The Clinton News Record, 1936-10-15, Page 6PAGE 6
THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD
THURS., ,OCT. 15, ` 1936
NTEREST
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:.NEWS....AID HAPPENINO8PF
Canadian Poultry Liked In Safeguard Purity Of Farm
Timely Information for the
Buse Farmer
Furnished by the Department of Agriculture)..
Lime For the Soil*
Limestone" is required on many
soil types not only to counteract pre-
sent acidity but also to replace lime
used by plants and lost •annually by
leaching. Every. four years, it has
been estimated, -more than a ton of
limestone per acre is taken out of the
average soil by crop removals and
leaching.
ly, if not entirely, of the feeds avail-
able on the farm. Successful' feed-
ing depends upon combining these
feeds in suitable proportion and the
employment of. only a minimum of
expensive purchased feeds.
Weed Impurities Spoil Crop
Report
The matter of seedcrop selection
is now doubtless engaging the atten-
O.A.C. Staff Changes tion of farmers who hope to obtain a
cash return from seed production.
Two senior members of the faculty Certain crops have, of course, been
of the Ontario Agricultural College, planned and seeded for this purpose.
Guelph, retired from active service These will include cereal crops min -
on ,October lst, namely, Dr. Robert 'cipaily. Selection of seed crops made
Harcourt, head of the Department of at about this time will include such
Chemistry, and Prof. Dan Jones, head kinds as timothy, red clover, alsike,
of . the bacteriological department. alfalfa, sweet clover and other forage
Dr. Harcourt had a record of 43 years crops. If consideration is being giv-
service on the staff. That both will en to the savings of any of these
be missed, is indicated by the words crops for seed, certain factors should
of Dr. G. L Christie, College princi-' be taken into account. Perhaps the
pal, commenting on their retirement:: first and most important of these is
"It means a great loss to College the quality of the seed likely to be
work. They have rendered not only produced as determined by freedom
distinct service in their fields of en- from weed seed impurities.
deavour, but have been strong, help- In order to obtain the greatest re-
ful associates with the. students, turn from seed production, it is im-
staff and people of the province." Iportant that the quality of the seed
New appointments to the staff I should be the highest obtainable. Too
were recently announced by Hon. often seed production proves unpro-
Duncan Marshall, Minister of Agri -I fitable, the reason being that the
culture, as follows:
Gordon P. McRostie, B.S.A,, Ph.D.,
succeeds the late Professor Squirrel
as professor of field husbandry; E, { So difficult to separate from grass
C. Beck, R.S.A., M.A., succeeds to and clover seeds that the removal of
the bacteriology professorship left the weeds themselves from the seed
vacant, with the superannuation of crop, by rogueing or hand pulling, is
Prof. Dan Jones; Gerald N. ' Ruhnke, the only means of dealing with them
B.S,A., is to head the chemistry de- successfully This may be done pro-
.
partment which Dr. Harcourt presrd-I 1 frtably sometimes, but not always.
ed over; and Murray McNabb, B.A., Other seeds are not only difficult of
M,A., Ph.D., is given the new post of separation, but are , of the noxious
assistant professor in chemistry.
crop was either unsuitable or was not
properly pr+eptired for seed produc-
tion. Theseeds of certain weeds are
Youthful Oratory For Royal
Winter Fair
der campion, white cockle, couch
• "Youth in Agriculture" is not only grass, wild mustard, nightflowering
'to bre the slogan of the 1936 Royal catchfly, false flax, ribgrass and
Winter Fair in Toronto from Novem- wild carrot are also of this class and
ber 18 to 26 but also will be the mo -' therefore seed crops of alsike, alfalfa,
.tif or theme animating the whole red clover and sweet clover contain -
spirit of the Fair. In keeping with ing these weeds cannot be expected
this "Youth in Agriculture" idea, a to give profitable returns,
special event has been arranged in
the ,form of a public speaking contest'
open to boys wlio are members of Canada's Effort At Imperial'
boys' and girls' farm clubs under the,
Canadian Council on Boys' and Girls'I Fruit Market
Club work. This contest is a feature
apart from the usual projects of the' Particularinterest is attached to
boys' and girls' farm clubs and has the 1936 Imperial Fruit Show which
regulations of its own.will be held' at Renshaw Hall, Liv -
For example a club member who ( erpool, England, from October 30 to
has competed at the Royal Winter' November 7. This most important
Fair in any previous contest conduct- . annual exhibition of Empire fruit
ed by the Canadian Council on Boys' , and fruit products is the oustanding
and Girls' Club Work will not be eli- rcriterion of supremacy among fruit
gible to compete, and the number- of growers in the British Empire, and
contestants is to be limited to one this year the Canadian entries are
speaker from one province. The con I more numerous than for several
testant must not be less than eight- years.
een years of age and must not have Nova Scotia and British Columbia,
reached his twenty-first birthday on as representing the two principal ap
November 1, 1036. The subject. matt ple exporting provinces, are well to
ter of each address will deal. with the the front with entries. With the
position and opportunity of youth in
British Columbia contingent will be
agriculture, and each address is lim- I James Lowe, of Oyama, who in the
ited to ten minutes. 11935 exhibition captured the most
Entries will be received from the coveted prize, the silver challenge
pffieers ii}. owe of ciyll lurk and cup of the British Empire section,
must be mailed to the aeberat sum , and he is hoping o repeat this tri-
Lary, Caniidian Council on Boys' and I unibh at this year's Show. Among
Girls' Club Work, 463 Confederation, the exhibitors of i�iova Scotia nye
Building, Ottawa, before October 31. many n9tabl' apple growers to Whom
y • — - onours have been awarded in past
years.
Healthy Spring Pigs The following is the official list of
Canadian exhibitors:
The production of large numbers: Nova Scotia—Canadian Champion-
of healthy spring pigs is dependent ship Section—J. B. Leefe, Water -
upon good feeding, care, and man- ville, King's; H. Thorliurri Morris,
agement of the boar and sows during Port William, King's; Borden b'tuit'
the winter. First of all, the problem I Co., Canning; North Mountain Fruit
of correct mating is one which always Co,, Cambridge Station; Berwick
confronts the' livestock breeder. Pre -Packers, Ltd., Berwick; United Fruit
sliming that the sows are of good ba- I Co. of N.S., Kentville, and R. D. Sot -
con type, it is the responsibility of ton, Port Williams.
the breeder to mate them toa suit- I -'British Columbia exhibitors are—
able boar, so that the offspring will in the British Empire section—;James
grow into bacon hogs of the right
type.
If the sows are not bred along ba-
con lines, or have already produced section—Associated Growers of B.C.,
poor progeny, it is now a suitable Vernon; Occidental Fruit Co., Kel-
time to procure one or two gilts to owna; B. C. Fruit Shippers (Ver -
strengthen the sow herd and intro- non), Vernon; Crown Fruit Co. Ltd.,
duce a good bacon strain. An early Kelowna; McLean and Fitzpatrick,
start allows two littersto be raised Kelowna; Okanagan Packers Ltd.,
next year. Two litters instead of one Kelowna Salmon Aran Farmers' Ex -
will reduce the carrying charges per change, Salmon Arm; B.C. Orchards,
pig, and this in turn, with average Ltd., Kelowna`;; Okanagan Fruit
or better conditions, will mean more Shippers, Kelowna; Unity Fruit
profit to the breeder. 1Company, Vernon; Browne Co. Ltd.,
The boar is a first consideration. Penticton; Cascade Fruit Co., Kelow-
He is often impaired by under or na; and B.C. Fruit Shippers (Kelow-
over-feeding, and by confinement in na), Kelowna.
small quarters. He should be able to In the Honey section of the show,
exercise out of doors all the year the Saskatchewan Beekeepers' As-
tound, in addition to a dry clean bed sooration,- Regina, represents Canada.
free from draughts during the win-'
ter. ',I
The best advice for feeding the The use of any device or contri-
sows is a repetition of the old maxim vance for muffling or stopping the
—feed according to the condition of sound or report of any firearm has
the. sows. 'The. feeding practice should been proclaimed a criminal offence
be to bring the sow through the win- in Canada, unless a permit has been
ter in medium flesh. The feeds used' obtained, according to a proclamation
xnust of necessity be made up large -1 in the Canada Gazette.
class and are, therefore, objectionable
in 'seed of the highest grades. Ox-
eye daisy is one of these, and tim-
othy in which this weed is present
should not be saved• for seed. Blad-
CROP REPORT
October 8th, 1936
Below will be found a brief syn-
opsis of telegraphic reports received
at the Head Office of the Bank of
Montreal from its• Branches.
General
While this year's total wheat crop was one of Canada's official dele-
in the Prairie Provinces is estimated gates to the Congress. The Congress
to be less than that of last, year the was a great success, and the beauti-
lower production is partially offset fully decoratedbuildings of the per -
by the .high grade and quality of the manent Leipzig Industrial Exhibition
grain. The Dominion Bureau of Sta-
tistics estimate of the wheat produc
tion of the three Prairie Provinces
namely 216,000,000 bushels is 45,500,- ening and closing exercises. The ses-
000 bushels less than last year's sions of the Congress were field in
yield and compares with a ten year the magnificent and historic Leipzig
average of 358,192,000 bushels. The
estimated average wheat yields by
Provinces are—Manitoba 12 bushels,
Saskatchewan 8 bushels, Alberta 9.3
bushels. The 1936 wheat acreage in
the Prairie Provinces is officially
estimated at 24,522,000 acres or
1,000,000 acres more than last year.
Production of coarse grains was
substantially lower and winter feed
supplies are insufficient in a number
of districts. Oats are estimated at
136,408,000 bushels and" barley at
55,208,000 bushels. With the excep-
tion of a small acreage in the Peace
River District threshing is complet-
ed. Deliveries of wheat by farmers
to country elevators from August lst
to October 3rd totalled 160,115,000
FARMERS
Germany Well
Next in importance to the location
of the farm well which should be far
removed from likely sources of con-
tamination are the protective mea-
sures which may be taken . to . safe-
guard the purity of the water. The
first step after digging or drilling
the well is toprotect it from the en-
trance of the surface water. The well
must have a good cover of concrete
stone or wood. If the well is deep,
it should be fitted with a galvanized
iron pipe reaching to the bottom,
care being taken. that the lower end
of the pipe is efficiently sealed to
the rock, also that the top of the pipe
is sealed to the carer. Otherwise
surface water may trickle down out-
side the pipe into the well.,
If the well is shallow and wide,
the walls of the well should be made
impervious to an adequate depth.
Ten or twelve feet is the usual depth
recommended for the impervious wall
which may be of concrete, puddled
clay or cemented tile. The wall should
be continued upwards one foot above
the surface of the ground. By this
means, surface water must filter
through a depth of ten or twelve feet
of earth before it can enter the well,
and if the earth is in a reasonably
clean condition, the water thus be-
comes purified.
Further safeguards are the turfing
of the area immediately surrounding
the well, fencing to prevent the ap-
proach of animals, and refraining
from using fertilizer within the vi-
cinity.
In a report on the recent Sixth
World Poultry Congress held at Leip-
zig, Germany, some interesting ob-
servations are made by F. C. Elford,
Dominion Poultry Husbandman, who
were ideally situated both for the
staging of the various exhibits and
for the executive offices and the op -
library which is conventiently situat-
ed near the Exhibition Buildings.
The organization was complete in
every detail and was equalled only
by the courtesy extended to all ex-
hibitors and visitors. Forty-one
countries were represented, and both
the arrangement and observation of
each country's exhibit were enhanced
by the fact that each nation was al-
lotted its own bay, or section, group-
ed. around a middle space, where ev-
ery exhibit could be placed to advan-
tage and everything easily seen.
The type of exhibits shown by the
various countries was of a notably
high order, and it was the general
consensus that the Canadian exhibit
bushels compared with 101,315,000 was one of the best. The Canadian
bushels during the same period last poultry exhibit was madeup of 68
year. In Quebec crop results gener- birds, vital entities in themselves, and
ally were very good except• that a the whole exhibit in its attractiveness
small apple crop resulted _f r o m and effective arrangement was wor-
Spring frosts and that the yield of thy of the Dominion. It took in a
30 -foot bay and was divided into
three sections which merged grace-
fully into a continuous • panorama,
setting forththe story of the high
merit of Canadian poultry for breed-
ing purposes at home and abroad.
The wording was printed in German
and English, and, judging by the
daily crowds eagerly watching the ex-
hibit, there was no doubt that Canada
had "put her story across."
In keeping with the custom of do-
hating birds to the country in which
the Congress is held, all the birds
sent by the Dominion Experimental
Farris and a number of other birds
were gladly accepted by Germany and
sent to the Leipzig Zoo. There the,
birds are being used in the Demon-
stration Section for the purpose of
sweet corn was reduced by the corn
borer. In the Eastern and South-
western portions of Ontariocrops of
all kinds were satisfactory. In other
portions of the Province yields were
severely ,affected by drought. Win-
ter wheat gave a normal yield but
Spring grains were unsatisfactory in
yield and quality. Hay crops were
light. Late root crops are promis-
ing. The yields of most kinds of
fruits and of tobacco were much be-
low
e low average. Throughout the Mari-
time Provinces farmers_ generally en-
joyed a satisfactory year although
some loss in theyield and quality of
grains resulted from too much rain
during the harvest season. There is
a good supply of fodder. In British
Columbia grain crops were satisfac-
tory, hay fair to good, total yields of
tomatoes and potatoes were larger
than last year due to increased acre-
age, and other vegetable production
normal. Owing to the winter damage
the tree fruit crop was materially.
below that of last season.
Province Of Ontario
Fall wheat and clover wintered
well. Spring weather conditions
with frequent rains delayed comple-
tion of seeding operations, but ger-
mination was satisfactory. L a t e
frosts were detrimental toearly
fruit. Subsequent high temperature
and a severe drought in July and
August caused premature ripening
of small fruit and grain, curtailing
yields. Recent rains have benefited
pastures, fodder corn, roots and late
varieties of apples. Fall wheat ma-
tured before there was any drought
damage, and a satisfactory crop was
harvested under favourable condi-
tions. The quality was good and
yield normal. Spring grains ripened
prematurely, excessive heat and lack
of moisture reducing yields and low-
ering the, quality. Estimated yields
are barley 27.1, oats 29.2 and mixed
grain 29.5 bushels per acre. The
first cutting of alfalfa was stored.
under favourable conditions with a:r
yield slightly below normal. Timothy
and mixed hay , crops were light.
subsequent crops of alfalfa: were re-
quired in most instances for pastur-
age, Growth in meadows eased ear-
ly owing to lack of talistu're and
supplementary feediiig of livesteakl
on pasture was required. , Aden?)
rains have Shied developed generous
growth and stock should gointo)
barns in excellent condition. Corn 4
and roots remained in a dormant con-
dition during the drought but later
were revived and have made goad
progress. Sugar beets indicate nor-
mal yields; early potatoes were well
below average, while later varieties
and other root crops are promising;.
Berries and early tree fruits suffer-
ed from the drought and yielded 50)-
75% of average. Peaches and pears.
are below average in. yield: with
quality satisfactory. Grapes are 60)-
75% of average. Late varieties of'
apples recovered front early d'amage;.
have sized and coloured weIl,. and
prospects are for 71585%. of a icor-
mal crop. Early tomatoes were a;
bout 60% of average while later va-
rieties for canning of good quality
are being delivered in volume. The
yield of sweet corm was' curtailed)
with the expectation: of a 90% pack..
Tobacco was planted under''.favour-
able conditions on a slightly increas-
ed acreage and progressed favorably..
In July intense heat and lack of
moisture caused severe damage
and the crop remained' in w dormant'
condition until late August when
rains caused considerable new• growth,
which retarded Harvesting opera
tions about two weeks. Frost in late'
September almost completely .d e:
stroyed the unharvested' remaining'
portion.The yi'el'd is estimated at ,
60% with a smelt percentage: of
high quality leaf:. 1 �.
Lowe, last year's winner of the John
Howard Silver Challenge cup, Oy-
aural' in the Canadian Championship
There are over 70 varieties of ma-
ple trees in the world, but only one of
the seventy yields sugar in commer-
cial quantities. This is the famous
hard or sugar maple ,which grows in
Canada from the Atlantic Ocean to
the Lake of the Woods, and in the
eastern United States. Its beautiful
leaf is the national emblem of the
Dominion. About 95 per cent of the
maple products' industry in Canada
is at present confined to the St. Law-
rence River valley,
training city children in the know-
ledge of domestic animals. So the
story of the vitality and worth of
Canadian poultry is being continued.
NOBODY ESCAPES
TAXES
Many On Even A Loaf'
Of Bread
According to Financial Post, which'
apparently has been making a study
of the subject, there are over sixty
taxes hidden away in a loaf of bread.
Ten of these are direct taxes paid
by the bakers: business tax, property
tax, provincial corporation tax, pro-
vincial income tax, federal income
tax, gasoline tax, motor license tax,
excise tax the sugar, sales tax on
the shortening, and the printing on
the ..wrapper.
The manufacturers of the differ-
ent ingredients pay taxes concealed
in the price of flour, milk powder
sugar, salt, shortening, malt, yeast.
They also pay property tax, business
tax, income tax and the other taxes
the baker pays.
We must also count the taxes of
the farmer who 'grows the wheat, for
he has to pay property tax and if he
is one of those rare birds, a prtsperous
farmer, he may have to pay income
tax. Add in all the taxes on the dif-
ferent machines used to till the soil,
plant the wheat, reap it, thresh it and
deliver it to the elevator; on thema-
chines used to make the flour and to
bake the loaf. Nor must we forget
the cost of transportation, by boat or
rail, of the grain or flour, the eleva-
tor charges cost of heat and light.
That one item — a loaf of bread,
costing seven or eight cents — is a
striking demonstration of how wide-
spread is the imposition of taxes and
how deeply they cut into our daily
lives. It may be a good thing for us
that we do not realize just to what
extent they do affect us—or it may
not. Possibly, if everyone realized
that when he bites into a slice of
bread he is biting a mass of taxes,
we would be less inclined to let our
municipal and: other representatives
spend our money as foolishly as some
of•them do. We would be more eager
to know where it was going and to
bring pressure to bear on the spend-
ers to have them put on the brakes.
Subscriber (about to place a Long
Distance call): "Can't you make a
special price for just listening? d
want to call my wife."
When horses are loaded crosswise,
into an open motor -truck, they are
saferif their heads are towards the:
outside of the road. Reports tell of!
horses seriously injured by passing '•
traffic—often another truck when
the .horses had their heads towards
the centre'of the road. The danger is.
greatest at night,
Up to the end of August, 1936, a ,
total > of 51,813 pedigree animals
were registered by the Canadian Na- -
tional Live Stock Records, approved '.
by the Dominion Minister of Agrieul- -
ture. Of that number, 2,605 were
horses; 24,802 cattle, 4,925 sheep; 5,-
668 swine; 6,577 foxes; 5,149 dogs;,.
1.993 poultry and 94 goats,
On January 1, 1936, thirty-four per
cent of the 6,800,000farms in the Uni-
ted States were mortgaged and 66 per
cent were clear of that type of in-
debtedness. The total farm mortgage •
debt in the United States was $7,500,-
000,000 or 56 per cent of the total va-
lue of the farms which were • mort- •
gaged.
It is expected that, with the re •
-
storation of normal commercial rela-
tions between Canada and Russia, ,.
the latter country will offer a market
for Canadian dairy cows, pedigree
livestock and cattle for restocking
Russian farms, horses, seeds, metals,
machinery, tools and other commodi-
ties.
Insofar as actual quantity is con-
cerned, Japari is self-sufficient in
wheat, having produced over 47,900,-.
000 bushels in 1935, but 16,318,000
bushels were imported for blending.
In spite of the fact that Canada was
excluded by trade policies from the
market for: half of 1935, the Domin-
ion supplied 1,939,929 bushels in that
year.
A honey crop for 1936 of only 20
to 25 per cent of normal is reported
from the British Isles with the de- •
mand for honey even better than in
1935 at higher prices, according to •
the British Bee Journal. The United
States reports a lighter crop than
in 1935 and Canadian reports to date
indicate a crop of not more than 85 •
per cent of last year.
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