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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1934-01-11, Page 6NIG 6 NEW A40 Timely Information for the Buse Farmer (Furnished by the Department of Agri culture ) Mulching Strawberries in many districts it is the prac- tice to mulch strawberry plantations with rye straw which, as it is hare vested early, is very fre©,from weed seeds and this is, a every important' feature where it is the custom to take future crops from the plantation. If manure' is used, care should be exec- cised in order that none will come in contact with the crown of the plant,. Mulch as soon as the ground is froz- en hard ,enough to Carry a wagon, for much damage may be caused by alternate freezing and thawing. i o=ared Order Fertilizer Early Plants asmuch as animals require food. Winter is a good time to plan the summer diet for crops. Manure supplemented with suger-phosphate is a splendid ration for most crops., Twenty-two years of experimental work at Dominion Experimental Farms have shown that yields may be maintained by. using .commercial fertilizers alone. If manure is scarce, therefore, use commercial fertilizers. Decide on the kind and amount needed, then order early so as to have it on hand when growth starts in the Spring. Winter Housing of Sheep Sheep do not require expensive and warm buildings. They ' do, however, appreciate a dry, roomy shed well protected against winds, well ventilated and free from draught. Do not crowd them in one pen. Twenty to twenty-five ewes do best together. Furthermore, a sheep requires from twelve to fif- teen feet of floor space and one foot of feeding space. Doors should be of good width to allow free :recess to and from the pens. Narrow doors are often the cause of abortion. Preg- nant ewes need a yard to exercise in. Farce them to walk' by feeding hay outside in good weather. Winter Hog Feeding Winter hog feeding requires diff ferent methods from those ordinarily found successful in summer. Stunt- ing and crippling are common during the winter and result largely from an, over -supply of heavy feeds as Well as from a lack of some of the vital eleinents. 'Lack of sunshine and exercise may also be contributory causes. Control measures to fore- stall these winter feeding difficulties are as follows: Use a variety of feeds in the ration including milk or tankage; provide alfalfa or clover hay or roots in small quantities; do not feed too heavily; allow young an- imals to exercise outdoes in mild weather; all stock should have cones fortable sleeping quarters which are dry and free from draughts. Simpie Methods for Treating Milking Machine Tubes The simplest and cheapest method' of controlling contamination from milking machine rubber parts con- sists in using a weak lye solution - (0.4 to 0.5 per cent) to keep the tubes sterilized between milkings. This is particularly designed for farms lacking an adequate supply of hot water. After a cold watersus tion 'rinse, immediately- following milking, the tubes as aro hung in a simple wooden rack, filled with ]ye solution, and left till the next milk- ing. Mangels For Poultry The chief value of roots as a poul- try feed lies in the fact that they can be stored during the winter months, and fed ever the period during which fresh green feeds are not available. They should not be, considered in any way as a completesubstitute for fresh. green feeds, chiefly because .they are quite deficient in vitamin content. The anti neuritic and anti- scorbutic vitamins are presentin on- ly the slightest traces, while the anti -rachitic vitamin is entirely lack- ing. In comparison, fresh clover, one of the most commonly used greer feeds, contains all three in abun- dance. The chief function of mare gels and roots in general is the sup- plying of succulence to the'ration. It has been found that by using man - gels and supplementing with a regu- lar dose of Epsom salts, laying birds, will come through the winter in fair- ly good shape. 1 The Principle of GLading Grading is based on the princip e that it is sound business to classify live stock, live stock products, and other Canadian commodities in .such a way that the consumer will be able to recognize and purchase quality products and that the producer will be enabled to obtain a higher price, Experience has proved the value of this theory. The identification" of top quality beef under red and :blue' ribbon bands, the grading of poultry, the segregation of eggs and fruit into quality grades which are known to practically every Canadian coni. sumer, and other 'grading activities have been a tremendous incentive to quality production with resultant benefit, to producers. Grading has not only served to create better prices for quality products, but has also brought about a substantial in- crease in consumption. At the same time, through grading Canadian pro- ducts maintain their high level of excellence in the markets of the world. In this way, the new regula- tions which are soon to be put in force with reference to, the grading of'bacon for export to the British market will solidify Canada's premier position as an Empire source of food products. davlL?'edi Home Cleaning of Small Vegetable Seeds Thresh out the seed by placing the plants in a strong, closely woven cotton sack. Light flailing with a stick will liberate the seed from pods or heads. Lettucemidcarrot seeds should be rubbed out by hand, using a pair of strong leather mitts, A coarse sieve will remove the Straw and chaff. Place the seed and chaff on a fine sieve; a quick, down- ward, side movement, repeated sev- eral times -will remove the chaff and light seed. Only the large plump seed should be kept. Hand picking will improve the sample. orm7sms6 Home Grown Grains for the Laying Flock . The following ration for laying pullets, composed mostly of hoine grown grains, is recommended by the Poultry Division of the Domin- ion Experimental Farms: Mash -2 parts of ground wheat, 1 part of ground oats, 1 part ground barley or corn, 1-2 part of ground beef and fish scrap, 2 per cent bone meal, 2 per cent cod liver oil, and 1 per cent salt; scratch grain -2 parts of wheat, 1 part oats, 1 part corn or buckwheat, 1 part barley. This ration may be varied according to what grains the farmer has available. THE CI TTON NEWS-RECOR .1111111. murtS., JAN. 11., 1934 Wheat In spite of the small wheat crop in 1933, international wheat prices have remained considerably below the average of 63c gold per bushel, fix- ed by the Wheat Pact as the mini- mum which must be attained before tarriff reductions will he initiated, Yet wheat supplies are so insufficient that some experts are beginning to anticipate world wheat shipments in excess of the basis used in fixing the quotas. A committee of the World Wheat' Commission has worked out a fair scale of price differentials for various grades df wheat front various countries: This will be submitted to the world Wi]leatCClommission in Jan= uary and the .question of establish- ing minimum prices for each grade will then be taken under considera- tion. During the present season world shipments of wheat have been small as a result of the ,large crops har- vested in those European countries which ordinarily import large quan- tities of this cereal. The total inter- national movement to December 11 amounted to only 191 million .bush- els as compared with 212 million bushels during the corresponding per- iod'last \season.' With the reduction of European supplies during the winter, it is anticipated that larger, quantities will be required from sure plus -producing countries later in the crop year. Despite excellent prospects early in the season and the large acreage sown to wheat, the wheat .crop !n Western Canada was severely injure ed by 'drought andthe yield amount- ed to only 253 million bushels, ac- cording to recent official estimates. The total crop for the whole Domin- ion is placed at 271 million bushels. With a carry over from last year's crop amounting to 212 million bush- els, Thus it follows that if the wheat exports came up to the full a- mount allowed under the ghota, the carry -oven' at the end of next July would be nedueed to approximately 163 million bushels. Wheat areas in the United •Stated suffered even more severely from drought than those in Canada. The' 1933 winter crop was the smallest since 1904 and amounted to only 340 million bushels as compared with 462 million bushels in 1932 and a five- year average of nearly 600 million bushels. Spring w heat yielded only 174 million bushels against 265 mil-, lion bushels in the previous year. The total crop h arvested amounted to 515 million bushels, substantially Iess than the annual disappearance of wheat in the United States for domestic purposes. Stocks of old wheat were also heavy in the United States, but axe being held against domestic requirements as this gear's yield was so light. The Pacific States alone produced a surplus and exports, mainly to the Orient, are be- ing made from this area under Gov- ernment supervision. Shipments to date have amounted to,approximately 71=2 million bushels, an exceedingly smalltotal considering the position ordinarily occupied by the United States .asa wheat exporter. It is not considered that exports from the United States will be an important factor during the present season in spite of the substantial quota allow- ' Canadian Grains Won The superior development attain- ed by northern -grown grain is no- where demonstrated more convincing- ly than at the. International Hay and GrainShow held in Chicago. At the Show last December, Canadian ex- hibits again . carried •off the lion's share of the Championship awards in the following classes, namely: Hard Red Spring wheat, Durum.. Wheat, Medium Late White Oats (region 1), Early Oats (region 1), Trebi Barley, Two -rowed Barley, Rye, Flax; Soya Beans (region 1 and 2), Large Field Peas, Small Field Peas, A. O. V. Field Peas, Alsike Clover, Timothy, Alf- alfaWestern section) n) and' Navy Beans. In the Hard Red Spring Wheat class, Canadian entries were awarded the first 39 prizes. In the Soya Bean class for region 1 and 2, the first six prize winners were all from Ontario, an indication of the progress made by this pro- vince in the production of this crop. In the exhibits of Alfalfa Seed for the "East," the eight winning samples from, Canada were from Ontario. Seven of these were among the first 13 prize-winning lots and included the 2nd, 4th and 7th. In the class for Alsike seed, On- tario growers again demonstrated the place of this province as a lead- ing producer of high-class Alsike seed, 14 of the 20 prizes offered be- ing won by Ontario. The champion- ship in this class went to an exhibit by Eisen Richert of Fisherville, Ont. The splendid showing made by. Canadian grain and small seed at the International Show proves that Canada continues to produce grain of superior quality which is able to face the keenest competition in theworld and: win major awards' with compar- ative ease, ed under the wheat agreement. In North America then the 1933 crop was 380 million bushels less than that of the 1932-33 figure, and 500 million bushels less than :.the five-year average. In Europe, the total area sown to wheat showed little change frond 1932 and growing conditions were gener- ally favorable. Larger acreages were reported for England and Wales and for France, and these countries re- port bountiful harvests. The British crop amounted to 57 million as com- pared with 41 million bushels in 1932, and the French to 339 million against 333 million bushels. The Italian crop. reached the record total of '298 mil- lion bushels, an increase of 20 mil- lion over the preceding year. France and Italy have produced sufficient wheat this year to meet their own repuirements. In fact, a eurplus ex- ists in the former country and some export shipments have been made. A, larger crop was also harvested in the Danubian Basin, where the yield last year was little above dom- estic requirements. Supplies are available for practically the full a, mount of the quota but quality he hardly been suitable since, on account of large domestic supplies, the need in importing countries has beers mostly for hard or semi -hard wheat for mixing purposes. x The. Russian situation is, as usual, obscure. Estimates of the area sown to the individual grains are not a- vailable but the total sown to all. spring grains was reported to bethe largest in the past three years. Strong exception was taken by the Russian representative to the small quota available under the wheat a- greement but shipments to date have amounted to only 16 million bushels. During the corresponding period last OF INTERESTTO FARMERS year, Russia, which shipped a total only 18 million bushels during the whole season, had already shipped 14 million, bushels. Unless shipments are greatly accelerated in the spring; the quota suggested for Russia Should prove ample for the supplies available, The quality of Russian grain is reported ,to be very poor. The first official estimate of the Argentine wheat crop has just been issued and indicates a yield of '256 million bushels, an increase from a total of 236 million bushels harvested last year. The situation early in the season was favorable but later reports suggiated that heavy damage was probable from drought and lo- custs. The crop' however recovered underimproved weather conditions during the latter part of the grow- ing period. Supplies at the begin-, ping of the crop year were compara- tively large but shipments during the autumn have been heavy and stocks have been substantially re- duced. After full allewance has been made ofr domestic requirements, the amount available for export will more than cover total shipments al- lowed under the wheat pact. In Australia conditions have not been so satisfactory. The acreage sown was slightly smaller than last year, but drought has been general. The crap is now officially estimated at 165 million bushels, against 210 million bushels last year. Private authorities place the crop much low, er than the official figure, the most pessimistic report suggesting 140 million bushels only. Approximately 55 million bushels are required for domestic purposes and stocks of old wheat remaining in the country are small, so that Australia may not be able to ship the full amount of her emote during the present crop year. Since Canada and, the United States are carrying the heavy burden of surplus stocks from previous .crops these countries under the wheat a- gnaement• will supply any demand which may arise above the total of 560 million, bushels stipulated and make up any deficiency arising as a result of any country not being able to ship its full 'quota. As supplies in the United States are hardly more than ample for .their own needs, there is at least a reasonable prob- ability that shipments of, wheat from Canada this season will .be permitted to exceed the total of 200 million bushels allowed under the wheat ae greernent. DREAM OPALS CARVED BY CRAFTSMAN OF LONG AGO Many years ago' there was a craftsman who Meade ornaments for lovely ladies. Slim wrists of Orien- tal dancers sparkled with his handl work, regal heads were hung With the creations of his dreams of beau- ty. But of all the jewels with which he worked the one he loved the most was the opal.: Dneday he found an opal of great size and price. It was as large as his 'closed hand, lustrous as the star. above the crescent moon, and lum- inous with elusive fires. He would make of this opal, he thought, the most Iperfect jewel he had ever made, so that seekers of beauty would see it and wander. With reverence he worked, as he carved this dreams into the shifting colors, until he had fashioned a bracelet fit to adorn the loveliest lady of all time, That was so many years ago that most of the legends, have been forgotten, and the crafts man's jewels are sealed in undiscov- ered tombs, METEOR WEIGHS 35 TONS The t largest known meteoric mass weighed pounds g d 73 ,000. p n and was brought bask from Cape York, Green- land, by Peary. The second largest lies in la plain near Bacubirita, 'Mex- ico, and weighs about 50,000 pounds. The third largest is a meteorite found in a forest in Oregon. These areall iron meteorites. The largest known stone meteorite, weighing about 850 pounds, fell in Hungary in 1886. YELLOW OF EYE MOST SENSITIVE The blind spot of the retina of the eye where the optic nerve enters is familiar to most persons as being a spot on the retina where there is no sensibility to light. Yet each eye has a yellow spot, points out a direct tor of Better 'Vision institute, which is in the center of the retina and which is most. sensitive, to light of the entire retina. "It is with this spot that our vision- is directed," he says in an article in The Salt Lake Tribune. "If we fix our eye on a line of printed matter, the center of the line is distinctly and sharply seen, but the words toward the end of the line are vague, HENSALL: At the school Board meeting held here members elected for 1934 were as follows: F. Manns, chair pan a ' A. Case, e, secretary-treas- } urer; other members, W. 0. Goodwin, A, Clark, E. McQueen, Q. Hess, Mr. Manns tatting H. Horton's place as chairman. The board; reports every- thing in good shape this year, having: a surplus of over $300. twesomeeo WING•HA141: Miss Helen Graham, a resident ofthis locality for over sixty years, passed away Sunday morning.. Deceased, who was in -heal eighty-fifth year, was a native of Scotland, conning to Canada with her parents at the age of 20, and settling in Lower Wingham, where she re - Sided until eight y.2ars ago when; she came here to live with her nieces, the Misses Elizabeth, Mary and., Beas trice Graham.' During her life she had been a very active member in the Presbyterian Church. The ':funeral service was conducted at her late residence, John Street, on Mondayaf- ternoon at 2 o'clock by Rev. Kenneth MacLean. 'Interment in the Wingham Cemetery. • IGO'DERICH: Word of the death of his sister, Alice (Mrs. George Tweedie,) was received by Frederick Love on Saturday. She died at her home in, Toronto in the early hours of the morning, after an illness of eight months. Deceased was in her 44th year. She was born in Coiling - wood, a oiling-wood,a daughter of the late Freder- ick Love and was raised in Goderich where she was married to Arthur Drinkwater, who died of lock-jaw two years after their marriage. She Ieft Goderielt to reside in Toronto 22 years ago and was married there to Mr. Tweedie. Deceased was an active member of the Baptist Church, both here and in Toronto. Surviving, be- sides her husband, are three sons, Fred A. Drinkwater, of Detroit; John R Tweedie, and George A. Tweedie, of Toronto, and one grandchild; also two brothers, Frederick T. Love, of Goderich, and Sidney C. Love, of Ire on Mountain, Michigan. The remains were brought to Goderich on Monday. The funeral service was conducted at the home of the deceas- ed's brother, F. T. Lore, Williams street, on Tuesday, with interment In Maitland Cemetery. o GODERIOH, Work is proceeding rapidly at the plant of the Goderich Salt Co, on the installation of the new 1,000 -ton hydraulic press, This is designed to turn out 50 -pound blocks of pure and iodized salt' for the farm trade in both Eastern and Western Canada. These blocks are made of kiln -dried salt to which is added a scientific proportion of pow- dered iodine and iron oxide or left pure depending on the variety de- sired. As in the case of human be- ings the iodised variety wards off various thyroid troubles in live stock, Since its use has become general the improvement in the health of stock in both the west and the east has been marked. The new press has a capacity of 3,000 pounds in blocks per hour. It is a massive structure when complete, weighing 35 tons. A fifty horsepower motor is necessary for its operation. --Star. oe�ls�u HENSALL: Th: death occurred here of Mrs. Peter Robertson at the home of her daughter, Mrs., Robert BOT FLY AND WARBLE FLY CONTROL internal and External parasites o7 live stock are responsible for a tremendous amount of loss each year to the farmers of Ontario. Two of theor w st offenders, are the Bot li f e � s attacking horses and the Warble or Heel flies which are responsible for the running or "gadding" of cattle during the summer months. As farmers are becoming more in- terested in the control of these pests, the Ontario Department of Agriculture at Clinton has arranged for a series of meetings on this sub- ject. Alt farmers in the districts where these.meetinge are being held, are cordially invited to attend. The time, place, and date of these meet- ings are, as follows: Eliinville, Church Basement, Thursday, Jan. llth,'at 8 p.m,; Exe- ter, Town Hall, Friday, January 12th, 2 p.m.; Varna, Township Hall, Saturday, January 13th, 2 P.m.; Lon, desboro, Community Hall, Monday, Jan. 16th, 2 p.m.; Wingham, Town Hall, Tuesday, Jan. 16th, 2 pan.; Brussels, Town Hall, Wednesday, Jan. 17th, 2 pen.; Ethel, Township Hall, Wednesday, Jan. 17th; 8 pan.; Gerrie, Township Hall, Thursday, Jan. '18th, 2 p.m,; Fordwich, Church Hall, Thursday, Jan. 18th, 8 p.m.; Seaforth, Town Hall, Saturday', Jan, 27th, 2 p.m.; Zurich, Township Hall, Thursday, Feb. 1st, 1 gm....' Traquair. The deceased was in hex 93rd year. She suffered 'a fall on New Year's night while coining downstairs. Mrs . Robertson was' the widow of Peter Robertson who pre- deceased her many years ago. She leaves two daughters, 'Mrs. Newell, of Foam Lake, Sask.; Mrs. Robert Traquair, Iensall; two sons, John, who resides on the homestead farm, west of Chiseihurst, and Angus, of Foam Lake, Sask. Three brothers, John, Jenies and Neil iMcEwan, all. of Ailsa Craig. The funeral took place from the residence of her slaughter, Mrs. Traquair, Tuesday afternoon. Service was conducted by Rev'. Arthur Sinelair, pastor of the United church, pf which she was a member, assisted by Rev. W. A. Young, minister of tarmel Presby- terian, Church, Interment was in Hansell Union Cemetery. Meat Feeds for Poultry Though it is not generally under- etood, all vaaaieties4of fowl are natural meat eaters and a considerable pro- portion of their ration should consist of one or more of the available feeds supplying ianisnal protein. Such feeds as meat meal, tankage, fish meal, buttermilk powder, or green bone are valuable and essential, and lack of body condition and Iow egg production frequently may be traced to their absence in the ration. Since all animal feeds are goys erned by their total digestible nutri- ment they are variable in feeding value. Their actual worth 6s dis- closed only by a guaranteed analysis and their palatability. A variety is preferable to any one kind, and the total dry mash mixture should con- tain at least 15 per cent of these concentrates when ,the birds are en- tirely egnilined oto the ihousle. On free range this proportion may be reduced according to the area and the nature of the range. If there is an abundance of insects and worms and a liberal supply of skiinined mills is given as drink, the meat portion' of the ration may be almost or en- tirely absent; but this condition would be present only in the early spring with a limited number et birds' on free range. When in confinement or allowed only the liberty of small yards, the laying stock at the Dominion Experi- mental Station, Harrow, receives a constant supply of animal feeds in the proportion of 10 parts dried but- termilk powder, 6 parts fish meal, 4 parts meat meal, and 4 parts bone meal. These concentrates form 15 per cent of the dry mash mixture and may be varied at times to suit conditions. When favourable results are attained they may be credited to the skillful feeding of a balanced ration plus breeding.. 'Overhaul the Spray Outfit This is the time of the year that a grower should give some thought to those factors which limited his production and affected the quality of the crops produced in 1933. A Frequent limiting teeter in profit- able crop production is the preval- ence of plant diseases. 'Much of the loss occasioned by plant diseases might be prevented by practicing recommended control measures such as spraying, seed selection,crop ro- tation and the use of resistant vagi ieties. Spraying is very importane and has become an essential part of a grower's programme, For sprays to be effective, the applications. must be made timely and thorough- ly and this can only be accomplished by the efficient operation of .the Spray outfit. Delays arising from breakage in equipment during the spraying season are often very cost- i y and results are disappointing. Consequently, growers are urged to make use of the winter months to overhaul the spray outfit, make the : necessary replacements of worn and weak ,parts, repack the pump and see that everything is in readiness for the season's work. Spray outfits - are required to do heavy work and it, • is to be expected that parts will bee come worn and weakened, interfer- ing with the efficiency of operations . It is a common experience during the Spraying season, to see outfits which • should be working, idle due to break age and delay in obtaining necessary repairs; Time and money can be, saved by overhauling the spray se quipment now. Some Canadian Plants Akin to Animal Life When is a plant not a plant?" There are in Canada's flora three wild plants that are on the border line between a plant and the anneal world, according to an article in the Canadian National Railways 'Maga- zine. They are the pitcher plant, the sundew and the bladderwort, the food of which consists of insects. The pitcher plant has tubular leaves with bristles which point downwards-- and downwardsand prevent ;insects from crawling- out. At the bottom is a small pool' of rain water into which the insects are drowned. The sundew possesses tenacles which exude a sticky liquid " holding the insect fast until it dies. The tentacles secrete a juice, some, thing like pepsin, and this helps in digesting the insects. Bladderwort, a waterplant, has bladders which are very' sensitive and any aquatic prey which might happen to touch any of then is sucked into the inter- ior of the bladder. NEW VARIETY OF FRUIT FOR CANADIAN MARKET Large quantities of British Hon- duran grapefruit and oranges, are arriving on the Montreal and Toron- to markets this season in competi- tion with the Jamaican product, and during 1934 it is hoped to double the quantity exported to 'danada front British Honduras. The forecast was made by A, Leys Brown, agent in Montreal for the British I•Ionduras Citrus Association in Belize. Ur. Brown said the British Hon- durans had installed modern machin- cry for sorting, polishing and stamp- ing the fruit. The origin will be marked on each skin. He told how the colony had only 25 acres under grapefruit in 1928, whereas they now have 2,000 acres under grapefruit.; Some of this grapefruit are as big as a man's head. THE CONTINENTS Europe, Asia and Africa are usual. ly classed as separate continents, ev, en though Europe and Asia comprise one great land mass, Eurasia. To these must be added North America, South America and Australia. Some authorities add a seventh continent, Antarctica, the land mass around the South pole. A continent is defined as one of the great divisions of land" on the globe, differing from an is, land or peninsula not only in its size but in its structure, which is that of a large basin bordered by mountain •• chains. &LMY 4Vs. c�Q EVERGREEN PLAYGROUND' Reduced Fares to -_. VANCOUVER, 13.0 �1 -- VICTORIA, B.C. also to Seattle, Wash. v.` Turn Winter into Summer( Como to Canada's Evergreen Playground on the Sunny Paci- fic Caine. Spend balmy days out of doors riding, golfing, bik- ing, motoring.. LOW roil fares and special win- ter rates et hotels both contri-' bate to the economy of o holiday in this sunny Canadian Play-. grotund on the Pacific coast. Tickets good going Nov.15.to Feb. 28 Return limit, April 30. Stop overs allowed at all intermediate points. Futi information from m. Always Use ticket agent. Canadian National Telegraphs and Express w aes ate-. 2' Canadian National..