times with his whom he has already caught. It also hand and calls "One -two -three for requires better judgment and more in Billy Jones." The player whose hid-' genuity on the part of those in hiding. ing place "it" has described must im- f i Any number can play guard off, and mediately step into view. If it really' ' its requirements are so simple that is Billy Jones he should try to reach; virtually no preparation is necessary, home base, if he thinks he has a You will need a. `guard" in the shape chance, before "it" can get there and of an old broomstick, or any other pat him out. If Billy can do it, he similar piece of wood, of such weight can free himself by seizing the broom and length that you can throw it stiek guard and throwing it as far as some distance. It should stand with he can, and while "it" runs to get the. one end on the ground and with the guard and replace it Billy may hide other end leaning against'a fence post, again, If "it" gets to home base first a tree trunk or any other object that and counts. him out, Billy is caught you choose for the home base. The and must remain there- under guard player who is to be "it" is chosen by by the broomstick until the required drawing lots or preferably by some number of three are caught. "counting -out" scheme like' "Eeny,! ' If when "it" calls ",Billy Jones be- meeny, miny, mo." :•hind the big elm" the player so de - "It" -covers his eyes and while he scribed steps into view and proves to counts one hundred, in the usual man- be some other player, say Sam Brown, ner the other players run and hide, then both Billy Jones and Sam Brown either singly or in groups of two or are "free," but they must go to the more as in hide and seek, but they home base and stay there until three must find their places of concealment are properly caught. The advantage within a limit or bound that has been of being mistaken for some one else agreed upon before the game begins, is that neither you nor he will be re - Having finished counting, "it" calls quired to serve as the next it' unless "All ready!" to notify the hiders that the two of you are returned to hiding he is coming. He must then try to by the guard's being "off" as de - find those who are in hiding. When scribed below, when they may be he sees one he first tries to make sure caught in the regular manner. The who it is, because the players may first one caught of the required three change hats or coats, or otherwise try; is, always the next "it". to disguise themselves. They do not' Here comes the most pleasing adai A F MST PARTY BY MYRTLE SAMIS ON TRACHSEL. If you are considering entertaining at New Year's, why not plan to give a Futurist Party? It would be time- ly and could be made to be very amus- ing. The invitation might be some- thing like this: We shall be delighted if you will join us at oar Futurist Party • Time: Wednesday; December 31st, at 8.30 o'clock Place: Cour Reuse Costumed Anything you think might be worn at any .time in the future. The name and address should be added in the lower, left corner. Themore amazingly queer your party can be the better. In .other words, do not do any of the things that are eustomary. Refreshments should come first instead of at the ciao of the evening; but they must be light if sereed at this hour. 'fits guests should sit about a table- cloth, spread on the floor, and food than can be (mien without forks or spoons should be served. Coffee or cocoa should appear in bouillon cups or deep saucers at the left of each place. Ice cream and olives might come first, the cake .following with the sandwiches. It would be well to 'arrange the de- corationa in festoons of green and red crepe paper. If it is possible to ob- tain evergreen boughs, it would be even better. To carry out the fatur- istic atmosphere you canhave a series of "paintings" in colored crayon or :black and white on paper and placed •prominently about the room. These can be done by anyone with or with- out artistic ability. A reward for. guessing their titles should be offered later inthe evening. The•master of .ceremonies might be a young man queerly dressed, perhaps with false whiskers upside down, wearing a coat with a ruffled tail. He should be introduced as Professor Looker BeyonNky. It is the profes- sor wholeads in,the Tames. The first surprise, after the refresh- ments, is met upon being taken to view the menagerie of the future. The pre- beessor explains that gradually .the asts and birds of to -day will become �. extinct, as have many of the creatures of past ages, and that other animals will take their place. Ono by one he Dhows' each guesta new animal through his teleseope, a drawing made by odd combinations :of circles and crooked lines. Then everyone is as- signed to the task of constructing the nearestthing to what he saw. A table of supplies is brought in, and the guests are put to work, selecting whatever they wish from the collec- tion of prunes, potatoes, carrots, cu- cumbers, nuts, corks, grapes, raisins, cranberries, peppers, toothpicks, hair- pins, feathers, crepe paper, and all sorts of odds and ends. When the menagerie IS completed the delighted professor, rewards the cleverest with a suitable prize. The "Walls of the Auto" is then be- gun. The professor explains that, it is so named because in years to come, through the process of evolution, the automobile will lose its sense of smell and all but one of its. feet. The first person tagged bythe professor, who starts' the game, becomes "It" There is: no base or safe place in the room, but a -player cannot .be tagged if he Is holding his nose with his right hand and the toe of his left foot, with his left hand: This position must not be held after "It" has .passed the players, and if "It" turns around suddenly the position must be resumed. Just before midnight, noise makers should be distributed. As each guest' receives his souvenir, he is requested to make some important resolution which he is to keep for the next hun- dred years. Before the party breaks up, a "night-cap" is served. This could be a cup, of steaming bouillon, with crackers, or hot coffee. Such a cour- tesy would be appreciated by those go- ing out into the cold. • Keep Faith .Alive. There may, not be a.Santa Claus As real persons go, But quite a while one ought to pause Ere telling children so. For he who says there is none such (In spirit or in truth) Lies every single bit as much To sweet and trustful youth • As he who says Kriss Kringle lives And moves amongst us here- He lives in every heart that gives A gift,with love, my dear! Turkeys were first eaten at Christ- mas in .1524. Before they came into favor boars' heads and peacocks were the popular Christmas, dishes. Hone E :kation 'The Child's First &moot to the Fainlie"--Froehel." The Dignity of Earning Money—By Esther H. Doolittle why not let the children earn people surely do not count. From money? Very eerier' with • pins and them come the wasters arid many of pennies as, the medium of exchaneee the failures .of our communities, they begin of their own accord to con- For girls,baby tending and house - &let stores and show. yUt " ' '-"' work, such as dishwashing, dusting, use of this tendency by teaching the and table setting are poasible tasks. child to do something well enough to Even little girls can be successfully earn a' pecuniary reward? Sinee taught to do some useful things about money is in the world to stay, let us the house, and for the elder girl the show the little ones hour to regard it oppoitunities are practically limitless. sanely, as a means to an end, and how A money making "enterprise for her. to use it to further their own advance- may be the cooking of one or more rent ,and growth. home-made foods --cookies, rolls; nut It is, surely an evidence of develop- Bread, candy, salad dressing',' and ment when a child earns by his own orange marmalade. laboe the wherewithal' to purchase The establishment of a regular birthday and Christmas gifts for trade, learning to -keep accounti, friends and relatives. No amount of ae--Iee to'r-as i0e a fair profit, pur- given money can produce the same chasing supplies, keeping the- ma- feeling of satisfaction and self-respect terials separate from the house supe his own earnings do, when be is al- plies, and tidying the kitchen after lowed to spend them for someone he work is done are all benefits quite loves. I aside from any financial considera- To learn that money does not grow, I tions, ner in some magical way flow into A girl who draws well will be able Dad's pocicet, but comes as a result of to make place cards to order. Also service rendered- is to take an im most housewives are in constant need portant step in life's journey. To de- of well made, reasonably priced hold- velop in a child the feelings of inde ers and aprons. pendence and self-reliance is to give; It goes without. saying that money him an invaluable equipment, , earning must not be allowed to inter- Here nterIsere are a few definite ways and fere with a child's playtime nor to as means of earning money. For the sure too important' a" position in his, small bey, running errands, feeding scheme of things, neither should it de- animals, and simple duties about the teriorate into. the bribing habit. The house and garden suggest theineelves. child should be made to realize that As he grows older, fire tending, wood his own money malting schemes are in carrying, show shoveling, lawn row-: no way connected with the many ,ser- ing, lettuce, celery or cress growing, `vices ho can do for Mother. If Mother chicken raising, and selling papers or wishes Son to help her or to run el, magazines take precedence. ;rands, she should be met with instan- It is a mistake to feel that a boy'taneous and glad response and not must not "peddle" his work among the question, "How much will you give friends and neighbors, providing, of me?" All of us know families in which course his work is useful, necessary, the policy of bribingchildren is car - and reasonably priced. Broad-minded rued too far. If this pitfall is avoided, and thinking people will -respect a there is nothing more salutary for the child who shows an inclination to pro- child than the self-reliance and knowl- duce rather than only to consume the edge which come through working for world's commodities, The thoughtless himself: NOVEL STARTS To begin the New Year 'Millets a good augury of ending it well. Unfortunately, it does not always pan :out so; but, all the same; there is no reason why ; the start shcnld not be a good one: In present circumstances it ie par- ticulaily interesting to knew how the New Year is •laueched at Gibraltar, the Key :to.the Mediterranean. it, is very simple but no less in- spiriting. On New Year's Eve the whole of. the population turn out to await the appearance of the Governor. Punctually on the stroke of mid- night his Excellency, with his wife and •a party, appear on the portico of Government House. He receives quite an ovation, the assembled towns- people greeting, him with ringing cheers. I "mem SMILING MORN. i Then the Governor thanks them: for their cordial welcome, which' is the signal for another outburst of cheer- ing. This is followed by more cheers for the Governor's wife and for the King. Having thus entered the New. Year on ite, twelve months of travel, the people disperse to their homes. Much more elaborate aro the New Year celebrations at one of London's leading' hotels. In normal times a . grand banquet is given to the patrons of the establislunent, At five minutes . to twelve the lights are all turned out, , while, led by an invieible orchestra, all - present join in singing "Shculd Auld Acquaintance Be Forgot?" :. At the twelfth stroke of 'midnight the lights are all suddenly turned on again, and the strains of "Dail, Smiling Morn" break out from the orchestra. 'A ball follows, the guests tripping lightly through the first hours of the new-born year. At a certain Southport: establish- ment there is quite et unique opening of the New Year. For this occasion ]only the usual order is reversed, the ' staff becoming the guests and the lat- ter the attendants on them.: tion to the old geme of hide and seek. All those who have been caught or who are "free" must remain at home in the cellar depends to a consider - base under care of the broomstick able extent en a ventilation system that is e guard until some other player, say Joe ventilation controlled. The Do - Scott, who has been hiding, makes a minion .Apiarist, Mr. C. B. Gooder- run for home base and, gets there be- ham, points out in a pamphlet on fore the one who is "It" can get there. „ Joe bs the broomstick, throws. it Wintering Bees in Canada that the na atmosphere must .not be either too as far as he can and calls "Guars moist or too dry, and that the tem - off"; and then he and all those who perature should be maintained as have been under guard, including; nearly uniform as possible: Very dry Billy Jones and Sam Brown, run and hide again before rt can recover the conditions more especially towards the end of a long winter, has a detrimen- guard and replace it, tal effect on the health of the bees. 'e _ rain. The stores under such condition may Changing Feed—drain. lose so much water from evaporation Mr. L. H. Newman, Dominion Cere that the bees are unable to remove ealist, reeommends farmers who con- 'them from the cells and the colony template changing their seed to pro- may die in consequence. Some cellars, cure some first class registered seed Mr. Gooderham points out, are fitted through the Canadian Seed Growers' Association, and to test this in com- parison ooparison with their own. This, Mr. Newman points out, is a relatively in- expensive practice which might well ventilation only, when properly oper- be adopted periodically by every farm- ate -a. The trouble with such a sys- Ventilating the. Bee Cellar. The satisfactory wintering of bees with an air intake from outside, en- tering the cellar at or near the floor in addition to. the chimney outlet. This, it is claimed, provides good er and with all classes of field crops. Don't hang' lighted Chinese lanterns or candles on the Christmas tree. CHAMPION SWINE BREEDERS OF WESTERN CANADA CHAMPION SWINE BREEDERs OF WESTERN CANADA The six boys in the photograph were wining teams in the Boys' and Girls- Swine Club oonipetitious ' in Western Canada. This is a dietinction in itself, as the clubs number 30 and have a membership of more than 500. Each pair of boys represents one of thee throe Prairie Provinces. Following the provincial competitions in West- ern Canada they were brenght to Toronto by the'Canadien National Railways to compete at the Royal Winter Ag- ricultural Show for a cup and medals donated by Mr. W. D. Robb, who is seen' in the centre of the group. . Mr. Robb, who is vice-president inehar e of Colonization and Development of the Cana den National Railways, present- ed , 1 �. , •t i Ys, 1 eel the cup for annual competition as an encouragement in'developing swine husbandry in Western Canada. The cup and medals, also shown in the ph otograph, were won by the two boys on the left:, tem is that it acts Ieast when most wanted and most when least required. In cold weather, when warm moist air is needed, cold dry air is drawn in strongly through the smallest opening, while in mild weather when cool dry air is desirable very little air will enter through a much larger opening and this is comparatively warm and• moist. It is therefore necessary for best results that the ventilators be kept almost closed in cold weather and open wide in mild .weather. Thus they need frequent adjusting in parts }where mild weather •alternates with cold during the winter. In regions where the weather remains steadily cold throughout the winter, the ven- tilators do not need much attention. It is good practice to keep the bee cellar temperature rather low, about 42 deg. F., because it is found that a higher temperature is liable to make the bees restless, especially towards spring. It ie unlikely, however, that bad results will follow a slightly high- er temperature up to 46 to 48 degrees during the early part of the winter, reduced to 42 degrees as spring ap- proaches,, Dried Beef Cure. Get the tender side of the round out of a good 'fat beef, For 'every 20 pounds of beef, take one pint of salt. a teaspoonful of saltpetre and a quar- ter of a pound of brown sugar. Mix these well, rolling out any lumps; di- vide into three equal parts and rub well into the beef for three successive days. Turn beef daily in the liquor it will make. It should not make much, but what there is 'rub into and pile on the beef. Rub a little extra salt into the hole cut for the string to hang it by. At the end of a week hang in a dry, rather warm place, till it stops drip- ping, then in a cooler dry place. Do not smoke it; it spoils the flavor. Be- fore flies come in the spring, wrap in paper, and put it in a stout bag with the string out to hang by. If it molds some in summer, scrape and scrub the mold off and always trim -the outside before chipping. If somegenius would devise ways and means whereby we could' enjoy the things. we have, this would not be a bad world to live in, No, scheme of industrial develop- ment meat should receive public'commenda:- tion unless it gives first consideration to the health of all people concerned. BREAD AND BACON. They not only have to 'serve, but also to cook the fare provided, which is considered the greatest amusement of a1L The amateur cooks create some ludicrous scenes, everybody entering heartily into the spirit of the occasion. It is only fair to add that the feast, so far from evoking criticism, is thor- oughly enjoyed by. the temporary " "guests." An old -tithe custom of distributing bread and bacon on New Year's Day ietegularly .observed at Tatton Hall, Knutsford, Cheshire, the seat of Lord Egerton of Tatham The distribution takes place at the estate office, the bread being made in huge loaves varying in size, according to the number in each recipient's fam- ily. For providing the bacon which accompanies the bread, pigs are spe- cially bred on the estate farm: Thus is preserved a custom which, at one time widely observed, has for the most part been consigned to the limbo of the past. At Hunmanby, near Filey, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, there is a quaint custom of distributing New Year's gifts by torchlight. The funds for the purpose are raised by a band of carol -singers, and the recipients are necessitous widows. A PRACTICAL START. The gifts, consisting of groceries, bread and other provisions, are con- veyed on a gaily -decorated waggon. This is escorted through the village by the oarol-singers and their friends, carrying torches, and deciced out in fancy costume, on horseback and afoot. Calls are first made at the houses of the contributors to the fund, sethat they may see how theirmoney has been expended. This round completed, the distribution begins, a parcel being left et the residence of each bene- ficiary. • A curious oustom prevails at the St. Asaph Workhouse. At the first meeting of the Board of Guardians in the New Year it has been the prac- tice for the juvenile inmates to attend and entertain the members with carols and the slutwmg of their Christmas presents. The children are said to look for- ward to this annual parade with great eagerness; but it does not commend itself to one member of the Board who unsuccessfully endeavored to put a stop to it. .Mother'sPie. Almost any housekeeper can make apple pie, but there are good and bet- ter sorts of apple pie. The pamphlet entitled "Canadian -Grown Apples," issued by the Fruit Branch of the De- partment of Agriculture at Ottawa, gives a recipe for Mother's Apple Pie which undoubtedly has merit above some other kinds. IFill the space between the crusts with Canadian -grown apples, sliced thin,.rounding up the slices so as to make a very full pie. Add two or three tablespoons of water and bake in slow oven. When cooked, with a sharp knife cut around the pie be- tween the two crusts and carefully lift off the upper cruet; add one-half cup of sugar,, a few grains of salt, a tablespoon of butter and a -little nut- meg. Mix thoroughly and spread evenly over the fruit. Replace the upper crust, pressing it down to meet the apples, if necessary„ and sift pow- dered sugar over the top. Serve, when; slightly cooled, with cream and sugar.