HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1937-06-03, Page 6PAGE 6
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THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD
THURS., JUNE 3,:1937...
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AND
Th e g Information for the
usg Fanner
(Furnished by the Department of Agriculture)
1
Control the Tent Caterpillar Controlling Cutworms
Now is the time to control tent cutworms are ustialIy active and
caterpillars. The whitish webs con-
etructed, by the insects are only too
commonly seen on neglectedfruit
trees, and on roadside trees, especial-
ly wild cherries. The caterpillars
may be readily killed by spraying in-
fested trees with lead arsenate 2 lbs.
in 40 gallons, or by destroying the
tents by hand when the caterpillars
are inside them, which is usuallyy on
cloudy days and early in the moaning,
Burning the nests' with a torch is ef-
fective, but it may injure the trees.
Simple Insect Control
The control of most vegetable ,in-
sects is not a very difficult or 'corn -
plicated matter if the .grower will
bear in mind one or two simple facts
Which can be quickly learned by
watching the habits of the pests caus-
ing the damage. Insects, according
to the type of injury they do, can
be divided into two general classes;
those known as biting insects, which
in feeding actually bite a piece out
of the plant attacked, and those
known as sucking insects which suck
the juices out of the leaves or stems
without noticeably changing their
outline. For biting insects (cater-
pillars, cutworms, etc.) time pois-
ons are commonly recommended, ar-
senate of lead, arsenate of lime, and
Paris green. Sucking insects (aph-
ids, plant bugs, leaf -hoppers, etc.) are
customarily controlled by nicotine
sulphate, either in liquid or dust
form.
Trapnest is Best Test
feeding' before most crops are even
in the ground. Hence it is most im-
portant to be.,prepared for their at-
tack at the very first of the season.
Bran bait has given the most effec-
tive control for many years, and is
macre up with the following ingred-
ients—Bran, 20 pounds; molasses, 'one
quart; Paris green, one-half pound,
and water, about two and a half gal-
lons.
In making the bait, the dry in-
gredients should first be thoroughly
mixed. The molasses is then stirred
into the water and added to the bran
and Paris .green. In mixing the bait,
only enough water should be added
to nuke the. material the consistency
of wet sawdust. It must not be made
sloppy but should be in the condition
of crumbling in the hands and slip-
ping. easily through the fingers.
Land that was heavily infested the
year before should be treated prior
to the plants being set out. • This is
done by broadcasting the bait at the
rate of 15-20 pounds per acre a few
nights before transplanting. One
application should be sufficient but,
if the cutworms are numerous, a se-
cond should be made two or three
days after the first,. The bait should
always be spread in the evening just
before dusk, and, if possible, a warns
still night should 'be chosen for the
work.
If the attack by cutworms is unex-
pected and the plants are already in
the field, the bait should be applied
around the base of each plant, using
about one-half teaspoon iia each case.
Should one application not kill all
the cutworms,: a second treatment
Trapnesting being to the laying should be matte two or three nights
flock what the scale and Babcock test later.
are to the dairy herd, it is the only �—
means of accurately determining the
production of the individual hen. At Crop Summary
the Cap Rouge Experimental Station,
the hens are selected by the tragi- Reports from correspondents indi-
nesting method and the poor layers cafe that there will be an increased
are marketed after their first year's acreage sown this spring to oats,
laying. Hatching eggs are selected barley and potatoes, and a small de -
from high producers, and should • crease in the acreage of spring wheat,
weigh at Ieast 24 ounces per dozen.iIflaxseed and mixed grains. A consid-
Unthrifty chicks, and cockerels ex-terable acreage of sod was plowed up
cept those from the best hens are last fall in Western Ontario as d re-
marketed during the summer. By' sult of the rise in grain prices and
mid-September the pullets which are; unsatisfactory returns from cattle -
strong, vigorous, healthy and active,I raising operations during the preced-
which have a large, deep head, stout' Mg three ay four years.
beak, and large bright, prominent The estimated acreage of oats for
eyes are kept, while the birds which 1037 is placed at 2,439,700 acres, an
are unthrifty or unhealthy, which increase of 94,000 acres over 1936 and
have a crow head, long shallow beak the intended acreage of barley is
or shall, sunken eyes, or are off- placed at 571,100 acres as against
types are eliminatedc` 519,200 acres in the preceding year.
If the weather had been favourable
Soft Bacon for early seeding of spring wheat, it
is likely that the acreage of that crop
The further expansion of our ba- would have been expanded in order to
con trade with Great Britain depends take'advantage of present wheat pri-
to a large extent upon quality im- ces, but owing to the lateness of sow-
provement. Recent advices from the ing, it is believed that the acreage
British market criticize our supplies will: show a slight decrease, being es -
on the score of underfinish lir a large timated at 95,900 acres as compared
percentage of bacon sides, as indicat- with 98,000 acres. in 1936. Mixed
ed by softness and flabbiness. This grains acreage is expected to be about
Soft flabby bacon is most likely the the same as last year and flaxseed
product of underfinished hogs, of about four per cent. less. The recent
which there are considerable' numbers decline in potato prices has emphas-
being marketed at the present time. ized the difficulty of finding markets
The remedy lies with the producer in for a normal yield of potatoes from
holding :back unfinished hogs. •In an increasing acreage. The area to
most cases, another week or so on be planted to potatoes is now estimat-
feed would put on the finish so neces- ed at 149,000 acres as compared with
Bary for the making of firm bacon. 145,000 acres in 1935. The demand
All hogs of bacon and select types for seed grain was not as great as
should be properly finished at their expected. Considerable quantities of
weights. Underfinish is as detrimen- seed grain were carried over from the
tal as overfinish, and in this case is 1935 crop and many farmers cleaned
a very serious obstacle to efforts be- their 1936 grain, even though it was
ing made to popularize Canadian ba- of somewhat inferior quality.
con •with the British consumer. Ev- The flow of maple sap was below
ery hog raiser is asked to co-operate
to the best of his ability.
IMMIleenoranumer
normal again this spring and farmers
received from. $1.50 to $2.00 per gal -
TI:TE.LAP ROOFING
The permanence and low up-
keep cost of this metal roofing
makes it one of the most eco-
nomical on the market. Tite-
Lap Galvanized Roofing gives
greatest covering capacity.
The end lap is so tight it is
almost invisible; positively
excludes driving sleet, rain
05 snow.
Send roof and rafter measure.
meats for free estimates.
SAMESWAY POULTRY EQUIPMENT l Use Sha43m
Witte for information on any items in the nom- .e- A ■ E roofing.
The
plot°Jamosway lino, Brooder houses, enfant; A P.:: MR N—/!us Z od n the
eyetems, incubators, laying cages, ventilator Y head seals
systems. Use Jameswey equipment for profits, the nail -hole.
Eastern Steel Products .-
' Guel h She'd J./Mired Feelorles also at
PRESTON, ONTARIO �"---' MONTREAL and TORONTO
LRIO-ROLL ROOFING
This durable roofing has extra,
rigidity that makes it particularly
good for roofing over alight frame-
work. The secret of its strength is:
the ribs are only five inches apart!
The most copied roofing of its kind
on the market. Be sure you get
the geil,uine, economical "Rib -Roll
Roofing"!
Ask your banker for details about
re•roofmg on the Government -
backed Home Improvement Plan.
HAPPENINGS OF INTEREST 70
Plantings and Pruning
Tomatoes
Tomatoes are a widely grown crop
both for canning and for table use,
and for the latter purpose as an out-
door crop., •In the open, when grown
as a canning crop or for table use,.
they are handled in different ways,
being allowed to grow unsupported
without being pruned, •or supported
on stakes by tying in which case they,
are usually given some pruning. For
staked tomatoes at the Agassiz Ex-
perinrental Farm recent experiments:
have shown that the most satisfactory
results are obtained when the plants
are grown to a single stein and al-
lowed to develop to their full height.
This method of training to' a single
stein is obtained by pinching out the
sucker growth which arises from the
axils of the leaves. Such is differen-
tiated from the fruiting trusses
which arise from the stem between
leaves. 'Care should be exercised not
to pinch out the terminal end, for if
this is done upward growth will be
arrested. This method of training to
a single stein has given the most sat-
isfactory results when early niaturity
and total yield are considered.
When the above method of train-
ing is followed the distance of plant-
ng is a consideration. Additional ex-
periments have shown that a greater
yield from a given area is obtained,
when-the•plants are spaced at twelve
inches in two rows as compared to 18
inches or greater distances, with the
rows three feet apart. Such close
planting for any extensive area re-
quires a very large number of stakes,
and it has been found more satisfac-
tory to train the plants to strings
which are tied to two horizontal
wires, the lower one six inches and
the upper one 54 inches above the'
ground. A .well braced post for this
method is required every fifty feet
and smaller stakes every fifteen feet
to give additional support for the top
wire. A string is tied to the top and
bottom wire at each plant and as the
plants increase in height they are
given one or two turns around the
string, which gives all the necessary'
support,
WINTER KILLING OF
HAY AND PASTURE
Willow .; lid ht
' (Experimental Farms Note)
A destructive blight of willows
first observed in the Maritimes is
gradually moving westwards. In the
summer of 1936 it was reported from
a point in the St. Lawrence Valley
within 50 miles East of Montreal. In
districts recently invaded, the blight
has been looked upon as due to late
frost injury but in reality it is a dis-
ease caused by a fungus parasite. It
first attracted attention in Nova
Scotia in 1926, where it has been un-
der observation every year since, The
greatest damage in the Maritime Pro-
vinces occurred between 1926 and
1929, when the weather conditions
were such that the foliage and young,
twigs were killed as fast as they
grew, and the trees were so weaken-
ed that. large numbers died. Since
then, dry weather, for several sum-.
mere, held' the disease in. check. In
1936, however, the: weather was fav-
ourable for spread and the few wil-
lows were again seriously injured.
The earliest symptoms of the dis-
ease appear on the leaves as water-
goaked spots which turn greyish and
then brawn.` These enlarge until the
entire leaf is dead and then spread
from the infected leaves into the
twig. It quickly kills the young twigs
and water spouts and causes cankers
on older wood.
•Two fungi are •associated with the
disease and overwinter in the dead
twigs and cankers on the tree. ; In the
spring, spores are produced on the
twigs and cankers and these spread
the disease to the young leaves as
soon as they appear.
All varieties of willows tested were
attacked to some extent, but under
Nova Scotia conditions the Laurel
willow and the weeping willow, (Sal-
ix babylonica), appear quite resistant.
Where the value of the trees war-
rant it, willow blight can be controlled
by spraying with Bordeaux mixture
at the same strengths used for pota-
toes or apple trees. From three to
five sprays are necessary, and the
first should be applied just as the
leaves conte out. The first spray is
the most important and the others
It frequently happens in Eastern
Canada that hay and pasture crops
are injured by climatic conditions
which prevail during the winter and
spring. It may be intermittent
freezing and, thawing, and heaving
of the soil, which breaks the plant
roots. Lack of snow covering may
result in insufficient protection from
low temperatures, or ice may form a
covering which smothers the plants.
Whatever the cause, the farmer is'
faced with the problem of reseeding
his meadows in order to provide pas-
ture for summer feed and hay for
winter forage. What is the most suit-
able procedure?
It has been found by the Field
Husbandry Division, Central Experi-
mental Farm, Ottawa, that if .some
plants have survived and the killing
has only thinned the stand, it may be
quite satisfactory to scatter seed of
the proper mixture over the area and
cover it with a smoothing harrow.
Such a practice does not injure the
surviving plants and the new seed-
ing will later grow and thicken the
stand.
In most cases of severe killing,
however, all of the plants in low spots
or depressions may be injured, or per-
haps an entire field may be affected.
Where this occurs, it is more satis-
factory to disc or cultivate the area
thoroughly and reseed with a seed
drill. In order to provide hay for the
current year it is necessary to use a
species which will produce a crop the
year in which it is. seeded. A very
suitable crop for this purpose is oats
seeded at 2 1-2 or 3 bushels per acre.
A very good quality of hay may be
obtained if the oats are cut when in
the milk' stage and harvested like any
other hay crop. If hay is desired on
the area the following year a mix-
ture composed of 8 pounds of red clo-
ver, 2 pounds of alsike and 8 pounds
of timothy' per acre' may he seeded
with the oat crop. Where alfalfa
grows well, 4 to 6 pounds may be ad-
ded and the mixture seeded at the
rate of 16 to 20 pounds per acre.
Where areas intended for pasture
are winter -killed a similar procedure
may be followed; A suitable mixture
to provide pasture the year it is seed-
ed is -composed of oats 2 bushels and
Suran grass 25 pounds per acre, The
oats will provide early pasture and
Suran grass, although somewhat
slower in starting, grows well' during
the dry, hot weather of midsummer,
and provides pasture later in the sea-
son. •Grass and clover may be seed-
ed with the mixture for next year's
bay or pasture, as grazing if not
done to severely does not injure the
new seeding.
Itis advisable to reseed these win-
ter -killed areas as early as possible in
the s
Pring.
bon, or about the same as last year,
when production was also Light. The
sugar content was particularly high ;
this year.
FARMERS
should follow' every two weeks. This
schedule has given excellent control
for the past eight years on the old
French willows in the Grand Pre,
Memorial Park.
Pruning is useful in removing' dead
and diseased branches, and shaping
the trees to a sine convenient for
spraying', but should be done only
when the trees : are dormant. Sum-
mer pruning of diseased trees is very
injurious.
Attention 'should be paid by all in-
terested in
nterested;in the conservation of this
rather attractive tree, to locate wil-
lows that show resistance or immun-
ity; that is, which have remained en
-
affected by this disease, so that such
resistant willows may be propagated
by cuttings. These should be report-
ed to the Dominion Botanist.
There are three types of agricul-
tural labourers in Chile. The " bn-
quil>inos", or resident farm hands, re-
ceive roughly from 5 to' 20 cents a
day with food (breadand beans suf-
ficient for two meals), shelter, the
use of one or two acres for his own
food and feed requirements, an ox,
horse, or mule, and sometimes a cow.
The second type of farm labourer is
the "peon-voluntario? or "afuerino"
itinerant harvesterswho are paid 31
to 41 cents per day during harvest
time. The third type is the "ganan"
who is employed only on temporary
jobs at from two to 25 cents per day,
with two meals and a crude shelter.
Reports from Quebec City show
that, since the city adopted the prin-
ciple that only Grade A eggs may be
sold on the public market, theprice
has increased five cents per dozen.
Canadians Not Ashamed
A staff correspondent of the Tor-
onto Stale says that in Washington,
D,C., they are amazed at the feeling
against the C.I.O. in Ontario. Yes;
and they are amazed when they learn
that Canada punishes its criminals;
they are astonished when they hear
how the Sabbath is respected in this
country. Canadians need not be ash-
amed of anything that causes "amaz-
ement" in the United States.
-The Goderich Signal.
x.,titiao I
FARM HELP
is urgently needed in Ontario
5.,":51,
Unemployed Men:
Register with the
Employment Service of Canada.
FARMERS ■ Tell your needs to the nearest
• Employment Office, Relief
Administrator or Agricultural Representative.
MITCHELL F. HEPBURN,
Prime Minister and Minister of Labor,'
• Parliament Buildings, Toronto
�P.
Stratford District Advanced
Registry Yorkshire Club.
Yorkshire Field Day and Sale .,
The .Stratford District Advanced
Registry Yorkshire Club will hold a
Field Day and sale at the Agriculhtral
Society Grounds, Stratford, on Fri-
day, June llth.
The directors of this newly formed
breed organization of which Mr. W.
L. White of Seaforth is President have
arranged a splendid educational pro-
gram and extend a very cordial invi-
tation to all swine breeders to attend,
Program for the Day
1.00 pan.—Judging Competition and
estimate of weights of the class of
four market hogs for which cash pri-
zes will be given.
1.25 p.m.—Demonstration of York-
shire Breed. Type by W, P. Watson
of the Provincial Live Stock Branch,
Toronto.
1.40 pan. --Address on Swine Dis-
eases and Nutritional troubles by Dr.
Lionel Stevenson of the Ontario Vet—
erinary College, Guelph.
2.30 p.m.—Demonstration en grad-
ing carcasses on the rail, by H. C.
Duff, local hog grader.
3.10 pan.—Market trends by Homier
Maybe°, Director of hog grading for
Ontario.
3.30 p.m.—Sale of Advanced Regis-
try Yorkshire hogs.
The sale includes 8 bred Yorkshire
gilts and four boars from. the Advanc-
ed Registry herds of Percy Switzer,.
St. Marys; Weliwoocl Farnn, London;
W. L. White, Seaforth; Clarence In-
nis, St. Pauls; Fraser Gibb, Stratford,
and Nelson Douglas, St. Pauls.
All animals are backed by Advanced
Registry ancestry and have been care-
fully selected by a Representative of
the Provincial Live Stock Branch. This
is an excellent opportunity for swine
breeders to secure a young brood sow
or herd boar from the very best Ad-
vanced Registry Stock in Ontario.
Write for catalogue to the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Stratford.
..s —'"—ice-.; 3.3 tr :W,'.fc0,,^.,. .,NrR.,4i+'N:'yy...q�..,
THOU
HT`., ani
Things
The business of living, when boiled down and all the froth skim-
med off, is just a matter of thinking.
Each of us is continually thinking ideas of our own and swap-
ping them for the ideas of others. If there is a famine of outside
ideas we shrivel up ourselves. Children -with "nobody to play with"
are unhappy and unmanageable.
From thinking with our heads to doing with our hand is but a
little step and then our thoughts become•things.
The originator of an idea is not much better off than before he
originated it till he gets some one else to absorb itand enjoy it and
benefit by it,
The man or woman surrounded by better thoughts and thinas
but who pays not the slightest attention to them is not much better
off than the one with "nobody to play with."
The advertisements in real newspapers are thoughts—telling you
about the things that other men and women have created for your
use. head the ads. They are the voices of hundreds of thousands
of looms, shops, foundries, studios, laboratories, where millions of
minds are turning pleasant thoughts into worth -while things for you
and your family.
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