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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1934-08-16, Page 6PAGE 6 THE CLINTON• NEWS -RECORD . TIIIJRS.,-AUG. 16, 1934 Timely Information for the Busy Farmer ( Furnished by the Department of Agriculture ) Early Topping of Turnips Three years of investigation of the practice of cutting "turnip tops for green feed some weeks before the roots aro pulled, conducted by the Division of Chemistry,have proved' that the practice is not profitable. A storage of nutrients takes puce in theturnips during the autumn weeks and this storage is checked by early topping, Control of External Parasites of This investment equals that of many small retail and manufacturing es itablishments, yet the vast majority of farms are operated without any sys- tem of accounting or records. Un- less adequate records• are kept it is impossible to determine definitely the cost of the various farm operations, and a knowledge of the cost of pro- duction will help prevent losses: The use of farm accounts and records will do a great deal towards.reducing the cost of production below the set- ling price. Since the farmer has no control over the selling price, his only alternativeis to reduce his costs of production to the minimum. * * * Package Bees There are approximately 5,000 bees in a pound and they may be ob- tained in packages holding one or more pounds, but the two -pound size appears to be the most popular for all purposes. There are, .,however, many beekeepers, especially in east- ern Canada, who prefer a three -pound package, thinking that the extra pound of bees will enable the new colony to build up more rapidly. But, says Mr, C. B. Gooderham:, the Do- minion Apiarist, experiments with'. the two sizes of packages do not stern to warrant this assumption, for the two -pound packages will usns ally build up as rapidly . and store just as much honey as do the three - pound packages. If the bees are young and the loss during transpor- tation not excessive, there are enough of them in a two -pound package to care for all the brood that can be produced by the queen, and the col- ony will build up just as well without the excess workers. *.* Suggestions in Preparing Sheaves for ' Competition ,w, In cohneetion with . sheaves for competition, J. A. Carroll, superin- tendent of Agricultural Societies, says that; in the first place, considera- tion should be given to competition rules covering size of sheaf, etc. A minimum of eight inches in diameter means at least this measurement at the center blinder, Freedoni from disease and blemish- es is essential and only heads true to variety should be chosen. Some ex- hibitors cut a number of sheaves in a good part of the field and from these make a selection. A' much bet- ter way is to choose individual stalks from standing grain; This may be done by walking in from the stubble when Gutting is in progress. Plants should be cut close to the ground with a pair of scissors. When two or three times the a- mount required for a sheaf has been collected, it should beplaced ona rack or table to dry, protected from the weather, particularly :rain and dew. A few b'oards on tressels in a loft or drive shed sh ould be suitable. A piece of cheese cloth or other light. material spread over the heads would afford protection from birds, Every straw in an exhibition sheaf should be stripped of leaves or flags. This may be done by taking a small handful of 40 or 50 at a time. In this process any diseased or faulty speci- mens should be rejected. The roundform desired may be achieved most easily by the use of a mould of some kind. Some exhibitors use three, hoops nailed to a bar and left open at the top for the entrance of straws. These hoops should be considerabkylarger than the size re- quired for a bound sheaf. The next step is to place binders anddraw tightly after which a sharp knife should be used to even off the butt squarely. Any . straws which may break, leaving the heads hang- ing down, may be removed with scis- sors, Ribbons for decorative purpos- I es may be added. I A box or crate of light but strong materials, should be made and pre - Poultry Lice and mites ate often the cause of poor egg produetion during hot weather. Body lice can be controlled by the. use of blue ointment applied beneath the wings and'around the vent,' Mites feeding on the birds at night and living in cracks and cre- vices during the day have to be treat- ed differently. • Ordinary coal -oil will kill, the mites,' but as it evaporates quickly the effects are not lasting. An excellent "paint" to apply to the roosts and nest boxes is composed of one part crude carbolic or, possibly better still, nicotine sulphate, to three or four parts of coal -oil or a mixture of coal -oil and crank case oil. Wilmot Township Solves Roadside Weed Problem For 19 years cows have been allow- ed to pasture on the 120 miles of Wil- mot Township roads in Waterloo County. The Township Council ehar- ges.a rental of $2 eacb for the first and secondcows of a herd, $2,50 for the third, fourth, $3.00, fifth, $3,50, sixth •$4, seventh, $4.50;, eighth and above $5 each. This sliding scale of charges is arranged to assist, the small farmer from 1 to 4 or 5 cows.. The average yearly revenue deriv- ed from this source is $$1,152. The annual cost of ;Weed euttliig oh W11 - 'West Township roads is $550 which leaves a tidy annual credit balance in the treasury. Roadsides in this township are among the cleanest in the province. Few, if any, accidents have ever been reported probably due tp the fact that cows are not allowed to pasture on roadsides, at night. There are approximately 4,5001 miles of township roads in Ontario, Using Wilmot township as a basis calculation, a total of $400,000 could be collected in rentals. Roadsides are cleaner where pastured and the cost of weed cutting is greatly reduced, With the shortage of pasture, fal- ling municipal revenue and as a source of reduced weed control costs, this plan appears to have many fear tures which would warrant its trial in other municipalities. * '%ie iu Prepare for Fall Crops To insure having a supply of let- tuce, spinach, radish, and Chinese cabbage for fall use, the seed should be sown at this time. The varieties that are best ad- apted, according to the Dominion Horticulturist, are Grand Rapids and. Iceberg lettuce:; King of Denmark and Princess Juliana spinach; Chihi amid Petsai 'Chinesed cabbage, an Scarlet Turnip White or Scarlet Globe, radish. Should the soil be quite dry it is important to open the drills and if irrigation is available apply suffi- cient water to moisten the soil, and as soon as the land has dried so as to not be sticky, the seeding should be done,, Farm : Accounts Farming has changed from a means of livelihood to a highly spe- cialized, competitive business. Mod- ern farming involves a considerable investment, and very, few people realize the extent of the capital in- vestment of even the average farm. Here, Every Day is Farmers' Day i iZ ECAUSE the farmer is of sufficient importance to the people of Ontario to warrant it the major exhibitions in the Dominion feature Agriculture, The Western Fair, Canada's Oldest Annual Exhibition; believes in the Agricultural industry and in its future. The daily program and the interesting' exhibits areplanned to satisfy you—the Ontario Farmer. A visit to the sixty. seven. year old fair will be entertaining and educational. Plan at least for a day or more at Western Fair. J. H. Saunders, President W. D. Jackson, Secretary SEPT.10 -15, 1934 30 ferabiy provided with hinged lid. A suitable size for wheat would be 16 inches by 16 inches by 6 feet. Oats would require a larger crate, prob- ably 18 inches by 18 inches by 6 feet, while a shorter box would do for bats. ley. A collar should be placed inside to support the head end of the sheaf. yak* The Maintenance of Soil Fertility A more permanent agriculture for Southwestern Ontario will require a more definite soil building programme than has been practised on many farms in the district during the past decade or two. IIave we become so interested in cash crops in many dis tricts that we are overlooking some of the fundamentals in the mainten- ance of soil fertility? Shall we be able to maintain soil fertility and crop yields under many of our pre- sent systems of farming? Is,: our whole programme on the average farm definite enough to insure Im- provement rather than decline? These questions deserve the serious consid- eration of the nnan who is thinking of the future as well as of the present possibilities of his farm. We certainly have access to bet- ter seed today than was available thirty years ago. However, good seed alone Will not insure continue good yields. The humus in the soil and soil fertility must be maintained as well. These facts are borne out in the various rotation studies on the Dominion EStperimental Station, Har- row, Ontario. While nothing has been found that will quite take theplace of barnyard manure in a soil building programme, the available supply is entirely inade- quate to meet, the demands of our soils in most sections of Southwes- tern Ontario, Where an adequate a- mount of manure is not produced on the farm, either more livestock should be kept or green manure should be produced in the soil by the use of such soiling crops as sweet clover, rye, and soybeans. After all, a green manure crop is the cheapest method of adding humus to the soil. Alfalfa, as well, should play a much more ims portant part in our soil building pro- gramme. It is the cheapest and most productive hay crop we have and, in addition, should b'e utilized for -pas- tures much more than it is at present. A more definite soil -building pro- gramme, coupled with good soil man- agement, will certainly result in a more permanent and profitable agri culture. Canadian Bacon Prices Front the Industrial and Development Council of Canadian Meat Packers. The price of Canadian bacon is a- bout on a par with that of Baltic. Where would it be if the Canadian hog industry had bleen left in the condition it was in 1921 when the first Hog Conference was called? Since 1921 the hog industry in ev- ery competing country in Europe has. been revolutionized. Denmark had a head Start 'and maintained it. But great improvement has taken place even in that country; the principle of paying the producer on a graded basis with a fixed differential between the grades has long been established. Holland took her hog industry under strict regulation ' and changed the breeds used and the manner of feed- ing. Hogs used to be bought alive, as they are in this country, but now they are bought from the producer on a dressed carcass basis and there are fixed differentials between the grades. Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and the other Baltic countries along with Sweden have adopted different sys tens, all 'resulting in completely re- volutionizing the quality of the hogs produced in those countries. Pay- ment for hogs on a: graded basis with fixed differentials between the grades is a cardinal principle of the improves ment schemes. In addition the bacon of all the European countries is grad- ed for export into definite grades. As a result the bacon of these countries is of high quality. It bears little re- lation to, the product of ten years ago. If the present quality had been put on the 'British, market, by these countries in 1924 and 1925, when Canada was exporting •a considerable volume of bacon, their product would have_ been: considered to be ofsuper quality. While' Canada, in the years from 1927 to 1930. by decreasing her hog 'Production (although improving qual- ity) faded out of the export picture; European countries were steadily de- veloping their trace with Britain. At the same time they were organizing their hog production on to a plane o3 high quality. Where. would Canada have been in 1932. when she again needed the English market, if her hog improve- ment programme had stood still ov- er the years? Suppose that hogs had continued generally to be dealt in on a flat price basis and that no definite direction by means of grad- ed price differentials had been given as to quality .and weights of 'hogs desired. What would a hog improve- ment programme without these CROP REPORT Below will be found a brief synop- sis of telegraphic reports received at the Head Office of the Banlc of Mon- treal from its Branches, General In the Prairie Provinces the past Week has witnessed continued deter- ioration of crops, Rainfall has been limited to small areas, and most of the grain has matured too rapidly: Harvesting will be early, with yields much below average. In Quebec Pro- vince recent rains have had a bene- ficial effect on all growing crops, which generally are in a satisfactory condition, but more moisture is need- ed. In, .Ontario heavy mine during the past week have materially improv- ed .the mprov-ed,the condition of growing crops. In most districts. • In the Southwestern portion of the Province storms and high winds have caused some damage. In the Maritime Provinces the condi- tion of the crops generally is good, there is ample moisture in the soil and warm weather is now needed. In Bri- tish Columbia weather conditions con- tinue favourable, with good rains re- ported from most districts, and all crops are maturing early and satis- factorily. Details follow. Prairie Provinces Alberta, Northeastern Area -Cnt ting has commenced with, indicated yields fair to poor. Pasturage and late crops have been improved by re- cent rains. Alberta, Southeastern Ar- ea—Light yields are indicated, with late crops yielding feed only. Pas- turage is poor. Alberta, Western Ar-. ea In the North, the wheat crop is good to average and coarse grains good to fair. Cutting will be genes. al within ten days. In Central and Southern areas the crop has suffered from hot dry winds. Wheat yields generally will be light and coarse grains poor. Saskatchewan, North- ern Area—Conditions continue fairly satisfactory and cutting has com- menced. A good hay crop has been harvested and pastures are satfsfac- ,tory. Saskatchewan, Southern Area —Crops are poor with many con. plate failures, particularly in the Southeastern portion. Cutting will be general next week. Pastures are dried up and the feed situation is ser- ious. Manitoba—Cutting is well un- der way, with fair to good yields in. dicated in the Northern districts, Re& River Valley area and over Portage Plains. Elsewhere prospects are far from promising. The recent heavy rain will aid pasturage in the South. west where crops over a large area are a total failure. Province of Quebec Iia the Eastern Townships and Up- per St, Lawrence Valley the cutting of early sown oats has commenced. Owing to the dry weather during the heading -out period the crop may not thresh out as well as was at first an- ticipated. Reports from other sec- tions indicate that grains continue to Make satisfactory progress and an average yield is in prospect. Pota, toes and other roots have benefited by the recent rains and are growing well, but more moisture is requirea, Haying is not yet completed. Pas- tures hat -e improved and are now generally in good condition. All sections report fodder corn to be progressing satisfactorily and pre- sent indications point to a good crop. Province of Ontario Harvesting of fall wheat is near- ing completion and threshing is well under way. While yields are irre- gular, sample is good. Cutting of barley and oats is well advanced and threshing has commenced. Grain is of good quality. Corn is growing well and premises an average crop. Roots, grass pastures and second! growth alfalfa have benefited by re. cent rains. Tree fruit yields will be considerably below average. Grapes continue to develop satisfactorily. Rainfall has helped tobacco crops generally, but more moisture would be beneficial. Maritime Provinces In Prince Edward Island oats are heading out well and a good crop is in prospect. Corn is verypromising and showing rapid growth. Root crops are reported to be above aver- age. Throughout. New Brunswick rains have hampered hay harvesting and light losses have resulted. In some sections of the Province high means' to point the way have accom- plished? , !Canada had a specially difficult task to make, her hog improvement work effective. A country of vast area, of greatly differing climatic con- ditions and the introduction of hun- dreds of new producers, without ex- perience, every year would only be guided and unified by a definite plan which finally registered in fairly uni- form price rewards for uniformity of production. Suppose these things hadnot been done, where would we be. today? Certainly not on a price level with the European Baltic countries,but probably ten shillings per cwt: of ba- con or more below them,. The Lure of the Lakes $kb 15Kidt'8'x:d,).'ia{ Music, moonlight, glorious lake breezes with six hun- dred miles of sailing on the Canadian Pacific's Great Lakes vessels S.S. Assiniboia, Keewatin and Manitoba are at the disposal of passengers on the company's lines travelling from eastern to western •Canadian points or as a pleasant diversion on the return- ing Journey for the small added cost of ten dollars for berth and meals each way. This delightful prospect fol- lows the announcement by the Canadian Pacific that four -piece orchestras will, for a period of nine weeks, dispense music on the Assiniboia and Keewatin en route while the vessels pass through Georgian Bay, across the northern part of Lake Hu- ron, through the Sault Ste. Marie locks and thence to Fort William on Lake Superior, a pleasant, lazy and restful. journey of 39 hours from Port 1V1cNicoll or Owen Sound. To all those who, are planning a trip to or from the west, this economical optional trip em- bracing dancing, cozy cabins,. Plenty of. deck space and luxuri- ously -appointed dining saloons;. with glimpses of ever-changing scenery or bracing stretches of blue water, is one that cannot be overlooked. It is at the dis- posal' of every vacationist and this season promises to be ims mensely popular not only with Canadians but with visitors to this country as well, winds and hail have caused slight da- mage to oats. Roots continue to show satisfactory progress. Indications point to a good yield of early pota- toes. Pastures are now in fair con- dition. Reports from Nova Scotia indicate that as a result of recent rains the outlook for the oat crop has improved All root crops are pro- gressing favourably. Apples are sizing well. Province of British Columbia Average grain yields are expected and wheat harvesting on the main- land will commence within a week. A. heavy crop of good quality has been harvested. Potatoes are yield- ing heavily and tomatoes are moving rfeely. Apples are sizing well and early varieties are plentiful. Present estimated yields are as follows, alt. pies 100 per cent, pears '95 per cent, plums and prunes, 85 per cent of ay. erage, Pasturage is good in most districts, FIELD MUSEUMS AT EXPERI- MENTAL FARMS (Experimental Farms Note) Since the time the Dominion Ex- perimental Farms System was estab- lished nearly fifty years ago, numer- ous varieties of wheat, bats and bar- ley have been collected from different countries with the hope that among the number might be found some which would contribute something to Canadian Agriculture. Many of these introductions naturally were of little value, while others played an important part in connection with the' breeding pro ran une whieh has yield- ed such notable varieties as Marquis) andI Rewardwheat,' and Laurel.and Levey oats. 4 sentimental attachment is fre- quently felt for old things, especially if they have served faithfully and well, be it an old plug hat or an old; car, and the varieties of grain that were popular years ago are no excep- tion. For this reason, among others, visitors at the various Branch Farms will now find growing in small plots, called Special Field Museum Nurser- ies, a large collection of old varieties as well as . some of relatively recent development, all of which have a certain interest. The historical value of some of the varieties found in these "Field. Museums" is hard to evaluate, being of particular interest to the rising generation in helping to give them some idea of the epoch -marking ad- vances that have been made in pro- ducing newer and better varieties for the various needs of Canada's' basic industry.—J. Carl Fraser, Central Ex- perimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. DO ,YOU IiNOWW? The average man speaks 11,800,000 words in a year, and blinks 94,600,- 000 times. 753' different' games are playable with, single pack of cards. In a certain cigar' store m Times Square, New York City, a telephone book is completely Worn out every 72 hours. . From propei;'ty left more than 150 years ago to help children of Hul- welI, near Ilitchin, t to start in• life, the income has xisen from, £BO to a 3,000 a year.. - Out of this a9rnshous- es and village halls have been but t, endowments have been made, and grants to twenty children a year are paid. Thirty different types of buoys are in use around the 2,400 miles of coast of England, Wales and the Channel Islands, The heaviest weigh ten tons; the lightest 5 cwt. Each buoy is periodically inspected, and over- hauled annually. A romanticdisappearanceof an i1- lustrious man occurred about A.D. 850 when Wu tao-tzu, greatest of all Chinese painters, finished his famous landscape on the wall of the Imperial Palace. At the unveiling before the royal court, he opened a "door" in the painting, stepped through it, and was never seen again. Penny -an -the -slot insurance is now effected in New York. Upon the in- sertion of a coin into the machine, a policy is delivered covering the hold. er against any accident for seven days. A ghost put up for auction at Mold, near Chester realized £185. But the buyer, Mr. Bernstein, of Liverpool obtained a -handsome house and eleven acres of land with it. The ghost is a Black Mountain spirit and said to have inhabited the house for years. Conscience money amounting to 12 halfpenny stamps for sitting too long at the pictures has been received by a cinema in Edgware Road, London. Summoned at Cambridge for pass- ing a red traffic signal, Mr. Ernest J. Lee of Wilburton, near JOly, told that, until thepolice- manmagistrate ha , np e man pulled hint up, he did not know what traffic signals were, and had never seen them before. To bathe a temple diety, the -Mah- arajah of Travancore led thousands of his followers on a three -mule walk down to the sea,' marched at their head, barefooted, stripped to the waist and brandishing a drawn swore. Anxious to see his own epitaph, and to make sure that it spoke well of him, Mr. T. W. Dymond asked per- mission from the Edmonton Town. Council to erect a memorial to him- - self in a local cemetery, bearing the inscription, "In loving memory of Thomas W. Dymond, who entered in- to rest (--•). Of sweet disposition and loved by all." His application was refused. An artificial eye invented by Dr, Vladimir Zworykitt, a New Jersey re. search engineer, possesses an "elec- trical memory" which automatically records the objects as its rays dis- cover them. So penetrating is this instrument, called the icontiscoepe, that it is held capable of seeing the germs of the common cold. Child: "'God gives es our daily bread, doesn't He, Mamma?" Mother: "Yes, dear," Child: "And Santa Claus brings the presents?" "Yes, dear." Child: "And the stork brings the babies?" Mother: "Yes, dear." Child: "Then, what's the use of having Papa hang around?" .,for per Separator for a Limited Time YOUR OPINION is wanted! fn exchange for it we offer Two Rubber Bowl Rings for your separator; any sin or make... free and postpaid. We will also telt you about the "Cheapest Separator ,n the World to Buy and Use," the only separator sande in America with a guar- anteed 5dhBalancing Bowl . . a separator with twelve valuable features not found an any other separator in. the world. 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