Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1934-04-12, Page 6{ PAGE 6 Q TTAN NICWS-RSCOR.13 THURS., APRILr12 1934' for the r l Information h Timely ,. Busy Farmer '( Furnished by the Department of Agriculture) Early Marketing Means Better Prices Now is the time to start the long season crops of vegetables required for the early market. At the Central Experimental Farm the following varieties are recommended: Cabbage: Golden Acre, Copenhag- en Market, Early Jersey Wakefield. Cauliflower: Early Dwarf Erfurt and Snowball. Celery; Paris Golden Yellow, Gold- en Plume and Phenomenal. Onion: Sweet Spanish, Prizetaker (Denia), Southport White, Yellow and Red Globe for growing transplants. Pepper: Barris Earliest, California Wonder. , Potato: Irish 'Cobbler which should be sprouted for four to six weeks prior to field planting, Tomato: Abel Alacrity, Canadian, Earliana, Bestal, Bonny Best or John Baer. The two latter are used for the main crop.' Suggested Changes in Spraying Op- perations Due to Winter Injury The Ontario Spray Calendar recom- mends the following changes in spraying operations on account of winter injury: In districts (or orchards) where injury to fruit trees is severe and on- ly in such districts, we would recom- mend that the first sprays outlined in the Ontario Spray Calendar should be modified as follows: Apples—lOutside the Niagara Dis- trict Essex and Kent, do not spray for San ,Jose' Scale except on trees on which it was conspicuous last year. On these use either lime sul- phur 1-7 or 3% lubricating oil emul-. Sion in 3-6-40 Bordeaux. Omit oil spray for red mite this year. On trees •on which San Jose' Scale was not conspicuous last year, use only 3-6.149 Bordeaux. Pears—Where Pear Psylla is trou- blesome use a 2% lubricating oil spray; elsewhere omit spray. Plums—On Japanese Plums omit the first spray. Peaches—Willem San Jose' Scale is not present, spray with lime sul- pher 1-15 or Bordeaux Mixture 3.4- 40; elsewhere use lime sulpher 1-7. Sweet Cherries—, Use one-half pint nicotine sulphate and 2 lbs, soap to 40 gallons water. In sections or orchards where there is no winter injury or no appreciable injury, the spray calendar recom- mendations should be followed. Current Crop Report Twenty meetings were held in connection with the Warble and Heel Ply campaign in Peel County during March and it is estimated .that over 70% of the cattle in Peel will be • treated this Spring for these pests. Other countries also report the War, ble Fly campaign under way. Duf.. ferin County furnishes the encourag- ing word that livestock, particularly COWS, are in very satisfactory condi- tion. Lambton reports that the shortage of seed is not nearly as a- cute as early advices indicated. In- jury to fruit trees is becoming more apparent as'spring advances, accord- ing to a report from Lincoln, In Norfolk, severe weather during the winter resulted in considerable dam- age to cherries, .plums, raspberries and apple trees, The condition of fall wheat i5 not good in a number of districts. From Hastings comes word that indications are for a short season for maple syrup. This is al- so the case in Prince Edward 'Coun- ty, and there also, friolt growers are alarmed by the amount of damage in tree and bush fruits. Dairy Herd Improvement R. B. Faith of Brantford, director of extension for the Holstein -Fries- ian Association of Canada, speaking at a recent meeting of Lanrbton'Coun- 'ty livestock breeders and farmers, drew attention to the developing markets for dairy cattle both in Can- ada and abroad, at prices which have advanced considerably since the be- ginning of the year, and he expres- sed the opinion that any constructive OFF COLOUR ? HOW IS YOUR LIVER? Wake up your Liver Bile Without Calolner /Your liver's a ,very small organ, but it eel, fainly can put your digestive and eliminative origami out of leiter, by refusing to pour out, its daily two pounds of liquid bile into your bowels You won't completely correct such a condition by taking salts, oil, mineral water, laxative candy or ',hewing gum, or roubnge. When they've moved your bowels they re through—and you seed a liver stimulant. Csrter'p Little LiverPillswill soon bring back ' . the sunshine into your life, They're purely yea - table, Safe. Sure, Ask for them' by tame. Refuse .ubetitutee, 25e it, all druggists. 18.. efforts, now made in building the herds of the County to higher stand - dards in type,'quality, and production would lead to returns ;from the in- dustry in volume sufficient to com- pensate the farmer for his labor and investment. Mr, Faith dealt• parti- cularly with the need for more re- cord of performance work on the part of all breeders, urged more blood testing for the control of Bang's Disease, and pleaded for the co -:operation of all concerned in get- ting a better class of herd 'sires lo- cated under the bonusing policy of the Federal and Provincial :.govern- ments. He held out no encouragement to the breeder who was contented to continue owith a breeding program which gave no promise of improve, ment, but turning to the farmer who had far-reaching ideals and made use of constructive methods, the views of the speaker were that the future looked as hopeful today as it had in any period of the past. Re -Stocking the Woodloli and Plant- ing on the Farm The season for planting trees is near, and plans should be made early as trees planted in early spring stand a much better chance of survival than those planted in late spring. The Forestry Branch is continuing the policy of supplying free trees for planting anil owing to the fact that there is a surplus of trees the form- er limit of 3,500 trees for reforesta- tion .purposes to one person will not be adhered to. The trees may be us- ed for 'planting bare land, restocking a woodiot or the establishment of an evergreen windbreak. Five hundred trees are allowed to each applicant for planting a windbreak. Every farm should have a wocdlot large enough to supply the 'farm- house with fuel and lumber for min- or building and repairs in order that these products may be secured with- out making a cash outlay. Inferior soils such as sand, gravel, swamps, shallow and steep 'hillsides, should be left in trees, as they will give very small financial returns if cultivated. These are the areas that should be planted, as they will continue to be a liability rather than an asset as long as they are destitute of trees. Planting is not necessary on areas that have large trees as they will produce seed and it will be distribut- ed by the wind, squirrels and other agencies, This natural reproductton can be secured by fencing out the stock and it will be composed of the more valuable species if they are left and the less valuable (weeds) are removed in order that they will not produce seeds. The planting of a few hundred trees of valuable species not growing now in the woodiot will give more variety and will make quite a difference in the valve of the woods fifty years hence. A few trees well planted in locations where they will be sure to grow well is far better than planting thousands poorly where the competition of the natural growth will choke them' out. Even- tually there will be no woodland in a field if provision -is not made to have seedlings, saplings and polewood com- ing along to take the place of trees that are cut. Every farm should have an ever- green windbreak to protect the build- ings from the cold winds of winter. A farmer can establish a windbreak by making a cash outlay of $1 for ex- press charges on the trees. In 10 to 15 years he 'will have an effective windbreak that will increase the val. ue of his farm and reduce the amount of fuel necessary to heat the farm- house. A year's delay in starting a windbreak means that the farm will be a year longer without an effective windbreak. Application blanks for trees and descriptive literature may be secured by writing the Forestry Branch, Parliament Buildings, Toronto, or calling at the county agrirultural of- fice. Soybeans for Hay The soybean crop is well suited to use as an annual ,hay. In cases where a hay crop has become winter -killed and an emergency crop is required, the soybean will be found quite use, ful. A hay of :about the same feed- ing value as alfalfa will be produced and yields reported are very encour- aging. When, the soybean is to be grown for the first time on a section of ground the seed should be inoculated before planting. This will enable the full benefits of the leguminous, properties of the plant to be realiz- ed. Planting is best done in drilla inches apart. This will require, 60 to 90 pounds of seed per acre, depend- ing upon the size and germination of the variety used, The time of plant- ing - ing the soybeans for hay maybe, somewhat later than is necessary for seed crop. Although soybeans may be cut for hay earlier, it is recom- mended that cutting be done at the stage when the pods are about half.' filled.o In order that this .stage of growth may be reached by the end of August and the say cured not later than the first wreck in September, planting should be done about the first week in June. The .maturing period should be clone about the first week in June. The maturing period of the variety used and seasional con- ditions in different 'districts will per - met of some variation in the date of planting, but early in June may be taken as a general guide for this work. In most districts ' weather condi- tions make the curing of hay rather, difficult 'and uncertain later than the first week in Feptember. It is there- fore advisable to do the curing in August if possible. Since soybean hay is more difficult to cure than clover or alfalfa, good curing wea- ther is to be desired for this process. Satisfactory curing has been accom- plished at the Dominion Experimen- tal Station, Harrow, by cutting in the Morning after the dew is off and raking into windrows in the evening. Curing may then be completed in the windrow or small cocks. Average Rainfall Shows Decline Precipitation records have been kept on the Dominion Experimental Station at Harrow for the past fif- teen years. Recent years show a de- cline in the amount of rain compar- ed with early years. By dividing the whole period of 1919 to 1933 into three five-year periods, each succeed- ing five-year period shows a definite falling -off in precipitation. The av- erage annual precipitation for the period covering 1919-1923 was 28.29 inches. For the period 1924-28 it was 25.32 inches, and for the last per - I iod (1929-33) 18.26 inches. The av- erage for the fifteen -year period (1919.133) was 23.95 inches. These specific records may not ap- ply to Western Ontario as a whole, but they do show some relationship to the noticeable drouth conditions that have occurred in different sec- tions of this western peninsula. We know there are sections even in Es- sex County that possibly had a lower average rainfall than the immediate district of Harrow. One has just to drive through a two -hundred -mile section of Western Ontario to notice certain Localized dry areas. Some soils are less retentive to holding' moisture than others. Carefully farmed soils Containing plenty of or- ganic matter show less effects from severe dnouths than the poor, run- down soils. The better plot treatments on the Harrow Station show very much less effects from drouth than the poorer treatments. Plots well suppied with organic matter and properly balance ed fertilizers stand the drouth better than plots that are known to be low in general fertility. No doubt the present soil moisture conditions are low, and if there is not a great in- crease in the average rainfall between now and planting time, tobacco grow- ers would be well-advised to get their spring ploughing clone early. Early spring ploughing tends to conserve more moisture than late spring ploughing'. DO NOT FORGET THE CORN BORER The following statement is given out by Professor L. Caesar, Provin- cial Entomologist for Ontario, who has charge of the administration of the Corn Borer Act:— "Any corn grower this spring can do a great deal to save himself a lot Of unnecessary hand-picking of corn stubble if he will use care and fore- thought in his method of dealing with his corn field. If he 'ploughs the field carelessly and does not bury the stub, ble well he is sure to drag it up in working the soil and so will have a lot of hand-picking. Also, if he uses a toothed cultivator instead of a disc he will drag up a 14 of stubble. In every county there are many men who deal with their fields in such a way that they rarely have to do any hand-picking. ` What one man Iran do another can often do as well, or nearly as well. So it is hoped that everyone will try to exercise the ne- cessary care this spring, and so save himself a lot of trouble in complying with the Act. Some Helpful Suggestions. . 1. Do not use narrow ploughs. 2. Use a skimmer on jointer en the plough. 3. Never plough crosswise of the stubble rows, but. always length- wise. 4. Run the last furrow before the stubble row within two inches of the stubble. 5. If the "stubble was ploughed last fall and has heaved, drive it down again by a /heavy roger befo working the field. 16. Use discs instead of toothed cul- tivators in working'; the field. 7. If the stubble has not been ploughed and is long, disc it twice before ploughing. This makes it vastly easier for the plough to do .a good; job. 8. Do not wait for the inspector to tell' you to clean up -your field. Set a good example to your neigh- bour. 9. Next fall keep in mind that the. shorter the corn is cut, the easier it will be to deal with the stub- ble. 10. The more growers there are who voluntarily clean their fields well and destroy other corn remnants, the shorter the time the inspec- tors will need to spend on the work.". GODERIOH: The anniversary ser- vices of North Street United church which were held Sunday were capably conducted by the Rev.' Jas. Finlay of Robinson Memorial United Church, London. The church was beautifully decorated with lilies, daffodils and ferns and special music was rendered by the choir and Mr. Upper, tenor sol- oist from St. Catharines. Successful entertainment followed on Monday evening. SUGAR MAPLE GROVES ARE GREAT ASSET TO FARMERS The mild, sunny days of late March and early April are worth some $12,- 000,000 annually to the farmers of Southern Quebec and Vermont, ac- cording to the Industrial Department of the Canadian National Railways. It is this weather which brings the flow of sap into the sugar maples and pours money into the pockets of the farmers who are owners of groves. The output of maple products av- erages around 28,000 tons annually. Of this slightly more than halfis produced in the State of Vermont and the balance mostly in Quebec, al- though the Provinces of Ontario, New Brunswicic and Nova Scotia also pro- duce substantial quantities of both sugar and syrup. In Canada the production averages about $6,000,000 in value, of which $4,000,009 is in maple syrup and the balance in sag- er. It is slightly higher in Vermont. About 50,000 Canadian farmers share in the harvest, which is gathered by tapping some 8,000,000 trees annual- ly. This tapping of maple trees goes back to the Indian days on the east- ern seaboard and while little appears in history about their method of ex- tracting the sap and rendering it in- to syrup and sugar, references are found to the tribal dances, known as the maple dances, which were held in the Spring. It was not until 1685 that the maple syrup industry began to receive promincence in the reports of the governors and intendants of New France. Towards the end of the 18th cen- tury the industry gained recognition as a commercial venture of some magnitude. Much of the advancement of the industry has been attributed to the inventions of Oran Cummings of Monpelier, Vt., who devised me- thods for hanging buckets from spouts, designed covered gathering tanks, flat pans and other utensils that made refining simple and profit- able. Although sugar and syrup are still carried on in a more or Iess crude way in some sections, there are also a number of refineries using high- speed, scientfic machinery for the purpose. SUMMARY OF 1933 ANNi7AL RE- PORT CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS (Continued from page 2) weII as by the hauling of traffic by one railway for the other. Many oth- er similar projects are under study, Somewhat similar studies Ioading to co-operative economies are being made in the United States under the Emergency Railroad Transportation Act 1933 under the general direction of the Federal ICo-ordinator of Rail- roads, The operating efficiency of the Con- adian National System continued to improve during the year, the report states, despite the disturbed condi, tions whieh prevailed. A comparison of some of the more conrmo•nIy recog- nized indices of operating • perform• ante shows that there was an increase in the gross and net tonnage per freight train, that the speed of freight trains was slightly increased, and that the fuel consumed per unit of freight train performance was re- duced. No capital expenditures were made for extensions to the property in 1933, and only such general additions and betterments as were absolutely ess- ential' for ssential'for safety were undertaken. The net additions and betterments for 1933 totalled $962,995. New rolling stock acquired during the year cost $1,594,880 representing 500 70 -ton gondola cars 'manufactur, ed by the Eastern Car Company, Lim- ited of New Glasgow, N.S; this order in: placed under the Dominion Go-; 5T TU FAflMERs vermnent Unemployment' Relief Act, the railway to effect payment for the same during 1934. Retirements of equipment during the .year consisted of 20 locomotives,' 3,590 freight cars, 10 passenger cars and 232 work equipment units. The original cost of this.' retired equip- ment was $4,688,838, of which amount $3,974,012 was charged to the year's operating expenses and salvage val- ue was charged to material account: Under the provisions of the Cana- dian National Railways Pension Act (non -(contributory) 495 employees were retired during 1933. Two hun- dred and forty six employees who were in receipt of pension died" during the year. The total number ,receiv- ing pensions under this Act at the end of 1933 was 3,250. Under the provisions of the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada Superannu- ation and Provident Fund Associa- tion, (a contributory fund which was closed to new members in 1908), 150 persons 'were in receipt of superan- nuation at the end of the year. Under the IntercoIonial and Prince Edward Island Railways Employees Provident Fund Act (acontributory plan, closed to new members in 1929) 1,661 persons were in receipt of sup- erannuation at the close of 1933. In concluding his report President Hungerford pays tribute to all officers and employees of the system for their loyal and efficient services during the year and also records his appre, dation of the service rendered to the company by the members of the old Board of Directors which retired from office at the end of 1933. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION STATEMENT There' were 4,057- accidents report- ed to The Workmen's Compensation Board during the month of March, as compared with 3,930 during February and 2,935 during March of 1938. The fatal cases numbered 24, as against 17 in February. The total benefits awarded amount - ed to X344,412.39, of which $277,930,' 51 was for compensation and $66-r 481.88 for medical aid. The accidents reported for the first quarter of, 1934 numbered 11,794, as, e mparedi with 8,311' for the same,' period last year, and'; the !benefits a- warded amounted to $934,922,51, as compared with $897,561,36 during the same period a` year ago. WHEN relatives arrive . . and your husband is away andy ou can't stand ,the strain by yourself Get him on Long Distance ... it's the quickest help in any emergency •If you're in a fix; or you're lonely; or any kind of emergency arises; Long Distance is there to help you, a quick, depend: able, personal messenger; clear and easy to use regardless of distance. Yoee can talk 100 miles for as little as 30c—see. list of rates in the front of your directory,. ONTARIO WARNING TO TRUCK OWNERS HALF -LOAD REGULATIONS NOW IN EFFECT Permit card must be carried in vehicle or by operator at all times THE HIGHWAY TRAFFIC ACT PROVIDES that the loads- which oadswhich may be carried by various types of vehicles during the months of March and April shall be limited as follows: SOLID TIRED Solid tired trucks and trailers shall not carry a load of more than VEHICLES half their registered carrying capacities. Pneumatic tired trucks and trailers with a registered carrying capacity of 3 tons and not more than 6 tons, shall be limited to a 3 -ton load. Pneumatic tired trucks and trailers with a registered carrying capacity of more than six tons shall be restricted to a load of' not more than half their registered carrying capacities. Horse drawn vehicles with a carrying capacity of more than one- ton shall be limited to 250 lbs. per inch in width of tire. PNEUMATIC TIRED VEHICLES HORSE DRAWN VEHICLES THESE LIMITATIONS APPLY ONLY ON THE FOLLOWING ROADS,, whether paved or unpaved, outside the limits of cities, towns or villages: ALL COUNTY ROADS ALL TOWNSHIP ROADS THE FOLLOWING KING'S HIGHWAYS: No. 2 Belle River to Tecumseh No. 17 4 Clinton to Durham 18 6 Williamsford to Chatsworth 19 7 Lucan to Arkona 21 7 Perth to Peterboro 21 9 Cookstown to Primrose 24 9 Orangeville to Grand Valley 29 10 Dundalk to Chatsworth 30 12 Beaverton to Atherley 33 12 Orillia to Midland 34 14 Foxboro to Sterling. • 37 15 Gananoque to Elgin Arnprior to Pembroke Amherstburg to Kingsville Tillsonburg to Pt. Burwell Petrolia to Oil Springs Morpeth to Thamesyille Galt to St. George Arnprior to Alrnonte Brighton to Campbellford Trenton to Marmora Lancaster to Hawkesbury Corbyville to Actinolite REGULATIONS NOW REQUIRE THAT THE PERMIT CARD ISSUEDr' POR A COMMERCIAL VEHICLE must accompany the vehicle at all times. It may be carried,by the operator or in some readily accessible part of the body - or cab of the vehicle., PENALTIES—–lighway Traffic Officers have been instructed to be especially vigilant in apprehending those who disobey these regulations and the Highway Traffic Act prescribes severe penalties for infractions of the weight regulations, or for failure to carry permit cards. Ontario's good roads represent an investment of millions of dollars which must be protected, especially against preventable damage. Every owner and driver of a conzmerczal vehicle must assume his full share of responsibility. Ontario Department of Highways The Honourable Leopold Macaulay, Minister.