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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1934-08-30, Page 7PAGE 6 NEWS ANO THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD HAPPENINGS Timely Info rmation for the Busy Farmer er ( Furnished by the Department of Agriculture ) /1111•M•1•11110110.. 1.1,1IMMIODWIl.rmiat.2.1.11•110. Good Apples for Sweet Cider Tests oonducted in the Fruit Pro- ducts Laboratory at the Central Ett- perimentai Farm have shown that Rufus Ribston, Scott Winter, Bald- win, Mavis, Russet, Monpariel, and a blend of Ben Davis and Spy are ex- cellent varieties of apples far making sweet cider. The preliminary estimate of the. total production of commercial apples in Canada in 1933 shows an increase of 1,591,840 barrels and $8,456,900, as compared with the finally revised estimate of 1932. The 1933 esti- mates are 5,329,800 barrels, valued tit J$10,464,800. The finally revised estimate for 1932 is 3,737,960 bar- rels valued at $7,007,900. CIeaning the Hen House At this time of year hen houses should be thoroughly cleaned, disin- fected, and whitewashed. At the Poultry Division, Central Experimen- tal Farm the following whitewash mixture has been used with satisfac- tion. Slake >t bushel of lime with boil- ing water; strain and add 1 peck of salt, dissolved in warm water. Put 3 pounds of ground rice in boiling wa- ter and boil to a thin paste. Dissolve la pound of powdered Spanish whits ing and 1 pound of clear glue in warm water. Mix all these well .to- gether and let stand for several days. Beep over a portable furnace and apply hot with brushes. j;,., Weaning the Lambs ' anibs should be woaned at around Ave months of age. The practice of letting the lambs wean themselves is to be discouraged 'since it prevents the mother getting a well deserved rest before the mating season, which is necessary for hen health and vital- ity, Young weaned lambs should have the run of some good fresh pasture. A good after -heath or a piece of rape that has been sown in the spring will be greatly enjoyed by them.. Such a pasture is necessary to avoid a check in their growth as a result of the .loss of their mother's milk; it will also help to prevent parasitic infestation so detrimental to growing lambs. ':i4iei A pointinteresting to farmers whose fields are crossed by power cables is that lightning voltages caused by the discharge of a single cloud are estimated to cover 1,000 to 3,000 feet of line on long circuits. Generally on the urban circuits the voltages are restricted considerably more by . the elosely-spaced light- ning arresters. Peat and Muck as Sources of Soil Organic Matter When the farm manure supply is not sufficient to maintain the organic matter content of the seri at a satis- factory level, peat or muck may be used to furnish that important con- stituent, The best way to einploy these materials as a source of organ - ie matter is to first compost them with manure for a period of four to six. months before application or to use them in the air dried condition as a litter to soak up the liquid manure in and about the stable. An added ad- vantage in these treatments is that the nitrogen of the peat and muck is, to a large degree, rendered avail- able for plant use.. Early Topping of Turnips The practice of "topping" turnips some weeks before the date of pul- ling. in order to use the leaves while still green in the feeding of livestock, ''has been common in certain parts of the Dominion, and the question whe- ther it is an economical operation or not has been settled by practical dem- onstrations The data obtained show- ed ,that how-ed,that turnips from the non -topped crops had the higher food value.. The inquiry also furnished satisfactory evidence of the marked growth of the =topped .crop during the latter weeks, of the' season, the leaves during this period continuing to function as lungs and stomach, resulting in a heavier yield. The practice of topping the crop three weeks or a month prior to the date of pulling has shown to re- sult in a lower yield per acre of nut- rients, and is therefore non -economic. Weekly Crop Report Fall wheat production is consider- ably below average due to winter kil- ling and drought. While the yield vafies widely, the quality is good. Barley and oats are showing average yields of good grade. Straw is short. Corn is in good condition and shows satisfactory growth.. Root crops re- quire more .moisture. The applecrop will be light, and the yield consider- ably below average. The Codling Moth is prevalent in some districts. Grapes are sizing well and all varie- ties are progressing favourably. Ear- ly peaches were a fair crop. Elber- tas and other standards will be light. Pastures and aftergrass, while fresh- ened' by recent rains, are still in poor condition and require additional mois- ture to stimulate growth. Tobacco plants have benefited from recent rains, but the crop is spotty due to drought and has suffered considerable damagefrom hail Eradicating Perennial Weeds The roots of perennial weeds such as Canada thistle and field bindweed often pentrate the ground to depths of four or.:,fiye. feet.. The roots of these weeds can send up new shoots when they are cut off to depths of 18 inches. Deep ploughing, therefore, will not eradicate perennial weeds of. this type. One method of eradicating deep ,rooted perennial weeds is to keep down the top growth by frequent cultivation and exhaust the food stor- ed in the roots. Another is to apply a 10 per cent solution of sodium chlorate at the rate of one gallon per square rod. Perennial Sow Thistle Now in Every Township Perennial cow thistle, one of the worst weeds with which farmers have to eontend, has spread during the past 25 years until now it is reported in every township in Ontario, accord- ing to A. R. G. Smith, of New Ham- burg, supervisor of weed inspectors of Western Ontario. This plant does not produce a bloom the sante year that it grows from seed. If you see a perennial sow. thistle in bloom you may know it was in the field the previous year. This plant can be controlled by farm prac- tice. The root of the perennial sow thistle will not stand heat. Experi- ments by Prof. J. E. Howitt of the 0. A.C., Guelph, showed that where the roots were exposed to the sun by a summer fallow, they would die in one day. Cate and barley are the two spring crops which give the perennial sowthistle a chance .to, mature its seed, Fall wheat, hay and pasture crops, if harvested • in time keep the plant from going to seed. Fall cul- tivation is not so effective as summer cultivation. The autumn is cooler and damper. More Fall Ploughing and Alfalfa on g the Average Farm The severe drouth during the past summer has emphasized the advan- tages of fall ploughing, especially on the heavier soils, and the need for a Spend Your Holiday 'at, theWestern Fair THOUSANDS of people have found that the ideal vacation days are in the Autumn months. They have found too, that the ideal spot to spend a part or all of their vacation is in London and at the Western Fair. Here they find recreation, education, pleasures and enjoyments -the requisites of an ideal holiday. Plan your vacation to include a two, three or four day visit to Landon, the Forest City. Once you are in the city; you will not fail to visit the Western Fair. SEPT. 10-15, 1934 10E511E1111 FA _. ��-,)� 'MI.OMPOM • ONTARIO Ifttd� til 31 greater acreage of alfalfa in South- western Ontario. There is evidence on every hand that Burley and dark tobaccos, corn,. beans, sugar beets, and many other crops have made better growth on soil which was ploughed 'last fall, A demonstration such as this should stimulate an effort to plough as much land as possible this fall. Our light- er flue -cured tobacco soils. however, are an exoeption •to this practnce, dt} to their shifting nature. e Tests conducted over a period of years on the Dominion Experimental Station at Harrow show that better yields of tobacco and corn are ob- tained on fail ploughed land, espec- ially in dry seasons. This difference is attributed principally to the great- er conservation of moisture in fall ploughed soils. The physical condi- tion of the heavier soils as well is of- ten improved by fall ploughing. Fall ploughing also offers a better distri- bution of labour. Itis generally con- ceded that the earlier fall ploughing is better so far as conservation of moisture is concerned. However, the new seeding on the farm should be carefully inspected following a sea- son such as the one just experienced, before a well established hay field is ploughed under. Such an inspection may protect a farm against another hay shortage next year. This past season has also shown the advantage alfalfa has over clover or mixed hay in a dry year. Alfalfa is our heaviest -yielding, cheapest, and surest hay crop. In addition, it is one of our best soil -builders, and. should play an important role on ev-i ery farm. A good stand is easily ob- tained if good drainage, inoculation, and fair fertility are provided in soil with sufficient lime. Feeding Hogs for Market (Experimental Farms Note) At the Dominion Experimental Station, Fredericton, N.B., experi- ments have been carried on to deter- mine the value, when fed to hogs, of feeds commonly produced on the farm. Potatoes, skim -milk and oats were the main feeds under considera- tion. Hogs which were fed on a mix- ture of grains, mill feeds and milk were compared with hogs fed large- ly on a mixture of crushed oats, mid- dlings, potatoes and milk. Two lots were started on cooked' potatoes, meal and milk and finished on raw pota- toes, meal and milk. Potatoes were fed at the rate of 4 pounds to 1 pound of meal. All lots made equally good gains during the first sixty days of the feeding period. The hogs receiving raw potatoes during the finishing period required twelve days longer to finish than the meal fed lots but 'a considerable saving in meal was ob- tained in the potato fed lots. The carcasses were scored similar to those in advanced registry and there was no significant difference in the carcasses of hogs from any group. In this test, 5.35 pounds of pota- toes replaced 1 pound of meal. Valu- ing the meal at $1.40 per hundred, the potatoes were worth 26 cents per hundred as feed. More satisfactory results are obtained when the pota- toes are cooked before feeding as potatoes are worth only two-thirds as much raw as when cooked. Cooked potatoes would therefore have a val- ue of 39 cents per hundred. At the present value of pork, feeds market- ed through hogs return a handsome profit and a market is created for feeds which might otherwise be wast- ed. Hogs on Advanced Registry, at the Dominion Experimental Station, Fredericton, N,B,, are now being fed grains and a .protein supplement without any skim -milk. It has been demonstrated that hogs will make equally good gains when fed a pro- tein supplement other than skim - milk. This is of particular interest to farmers having a supply of grains and potatoes, but little or no skim- mills.—Leonard kim p a s, 1 — n d ries h i' m1 k. Leo and G bac Dominion Experimental Station, Fredericton, N.B, I 1 ri s CROP REPORT THURS., AUG. 30, 1934 production estimated at one-third less than last year and peaches one- halt of last year's tonnage, Grapes Below will be found a brief synop- sis of telegraphic reports received at the Head Office of the Bank of Mon- treal from its Branches. General Harvesting is now general over the Prairie Provinces, and threshing has commenced in the Southern and Ccn- tral areas as well as in some North- ern districts. Heavy ;hail damage is reported, in areas of Southern Al- berta and over a considerable terri- tory hi Central Saskatchewan. The coarse grain crop is practically •a to- tal failure in extensive , areas of Central and Southern Saskatchewan and in .South central and Southwest Manitoba, and inthese areas yields, of barley and oats are in prospect and roots are progressing satisfac- torily except in :.some parts of the Eastern Townships. In Ontario har- vesting of spring grains is nearing completion, with oats' and barley giv- ing better than average yields. In the Maritime Provinces, potatoes and apples' show satisfactory pro- gress and good grain yields seem as- sured, except in .N'ova Scotia they will likely be below average. In Bri- tish Columbia most crops are in good condition, and satisfactory yields are in prospect. Prairie Provinces Alberta, Northeastern Area—Cut- ting is well advanced but practically no threshing has been done. The crop is below average. Alberta, Southeastern Area —, Ap- proximately 75 per cent•of the grain, has been cut. The 'crop is light and Pasturage poor. Alberta, Western Area --1n the North all crops are very promising and ' harvesting is general, In the South harvesting is well advanced and yields vary great. ly. Some low grade wheat is re- ported. The sugar beet crop is good. Saskatchewan, Northern Area — W1heat, is 25 per cent cut, with indt-. cations that yields will be lowered as result of dry weather. Coarse grains are patchy and will be'light. Saskat- chewan, Southern Area—Cutting Is rapidly nearing completion, with I wheat crop very light and coarse grains largely cut for fodder. The ifeed situation is causing concern ov- er a large territory. Manitoba -- Threshing Threshing is under esay, Good yields are indicated over the Portage Plains along the Red River Valley, and in Northern districts. Elsewhere crops are only fair to poor, with total fail- ure over a large area in the South- west. The feed situation is very ser- ious in poor crop areas. Cost of Pork Production (Experimental Farms Note) Park is one of the products that year in and year out seem to offer a fair return to the ,producer over and above the cost o;f feed consumed. At the Dominion Experimental Farm, Nappan, 'N.S., data have been compiled for a number of, years on the feed cost of raising young pigs from birth to weaning age (six weeks); also from weaning until they are ready for the market. The eleven -year average feed cost to raise young, pigs to six weeks of age was 3,1' The$3.18 plusthe $ 8. eleven -year average feed cost to grow and finish the hog ready for inarket was $7.81 per hundred pounds live weight. Province of Quebec Harvesting of oats and barley is proceeding under •:avouralile condi- tions. Average yields are in pros- pect in all sections. Reports from the Upper St. Lawrence and Ottawa Valley districts indicate that with favourable weather from now on po- tatoes and other roots should return average crops. In some sections of the Eastern Townships drought da- mage to roots is reported severe, while pastures are suffering from lack of rain. Other districtsreport! roots to be growing well and pas- tures to be in good •condition. Indi- cations point to an average crop of fodder corn. Blueberries are plenti- ful in the Lake Saint Jahn distriet. Tobacco needs rain. Province oi' Ontario Recent general rains have improv- ed pasturage and will benefit root crops and late tree fruits. Thresh- ing of fall wheat is about completed with yields below average, Harvest- ing of spring grains is nearing com pletion under favourable weather conditions. Threshing is well ad- vanced With oats and barley yielding from 35 to 60 bushels per acre. Corn is in good condition. ' The hay' crop is considerably below average. The second cutting of alfalfa is light, Roots are making satisfactory pro- gress. Turnips in a few districts will he below average due to insect damage. Sugar beets are 30 per cent under expectations. Apples, peaches and pears will be light, with apple dred pounds live weight for the •same period was $9.41.This left, a spread of $1.60 per hundred, or $3.20 on a 200 -pound baeon hog. In computing the feed cost to pro- duce 100 pounds of pork, all feeds are charged up at market prices and home-grown feeds are charged at cost of production, which includes rent of land, use of machinery, labour, etc. therefore, taking into consideration that on the average farm the bacon hog is carried asa side line and con- sumes many waste products other- wise unmarketable, the above figures would seem to demonstrate fairly conclusively that on tTte average the. bacon hog is a fairly profitable cash commodity for the average farm to. have. The greatest success will be realiz- ed from the well-bred hog, for when properly fed it will make the best use of feeds consumed and give a higher percentage of promise a good yield.' The tobacco crop„ on a reduced acreage is late and spotty due. to drought and heavy hail damage, but recent rains have improved the• outlook and. harvesting is under way. The leaf is of good quality and colour. ' Indications are for a below-average yield. • Maritime Provinces In Prince Edward Island a good crop 'of potatoes is in prospect, oats are maturing rapidly and pasture. are in good condition- In New Brun, swiek an average .,yield of oats is in- dicated except in districts where damage has been done by hail. Po- tatoes are growing Krell and a good crop is anticipated end pastures are in fair condition. In Nova- Scotia oats aro maturing on short straw with indications of a yield below an - erase. ': Roots are progressing satis- ,factori*, and apples are colouring well, with early varieties now being picked and shipped to domestic mar- kets. Pastures are very 'dry, Province of British Columbia Harvesting of grain has corium/lc- ed ommenceed and a good average lyield is esti- mated. Tomatoes are ripening un- der favourable conditions, potatoes and roots promise an average yield. Tree fruits are maturing satisfactor- ily. Pears and early apples are now being picked, estimated yields are apples 100 per cent, pears 90 per cent, plums and prunes 90 per cent of average. The picking of hops will commence shortly, the crop is estimated at 90 per cent of average. Pasturage is plentiful in most dis- tricts. Treatment of Seed Wheat for Smut Control From the number of inquiries re- reived at the office of the Huron County Branch of the Ontario De- partment -of Agriculture it would ap- peai that many farmers are unable to tell the differencebetween the Stink- ing Smut or Bunt of Wheat 'and the Loose Smut of Wheat. The Stinking Smut cannot be detected in the wheat fields until the heads begin to fill. The smutted heads are darker green and remain green longer than the healthy' ones, later the heads stand up stiff and erect and. the chaff is somewhat bleached. The grains on- ly are . directly affected, being short, plump, light in weight, somewhat discolored and filled with a brownish black oily powder which has an od- or like decaying fish. These "smut balls" are broken in the process of threshing and even a small percen- tage of this smut will impart a disa agreeable odour to the wheat. Stink- ing Smut can be prevented by treat- ing the sped with Copper Carbonate Dust or with Formalin. The Loose smut of Wheat is more common than the average farmer realizes due to the 'fact that most of this smut has blown away long be- fore harvest tine. Loose Smut is seen in the field just as soon as the crop begins to head out, It destroys both the grain and the chaff, chang- ing them to black powder. The en- tire head thus becomes a mass of black smut. These smut masses are broken up and blown away by the wind, the only remaining evidence at harvest time being the naked central axis of the head. Loose Smut of Wheat cannot be prevented by treat- ing with Copper Carbonate Dust or Formalin. The most practical method is to secure seed from a field where Loose Smut was not present as such seed will produce crop free from this smut.( The only effective seed treat- ment is the Hot. Water Treatment which, unfortunately, cannot be said to be a practical treatment for the average farmer as it is a slow ted- ious process, necessatiting certain e- gttipment, and requiring extreme caution regarding procedure and temperature. Formalin Treatment for Stinking Smut This method may be used for the control of Stinking Smut in Wheat but is not as safe or as satisfactory as the Copper Carbonate Dust treat- ment, In using the formalin treat- ment some farmers have experienced injury to the germination but much of this injury is due to carelessness in treatment. The correct mixture is one pint of formalin mixed with 40 gallons of water and this amount is sufficient to 'treat 60 bushels of grain. Each farmer knows the num- ber of bushels of wheat he is going to sow, therefore, it is a simple mat- ter to determine the correct amounts of formalin. and: the grain should be shovelled several times in order to thoroughly moisten each grain. The treated pile of grain should be toyer - ed with bags or burlap for three to four hours. Leaving it covered much longer than this will result in injury. The grain should then be spread out, thinly to dry and it is advisable to shovel it over 3 or 4 times to hasten drying. Sow the seed as soon after treatment as possible. The Copper Carbonate Dust Treat- ment for Stinking Smut This treatment is the safest and most satisfactory for controlling Stinking Smut of wheat and is the only treatment which can be used for, Hulless Oats. This dusts should he applied at the rate of 2 to 3 ounces. per bushel. An old barrel churn is ideal for treating the grain'or some types of cement mixers may be used. If either is not available, a home-, made mixing machine may be made from an ordinary barrel. Rotating the machine for 2 or 3 minutes will result in every ;grain receiving a fine coat- ing of the dust. Advantages of this method are asf Mows, (1) no injury y to germination (2) seed may be treat- ed when convenient and stored with- out injury, (3) it is rapid, 20 bushels ss than half an lows, (1) treated grain cannot be used for feed or milling purposes, (2 treated seed mustbe kept dry and should not be allowed to stand in the seed drill, (3) any dust that col- lects in the drill should be cleaned out as it may become caked and in- jure the drill. If the drill has not been used for several hours it is ad- visable to rock the wheels before starting to loosen the grain and gearing. Farmers should be able to pur- chase Copper. Carbonate Dust from the local druggist who, if he doesn't stock it, will be able to get it. Some hardware stores may also have it on hand. A bulletin outlining full informa- tion on treating grain and the mak- ing of a home-made dusting machine may be secured by applying to the Ontario Department of Agriculture at Clinton.—Ian MacLeod. NEWS OF HAPPENINGS IN THE COUNTY AND DISTRICT WINGIIAM: On Friday afternoon the annual meeting of the North Hu- ron Liberal Association was held in the town hall, when there was a fair representation. Hugh Hill of Col- borne Township, president of the or- ganization, was re-elected and was chairman of the meeting. The elec- tion of officers resulted as follows: First vice, Dr. J. W'. Shaw, of Clin- ton; second vice, Miss P. Powell of Wingham; third vice, Mrs. R. David- son, of Dungannon; secretary, J. J. Robertson of Colborne; treasurer, Abner Cosens •of Wingham. On the platform with Mr. Hill were, W. H. Golding, M.P. for South Huron; W. H. Robertson, of Goderich, who In- troduced the speaker for the after- noon; Fred G. Sanderson, M.P., of St. Marys. The sympathy •af the organ- ization was extended to Chas. A. Rob- ertson, M.P.P., for Huron -Bruce, who suffered a stroke a short time ago. but who is now reported progressing favorably. T. E. Willis, Seaforth; J. ER Cantelon; • Clinton; Ed. Mason, Wingham; Wm, Powell, Goderich; R. J. Sproat, Sea - forth; D5. Thompson, Clinton; Fred' Hunt, Goderich; C. P. Sills, Seaforth. . Prize Winners were: First, Dr-, Beechely, 4 wins plus 16; second, J. E. Cantelon, 8 wins plus 23; third,: R. G. Hall, 3 wins plus 22; fourth, C. B. Smith, 3 wins plus 26; fifth, C. P. Silis, 3 wins plus 12. ST. HELENS: Miss Mabel Woods was the guest of .honor at a delight- ful miscellaneous shower given her • by Miss Vera Todd one afternoon re- cently. Mabel had been invited to a quilting. bee and was completely taken , by surprise when ushered into the dining room where an attractive tab- le was covered with gifts and in which were gathered forty of her Wends including a number of form- er schoolmates from Lueknow. 'Coni- runty singing and asocial time was enjoyed after which a dainty lunch. was served. BIG BEN AND BOW BELLS ARE BEST KNOWN' CHIMES So attached is London to Big Ben,. the world famous clock in the par- liament tower, that a few years •ago a feeling of consternation gripped ' the city when a large crack appeared in the bell, Whenthe makers of Big Ben assured the London public that the booming tones of the bell would not be stopped by the crack the relief of Englishmen was great. The fame of this clock has spread throughout the world. And perhaps no less famous are the bells of Bow church which chanted their message to Dick Whittington, "thrice lord mayor of London." Legends that Londoners delight in telling have grown up around both these bells. Big Ben, the most universally known of the noted bells, was first cast August 6, 1856. The London News of that date furnishes an ac- curate account of the event: "The preparation of the mold had ' occupied six weeks and two reverber- atory furnaces, capable of melting six tons of metal each, had been built expressly for the purpose of casting this monster bell.... The whole of the night previous was a scene of busy industry; and early in the morning the furnaces, having attain- ed the requisite heat, their doors were opened, and the operation of charg- ing, or putting in the metal, com- menced, occupying about one hour. In less than two hours and a half the whole of the metal (18 tons) was in 0' a state of perfect fusion. On the sig- nal being given, the furnaces were tapped, and the metal flowed from them in two, channels into a Pool pre- pared to hold it before being admit- ted into the bell mold. The shutter, or gate, was then lifted, and the met- al allowed to flow. In live minutes the casting of the bell was complete, the successful termination of which delighted all present, who cordially joined the workmen in three hearty- cheers." eartycheers." SEAFORTH: Sixty bowlers com- peted in the "Blue Ribbon Rinks" tournament here. The greens were in perfect condition and competition was keen. The fine prizes included walnut chesterfield tables, bowl bags, copper frying pans, sweaters and smoking cabinets. Rinks competing were R. G. Hall, Kitchener;' Dr. Beechely, Seaforth; Fred Deb'us, New Hamburg; J. Broderick, Seaforth; 0. B, Smith, Goderich; Dr. H. H. Ross, Seaforth; Dr..110Taggant, Hensel]; The advertisements are printed for your convenience. They inform and save your time, energy and money. ..for your Separator for a Limited Time YOUR OPINION is wanted! In exchange for it we. offer Two Rubber cowl Rings for your separator; any size or make... free and postpaid. 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