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The Clinton News Record, 1937-11-25, Page 6T melg lnform4ation for the )Busy Farmer (Furnished.by the Department. of Agriculture) Wire Basket for Eggs _ One of the requirements for mem- bership in the newly organized On- tario Poultryfarm, Egg Producers is that the eggs be gathered and cooled M wire baskets. There's a reason. The keeping quality of the egg is greatly improved by rapid cooling; In a test it was found that eggs gath- ered in wooden pails had a tempera- ture in- five hours of 82 degrees and in 'ten hours of 65 'degrees. Eggs gathered at the same time in wire baskets had a five hour temperature of 67'/a degrees and a 10; hour •tem- perature of 561/4 degrees. Wire baskets for egg collection are now in almost universal use on com- mercial egg plants in. the New York and Boston areas. Wire baskets are now manufactured and sold by poul- try supply firms. A. very satisfactory basket can be made with sides of light dumber and a bottom of wire netting with half-inch mesh. Screw a spool under the bottom corners so that the air can always circulate up through the eggs. Dipping Sheep . Ticks and other external parasites of sheep are serious enough at any time and cause more direct loss than is generally supposed, but during the period when the sheep are in winter quarters it is even more important to rid them of all sources of irrita- tion. It is especially desirable that the flock be clean before and during lambing, otherwise the infestation is sure to be passed along to the lambs! which will thus receive a very seri-' ous set -back at the most important period of their lives: ,Properly dipped in the autumn, on some warm day when the fleeces will dry out quickly, the whole flock will remain clean throughout the winter, unless, of course, other undipped ani -1 mals are brought to the farm. Wiib I the very convenient powder dips, sheep are • put through the minimum of bother and at a cost of only a few cents per head. The only thing ne- cessary is to make sure of good dip, diluted to the proper strength, and that every animal is passed through the solution slowly and thoroughly saturated. International' Exposition Canadian farmers from several provinces of the Dominion have many entries in the 38th International Live Stock Exposition and the 19th Inter national Grain. and Hay Show .which will be held at Chicago from Nevem. ber 27 to December 4, 1937, inclusive. Ever since the inauguration of these two shows Canadians have taken a conspicuous part, each year winning a fair share of the blue ribbons. In 1936 exhibitors from the Dominion won 16 grand championships, 10 re- serve grand championships, 76 first prizes and 277 other awards. Since the International Grain and Hay Show has been held at Chicago, Cana- dians have won the championship prize for wheat no less than 14 times and 22 times since the International competition was introduced in 1911 at the New York Land Show, The 1936 winner was Herman Trelle, of ,Wembley, Peace River, Alberta, who also won the championship in 1930, 1931 and 1932. Every winner from Canada of this coveted award has scored with a variety of wheat devel- oped by the Cereal Division, Experi- mental Farms Branch, Dominion De- partment of Agriculture. The joint international shows held annually at Chicago are among the leaders in agricultural shows. This year it is expected the live stock en- tries will total about 15,000 and the grain and hay entries will be between • 5,000 and 6,000, principally from the United States and Canada, though there will be some from 13 other countries. • later. Three months' courses are being held at Walkerton in Bruce. County; Milton in Halton; Grimsby, Lincoln; Ailsa Craig, Middlesex; Bolton, Peel;. Stratford, Perth; Norwich, Oxford; Roseville, Waterloo; Lyndon, Went- worth. Courses of one month's -duration are being held in St. Andrews, `,len garry; Read, Hastings; Alice, Ren- frew; Hillsdale, North Simcoe; Cree- more, South Simcoe; Wareham, Grey; Alfred, Prescott and Russell. Municipalities in which these cour- ses are being held will provide halls for instruction, while the Ontario De- partment of Agriculture will provide two resident instructors in agricul- ture. They will be O.A.G. graduates who are practical farmers, and will be assisted by the agricultural repre- sentative of the county; and govern- ment specialists who will give special lectures. The Home Economics course will be under the direction of the Women's Institute Branch, Ontario Depart- ment of Agriculture, and will have one resident instructress. She will be assisted by special W. I. speakers from time to time. It is expected that at least 1,000 boys and girls will receive instruc- tion' this winter at these courses. Guelph Winter Fair Entries Pouring In Present indications point to a re- cord entry Iist for the Ontario Pro- vincial Winter Fair and Fat Stock Show, states L. E. O'Neill, secretary - treasurer of the fair. Mr. O'Neill and other officials were highly de- lighted with prospects for a success- ful show and more than pleased with the number of exhibitors showing at Guelph for the first time. The fair opens on Tuesday, Nov. 30 and con- cludes Dec. 2nd. There will be an ex- ceptionally fine light horse show each night of the fair in the judging arena. The steer market class is always a feature at Guelph, There are five classes with eight prizes in each class ranging from $25 to $10. An auction sale of cattle will be held Thursday morning, Des. 2nd, with buyers pre- sent from all over Ontario. This sale has in the past netted exhibitors tandsome returns, The Guelph fair has always been considered a fanners' show and right- ly so. A trip to Guelph can be con- sidered as a pre -Christmas gift to yourself and family, Mr. Farmer. Educational features will include an important soil -testing demonstration by Prof. G. Ruhnke and his Chemistry staff of the Ontario Agricultural Col- ege. Every farmer should see this demonstration and make arrange- ments for a soil test on his own farm in order that he may farm more in- telligently and profitably in the years to come. There will also be a market potato exhibit by the Hillsburg grow- ers that will be well worth seeing. Just remember this. 'Six big shows in one; $20,000 in prizes for cattle, horses,sheep, swine, seeds and poul- try. Remember the dates, Nov. 30th, Dec. lst and 2nd. Short Courses A three months' short course in Agriculture and Horne Economics for farm boys and girls, ranging in ages from 16 to 30, has been announced for nine counties by R. S. Duncan, direc- tor of agricultural representatives, Ontario Department of Agriculture. There is no fee for those taking the course, which commences Nov. 23rd and ends Feb. 25th with Christmas vacation from Dec. 18th to Jan, 3rd inclusive.. In addition to the above course, seven one month's courses have been arranged starting Nov. 23rd, More of these courses will be announced COUGHS} DISTEMPER, BROKEN WIND ' have mot their master in ZEV—made by the mak- era of Buckley's Mixture. Stockmen, poultry breed- ers, etc„ who have used ZEV say it is positively "sure fire" relief for all respiratory diseasesin horses, cattle, sheep, pigs,. poultry.: and doge. 11 is amain how quickly it gets results in the most stub- born rases. In fact, we guarantee ZEV to doin a day or two what it took old- fashioned remedies a month to do. Pet 4f. sire 500. Mock size $1.00. Get ZEV at yv. S. R.HOLMES ' , . . Proper Use Of Land Farm Corner Stone The purpose of a land -utilization program is to put the land to its best and most profitable use. In more detail, this program involves a policy of readjustment in land usage where necessary, the retirement from' agri- culture of land which persistently re- fuses to yield a profit, a definite pol- icy and program on soil conservation, and an orderly plan for the use of potential or undeveloped agricultural land as economic conditions warrant, states Dr A. Leahey, Soil Specialist, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Such a program must take into con- sideration not only the present use of the land but also its probable best use in the future. While certainly not all agricultural distress can be attributed to the misuse of land, its proper use is the corner -stone in building a permanent and profitable system of agriculture. While a successful program of land usage depends upon the evaluation of all the factors that enter into success- ful farming, the first step is to secure an inventory of all those factors that determine tke productivity of the soil. In making such an inventory the use of soil -survey data is essential, for soils even under the same climatic conditions differ widely in their pro- ductive capacity, Hence sound poli- cies for land usage cannot be put in- to effect without a knowledge of the characteristics of the different soils and their geographic location and ex- tent. In Canada, while land utilization programs are really+ only in their in- fancy, soil surveys have been conduct- ed for several years in most of the provinces. The responsibility for the carrying out of these surveys rests with the provincial colleges or De- p:artmentsof Agriculture in co-opera- tion with the Dominion Department of Agriculture through, the Dominion Experimental Farms Bxianch. 'HE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD } 'LP1i"iw.•.l1tr • worill'°r".•.• emov ❖medydir'i'.M, YOUR ,WORLD.AND MINE, (Cropyright) by JOHN C. KI•RS.WOOD' ..tir'.e.' eesee ` YL•.•.YAN.iV.Y1.1 derdWiee `. WYSO.'.'.'La/' iatedM, Some weeks ago, in a contributiion way to the upper floor was piecipit- to the :News -Record I had something ous and narrow. There were no corn - to say about the planning of town „and £ortable ehairs'in that home. Candles city houses. I said, for example,' that and coal oil lamps provided the night' Illumination, and there was extreme caution taken against an excessive use of light. The way down cellar was steep and dark, and the cellar was dark as a dungeon. the living room should be placed, at the rear of the house, or, at any rate, should" have one of its walls facing the garden; that there should be no ugly lean-tos at the rear of. the house; that the kitchen could be placed at the front of the house: that the three In the good old days of big families, main rooms are the living room, the spacious family rooms were to be de - kitchen and the bathroom,. and that sired—a large kitchen and a large liv- more thought should be given to ing roomy In many homes the kit these rooms than 'to other rooms, and ehen and dining room were one and that more money should be spent on the same, and there was no "living" them than ' on the dining room and room as the term is understood today, bedrooms; that the bedrooms, could 'but. instead there was •a "parlour" — be small, and the dining room like- used only when there was "company" wise. And I said, in that contribu- or when there, was a "party." tion, that someday I would have some- In the old days—and probably the thing to say about farm homes. So practice continues—hired help, male today it is about farm homes that I and female, ate with the family, which going to write about. may be all right in this 'democratic -�" country; yet I feel_ that there are I am quite aware that in Ontario times when meals should be served in new farm homes are not being built a superior room, not always in the in any large number.. Most houses on kitchen, and that at such times there farms are old, and they may be con- should be regard for the niceties, sidered both good enough and large meaning that those sitting down at enough to meet requirements, for the table should wear "Sunday" many years to come. Even if there clothes, including a coat. were a widespread desire to build a If there is any class of home where new farm home, it is not likely to a'good bathroom is desirable, it is a be built because of the item of cost. farm home. The work on a farm is Farmers — this speaking broadly — often of such a character that one have not been prosperous for many perspires freely, and often dust and years, and the outlook is none too sweat and barnyard and stable work bright. So there is an understand- soil the body and give .it and clothes able disinclination to invest $5000 or unpleasant odours. So there should so in a new farm home. This would be facilities for bathing the whole be uneconomic procedure. But even if body frequently, with plenty of hot farmers were prosperous, to the point water always at command. This where they could afford a new house, bathroom and its services should be very, very few of them would build a freely available to all workers on new house, or even spend much money the farm and in the home. on remodelling the present house. Most certainly farm houses should This does not mean that existing be easy to work in. Kitchen and din- farm houses are so satisfactory, eith- ing-room should be close to each oth- er in the matter of their .planning or err and in all other room relationships in the matter of their condition„ that there should be ease of communica- it would just be unwarranted extra- tion, Steps should be economized to vagance to either build a new house the fullest possible extent. All rooms or remodel the old one. Rather does should be well -lighted rooms, inalud- it mean that farmers and farmer's ing the front hall and other halls, and wives are not very appreciative of well-planned houses. House -planning has not been a subject of much inter- est to them. Young people, especial- ly daughters, may want a well-plan- ned house, but children, even if they are in their 20's, are not likely to have much influence, or even much voice, in the matter of having a bet- ter house. Parents' are apt to say, "If we have been able to put up with this house for 20 or more years, we can do so easily for the rest of our life," And that's that! Occasionally, though, you will find older persons demanding something better than that which they had put up with for 25 or more years. Thus, I heard of one old lady who lived on a farmwho insisted on having instal- led a good bathroom in her home. She was a widow, and lived on the farm with her married son. This old lady asked a plumber to tell her, the cost of installing a bathroom in her home. (It was the plumber who told me this story). He quoted $400—this after having inspected the home, in a pur- pose to settle on where to put the bathroom. The son objected strongly; he thought it would be just wasting $400 to have a bathroom in the house. But the old mother was spunky, and determined, "It is my money," she said, "and I have long wanted a bath- room, and I am going to have it. I haven't many more years to live, but before I die I am going to have a bathroom". And so the bathroom was installed. Three' cheers for the old mother - I cannot say that I have knowledge of many farmhouses. I suppose that I have been in many in the course of my life, but just as a short -time vis- itor—for an hour or so—in most of them, But I have been observant of hundreds upon hundreds of farm homes as I have driven along high- ways; and the impression made on me was that the houses seen were carelessly, thoughtlessly planned. A good many houses one sees are brick, and many have verandahs which never seem to be used: they were probably intended to be a "feature—a sort of decoration—rather than to be a place where one could rest at the close of the day, in semi -outdoors. Sometimes these "stoops" are not placed where they would give one good views, or shelter from cold and strong winds. They darken the ro6ms which open on them, and they cannot be entered di- rectly from the room—by "French" windows or doors. Quite too often both windows and doors are too nar- row, and not infrequently there are too few windows. In other words, the interiors of most farm homes are too dark, I am thinking . of one farm home that I knew well. The "parlour" was a very dark room, and the sunlight, was kept out of it with calculated de- liberation. It was feared that the sun would fade the carpet -and the carpet was a rather drab "rag" car- pet, such as were 'in vogue in pioneer days. The room was always musty, because the windows were rarely op- ened to let in fresh air. The farmer and his wife had a bedroom that was not larger than 10 feet by 8 feet, Here they slept for 25 or, more years. No room ins this house was Targe or at- tractive or ' well -lighted. The stair - including also, the' cellar. Farmers themselves should not plan their own houses—no more than they should try to mend their watch or to draw up their own will. I am hoping that the time is getting near when many a farm home will be re -modelled, and when many a new house will be built, and that these new abodes will be fully worthy of the fine people who have to live in them. ' NO RIV,IOUS DAMAGE DONE BY COMMON RAT "Man's greatest enemy in the ani- mal world is the' common brown 'or` house rat", states Dr. Arthur- Gib- son, Dominion Entomologist, Domin- ion Department of Agriculture, The destruction done by this rat to food- stuffs, such as grains, meats,,grocer- ies, fruits and vegetables, eggs, poul- try and to the foundations of build- ings, represents an enormous figure in Canada. An official of the United States Biological Survey has commit - ed that in the United States the de- struction caused by rats and mice is over $200,000,000. ' As an indication of the remarkable fecundity of the common brown rat,Dr. Gibson states that it breeds from 6 to 10 times a year and an average lit- ter numbers 10. At this rate a pair of rats, breeding uninterruptedly and without deaths would at the end of three years (18 .generations) be in- creased to 359,709,482 rats. In addition to the enormous destruc- tion of food and materials caused by the brown rat, it is very serious' men- ace to public health, for it carries dis- ease. To control rats they should be de- nied access to places where they ob- tain food and rear their young. An effective way to do this is to make buildings rat proof and concrete as a material of construction is the best for the purpose. Special attention should be paid to the closing of all apertures especially in foundations where drain and other pipes enter, in order to keep the rats nut, Doors to buildings should be bound with strong sheet metal. The holes of rats or mice can be readily fiIIed with a little concrete, broken glass or crockery. Trapping is one effective method of destroying sats. The best traps are those of the spring or guillotine type, and should be bait- ed with meat, fish, oatmeal, cooked eggs or fruit. The wire cage trap is also good, especially where the rats are abundant. Poisoning is another method of speedy destruction, but the greatest care must be observed in the use of It. Barium carbonate is a cheap, tasteless and odorless poison. It may be nixed in dough composed of 4 parts of ,meal or flour and one part of poison, or a stiff dough of 8 parts of oatmeal and one part of poison, Canada exported' to the United Kingdom 7,280,928 Ili. of unmenufac- tured tobacco (683,687 lb. of which was stripped) from January 1 to Aug- ust 31, 1937. THURS., NOV. 25,' 1937.' You may be alone a u . bid yoa'ee neve &wi when you have a TELEPHON E The telephone is the •grandest company -- and an unfailing remedy for that all alone feeling. So, while you may be per. fectly happy with your own society, it's pleasant to know that you can call up friends and neighbors whenever you wish and that they can call you. The telephone. spells security, too, for it's there to serve you in any emergency. Water should be added, when neces- sary, to make the bait moist. The poisoned dough should be placed on the runways of the rats. In recent years, a poison known as Red Squill, obtainable through drug stores, has been used effectively. It has the advantage over other common- ly used poisons in that it is relatively harmless to humans and domestic ani- mals, but, when properly applied is highly toxic to rats, Chopped fresh fish, canned fish, freshly ground neat and cereal, such as oatmeal, cornmeal, or bran, are recommended as baits. Mix one ounce of powdered Red Squill with enough water to make a thin paste without humps and add this to one pound of the fish or meat and mix thoroughly. In making a cereal bait, mix one ounce of dry Red Squill with one pound of cereal and then add one pint of sweet milk or water, stirring thoroughly. It is recommended that fish, meat, and cereal baits be used at one and the same time to ensure that all the rats are attracted and eat of the poisoned material. Before distributing the baits an at- tempt should be made to remove or cover, insofar as possible, other sour= ces of food available to the rats, The • bait should be put out in later after- noon, in small portions about the size of a marble, in and about the places frequented by the rats. After the lapse of three days uneaten baits should be collected and destroyed. If, after an interval of three weeks sur- viving• rats are seen, identical baits should be distributed at intervals of two days, but without the addition of Red Squill, When it is observed that - these baits are being eaten all uneaten portions should be removed and fresh ppisoned baits should be distributed. This procedure should result in a sat- • isfactory clean-up of the rats. 1 i BILLY VAN Says: One of the most successful salesmen of this time, Mr. Billy Van, says that successfulsalesmanshipis simply the application of showmanship to merchandising." "The secret of success in acting is to rehearse and rehearse and rehearse until you have created an unforgettable impression upon the mind of the actor. He then lives his part. His sincerity enables his audience to live it with him. Of course, the play must be good. It gets you nowhere to have people say, "Billy Van was great, but the show was rotten!" Similarly you must have a good product, and because you are talking to a procession and not a standing crowd, your advertising must be insistent and persistent. You must rehearse and rehearse and rehearse if both the show and the actors the product and the actors—are to get their message across—to create the unforgettable impression. "There is no such thing as sales resistance to quality merchan- dise at the right price," said, Mr. Van. "The secret of salesmanship is to give as much as possible for as little as possible, The ' Clinton News-Kecord Gives the News of Clinton and Community -Read It