HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1939-03-09, Page 6PAGE 6
THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD
THURS., MARCH 9, 1939
Wllnnelg Information for
the
Bus j Farmer
W:t«.
(Furnished by the Department of Agriculture)
PLACE OF THE ECONOMIST • next'duty is to bring ,toegther all, the
IN AGRICULTURE facts bearing on this particular prob-
lem and analyse the facts in such a
wayto discover the'. true answer.
Drawing an illuminating comports as
on between the necessity f or the This has been the method of app
specialist in modern motoring 'and in proach of :the -Economics 'Division in
farming of today, Dr. J. F. Booth, the ten years since it was established,
Associate Director of Marketing, Ec- At the present time, this Division
onomies. Division, Dominion Depart- is carrying on research on mare than
meat or Agriculture stated in a re- twenty separate agricultural prob-
cent radio address on the economist lems. Several of these projects are
in agriculture, that the complexities being carried out with the active co -
of modern business have brought to operation of other services of the.
the. fore the contributions of the Dominion and Provincal Departments
specialist. Very often, the more div of Agriculture and Colleges of Agri-
erse the business; the greater ' the culture. This policy of working elos-
need for his assitance. Nowhere, per- ely with other agencies has been
haps, was this more evident than in closely followed since the inception of
farming. the Division. The projects at present
• under way may, be listed under the
Fifteen or twenty years ago stories following main headings: agriculture
were being commonly told of how a finance; marketing; price analysis;
brokendown automobile was made to land economics;. aural organization
' run with a piece of fence wire. To- and rural socialogy; farm organza -
day the majority of motorist have tion and management, and agricul-
little more than a speaking acquain- tural cooperation.
tance with the engine of !their car. —-
It is naw necessary to call in a •
•trained xnechanic when there is PRAIRIE FARM
trouble with the car.' Similarly, in •REHABILITATION
days gone by, when agricultural in- _
' comes fell and farmers had'diffieulty Under the Prairie Farm Rehabilita-
in making ends meat, it was often tion Act,' as passed in 1935, previa
possible to remedy the situation -by ion was made for giving assistance
adding another cow to the herd, or to farmers and ranchers largely on
by seeding an extra' ten acres of a self-help basis for ;the rehibilitation
' Wheat; . These methods may still be of draught and soil drifting areas
' effective in many instances but they in the open plains of Alberta, Bask -
'
do not always give the desired re- atchewan and Manitoba. In its or -
suits. It is frequently necessary to iginal form, the Act provided for a
call on some one qualified to give ad- maximum expenditure of $750,000 for
vice and guidance. the first year, and up to $1,000,000
To carry the analogy; of the motor for each four succeeding years. In
machanic one step further. When 1937 the Act was amended so as to
the mechanic tackles his job, he first extend the scope of the work of the
makes a thorough examination and organiation and to provide particular -
determines which part or parts are ly for rehabilitation on a community
ea -using the trouble. Then after be basis including the establishment of
has discovered the point of trouble, community pasltures.
he proceeds to deal with that specific The rehibilitation work now or-
problem. So with the agricultural main activities (1) cultural work to
economist. He cannot possibly ex- ganized under the Act embraces three
amine the whole industry at one time, promote systems of farming that will
because of limited time and resources. provide greater economic security,
Rather, he must be content to isolate (2) waiter development to encourage
the most troublesome points and and assist in the fullest utiliation of
then concentrate his efforts on the all sm''face Water supplies, and (3)
solution of that specific problem. His land utilization where areas of infer-
ior soil are being removed from crop
production, and eommunilta, pastures
established,. All cultural work is dir-
ected through the Experimental
Farms, 'of the Dominion Department
i of Agriculture. Water development
and land' utilization are directed
through the Rehibilitation Branch of
"The purest form in which
tobacco can he ,rooked"
the P.F.R.A. organization.
In the land utilization work, ,the.
primary abject is to rremove inferior
lands i ram cultivation and put them
to more econamtcal use by establish-
ing community pastures after in-
dividuals residis gin these areas have
been re-established l}t has baen est-
imated that about 25 to 50 per cent
of the $60,000,000 acres of -land-in
the open plains, :subject. to varying
degrees of drought, are unsuitable for
grain growing on account of inferior
soil, topographical conditions,.and low
rainfall. The plan does nut involve'
any wholesale movement of settlers
but rather an adjustment of the pop-
ulation.
Water development has probably
attracted wider, attention than any
other phase of the P.F.R.A. work,
possibly for the reason that no other
problem' has so great an effect on
the daily life of the people on the
prairies. This phase of P.F.R.A. Work
includes (1) small projects, -for in-
dividual use such as dugouts, dams,
and irrigation where feasible,
which the farmer does the work and
receives same financial assistance to
cover part of the cost of construction;.
(2) municipal or small community
projects where work is done by a
municipality or local assoeiaton, as-
siatance being provided on the basis
of cost up to a definite amount auth-
orized; (3) large community projects,
either for stockvtatering or irriga-.
tion„ and constructed under contrast;
and (4) larger water storage pro-
jects for which $500,000 was voted by;
Parliamentfar expenditure in 1938
under Jthe-supervision of the P.F.-
R.A. staff.
Of the 18,000 applications for as-
sistance in individual water projects,
8,400 were completed by the end of
1938, together : with 15 larger comi-
nrunity irrigation projects involving
176,000 acre-feet of water and 90,000
acres of irrigable land. In addition,
28 larger community dams and 170
muniepal, or smaller community,
projects were completed in the three
provinces up to the end of 1938.
YOUR HUSBAND WIILTHOROUGHIY ENJOY
THIS DELICIOUS RECIPE FOR IISH
• IT'S ONLY ONE of the almost endless var-
iety of tempting, inexpensive recipes
that are so easily prepared from Canadian
Fish ... foods not only enjoyable, but packed
with rich, nourishing goodness . . . with a
liberal supply of precious minerals, proteins
and vitamins that give the quick food -energy
required to keep themenfolks feeling fit and
strong for their work. .
Over 60 kinds of Canadian Fish and Shell-
fish are available to you all year 'round,
whether fresh, frozen, smoked, dried, can-
ned or pickled. They provide a meal that's
really "scrumptious" in any man's •'
language.
Serve Canadian Fish and Shellfish
several times a week. .
DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES, OTTAWA. •
w
wadies!
WRITE
Department oh Fisheries, Ottawa.
118 Please send me your free Booklet, "100 Tempt-
ing Fish Recipes",
e a Name
(Please print letters plainly) \
:address
CW -15
i •
FOR
i FREE
BOOK
LITTLE CHATS
on
FARM MANAGEMENT
NO. 6
GOOD CROPS INCREASE' INCOME
OF FARMER
To produce a good sop, in the
face of handicaps, has always been
a source of satisfaction to a farmer.
Some farmers appear to be able to
overcome the many hazards incident-
al to farming and also to manage
other factors of production which
come within their control in such 'a
way as to secure more abundant
yields.
This is evident by a study of On.
taria'Dairy Farm Management report
which has recently been issued
through the cooperative efforts of
the Ontario Agricultural College.
Guelph, and the Economics Division,
Dominion Department of Agriculture
The crop year reported upon, in this
report, is that of 1936, ending June
30, 1937. Drought conditions, for
most of the areas with which the
report deals, were such as to reduce
notably yields of the later cereals,
silage, root and pasture crops. Early
rcerealsand hay yielded comparative
ely well.
Yields of crops are expressed: in
the report, by a crop index where
100 representsthe yield equal to the
average of all farms. Ibe yield
above or below the average -are shown
in an, index. The report also Shows
that those whole milk shippers who
had crop yields 20 per cent or more.
above average secured labour earn-
ings 14 times greater than those
whose crop yields were 20 per cent
or less than the average. Not only
are thelabour earnings increased
where the high crop yield's take place
but the milk cost per hundredvtreight
tends also to be less.
Thoyle fatrnrs on which the erop
index was below 80, had labour earn-
ings of $67 per farm and a milk cost
of $2.35 per hundred weight. Onthe
farms where the records show an. in-
dex above 120, the labour earnings
were $965 and .the cost of producing
100 lb. of milk was $2.63. This dis-
closes that those farmers; who pro-
duced the good crops increased their
labour earnings by close to $900 and
reduced milk by .32 cents per hund-
redweight over those who produced
law yielding crops.
The study further reveals that
costs per acre of crop tend rto remain
fairly constant- while returns' per
acre vary substantially. Serious con-
sideration is given to ,practical and
economical means whereby increased
yields can be secured, it would prove
helpful toward improving the farm-
er's net returns.
CULTURE ,OF THE SIGH -BUSH
BLUEBEIRRY
(Experimental Farms News)
A newer crop to came under cul-
tivation has been the high -bush blue
berry, which, like its relative the.
low -hush or common native blue-
berry, has been harvested from wild
managed .areas for years, states Cecil
C. Mitt Dominion' Experimental
Station, Kenttville,,N. S.
Selection of large fruited and pro-
lific bearing individual bushes re- If the general election is held this were three.
Mirror of
he Nation
By "Commoner"
suited in the .production of distinct
types of blueberries. Propagaitioa.
and cultivation methods were worked
out. Later by crossingdeveloped
varieties, new hybrid varieties have
beeps produced. As a result the
cultivation of blueberries has ,became
a well-established idustry in, the
United States, particularly in New
Jersey and Michigan,
In Canada where the high -bush
blueberry is not native, except in
limited areas, very little if any canna
mercial development has been at-
tempted ,although it is now known
that 'some of the varieties are quite
hardy and soil conditions that are
suitable can be readily located. t
"Soil• ,Requirements—The blueberry
requires a particular type of soil. It
must be decidedly acid and well
drained, but with available moisture
at all seasons as the plants are very
subject to drought. The best soils 1
should• have three or four inchesof
peat to plough under: A so-called
dry bog, well drained to keep ;the
water table down to about twenty'
inches below the surface and with
a shallow layer of peat to plough in-
to the soil would be idea.
The plants grow quite large. Sonne,
at the Dominion Experimental Sta-
tion, Kenitville, N. S., are six feet
high and bear as much as six quarts
per plant. Therefore the rows should
be at least site feet apart and the
Ian four f
plants ret apart in the row.
Before plantings the land should
be thoroughly cleaned and worker;
After the plants have been set clean
cultivation shoud be given the first
year. This may be continued if
plants do not heave. Under our
conditions it has been found _advis-
able to mulch heavily with straw or
waste hay around the bushees in the
fall of the first year and slowly build
to a permanent mulch conditions of
the whole area.
Blueberries respond to complete
fertilizer. 5-8-5 at the rate of 800
pounds per acre has given good re-
sults.
Varieties that have done well at
ICentville are Rancocas, Pioneer,
Catharine and Rubel.
We understand that a newspaper
subscription is a thing that complet-
ely slips the mind at times, perhaps"
this ..little reminder will helps
"Some pay when due—
Some pay when over -due;
Some never dol
How do you do?'"
year it probably will be in. OefOlaer.
It does not now seem possible that
Jt' could be earlier. There is no
present prospect of parliament con -1
eluding its work before; the coming
of the King and Queen in May. The
ministry originally: had same hope of
thisbt4t' hasa,bandonred it. While
no definite ` pronouncement 'has been
made, it is believed the Prime Min-
istei. will desire to have parliament
adjourn during the entire time Their
Majesties are in Canada.
Reassembling towards the end of
June, parliament probably would still
have enough business before it to
occupy 4t until August.,I)lef>Inite
information as to the election will
hardly be given until after Their
Majesties have concluded their visit
to Canada. Should the Government,
after parliament reassembles, let itbe understood that it intends going
Ito the c untry in the Fall . the re
-1
of the session would be'
protracted by election appeals. It
might thus be continued well into
August; sb 'ihat voting would not
come until late in October.
.b * # s *
The Opposition which, ordinarily
has a good deal to say about the
length of a session though its ability
to shorten or prolong debates, does
not appear anxious now to drag out
the present session.With the excep-
tion
xce-tion of the initial debate . after the
opening of parliament the discussions
:go far have been protracted. Con-
sidering that it is likely to have the
result of bringing about a Cabinet
reorganization involving replacement
of the Minister of National Defence,
the debate on the Bren machine gun
contract w4 of !modest iduratiou,
lasting only seven days. Ths debate
on the Trade Treaty has taken up
only' a fraction of the time spent in
discussing the 1932 Empire Agree-
ments when the Liberal Opposition
of the time was opposing them. It
1 is to be remembered( that in this
parliament there are four panties to
be aecomodated in all major debates
, whereas in the last parliament there
111101INIMMINIMMI ....110111111111111,
�f
an election appeal. Various, c alter
steps to have_ the government .: .dy
• for an elecctdon this year also
being taken including preparation of
a heavy spending programme,, under
supplementary estimates...,
On the other hand the, opposition
of the government's.followe2s, in, the,
Commons to the prospect of facing
the voters this year is becoming in-
creasingly insistent, .Dr. 1/.;1I. Flem-
ing, Liberal Member for Humboldt,..,
Saskatchewan, atchewan ske. a • mind the.:' m nd of
many when he openly advised the
The course being taken by the
they are not anxious 'to delay the
bringing on of the general election,
Apparently they 'would- welcome, it
this year. This attitude appears to
Conservatives seems Ito suggest that
be due to a conviction that; the
government cannot make effective
political capital out of the Washing-
ton trade
ashing-tontrade bargain and that. the major
issue of the election is likely to -be
the absence of government action to
deal with prevailing economic condi-
tions. While the Conservatise under
Dr. Manion in the Commons have
been assailing the Administration
the party has been organizing rap-
idly !throughout the country and
seems to be in a humor to carry the
fight to the polls this year.
4M 4 * M r6
It is the Prme Minsiter of course,
and . his cbosnst advisers, who will
make the decision about risking a
popular vote this year. There are
plenty of signs that the government
is making ; preparations far the el-
ection. Hon. C. H. Callan saw ane
of these the other day in the char-
acter of the speeches Mr. Mackenzie
King is making this session. These
speeches bad convinced .the veteran
Conservative that the Prone Minister
'was now "eagerly preparing- for an-
other political campaign of passion-
ate propaganda" What has so far
come to light regarding Agriculture
Minister Gardiner's western p}o-
gramme in substitution for the min-
imum wheat price also indicates that therefore, is a possible increase in
this programme is to be framed as exports of around 10,000 head.
Prime Minister last week to leave
the election aver until next year. Dr.
Fleming was proceeding ,to warn the
government • of an impending revolt
against it in, Western : Canada when
the Speaker intervened, to ;notify hint
that his time was up. Saskatchewan
Liberals are said to be . particularly
apprehensive about the prospects of
an election this year..
The anxiety, of western members
to have the election postponed has
been increased by the collapse . off the
concession proffered. the Prairies un-;
der the Trade Treaty in the form of
a larger share of the United. States
cattle piarket. After ;the disclosure
same days ago that Canada Was not
getting the full benefilt of the in -
I creased quota for heavy cattle which
;was put forward as an outstanding
benefit under the ;treaty the govern-
' ment did the best it could to end
the situation through an appeal . to
Washington. The result of this ef-
fort was made known this week. For
;the last ;three-quarters of this year
Canada's share of the quota is to
Ibe 142,000 head. Canada's share for
the first-quarter was a little over
30,000 }tread. Consequently the max-
imum export of heavy cattle under
the treaty terms this year will be
roughly 172,000' head. Under the old
I'treaty exports of heavy cattle
amounted' to over 163,000 head in
1937, which was in ex l of the
quota, then limited to 156,000 head.
IThe only gain for this - country,
ROUND' TRIP RAIL TRAVEL BARGAINS
•
From CLINTON
MARCH 16 To C.N.R. Stations in the Maritime Provinces,
Province of Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island,
Nova Scotia
MARCH 17 --18 —To Ottawa $9.20; Montreal $10.55
Quebec City $14.55; Ste. Anne de Beaupre $15.15 '
Tickets, fares, Transit Limits and Information from Agents
CANADIAN NATe1ONAL
• •
MISTER
LOCAL
MERCHANT
MAKE SURE YOUR SALES MESSAGE AP-
PEARS EVERY WEEK IN THESE COLUMNS
FOR THE GUIDANCE OF LOCAL BUYERS
AND THUS KEEP THE LOCAL DOLLARS AT
HOME.
Honest Aid o
. i' It was Lincoln, wasn't it, who gave us that epigram about
fooling some of the people all of the time and all of the people
some of the time? Times have changed. Some people, today,
can't he fooled at all.
There are the ones who buy thoughtfully " and spend wisely.
They are guided by the most up-to-the-minute news about products,
prices and values. They read the advertisements in their local
paper.
Whether you're marketing for tonight's dinner, for a refrig-
erator or for a home - the most reliable guides are printed right
here in this paper for you.
•
Make it a habit to shop at home, by newspaper, before you
set out. It saves time . . . shves tiresome' searching.. ..arid it
saves real money.
rl'