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The Clinton News Record, 1936-10-15, Page 6PAGE 6 THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD THURS., ,OCT. 15, ` 1936 NTEREST mommmilonommomas :.NEWS....AID HAPPENINO8PF Canadian Poultry Liked In Safeguard Purity Of Farm Timely Information for the Buse Farmer Furnished by the Department of Agriculture).. Lime For the Soil* Limestone" is required on many soil types not only to counteract pre- sent acidity but also to replace lime used by plants and lost •annually by leaching. Every. four years, it has been estimated, -more than a ton of limestone per acre is taken out of the average soil by crop removals and leaching. ly, if not entirely, of the feeds avail- able on the farm. Successful' feed- ing depends upon combining these feeds in suitable proportion and the employment of. only a minimum of expensive purchased feeds. Weed Impurities Spoil Crop Report The matter of seedcrop selection is now doubtless engaging the atten- O.A.C. Staff Changes tion of farmers who hope to obtain a cash return from seed production. Two senior members of the faculty Certain crops have, of course, been of the Ontario Agricultural College, planned and seeded for this purpose. Guelph, retired from active service These will include cereal crops min - on ,October lst, namely, Dr. Robert 'cipaily. Selection of seed crops made Harcourt, head of the Department of at about this time will include such Chemistry, and Prof. Dan Jones, head kinds as timothy, red clover, alsike, of . the bacteriological department. alfalfa, sweet clover and other forage Dr. Harcourt had a record of 43 years crops. If consideration is being giv- service on the staff. That both will en to the savings of any of these be missed, is indicated by the words crops for seed, certain factors should of Dr. G. L Christie, College princi-' be taken into account. Perhaps the pal, commenting on their retirement:: first and most important of these is "It means a great loss to College the quality of the seed likely to be work. They have rendered not only produced as determined by freedom distinct service in their fields of en- from weed seed impurities. deavour, but have been strong, help- In order to obtain the greatest re- ful associates with the. students, turn from seed production, it is im- staff and people of the province." Iportant that the quality of the seed New appointments to the staff I should be the highest obtainable. Too were recently announced by Hon. often seed production proves unpro- Duncan Marshall, Minister of Agri -I fitable, the reason being that the culture, as follows: Gordon P. McRostie, B.S.A,, Ph.D., succeeds the late Professor Squirrel as professor of field husbandry; E, { So difficult to separate from grass C. Beck, R.S.A., M.A., succeeds to and clover seeds that the removal of the bacteriology professorship left the weeds themselves from the seed vacant, with the superannuation of crop, by rogueing or hand pulling, is Prof. Dan Jones; Gerald N. ' Ruhnke, the only means of dealing with them B.S,A., is to head the chemistry de- successfully This may be done pro- . partment which Dr. Harcourt presrd-I 1 frtably sometimes, but not always. ed over; and Murray McNabb, B.A., Other seeds are not only difficult of M,A., Ph.D., is given the new post of separation, but are , of the noxious assistant professor in chemistry. crop was either unsuitable or was not properly pr+eptired for seed produc- tion. Theseeds of certain weeds are Youthful Oratory For Royal Winter Fair der campion, white cockle, couch • "Youth in Agriculture" is not only grass, wild mustard, nightflowering 'to bre the slogan of the 1936 Royal catchfly, false flax, ribgrass and Winter Fair in Toronto from Novem- wild carrot are also of this class and ber 18 to 26 but also will be the mo -' therefore seed crops of alsike, alfalfa, .tif or theme animating the whole red clover and sweet clover contain - spirit of the Fair. In keeping with ing these weeds cannot be expected this "Youth in Agriculture" idea, a to give profitable returns, special event has been arranged in the ,form of a public speaking contest' open to boys wlio are members of Canada's Effort At Imperial' boys' and girls' farm clubs under the, Canadian Council on Boys' and Girls'I Fruit Market Club work. This contest is a feature apart from the usual projects of the' Particularinterest is attached to boys' and girls' farm clubs and has the 1936 Imperial Fruit Show which regulations of its own.will be held' at Renshaw Hall, Liv - For example a club member who ( erpool, England, from October 30 to has competed at the Royal Winter' November 7. This most important Fair in any previous contest conduct- . annual exhibition of Empire fruit ed by the Canadian Council on Boys' , and fruit products is the oustanding and Girls' Club Work will not be eli- rcriterion of supremacy among fruit gible to compete, and the number- of growers in the British Empire, and contestants is to be limited to one this year the Canadian entries are speaker from one province. The con I more numerous than for several testant must not be less than eight- years. een years of age and must not have Nova Scotia and British Columbia, reached his twenty-first birthday on as representing the two principal ap November 1, 1036. The subject. matt ple exporting provinces, are well to ter of each address will deal. with the the front with entries. With the position and opportunity of youth in British Columbia contingent will be agriculture, and each address is lim- I James Lowe, of Oyama, who in the ited to ten minutes. 11935 exhibition captured the most Entries will be received from the coveted prize, the silver challenge pffieers ii}. owe of ciyll lurk and cup of the British Empire section, must be mailed to the aeberat sum , and he is hoping o repeat this tri- Lary, Caniidian Council on Boys' and I unibh at this year's Show. Among Girls' Club Work, 463 Confederation, the exhibitors of i�iova Scotia nye Building, Ottawa, before October 31. many n9tabl' apple growers to Whom y • — - onours have been awarded in past years. Healthy Spring Pigs The following is the official list of Canadian exhibitors: The production of large numbers: Nova Scotia—Canadian Champion- of healthy spring pigs is dependent ship Section—J. B. Leefe, Water - upon good feeding, care, and man- ville, King's; H. Thorliurri Morris, agement of the boar and sows during Port William, King's; Borden b'tuit' the winter. First of all, the problem I Co., Canning; North Mountain Fruit of correct mating is one which always Co,, Cambridge Station; Berwick confronts the' livestock breeder. Pre -Packers, Ltd., Berwick; United Fruit sliming that the sows are of good ba- I Co. of N.S., Kentville, and R. D. Sot - con type, it is the responsibility of ton, Port Williams. the breeder to mate them toa suit- I -'British Columbia exhibitors are— able boar, so that the offspring will in the British Empire section—;James grow into bacon hogs of the right type. If the sows are not bred along ba- con lines, or have already produced section—Associated Growers of B.C., poor progeny, it is now a suitable Vernon; Occidental Fruit Co., Kel- time to procure one or two gilts to owna; B. C. Fruit Shippers (Ver - strengthen the sow herd and intro- non), Vernon; Crown Fruit Co. Ltd., duce a good bacon strain. An early Kelowna; McLean and Fitzpatrick, start allows two littersto be raised Kelowna; Okanagan Packers Ltd., next year. Two litters instead of one Kelowna Salmon Aran Farmers' Ex - will reduce the carrying charges per change, Salmon Arm; B.C. Orchards, pig, and this in turn, with average Ltd., Kelowna`;; Okanagan Fruit or better conditions, will mean more Shippers, Kelowna; Unity Fruit profit to the breeder. 1Company, Vernon; Browne Co. Ltd., The boar is a first consideration. Penticton; Cascade Fruit Co., Kelow- He is often impaired by under or na; and B.C. Fruit Shippers (Kelow- over-feeding, and by confinement in na), Kelowna. small quarters. He should be able to In the Honey section of the show, exercise out of doors all the year the Saskatchewan Beekeepers' As- tound, in addition to a dry clean bed sooration,- Regina, represents Canada. free from draughts during the win-' ter. ',I The best advice for feeding the The use of any device or contri- sows is a repetition of the old maxim vance for muffling or stopping the —feed according to the condition of sound or report of any firearm has the. sows. 'The. feeding practice should been proclaimed a criminal offence be to bring the sow through the win- in Canada, unless a permit has been ter in medium flesh. The feeds used' obtained, according to a proclamation xnust of necessity be made up large -1 in the Canada Gazette. class and are, therefore, objectionable in 'seed of the highest grades. Ox- eye daisy is one of these, and tim- othy in which this weed is present should not be saved• for seed. Blad- CROP REPORT October 8th, 1936 Below will be found a brief syn- opsis of telegraphic reports received at the Head Office of the Bank of Montreal from its• Branches. General While this year's total wheat crop was one of Canada's official dele- in the Prairie Provinces is estimated gates to the Congress. The Congress to be less than that of last, year the was a great success, and the beauti- lower production is partially offset fully decoratedbuildings of the per - by the .high grade and quality of the manent Leipzig Industrial Exhibition grain. The Dominion Bureau of Sta- tistics estimate of the wheat produc tion of the three Prairie Provinces namely 216,000,000 bushels is 45,500,- ening and closing exercises. The ses- 000 bushels less than last year's sions of the Congress were field in yield and compares with a ten year the magnificent and historic Leipzig average of 358,192,000 bushels. The estimated average wheat yields by Provinces are—Manitoba 12 bushels, Saskatchewan 8 bushels, Alberta 9.3 bushels. The 1936 wheat acreage in the Prairie Provinces is officially estimated at 24,522,000 acres or 1,000,000 acres more than last year. Production of coarse grains was substantially lower and winter feed supplies are insufficient in a number of districts. Oats are estimated at 136,408,000 bushels and" barley at 55,208,000 bushels. With the excep- tion of a small acreage in the Peace River District threshing is complet- ed. Deliveries of wheat by farmers to country elevators from August lst to October 3rd totalled 160,115,000 FARMERS Germany Well Next in importance to the location of the farm well which should be far removed from likely sources of con- tamination are the protective mea- sures which may be taken . to . safe- guard the purity of the water. The first step after digging or drilling the well is toprotect it from the en- trance of the surface water. The well must have a good cover of concrete stone or wood. If the well is deep, it should be fitted with a galvanized iron pipe reaching to the bottom, care being taken. that the lower end of the pipe is efficiently sealed to the rock, also that the top of the pipe is sealed to the carer. Otherwise surface water may trickle down out- side the pipe into the well., If the well is shallow and wide, the walls of the well should be made impervious to an adequate depth. Ten or twelve feet is the usual depth recommended for the impervious wall which may be of concrete, puddled clay or cemented tile. The wall should be continued upwards one foot above the surface of the ground. By this means, surface water must filter through a depth of ten or twelve feet of earth before it can enter the well, and if the earth is in a reasonably clean condition, the water thus be- comes purified. Further safeguards are the turfing of the area immediately surrounding the well, fencing to prevent the ap- proach of animals, and refraining from using fertilizer within the vi- cinity. In a report on the recent Sixth World Poultry Congress held at Leip- zig, Germany, some interesting ob- servations are made by F. C. Elford, Dominion Poultry Husbandman, who were ideally situated both for the staging of the various exhibits and for the executive offices and the op - library which is conventiently situat- ed near the Exhibition Buildings. The organization was complete in every detail and was equalled only by the courtesy extended to all ex- hibitors and visitors. Forty-one countries were represented, and both the arrangement and observation of each country's exhibit were enhanced by the fact that each nation was al- lotted its own bay, or section, group- ed. around a middle space, where ev- ery exhibit could be placed to advan- tage and everything easily seen. The type of exhibits shown by the various countries was of a notably high order, and it was the general consensus that the Canadian exhibit bushels compared with 101,315,000 was one of the best. The Canadian bushels during the same period last poultry exhibit was madeup of 68 year. In Quebec crop results gener- birds, vital entities in themselves, and ally were very good except• that a the whole exhibit in its attractiveness small apple crop resulted _f r o m and effective arrangement was wor- Spring frosts and that the yield of thy of the Dominion. It took in a 30 -foot bay and was divided into three sections which merged grace- fully into a continuous • panorama, setting forththe story of the high merit of Canadian poultry for breed- ing purposes at home and abroad. The wording was printed in German and English, and, judging by the daily crowds eagerly watching the ex- hibit, there was no doubt that Canada had "put her story across." In keeping with the custom of do- hating birds to the country in which the Congress is held, all the birds sent by the Dominion Experimental Farris and a number of other birds were gladly accepted by Germany and sent to the Leipzig Zoo. There the, birds are being used in the Demon- stration Section for the purpose of sweet corn was reduced by the corn borer. In the Eastern and South- western portions of Ontariocrops of all kinds were satisfactory. In other portions of the Province yields were severely ,affected by drought. Win- ter wheat gave a normal yield but Spring grains were unsatisfactory in yield and quality. Hay crops were light. Late root crops are promis- ing. The yields of most kinds of fruits and of tobacco were much be- low e low average. Throughout the Mari- time Provinces farmers_ generally en- joyed a satisfactory year although some loss in theyield and quality of grains resulted from too much rain during the harvest season. There is a good supply of fodder. In British Columbia grain crops were satisfac- tory, hay fair to good, total yields of tomatoes and potatoes were larger than last year due to increased acre- age, and other vegetable production normal. Owing to the winter damage the tree fruit crop was materially. below that of last season. Province Of Ontario Fall wheat and clover wintered well. Spring weather conditions with frequent rains delayed comple- tion of seeding operations, but ger- mination was satisfactory. L a t e frosts were detrimental toearly fruit. Subsequent high temperature and a severe drought in July and August caused premature ripening of small fruit and grain, curtailing yields. Recent rains have benefited pastures, fodder corn, roots and late varieties of apples. Fall wheat ma- tured before there was any drought damage, and a satisfactory crop was harvested under favourable condi- tions. The quality was good and yield normal. Spring grains ripened prematurely, excessive heat and lack of moisture reducing yields and low- ering the, quality. Estimated yields are barley 27.1, oats 29.2 and mixed grain 29.5 bushels per acre. The first cutting of alfalfa was stored. under favourable conditions with a:r yield slightly below normal. Timothy and mixed hay , crops were light. subsequent crops of alfalfa: were re- quired in most instances for pastur- age, Growth in meadows eased ear- ly owing to lack of talistu're and supplementary feediiig of livesteakl on pasture was required. , Aden?) rains have Shied developed generous growth and stock should gointo) barns in excellent condition. Corn 4 and roots remained in a dormant con- dition during the drought but later were revived and have made goad progress. Sugar beets indicate nor- mal yields; early potatoes were well below average, while later varieties and other root crops are promising;. Berries and early tree fruits suffer- ed from the drought and yielded 50)- 75% of average. Peaches and pears. are below average in. yield: with quality satisfactory. Grapes are 60)- 75% of average. Late varieties of' apples recovered front early d'amage;. have sized and coloured weIl,. and prospects are for 71585%. of a icor- mal crop. Early tomatoes were a; bout 60% of average while later va- rieties for canning of good quality are being delivered in volume. The yield of sweet corm was' curtailed) with the expectation: of a 90% pack.. Tobacco was planted under''.favour- able conditions on a slightly increas- ed acreage and progressed favorably.. In July intense heat and lack of moisture caused severe damage and the crop remained' in w dormant' condition until late August when rains caused considerable new• growth, which retarded Harvesting opera tions about two weeks. Frost in late' September almost completely .d e: stroyed the unharvested' remaining' portion.The yi'el'd is estimated at , 60% with a smelt percentage: of high quality leaf:. 1 �. Lowe, last year's winner of the John Howard Silver Challenge cup, Oy- aural' in the Canadian Championship There are over 70 varieties of ma- ple trees in the world, but only one of the seventy yields sugar in commer- cial quantities. This is the famous hard or sugar maple ,which grows in Canada from the Atlantic Ocean to the Lake of the Woods, and in the eastern United States. Its beautiful leaf is the national emblem of the Dominion. About 95 per cent of the maple products' industry in Canada is at present confined to the St. Law- rence River valley, training city children in the know- ledge of domestic animals. So the story of the vitality and worth of Canadian poultry is being continued. NOBODY ESCAPES TAXES Many On Even A Loaf' Of Bread According to Financial Post, which' apparently has been making a study of the subject, there are over sixty taxes hidden away in a loaf of bread. Ten of these are direct taxes paid by the bakers: business tax, property tax, provincial corporation tax, pro- vincial income tax, federal income tax, gasoline tax, motor license tax, excise tax the sugar, sales tax on the shortening, and the printing on the ..wrapper. The manufacturers of the differ- ent ingredients pay taxes concealed in the price of flour, milk powder sugar, salt, shortening, malt, yeast. They also pay property tax, business tax, income tax and the other taxes the baker pays. We must also count the taxes of the farmer who 'grows the wheat, for he has to pay property tax and if he is one of those rare birds, a prtsperous farmer, he may have to pay income tax. Add in all the taxes on the dif- ferent machines used to till the soil, plant the wheat, reap it, thresh it and deliver it to the elevator; on thema- chines used to make the flour and to bake the loaf. Nor must we forget the cost of transportation, by boat or rail, of the grain or flour, the eleva- tor charges cost of heat and light. That one item — a loaf of bread, costing seven or eight cents — is a striking demonstration of how wide- spread is the imposition of taxes and how deeply they cut into our daily lives. It may be a good thing for us that we do not realize just to what extent they do affect us—or it may not. Possibly, if everyone realized that when he bites into a slice of bread he is biting a mass of taxes, we would be less inclined to let our municipal and: other representatives spend our money as foolishly as some of•them do. We would be more eager to know where it was going and to bring pressure to bear on the spend- ers to have them put on the brakes. Subscriber (about to place a Long Distance call): "Can't you make a special price for just listening? d want to call my wife." When horses are loaded crosswise, into an open motor -truck, they are saferif their heads are towards the: outside of the road. Reports tell of! horses seriously injured by passing '• traffic—often another truck when the .horses had their heads towards the centre'of the road. The danger is. greatest at night, Up to the end of August, 1936, a , total > of 51,813 pedigree animals were registered by the Canadian Na- - tional Live Stock Records, approved '. by the Dominion Minister of Agrieul- - ture. Of that number, 2,605 were horses; 24,802 cattle, 4,925 sheep; 5,- 668 swine; 6,577 foxes; 5,149 dogs;,. 1.993 poultry and 94 goats, On January 1, 1936, thirty-four per cent of the 6,800,000farms in the Uni- ted States were mortgaged and 66 per cent were clear of that type of in- debtedness. The total farm mortgage • debt in the United States was $7,500,- 000,000 or 56 per cent of the total va- lue of the farms which were • mort- • gaged. It is expected that, with the re • - storation of normal commercial rela- tions between Canada and Russia, ,. the latter country will offer a market for Canadian dairy cows, pedigree livestock and cattle for restocking Russian farms, horses, seeds, metals, machinery, tools and other commodi- ties. Insofar as actual quantity is con- cerned, Japari is self-sufficient in wheat, having produced over 47,900,-. 000 bushels in 1935, but 16,318,000 bushels were imported for blending. In spite of the fact that Canada was excluded by trade policies from the market for: half of 1935, the Domin- ion supplied 1,939,929 bushels in that year. A honey crop for 1936 of only 20 to 25 per cent of normal is reported from the British Isles with the de- • mand for honey even better than in 1935 at higher prices, according to • the British Bee Journal. The United States reports a lighter crop than in 1935 and Canadian reports to date indicate a crop of not more than 85 • per cent of last year. 1 1 1 1 Find the Cream of the TRADER'S SPECIAL OFFERS! They are in Our ADVERTISEMENT COLUMNS! The Clinton Newt -Resort! is a good advertising medium.