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The Seaforth News, 1924-04-24, Page 2The. Rainbow -Flowered his The refined and delicate beauty of the modern Iris has been aptly coin - i pared to that of the sky and sea. It is well named the "rainbow flower,", for its various hues, less substantial than the rose, for example, have the limpid quality of a perfect June day, and flush and fade like the rainbow itself. estdress communications to Apronomest, 73 Adelaide. 6t. Wast. Torontl KEEPING YOUNG CHICKS GROWING. A quick maturity means heavy lay - Ing. The pullet that drags along, gaining slowly, very seldom is able to gather enough anergy to make a re- cord. While, a chick properly hatched has a better chance for maturing rapidly,', it is no guarantee unless sub- sequent feed and care are right. Stunted chicks will not respond even to the best of feed. The diet of the chick is practically that of the hen. .The feed that makes eggs will likewise grow bone, muscle and feathers. The food must consist largely of nitrogenous material, bab ancedwith sufficient carbonaceous matter to offset any i11 effect that might result from too much nitrogen. To have early laying pullets in the fall, and vogorous layers all winter, the chickens must be kept growing. If theyeare in good health they will have a growing appetite, and this must be supplied with a liberal quan- tity of the best quality of food in order that they may store up energy. There is nothing better for growing chickens than a good grass range. Here the youngsters not only gather green food and insects, but they are continually exercising. At night their crops are as hard as bullets, and the good night's rest fits them for renew- ed foraging the next day. But the range must have some shade. There must be cool spots where the youngsters can rest on hot sum- mer days. During the cool morning hours you will notice the chicks work- ing on the west side of the tree, and as the afternoon sun strikes under the branches the birds will be found on the east side, and far enough away so they are out of the sun. They fol- low the shade. Berry bushes make good shade, and also protect the chicks from hawks and crows. By all means use growing plants for shade, because they give of moisture which makes the spot cooler than shade obtained in any other way. There is. nothing, better than a range in a corn -field or a large patch of sun -I flowers. Here shade will be found, and there will be plenty of young tender green shoots and fat, delicious bugs and worms. Where natural shade is lacking artificial shelters must be provided. On the ordinary farm the growing chick is too often left to hustle for itself. This is not entirely a bad move, since there is so much grain, etc., about. But the demands made by' the developing bodies of chicks aro great; the materials the chicks have gathered to meet these demands are diverse. The chick in ten weeks shows a gain of 1,500 per cent., and duck- _ ✓_._.... sings may add from 50- to 1'00' per cent. to their weight weekly. This growth is not merely of flesh, fat or soft tissue, for the extensive, strong, bony framework must . be !formed with equal rapidity. Ten per !Fent. of the body of an average fowl I is made up of mineral bone elements OT "as 1"; and the percentage must be much greater in lean, immature birds. Hence you will see that grain is ;not enough for chicks. The ordinary grains will hot supply this ash in the proportion needed. Corn contains only 1r.I per cent. of ash; wheat less than 12 per cent.; wheat screenings or oats, '3 per cent; iniddlings, 3 1-3 per cent; and bran (the richest in this element of grains) carriesless than 6 per cent. To obtain the needed amount o f ash we must either force the fowl to oat large quantities of food, or some foods richer in mineral elements than grains must be provided. If the bone -making material is not abundant, the bones of the bird will- be large, soft and weak, resulting in lameness or de- formity; or the bird will snake slow and unsatisfactory growth. Experiments made at the New York Station show plainly the need of plenty of ash for growing fowls, These Mete indicate that tiny chicks can make good use of such uncommon ele- ments as sand and rock phosphate. Those elements, however, can be more. { easily obtained, in better combination and in more paltable form in mater- ials already recommended by our most successful feeders—fine raw or cooked bone. Every grower of chicks should use constantly some animal meal, green vegetables, clover or alfalfa, and good,. clean grit. Weaklings should be removed from the flock whenever found. Very little is gained in trying to save them, for they seldom become vigorous. They I are an easy prey for parasites and readily contract disease. Rigid selection for vigor should be practiced throughout the life of the chicks, so that no weak or undesirable' specimens will find their way to the breeding -pen. Weak chicks grow into poor breeders. Early roosting should be encour- aged, along with plenty of exercise. Roosts should be placed not more than a foot above the floor when the chicks are about a month old. Early roost- ing will prevent crowding, overheat- ing and smothering at night. Cockerels should be separated from pullets about the time the cockerels. begin nagging. This gives both lots. more room and the cockerels may be fed more heavily. When possible, chicks should he grouped according to age. Above all, the coops and houses must be kept clean and well disinfected, for no chicks will thrive if tormented by vermin. e � • ---_ The British EE� �y a Exhibition The Experimental Farms Branch of the Dominion Department of .'.Nricul- ture will be represented at the British Empire Exhibition by a model Experi- mental farm surrounded by typical scenic work. The space occupied will be 40 by 60 feet. The model will be to scale, and complete as to buildings, fences, roads, shelter belts, rotation fickle, experimental plots, live stock, and horticultural sections. .A display will be made of sheaves of grains, forage crops, fruits, etc., originated, improved or introduced by the Branch. Transparencies, pictorial and other- wise, will give further information as to the services rendered, and a book- let will be distributed for the informa- tion of prospective settlers and others. The exhibit to be made by the Do- minion Live Stock Branch will occupy a space of 128 feet long by eight feet deep. Canadian bacon will be featur- ed in an attractive manner in co- operation with the Canadian Packers, who will keep the exhibit suppliers with this commodity. The 'stocker and feeder business will be presented by means of scenes showing (1) Cattle an Canadian sum- mer pastures; (2) Cattle on the west-; ern range in winter, and (4) flan -1 adian cattle after their transfer to. British. pastures, , Displays will be made of Canadian poultry, eggs and wool. Canadian egg standards will be depicted, as well as the Canadian system of recording the performance of poultry. The wool and textile exhibit will include an ex -1 'hibit of wool from the Prince of. Wales' ranch in the Province of 1 Al- - berta.. Numerous transparencies will illustrate. Canadian farm scenes and typical specimens of live stock. The Seed Branch of the Department' Af Agriculture has collected an exhibit' of seed from commercial sources and plant breeders to exhibit at the Brit -I ish `Empire Exhibition for .the par-' pose ;of showing this branch of Can-: adian industry and stimulating trade in the export of hardy, northern grown seed within the Empire and to Northern European conntr:•ies. There .have been secured fpr this exhibit the prize winning sanipics :from national and international seed shows . including the championship wheat, oats and peas at the Chicago lnternetional, which were all Can- adian -grown exhibits, The plant breeders have supplied samples of Elite stock seed representing the main kinds and varieties originated by them and those in process of improve- ment. From commercial sources, in- cluding the Canadian wholesale seed trade, larger exhibits have been secur- ed showing high grades of cereal grains, alsike and other clovers, grass- es, peas, beans and corn, representa- tive of the qualities of this season's crop, and available for export in car lots. Some 3,000 boxes of apples have been collected by the Fruit Branch to represent Canadian fruit at the exhi- bitiorr. The display will be telt up and maintained by the Exhibition Branch of the Department of Trade and Commerce. Hatching With the Incubator. When using an incubator for the first time, one is fortunate if a high percentage hatch is secured, as ex- perience is needed to be able to follow even the clearest directions in work of this sort. Exhibition Circular No. 2 of the Experimental Farms, recom- mends a well ventilated cellar with a fairly even temperature, as a good location for the machine. In any case, fresh air is necessary, but draughts should be avoided. It is also import- ant, if one has not a suitable collar, that the machine should stand on a floor that does not vibrate when walk- ed upon. To get satisfactory results it is neccssary,to have the conditions right in relation to heat, moisture, cooling, turning, and testing. The Circular to which reference is made, "Artificial Incubation," is obtainable from the Publications Branch, and deals with these poiuls,-and shows by Illustrations and contrast pictures, suitable and unsuitable types of eggs for hatching. An essential point brought out is that the eggs for hatch- ing should be secured from vigorous I well bred stock. With such eggs a , modern incubator; should be depended `upon, if properly handled, to yield a ' good proportion of 'chicks from the eggs entrusted to IL. The radical is usually the man who likes to blame somebody else Tar his own nnist*altee. To garden' lovers. this flower makes a strong appeal. To -clay it is held in rlr higher esteem t twenty-five or thirty years ago, due in no small degree to the introduction of varieties that are far more attractive than the old blue flag and other'niedi- ocre kinds in grandmother's garden. I It is just as easy to grow a good iris as an ordinary one, so we should harden our hearts and dismiss with a blessing some of the older varieties that have ,done good service in the , past but are now far eclipsed. The tall, bearded irises, to which this article refers, are among the most satisfactory of garden plants. First, Ithe iris is a plant of unusual.distinc- tion both as regards flower and foli- i age. It flowers abundantly, and in all hues and tones of lavender, mauve and purple. Then there are white, cream, pale yellow, deep yellow, and combinations of these. Second: The irises of this type are entirely hardy, need no winter pro- tection, and increase rapidly. This iris is not exacting as to soil or loca- tion. It will thrive anywhere but in sour, wet, low-lying, shady spots. It responds best, however, on the upper level, where drainage is sharp, and on soil of light to medium texture. Where well grown, it is not likely to hp seriously affected either by disease or insects.. - . That these are strong qualifications, all will admit, and justify our advo- cating a, more general use in garden planting. The best time to plant the iris is either in the early spring or in the month of August. .If it is simply a question of dividing old clumps, or if the $ource of supply of -new plants is. near at hand, planting may be under- taken at any time after the flowering season is over. Ito' planting, the rhizomes "should be set near the surface. The fibrous roots attae,hed to the rhizome should, extend down into the soil on all sides., A good practice is to mound up the soil in the centre of the hole and set the rhizomes on this,. The iris may be given a place in any perennial border, whether long or short, wide or narrow. If the space will, permit, it is a good plan to plant medium sized divisions: of one variety two feet apart in groups of three to five plants. Repeatedat regular in- tervals in a long border, the plants. form accent points or centres of at- traction because of their marked di- vergence from other types. A fine effect is often produced by planting with a 1 ackground of flowering shrubs such as lilac and spires. The well- known variety pallida Dafetatica, a clear lavender with flower stems four feet high, bearing from three to five gigantic flowers, combined with the wisteria vine or the apricot -flowered Oriental poppy, Mrs. Perry, will pro- duce a color combination worth a long trip to see. -The, Ontario Horticultur- al Association, One Hour's Carelessness. "I don't think much of these colony brooders," said Careless John, yawn- ing wearily. "I tried them outlast summer and it didn't. seem to me that they saved any work to speak of. Just kept ire running down to the corn- field seeing if things were all right.: And, at the end of the season, I didn't; have any more chickens that I had, when I let the hens take care of 'ems"' The county representative had been) trying to impress on John's mind the importance of brooders, and the profit- in poultry. ' But John was not inter -I ested. First of all, he didn't like- the; bother of so many hens all sunnmerj with their broods of little chicks, ands when the agent had suggested the use, of the colony -house system, John said the colony house was a joke; he `knew all about them" because he had failed} to make them go, and according to his logic, anything that wouldn't work itself into money for him, wasn't] Ile yawned again "worth its salt" and stretched hisl s� arms slowly. "Why, I had two -of; themcolony houses last year, neighb'or,i and put them down in the corn -field, just as the Agricultural College fellow told me. Well, the chicks, 300 to each house, were four weeks old when I moved them down there, along about' the first of May. "They got along' fine for a few days,; and then a cold night came along, just as sudden as lightning. The .next morning when I went down there, I found that all the chicks had crowded into one of the colony -house brooders. I thought a weasel had been busy when I first went in. "There was a big pile of dead chicks .A lot were standin' around humped up. and wet as the dickens. I reckon they just sweat themselves to death that night. Anyhow, there ware only about 150 chicks left out of the 600. So,. you can't talk colony houses to me,' neighbor!" The county representative tried to explain to John that the trouble was not due to the colony houses, but to the fact that the chicks had all stamp- edea into one house and smothered themselves to death later in the night. Six hundred chicks will generate n tremendous amount of heat when crowded into one little colony house. Had Careless John taken the trouble to move his colony houses some dis- tance apart, he would not have lost his chicks. It is ben sense for all to. crowd into the smaller of two brood- ers, if two are placed close together. Fowls do not roost by themselves, un- less separated and trained to do so. They all flock together in the smaller brooder, every time. If Careless John had gone down to the Corn -field that cold May night, he would have saved his flock even then, but Jehn wanted to sit down that evening and enjoy himself. His hour's rest cost him a season's profits. Some Recommended Roses. There arc wide differences with re= gard to the susceptibility to disease between the various modern roses. Bulletin 85 of the Experimental Farms, entitled "hardy Roses," names twenty varieties of hybrid teas that are regarded as fairly rosistent to black spot and mildew. Five' of these are Avoca, red; Dean Hole, pink; Etoiie de France, red; Mrs. Harold 11rocklebank, cream; Lady Ursula, pink. In the climbing varie- ties American Pillar is resistant, and Excclsa might take the place of the old Crimson Rambler which is a Sus- ceptible variety. Good pinks are Dor- othy Perkins end Tausendschon. The difference betwesa men " anti motors is that usually motors knock when they go uphill while men goirer- ally knock when they are going down 11111. ISSUE No, 16—'24. Depth to Plant Potatoes. Tho depth at which potato sets are planted has a marked influence on the yield. Shallow planting has been found by test at the Experimental Farms, Ottawa, to give much better results than deep planting. In loose, sandy soil at Ottawa, the most econ- omical depth has been shown to be from four to five inches. At this depth the seed is not disturbed at harrowing the crop soon after planting, to des- troy weeds and conserve moisture. On very light soils liable to dry out a little deeper planting is better. For the early crop, shallow planting Inas an advantage, because the warm surface soil is favorable " to quick growth. Seed planted only one inch deep gave best results, but is not to be recommended for field culture, An experiment was conducted for sevne years in planting potatoes at different depths in rows two and a half feet apart, the sets being placed twelve inches apart in the rows. The sets had at least three eyes each. The soil was sandy, and level cultivation was used in the experiment. When' the sets were planted less than four inches deep, nearly all of the crop was' found between that depth and the sur face of the soil. The best results': were obtained with planting one inch' deep and the poorest at eight inches.' The yields were as follows: one inch, 466 bushels to the acre; two inches, 381; three inches, h s, '105;. four inches, 394; five inches 387; six inches, 377; seven inches, 307; eight inches, 284. The shallow planted seed was given slightly more covering. - s Sprouting Oats in the 'Runs. : This spring and summer, trials will i be made in sprouting oats in the runs so that there may be a constant sup-' r ply of green food available. For this purpose frames are made out of 2x4-' inch scantling, and over the top one-' inch wire netting is tacked, which pre-' vents the fowls from grazing the oats' too closely and also from scratching out the mote. These frames are made of a length convenient to be handled.] The ground is first dug up and manurecl, and the oats planted. From time to time the frames canbe remov ed to new sections of the runs, and a' new supply grown while the hens are finishing up the roots of the old one. p a e, set,, p p,,, ur u, a n h u U m. Soaking tlees the 0 il• JUST by soaking the clothes in the suds gently this is gent y loosened and dissolved. Even the dirt that is ground in at neck- bands and cuff -edges yields to, a light rubbing with dry Rinso, Not a thread is weakened. The mild Rinso suds work thoroughly through and through the clothes without injury to a single fabric. Rinso is made by the makers of Lux. For the family wash it is as wonderful as Lux is for fine things. All grocers and department stores -sell Rinso. LEVER BROTHERS LIMITED, TORONTO R-4-24 How Cracked Eggs May Be Hatched. I often send away for fine eggs for hatching, paying a'. goad price for them. In spite ofthe fact that they are carefully packed, when they reach me some of them will be cracked. For a time my lose in this way was heavy, until I decided upon this plan to save them: I examine each cracked egg care- fully to see whether the skin under the sholl is broken. Ifit is, the egg is worthless, but if the skin is un- broken I cover the crack with a thin coating of glue, and allow it to dry be- fore placing the egg in the incubator. I find that an egg treated in this way will hatch as well as one not cracked. I have hatched eggs having spider -web Cracks as large as a quar- ter—in several instances when the shell was slightly dented in by thr clack—by treating them with glue be- forehand. For a number of years I have not lost a fertile egg on account of a crack, unless the skin under it was broken, or the crack covered more than half the egg.—M. J. Atkinson. infections, but the hot water' also re- duces the germination. Plump and healthy seed stand the • -treatment much better than poor seed and there is no doubt that the advantages gain- ed in freeing the. seed frpm the dis- ease overbalances the reduced germ- ination. HOGS We are just glad that hogs like water—fresh, clean, pure Later-- in abundance. If they did riot like water, they might then be demanding a sub- stitute -that is mare costly to provide. .The good hog man sees that every hog on his premises has every ounce of this liquid elixir of life that is needed. Ile does not stint where the cost is so little and the results are so certain. The pig drinks more pounds than he eats. Piggies' all important body when very young may carry as high as 80 per cent. of water, and from this down to as, low as 35 per cent. when ho is well fitted for the shambles. See, therefore, that he has plenty of plenty of liquid refreshments that are not too cold inwinter, nor too hot in summer. Hot Water Bath. Raw linseed oil, applied once or twice daily, removes warts or corns in Hot water is a good medicine far a few clays. With it we removed warts sick cabbages as determined by college from a cow's teats, a patch of warts pathologists, who have discovered a from a cow's nose, warts from our new cure for black leg, an infectious hands; a corn from the end of my disease which has caused a loss of finger, and those terribly painful thousands of dollars to cabbage Piro- "soft" corns between toes. It is good tucers., for chapped hands and burns. To The corrosive sublimate treatment prevent staining clothing, wrap parts which has been used for black rot and to which it is applied.—L. L. L. recommended for black leg is not al- , together satis.Cac any so Ch,e, exports Legume ha tanks a or.dairy pro - say. Now they have So , that seed u is fed toythe Sow will makehe immersed for thirty minutesi tier 'd• c y ring crop strong"and increase the -per- kept at 122 degrees is free from.both ceieteage. of those maturing. awe. • When you want Syrup, always specify -.th.e :11111111111111111W tt, RAN'T'S (SYR.� DIME Equal to the best Cane. "Crown n Brand" "Lmly W1 ens The Standard Corn g�Syrrp. A White Syrup likeRoney. 6orJ.ia,ss11eg" Equal to the best Molasses: Manufactured by THE' CANADA STAPC'H Co., LIMITED; MONTREAL, IOlI-IIIiiiui npu11 i l M Y1 1 lnnr a unn n tI l i 4 1 � ���������� � � ��� ii I a 1 1 l� it IIiu1 apl ���II � ���� ��� I1 low po etill0HNINP QUEBEC'S MAPLE ' PRODUCTS `� J Quebec is instituting a- vigorous 'campaign at the `present rtimo' to in crease the -province's output of maple products, and it is an, effort which should"have the widest support. The maple products industry is. peculiarly a Quebec • agricultural.`activity bound up in a very intimate manner with the history, the romance and the progress of rural Quebec. The industry be- longs, in an especial manner, to the old French province, since it has al- ways been nurtured there and arrived at a greater .and more progressive state oe de'vel'opment than elsewhere on the limited area of the Amerioan continent adapted to the pursuit. The annual production of Canada is about equal to that of the United States, and. of the Canadian production eighty-five per cent, is attributable to the Prov- ince of Quebec, which gives to this area a supremacy in this regard. It is only ofcomparatively recent 'years that really serious attention has been paid to the production of maple products as a profitable and econ- omic industry in Quebec. Under gov- ernment encouragement and a system of educational campaigns in the coun- try districts, old and obsolete methods of collection and manufacture have been abolished, resulting in a better and greater production and the plac- ing of the industry on a staple and firm footing, Yet the era of the maple tree as a commercial factor has barely commenced and more and greater, things are expected of it in the future.; STATISTIC$ OF PRODUCTION. The first• statistics of maple sugar production in Canada go back to 1861. Between that date and 1861 the an- nual production ranged around 18,- 500,000 8;500,000 pounds; from 1861 to 1871 production increased to an average of about 17,500,000 pounds; from 1871 to 1881 the average was 19,000,000 pounds; and from 1881 to 1890, 22,- 600,000 pounds. After that date there was a decline, the year 1901 recording 21,200,000 pounds, and ten years later, in 1911, the production being 20,- 600,000 pounds. The war had the effect of increasing the output of maple sugar enormously. Probably for the first tine this deli- cacy was carried overseas to any ex- tent, and it resulted in an extraordi- nary demand -with high prices. This resulted in a stimulation of output which was felt for some time after- ward, the production in 1920, for in- stance, exceeding 31,000,000 pounds. These figures refer to the whole of Canada. Since the war, when the possibilities , of developing a profitable export trade were first evidenced, the Quebec Gov- ernment has devoted considerable at- rention to the modernization and gen- eral promotion of the industry. The Pure Maple Sugar 3; Syrup Co-oper- ative Agricultural Society exists for the protection of the industry and the assistance of those engaged in it. There is also an Act. of Parliament whieh males it an offence e co t 0 offer for sale any food under the name "maple" which is: not a pure product of the maple tree. A laboratory and inspectors, pro- vided by the Government, are at the service of manufacturers for the ex- amination and inspection of maple products, and it is now practicallyim- possible-to export foodstuffs in this line which do not come up to legal requirements. The province has sev- eral inspectors who devotetheir time to visiting the sugar farms and assist- ing the farmers in every possible way with expert advice. Demonstrations are held': annually throughout the areas of the 'industry.' A REAL PROVINCIAL ASSST. The result of this has been that the maple sugar industry is on its way to becoming a real provincial asset and a profitable supplementary source of revenue to the farmer with a grove of maple trees. The production of the Province of Quebec in 1923 was 1,250;- 850 ,250;250 gallons of maple syrup and 8,215,- 475 ,215,475 pounds of 'maple sugar, which, as one gallon of syrup will make ten pounds of sugar, is equal to a siege]: production of 20,717,975 pounds. ° ‘eSince. 1919 Canada's exports of maple products have been as follows: Maple syrup, 1919, 6,950 ,ga:lons worth 12,202; 1920, 9,270 gallons worth $269 ; 1921,1,254 gallons worth $31,7[,x,• 1922 3,659 gallons worth $9,152; a, 1923,'5,885 gallons worth $11,954. 14I le sugar, 1919, 4,703,366 pounds wo $1062,895; 1920, 4,005,124 pounds woi'ttr 51121, -.- 957; 1021, 7,999,238 pounds evert)I -- 962,258; 1922, 2,092,715 pounds worth $164,389; and 1928, 2,738,2.27 pounds' worth $874,457. The total value .of maple products exports for the five years was respectively: 1119, $1,075,- 097; 1920, 41,142,626; 1921, X1,951.1,- 025; 1922, $173,541; and 17'„', $386,411. The combined factors of all iiupro- pitious "season, low prices ancl a de clraing interest in the overseas mar- ket, have caused the falling ort in the volume of erpm ks in the past two years. A pinnacle both in volume 01111 value was leached in 1921, and can be iltteined again, which is the effo t of the Quebec Cionernment. m;tl< , in fact, away and beyondIts tlni�, :fiisr though there are 60,000 farmers ci- gaged in the, manufacture of maple products in Quebec it is estimated not our half of the available eugar rrnplee are made productive. i