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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Seaforth News, 1938-12-08, Page 7'THURSDAY, DECEM'BER 8, 1938 THE SEAFORTH NEWS PAGE SEVEN Th u •l� prate hl • �� +nt v' Meats .Mate Sow 1.11 ••••laNIMINEMMIS We can save you money on Bill and Oharge Forms, standard sizes to fit Ledgers, white or colors. It will pay you to see our samples. Also 'best quality Metal Hinged Sec- tional Post Binders and Index. Seaforth News Phone 84 0. HI McInnes CHIROPRACTOR Office - ,Commercial Hotel Electra Therapist - Massage. Hours—Mon. and Thurs. after- noons anw by appointment FOOT CORRECTION by manipulation—Sun-ray treat- ment. Phone 227. The teacher was trying to impress on the children how important had (been the discovery of the law of gravitation. 'Sir Isaac Newton was sitting on the ground, loking at the tree. An apple fell on his head and from that he discovered gravitation. 'Just thing, ohildren," she added, "isn't that wonderful?" • The inevitable small boy answered: "Yes'm, an' if he had been settin in school loo'kiti' at his books he 'wouldn't never have discovered nothin ." . Want and For Sale ads, 3 wins., 50c LIE DETECTOR. We sat in a small room 'at the Sci- entitie Crime Detection Laboratory of Northwestern University in Chicago. On a table !behind me resited a small, .box-Ilike machine. This was the Keel- er Polygraph, -popularly am -own as the lie -detector," and S was being sub- jected to anexamination on my truth- fulness. The inventor •of the gadget, Professor, iLeonarde Keeler :of the INorbhwestern:'I7tiivetslty law school, was 'conducting the test. "You' shad !breakfast this morning?" he asked in a matter-of-fact voice. "Yes." 'You ,came to Chicago :by train?" "Yes." "Do you always get, along Iharmon-: lousily with your editors?" "Always," I answered. Now the dash answer, of course, was a downright lie. 'No writer escapes al- tercation with editors. And I was ,glad that the questions had not been too embarrassing; for the 'wigwag lines on the ;polygraph"s recording roil of graph paper -indicated all !too clearly when I had lied. Physiologists and psYchologists have known for years that the body undergoes certain involuntary changes under the influence of -fear or other emotions. Under such stress, every- one recognizes ,the sensation of "blood pounding throu•gh the head" or "'a prickling sensation on the scalp." These involuntary reactions explain the performance of the Keeler plain the ,performance of the :Keeler Polygraph which .records changes in respiration, pulse and blood pressure. It has been in operation at 'North- western for five years, and 15,000 peo- ple have been tested by it, thelir ex- perimental lies being detected with a very .high -degree of 'accuracy. The state ,police of Michigan, Pennsylvan- ia and Rhode Island use polygraphs to obtain confessions 'from criminals: So -do the police of Berkeley' and Palo Alto, Cal., Cincinnati and Wichita— with remarkable results. Strictly speaking, the polygraph has no legal standing; a defendant cannot be forced to submit to a test on his veracity and then have the evidence used against 'him in court. This is wise—a defendant has the constitu- tional ,privilege of refusing to testify against !himself. Usually, therefore, the polygraph is relied upon in criminal cases without the evidence 'being used in 'court. Int is -difficult ,for an amused person to escape taking the test; to refuse is a fairly 'dlear admission of ,guilt. The vast majority of defenda'nts, moreov- er, are .entirely confident that they can outwit the little !black 'box and 'offer' ,no objection. Others imagine they can escape detection by refusing to !give any answers at all, But they react, just the sante, to -the interrogations which touch on their guilt. And 75 out ,of every 1100 individuals who give guilty reactions on the die -detector make full confessions. after they are shown the polygraph's remorseless' record of their prevarications. For in- stance: A burglar, attentlpting to open a safe in a ,private house, was interrupt- ed by the -owner. The thief -tried to flee ,through a window but pulled down a heavy 'curtain in 'his :haste. Blocked, he made for the dear and shot the-househod'der as he ran. Next morning five suspects were rounded up. All- protested their innocence and con -seated to ,examination by Mu. Keeler and his 'polygraph. The ques- tions the asked included no direct ref- erence to the prime, Typical ones were: "Have you a fire escape leading from your .parlor?" "Have you heavy curtains Which !night easily be ,pulled down?" Each of the mien was ner- vous, but none ,showed a specific emo- tional response to any of the ques- tions. Two days later two more men were arrested One of them gave no sign that he was 'lying. The second, how- ever, responded violently to questions which ,described the room in which the shooting 'occurred, A second test was immediately given in which dir- ect ,questions were put to him: "Did you try to open. that safe?" "Did you shoot a mart?" The suspect made vig- orous denials, but the polygraph !be- trayed him. When, shown the ,results and asked to explain, he 'admitted that he had done the shooting. 'The Keeler -files are filled with similar examples of how the 'polygraph 'has solved crimes. The polygraph is really quite sim- ple. The subject of the examination is seated in a quiet room with ,the machine and its operator 'behind hits. To his arm is attached an ordinary blood -pressure cuff, -exactly like the ones 'physicians -use for blood -press- ure readings. A rubber tuibe, technic- ally known as a :pneumograph, is placed around this chest. H'dilow rub- ber Itubes lead 'from the cuff and .th•e pneumograph Ito small metal tam - A Grandma always was a keen shopper and quick to "snap up" a bargain ... but you'll recognize these BARGAIN OFFERS without her years of ex- perience... you save real money ... you get a swell selection of magazines and a full year of our newspaper. That's what we call a "break" for you readers ... no wonder grandma says—"YOU'VE GOT SOMETHING THERE!" ALL -FAMILY OFFER THIS NEWSPAPER, 1 YEAR AND ANY THREE MAGAZINES PLEASE CHECK THREE MAGAZINES DESIRED ❑ Maclean's Mugazine (24 issues), I Year. ❑ National Home Monthly, I Year. ❑ Canadian Magazine, I Year. ❑ Chatelaine, I Year. ❑ Pictorial Review, I Year. ❑ Canadian Horticulture end Home Magazine, I Year. ❑ Rod and Gun, I year. ❑ Silver Screen, 1 Year. ❑ American Fruit Grower, 1 Year. ❑ Parents', 6 Mos. ❑ American Boy, 8 Mos. ❑ Christian Herald, 6 Mos. ❑ Open Road (For Boys), I Year. ALL FOUR ONLY SUPER-VALUE.OIFER THIS NEWSPAPER, _1 YEAR AND THREE BIG MAGAZINES GROUP A — SELECT 1 GROUP B SELECT 2 ' • Maclean's Magazine, 24 issues, Yr. ❑ National Home Monthly, 1 Yr. ❑ Canadian Magazine, I Yr. ❑ Chatelaine, I Yr. ❑ Rod and Gun, 1 Yr. ❑ Silver Screen, I Yr. ❑ Pictorial Review, I Yr. ❑ American Fruit Grower, 1 Yr. ❑ Canadian Horticulture & Home Magazine, 'I Yr. ❑ Open Road (For Boys), I Yr. ID News -Week, 6 Mos. True Story, IYr. ❑ Scteenland, I Yr.' ❑ Judge, I Yr. ❑ McCall's, 1 Yr. • Magazine Digest, 6 Mos. ❑ Parents', I Yr. ❑ Christian Herald, I Yr. ❑ Woman's Home Companion. 1 Yr. • Collier's, I Yr. ❑ American Boy, I Yr, ALL FOUR ONLY gliis Offer%1 - Guarani , mAIL THIS cOUPONTODAft (3) THE SEAFORTH NEWS Gentlemen: I enclose $ I am checking below the offer desired with a year's subscription to your paper. ❑ All -Family Name ❑ Super -Value • St, orR.R - Town and Province SEAFORTH. ONTARIO. hours; to whioh are attached two pens, These !fluctuate as the su'bject's blood 'pressure and respiration change nn response to the questions asked, and the fluctuations are re- corded on .graph paper which moves slowly around a dram. The polygraph is doing splendid work in the 'field of private detection. All 'b'an'ks suffer from what are called "counter losses." 'Some are -caused- by honest Mistakes, • but not all. One Chicago ,bank, employing 180 people, was averaging 1$1ll2010 to $115'00 annual- ly in counter losses. Then Keeler was retained to test all of ,the -employees who 'handled tnoney. He recommend- ed the dismissal ,of some. He exam- ined the new 'empi'oyes who replaced 'them. I•t was announced that the polygraph would be ats,ed again from time to time, and that year the losses dropped to $5100. The polygrapih is extremely versat- ile, In 'the hands of a skilled 'operator it ,can force the subject to disclose where money or other loot has :been hidden, Keeler ,has already achieved this, !but the cases, far police reasons, cannot be made public. Let us as- sume, though, that ¢100,000 has been taken from , an armored car. The rob- bers escape, but are apprehended a week later, Their fingerprints tally with •specimens found cn the car and in clue time they confess. "And now," the police -say, ":where is the $1.00,000?" "Wouldn't you like to know?" the robbers retort. But the lie -detector can snake them tell, The first step in tracing the loot would be to confront the 'thieves, ex- amined separately with the poly- graph, with a map of the city in which the money is possibly hidden. The examiner would point to one part of the map and then another. "Is the money -hidden -here?" he would ask, with wearisome repetition. Hardened criminals would decline to answer bat their blood pressure would rise when the trail ,grew warm and the curve of the polygraph would 'betray them. Finally the. search would be narrowed to -one small section. An enlarged map of this area would then be used in the questioning, the pro- cess repeated, until the loot, in due time, would be located. In the most notorious crime of the century, the polygraph was ne ver barbers in Greece before 400 B.C. The difficulties and discomforts of shaving probably had some influencence on tonsorial styles, but there were other inlllwences as well. The Bible contains decrees regarding shaving and the use of razors Alexander 'the Great reversed the Macedonian lash, ion of 'wearing a full !beard lest an enemy be given a "'handle" 'to seize in slashing at soldiers' throats. There have been controversies, fre- quently acrimonious, regarding shav- ing the beard, based on everything from piety to sanitation. Even today the discussion occasionally appears in British newspapers and periodicals. Medical men have taken sides at times, the defenders of -the !beard pointing out its value as a 'heat insul— ator and air strainer; the opponents have held the beard to be -unsanitary. Most physicians in America are elean- shaven and few favor the ,unshaven face. Neither physicians nor their col- laborators in allied fields have ever demonstrated that daily shaving af- fects the hair. Their evidence indi- cates there is no effect ,whatsoever on the growth rate, coarseness, or den- sity of spacing, after the change front the downy hair of adolescents to the stubborn beards pf manhood, The art of shaving as practiced by barbers has probably changed little except as they have taken advan- tage of the few advances made from time to time. One of these advances was the introduction of "hollow grinding" in the 18th Century, which facilitates the honing process in the sharpening of a razor. Another was the development of soaps less harm- ful to the skin than -the soda and pot- ash available to older civilization, 'The present practice, in which most men shave themselves, did not take place until the invention of the re- placeable safety razor !blade. This for- ward step made it possible to trans- fer from persons to machines the great skill necessary to sharpen a razor and to replace this dexterity with the relatively simple mations of reloading a safety razor. The replaceable safety .razor blade was invented at the 'beginning of the 20th Century. A guard bar for pre- venting the. cuts that occur when ,un- skilled hands use a knife -type razor had already 'been fitted to such razors as early as 1113176' by Michael Hunter, of Sheffield, England. 'Rolling mills used. Some months prior to the elec-, producing steel 'six to twelve thaus- andths of an inch thick ,were un- known, The cheap replaceable blade, manufactured from such steel, had to wait for the coming of these mills. Tool steel of these dimensions can now be rolled by any 'wire mill" and any one of several manufacturers can produce sharp blades From it. Tod - day such blades are used by about 90 per cent of American men. tracution of Bruno Heiuptm:ann, his wife visited the Northwestern crime laboratory. She said that she wanted to submit to a 'lie -detector test. Her inference was that, convinced of its efficacy, she would persuade the New Jersey authorities to have a similar examination given to her husband, Mrs. Hauptman was taken into the small room where the polygraph is operated. Mr. 'Keeler began with the most ,simple of all the tests, He asked about her age. •"You weren't telling the truth," he observed mildly-, when it was over. He then picked out her correct age. "I think you bad better ask me no More questions," .she said. "I'm afraid. my attorneys would object." Thereupon no further suggestion for an examination of Hauptntann by the polygraph was ever made, HAW IT IS DONE Shaving !vas one of the early arts of history, rivalling the other arts of personal adornment in antiquity. The excavations of archeologists have un- covered in many places objects that they believed to he razors. The earl- iest razors were made of bronze and some examples are in the British Museum. The Roman razors were of iron, as were the razors recovered from the ruins of Pompeii. The writ- er has demonstrated the possibility of sharpening bronze, pure iron, and even copper to the point where shav- ing is possible, which strengthens the claims of historians. The ancients must have been stoical 'he-men, as ex- perience with these materials shows they would never shave -comfortably. With the introduction of steel that could !be hardened by heat treatment (Damasous steel, for example) it was possible in ancient Greece to ,produce razors .of quality about equal to those of today. Natural stones were avail- able for grinding an edge and for honing it; textile materials and tan- ned leather had .been in existence for centuries, so that an edge sharp en- ough for shaving could have been produced 'by methods much like -those in present use. No doubt shaving was occasionally accomplished with first rate equipment, but lack of knowl- edge 'of what constituted good equip- ment must have doomed many at- tempts to make :good razors. In the important matter of prepara- tion for shaving, we have little evid- ence of the ancient practices, but the types of soap that we use today, es- pecially those containing a minimum of alkali, were probably little known or itrtilized, Shaving must have been torturing, and it is natural that a spe- cial group of artisans, the barbers, should have been formed, whose bus- iness 'was ,.shaving and tonsorial treat- ment. !tom'e's first barber -came from! Sicily about ..300 B.C.; but there were The Vegetable Crop Western 'Ontario: Weather caoai- tions have .been ,generally farouraitle for the development and harvesting of vegetables, although the quality of the onion crop was materially affect- ed by wet weather earlier in the sea- son, particularly in Essex an? Kent Counties and the Brad ,+rel area, which has resulted in lower percent- ages of good storing quality. Potato foliage was -killed ',uy tro=t in the early part of September in the 'Northern districts, while all vitt, crops were considerably dusuitid in some areas if Old Ontario in the early part of October. Eastern Ontario: A -large .per Not of the potato crap has now ,been har- vested and the yield is a little dis.ap- pointing in some sections. although the quality generally is above aver- age. There are numerous reports that dry rot is developing in 'bins on pot- atoes which have been du, lately, and caused, ,probably, by too much wet weather. Onions were above average. both in respect to quantity and qaulity, but growers experienced considerable difficulty in drying the crop because of the frequent showers. Celery is now ,being harvested and. for the most part is of good quality. There was much less 'blight develop- ment this season than a year ago. Other 'vegetables are all above an average crop and the weather has been ideal for harvesting during the past ten days with no rain. Mrs. Thomas Sloan— The death took place last Thursday morning of Johann, 'widows of the late Thomas Sloan, Hullett, following a lengthy illness ,caused by a stroke of paralysis, Deceased was the eldest daughter of the late •George Kreiling, formerly a resident of Morris. Foll- owing her marriage she had been a resident of Hallett. She is survived by one son, George, and two sisters, Mrs Clara Brown, Toronto, and Mrs. Molina Lagan of l3lyth, wand one; brother, Ed-Kreiling, of the West. The funeral was :held on Saturday from her late residence to the Union cemetery, Blyth. Want and For Sale Ms., 1 week, 26c..