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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1936-03-05, Page 6SPACE 6 THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD THURS., MARCH 5; 1986; NEW'. for the Timely Information 1@ us cl Farmer ( Furnished by the Department of Agriculture ) With regard ,to the export of live poultry from Canada to the United States, there is no duty charged on properly marked return crates, but a duty of 30 cents per crate is charged Canadian shippers on the return of , their crates into Canada, unless, prior to shipping the'poultry to the United States, the 'Canadian shipper: has the crates, properly' tagged by a Canadian Customs official as being of Canadian manufacture. A Cus- toms' stamp is placed by the Customs officer on wooden crates, and a met- al seal is attached to ` metal crates. In order to have this 'stamp placed on the coops, it must be re- quested by the Canadian shipper. Poultry Shipments to U. S. The trade in live poultry .' front- Canada romCanada to the. United States has a- gain become a factor of consider- able importance to the poultry indus- try in, Western. ,Ontario as a result of the tariff reductions made effec- tive under the recent Canada -United States Trade Treaty. During January 1936 shipments of live poultry to nearby United States points, chiefly Buffalo, N.Y., amounted, according to unofficial figures, to 11,233 head. In January, • 1935, shipments totalled only 566 head. By the terms of the Treaty the United States duty on live poultry was fixed at four cents per pound. It previously had been eight cents per pound. Shipments are made up largely of fowl. Prices on live fowl at Mont- real and Toronto at the present time are approximately five cents higher than last year. the proportions of such acreage for, marketing and canning. + The second, issued June 15, will provide a fur- ther check on acreage and informa- tion on growing conditions. A third, July 15, will cover crop :conditions and marketing prospects, and a fourth ,Sept. 1, will record marketing prices. The fifth, Nov. 5, will record the yield, ,storage amounts, and mar- keting prices arketing_prices during the year. New Horticultural Head • J. B. ,Spencer, B.S.A., of Otta sa, was elected President of the Ontario Horticultural Association at the 30th convention of the Association held recently at Toronto. No man in Can- ada is more worthy of this honour, for he has devoted his life and tal- ents to the betterment of Canadian liorticuture and agriculture. As a succcessful horticulturist, and expert agriculturist, author, and trained newspaper man, Mr. Spencer has never spared himself in the interests pertaining to horticulture and .agr1- culture. For several years he has been an 'officer of the Ontario Horticultural Association, is a past president of the Ottawa Horticultural Society, a member of the Canadian Society of Technical Agriculturists, a graduate of Ontario Agricultural College, and is an active member of the Federal District Commission, Ottawa. He is also famous as a rose grower, and in community circles has given much practical advice on the growing of trees in city street. He was secre- tary and editor of the Dominion Gov- 'ieultural 'commissi ernment ag1 on --''- which studied the various phases of Hay Market Report production', curing and marketing of bacon in Denmark and in the United Kingdom. His report, together with other bulletins covering the sheep, beef, swine industries, are authentic works of reference. There has been practically no change in the hay marketing situa- tion during the past month. Large supplies of the 1935 crop are stilt available in growers' hands. The de - viand is generally poor at present owing to local farmers' supplies be- ing plentiful and the terminal mar- kets and large stables stocked heav- ily with hay last fall. The Toronto market is still receiving some hay from. eastern Ontario. Large. quan- tities of .market hay are reported, generally throughout the province and particularly from the northerly sections and the Ottawa Valley. In the heavy alfalfa hay producing area between Markdale and Meaford and Vicinity, a fair qantity of alfalfa hay is being ground into alfalfa meat. The 'low prices being paid for this hay are enabling the grinders to compete on export markets -with this • product. Prices per ton to growers are: for no. 2 timothy mixtures $7.50 to $8.50, for no. 3 $5.50' to $6.50, for alfalfa $4. to $10 .depending on location, and Par straw $2.6g to y, t4G.lIi gt t W#l: ligm c)PYell mixtures are selling at About lie per tops in car lots. To Pro Vide Information 6litni'io Vegetable' growers will hale accurate and up-to-the-minute trot storage and marketinginfo illation, provided by the Provincial CroVerment, S. H. H. Symons of the Ontario statistical department, told the Growers' Association at their convention in Toronto. Thescheme is part of a federal system sponsored by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics in co-operation With t h e Canadian Horticultural Council and Provincial Governments • to gather crop growing, yield and •marketing information. The Ontario service, as planned 'tentatively, will include pubication of five reports, Mr. Symons said, the first to be issued May 1, giving es- timated acreage of various crops and Legume Inoculation This time of year when farmers are snaking preparation for seeding, the question arises whether or not alfalfa, clover or other legume seed should be inoculated before sowing The answer depends on the circum- stances. • Where a legume is grown for the first time the proper nodglg-forming bacteria are often lacking in the soil, and inoculation is strongly advised. Where the same crop has been grown within a few years there are prpb- ably sufficient bacteria in the soil to inoculate successfully • a fresh seed- ing. Bacteriaof some legumes sur- vive in the soil longer than others without the host plant. Recent ex- periments indicate that red clover bacteria inay survive in soil better than alfalfa and sweet clover, or pea ]sill] YAM Waffle) After a lapse: of years, therefore, reinoeuItlti011 ap- pears less urgent with red clover than with the others. Even Where the soil contains stiff!: tient bacteria to produce nodules, re- inoculation may be of benefit. In- vestigations have shown that there are good and poor strains of nodule bacteria. Therefore, reinoculation may be very helpful by introducing a good strain of bacteria into the soil having a much higher power to fix nitrogen and. thus help the crop and the soil. Farmers should realize however, that inoculation is only one factor in the production of a successful le- gume crop and cannot overcome oth- er unfavourable factors such as poor seed, acid soil, poorly prepared seed bed, etc. The only unfavourable fac- tor it can overcome is lack of nitro- gen in the soil, and the poorer the soil is' in nitrogen the greater the gain will be from inoculation. e ►`�„�" eWel,s's's•■••Me sP roars rYd Vice seaVala• es a ,iaiYs"o°i i o°s i rrsi ail YOUR WORLD AND MINE. by JOHN C. KIRKWOOD (Copyright) 'r.'s'A 'sYs'es s s'aS'sYePs W's"s'a . Ji . ss.'s s' ,A .'Y."sso'i r,'u'o°i i tai`s` A -business errand took, me to treme; but ,when a good air -condi ' Windsor, Ontario, a fortnight or so tioning service is installed, the stench ago. On my way thither, by train, disappears and the time required for talked with a roan who is an engin- curing a hide is reduced to a small eer 'specializing in refrigeration and fraction of the time required by the air-conditioning. His firm will old way. Before a powerful fan, el- - equip a rink so that skaters will per- ectrically operated, a brine vapour form on artificial ice. He told me- Is sprayed. The fanning process •,, of installing refrigeration machin- drives this brine in the air into the hides and cures. them quickly, and— shall I use the word?—sweetly. I •asked him about air-conditioning for private homes. • Some will tell you that most new homes, built five years hence, will be air-conditioned; but this engineer with whom I talk- ed thinks it will be twice and thrice. five years before the air-condition- ing of private homes become a gen- eral practice. The present karrior is one of cost, ery,.in large. butcher shops, in cold- storage plants- and in other classes of business premises. But it was of • air-conditioning that we talked most, He told me of putting an air -con- ditioning service` in a tannery. The old way of curing hides is to put salt between hides, and, they pile hide upon hide, and, let time perform the curing—the saturation of each hide with salt. The air in such tan- nery's curing room is, foul in the ex - 1101111111111111. wow.' ITEREST•TO •FARMERS I am quite well aware that there are several firms selling air-condi- tioning equipment who are very g ac- tive in promoting the sale of air- conditioning equipment ' for private homes: Their equipments are locat- ed in the cellar. They heat the house in winter, and cool it in sum- mer. They wash the air, cleansing it of impurities and humidifying it. The engineer with whom I talked believes. that each room should be in- dependently air-conditioned. I do not say %hat man Is right. In- deed, I incline to the idea that he is a man of over -strong convictions —a rather radical thinker. Thus, he believes - that ''all dwelling houses should be standardized, and that in- dividualism should disappear. He wants the' main living room; to be in the centre of the .house, without win- dows, and to be surroundedby bed- rooms and other rooms—the kitchen, for example, and perhaps a dining room. Each bedroom have the dimensions of a closet, with ' a bathroom attached. Clothes closets in bedrooms 'would have a window to admit light and „air. Thus the dan- ger of moths would be eliminated. The house would be insulated with a gypsum wool. This man says that. cold and heap do not enter a room through doors and . windows, but through the walls. He would use stone to face walls. The frame of. the house would be steel, and cem- ent • would be used for all floors. This man does not like modern motor -car design. He says that the 'motor -car of the future will have a motor attached to each wheel. He. says that a 100-h.p. battery has been invented which will not require re- charging for 6 months - that this battery is self -charging, from its own operation. He wants each wheel to be self -sprung. By the use of his ideas, the present engine would dis- appear, and so, too, would the rad- iator. On my way back to Toronto I talk- ed with another man. He was re- turning to his native village to at- tend the funeral service of his moth- er. He is a manufacturer in Detroit. He told me that as from age 10 he had been financially independent of his parents. He used to drive mil- lionaire oil men to new oil wells in Western Ontario. He went to Chat- ham business college. He became a salesman in Detroit for a portland cement company, and now he has a cement business of his own. He lives in a 14 -room house, but I believe that he has only one child—a son, who as from age 10 has been set on being a surgeon. This autumn he will begin his medical course at Ann Arbor ' university. Another man with whom I talked is a minister of the United Church. He told me that shortly after his graduation from Victoria College, he went to Boston to take post graduate work. While in Boston he was of- fered an assistant professorship at Harvard University at $3000, with the, prospect of being made a full professor a year or two later. In- stead of accepting this alluring offer, he went to a pastorate in Ontario at a salary of $700 a year. Now, 30 and more years later, he confessed that he made—in his opinion—a mis- take; that as a professor, contacting young men, he could have done a gine work. L spent a night in the home of a friend who lives on Grosse Isle, 17 miles south of Detroit. I had not 'seen this friend since 1914. In the interval he married, and now has three children, his eldest son being 15 years old. He and his two sons are devoted to the hobby of stamp collecting; and he -the father—be- lieves that this hobby is an ideal one for lads and youths, and even for grown-ups. The daughter, age 8, is a doll lov- er. In a cot 1 saw quite 40 dolls, all sizes. This home` is book -filled. Every room seemed to have its large book- shelves, all packed with books. The father believes—and the mother also, that books joined to the love of reading help much to make children love their home. This home is mag- netic in relation to neighbour's chil- dren. There are three radios in this home. Each son has his own radio, and can listen to the programmes pleasing to him. The children attend a school over a mile away. The. morning that I left this home, they would have to walk through a blizzard, but the prospect did not daunt them. Before this, family moved. to Grosse Ile, the chil- dren attended a school where there is an attendance of 4200. Now they attend a school where the attendance, is only 300. The parents believe. that in the smaller school, the chil- dren are receiving a better educa- tion than they did in the larger school. NOT A DWINDLING BUSINESS AT ALL (Continued from page 2) the liabilities of the Canadian Na- tional," continued the speaker, "has arisen the misconception of enormous annual losses. People •desiring to give public ownership a black eye by taking a crack at .the Canadian Na- tional glibly quote distorted, figures hardly ever less than $100,000,000 per, year and . ranging upwards . to truly astronomical figures obtained by Mr. Milton W. Harrison, Presi- dent of the Security Owners Associa- tion, Inc., of $200,000,000 per year. The fallacy behind these figures can best be exposed by the simple illus- tration of a small business. Let us suppose a man has $100,000 invested in a business and that the revenues from his business are enough to pay his wage bill, the cost of all mater- ials used, and to maintain his factory In good useable condition, paying all taxes and public charges and leave over $2,000 a year. The ordinary man would say, 'My business has yielded me a $2,000 profit on my $100,000 in- vestment', but the man who damns the Canadian National Railways, says, 'Oh, no! You should have earn- ed $6,000 on your $100,000 invest- ment and therefore your plant has lost you $4,000', and your business must issue a note to you for this $4,000 loss and pay interest on it. This goes on for a period of years and you will see that in a relatively short time the business which in point of fact was making a small return on the invested capital would be shown as a hopeless proposition. The Cana- dian National Railways, from 1923 until well on into the depression in 1931, paid all its wages and materials on operating account, taxes, and all items of expense except interest on invested capital, including substan- tial provision for depreciation and retirement of property and amortiza- tion of bond discount,—in fact all it- ems of expense whether immediately needed in cash or not, and had left meet one who is all out for himself. We may make errors, but if we are bent on being useful and helpful to others, then our errors need not be reckoned -need not give us anxiety. over, something as a return on the ry with it relief from the guarantees costs of the property at the: present which the people of Canada gave up- time would be at least $12,000;000 a on the bonds in thehands of the pub- year more than they are, an amount tic,—that guarantee would be con- -equal to the interest on the capital`• tinued. The only difference would spent. be that by the sale of the property for $1.00 the people of Canada would "Speaking as an economist," 'coni . have the obligation of paying under clded Mr. Fairweather, "I find the the guarantee without enjoying the assertion that there is'a railway net 'available for interest, which has problem so serious as to threaten the been as high as $45,000,000 in a sin- existence of the country somewhatgle year,—more than sufficient to at :variance with the facts. It the. pay all interest charges on the out- assertion were true; one would expect . standing bonds of the System at this to find Canada burdened with very time. high unit transportation costs. Quite on the contrary one finds that the "Certain, critics of the Canadian economic unit cost of railway trans - National .and of Government owner- portation in Canada is as low as that ship are fond of pointing the finger of any other comparable country in of scorn at a comparison of the op- the world. One would expect too, to . orating ratio of the Canadian Nation- find a country in which theratio of ' al with the operating ratio of other its wealth to its railway capital was - large railway systems. ' Relevent low; quite on the eontrary one finds. factors all need to be taken into ac- the ratio of national wealth to 10 - count before one could draw any in- vested railway capital in Canada to ference as to relative operating effi- be high. In fact, for every dollar ex, ciency from a spread in theoperat- pended on railway development the Ing ratios. When thoroughly looked National wealth has been increased ' into, the conclusion one would reach by reason of such development by an . is that the spread in the operating average figure of over $10.00, and ratios arises mainly from differences this National wealth could never have - in the characteristics of the propert- been brought into being without the , les and not from a difference in of railway .development.* ficiency. The staff of officers and employees of the C. N. R. will stand comparison with the best" Replying to charges that the Cana- dian National pays little or no tax- es, as compared': with private indus- try, Mr. Fairweather said that the direct taxation paid by the C. N. R. at present amounted to $5,200,000 a year, as compared with the. C. P. •R. payments of $4,100,000, and indirect taxation, including sales tax, excise tax, etc., to an estimated amount of $16,000,000 per year on the C. N. R. and to $10,000,000 per year on the C. P. R., The total tax payments of the two systems being $21,200,000 for the C. N. R. and $14,000,000 for the C. P. R. Mr. Fairweather said that attempts had been made to promote the misconception that the capital expenditures on the Canadian Nation- al Railways, amounting to $432,000,- 000 432,000;000 from 1923 to date, had been wasted. He contended that the larg- est part of this capital was wisely ex- pended and had heavier rails, strong- er bridges and better locomotives and cars not been procured, the operating property investment. During the. worst of £he depression years 1931, 1932 and 1933, the property just mis- sed doing this, but did provide more than sufficient to meet all its cash expenses, except interest. In 1934 a slight return on invested capital ac- count resulted from the improvement in business conditions, and the 1935 result is again somewhat better. "With no allowance for the fact that a considerable portion of the property of the Canadian National, such as the Intercolonial, was never designed to operate for profit, the return upon the total invested capita/ prior to the depression has ranged from seven -tenths of one percent to 2.3 per cent per year and if a correc- tion is made for the invested capital on properties not designed to be operated at a profit the return on the• balance of the property would range from 1.8 per cent to 8.1 per cent and markyou, this, upon the total invest ment without the write-down of one dollar representing ` the adjustment in the capital structure which might properly have reflected the' virtual, bankruptcy of the properties at the time they were taken . over." "You see there is one difference between public and private owner- ship. Private ownership can draw a decently carbolized sheet of bankrup- tcy proceedings over its mistakes and start afresh with the property on a recapitalized basis with past mis- takes forgotten and forgiven except perhaps by the investors who lost their shirts in the process. The Cana- dian National, however, like Christian in "Pilgrim's Progress', must bear the burden not only of its own mis- takes but alsosuffer for the sins of predecessor private companies. "Some have said they would gladly sell the Canadian National for $1.00; presumably feeling that by so doing the country would be better off fin- ancially. Nothing is further from the truth. I have pointed out that the Canadian National has, except in the extreme depths of the depression, never failed to make some return up- on its invested capital. The proper- ty might be disposed of for $1,00 and with it of course would go the net revenue, but the disposal of the pro- perty in this manner would not car - POULTRY EQUIPMENT: . The reliability of Jmaesway poultry equipment has become so well known that. 'Jamesway Hatched" is equivalent to u guarantee of quality. Besides Incubators, Canada's leading try men use the Jamesway oil and coal burning . brooders„ (now reduced in price) battery brooders. feeders and waterers of all lands steel nests, laying cages, oat aprouters, oat.. germinators and complete brooder housae. Manufacturers of all kinds of okeet metal building materiata Buy from yourlocol iame,wey dealer orwrlle dinette Factories also at 7<lontreal and Toronto • In telling of these contacts with three nien who were strangers, and of my brief sojourn in the house of a friend, my object is to letup the blinds, as it were, on the lives of in- dividuals. Every one of us lives, I hope, intensely. In our human rela- tionships every one of us has power to '.influence the life and affairs of ; others. Unselfishness is a common quality. It is only rarely that you i Remember ! That The Best Goods are al- ways Advertised. Therefore, if You wish to secure the Best Value for your money. Look Carefully Through the ADVERTISEMENTS in this Newspaper CALL ON THE NEWS -RECORD FOR YOUR. PRINTING NEEDS IN 1936 1 The Clinton NewsKecord is a good advertising medium.