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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1939-03-02, Page 6PAGE 6 THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD THURS.,, MARCH 2, 33 Timely Information for the Busy. Farmer (It'urnished by the. Department of Agriculture) 'Test Seeds, Prevent Weeds The weed; problem is one of the most serious with which the farmer' has to contend and millions of dollars are lost through theta every year in Canada. A large percentage of weeds are put on the farm actually by planting weed seeds with farm or garden crops. In most eases a farmer sows weed seeds because he is not familiar with the seeds, and the only way of learning exactly what he' is sowing is by testing the seed for both purity and germination, before planting, or, better still, before buy- ing. This was fully explained in a recent radio talk by the Plant Pro - duets Division, Dominion Depart- ment of Agriculture. Seed ' testing has made rapid strides -in Canada during the present century. The first seed laboratory in the Dominion was opened in Ottawa in 1902, and since that time labor- atories have been established at Sackville, N. B., Montreal, Toronto,' Winnipeg„ Saskatoon, •Calgetry, and ,Vancover, In addition to these, a laboratory for seed : research has been started in Ottawa, and already consider•eble progress -has been made. The primary object in seed testing is to furnish trustworthy inform ation to those who produce plants, from seeds, and seed testing should always be carried on with their in- terests in ,view. The policy of the Laboratory Services of the Plant Products Division has been to keep this clearly in the mimds of the an- alysts. The workof the seed analyst is to state as nearly as possible the actual value of a given detailed in- formation concerning the other crop seed and weed seeds found in the sample, and also, where possible, to give information dealing with seed - , borne diseases. Seed testing may be divided into two main phrases of work -- purity means' the deteernlln'ation of pure seed, inert matter, weed• seeds, and others crops seeds in the sample. In the regulations under the Seeds' Act, weed seeds are divided into four classes; prohibited noxious; primary noxious; secondary noxious, and other. According to the number of these found in an ounce or a pound, on a control sample certificate, the sample is graded. No prohibited noxious or primary noxious are al- lowed in No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3. After the analysis has betel com- pleted, the sample is graded and re- ported to the vender of the sample which gives the certificate number, kind of seed, grade, kind of weed seeds and number per ounce or per Ib., other cultivated seed, and the gertnination. The service of the seed laborator- les of the Plant Produots Division, is primarily for the regulation of the seeds of commerce, • and farmers who are not offering their seed for sale should test their own where possible. Information may always be obtained from the nearest laboratory ' or Dominion ExperitnentaI Farm. meats of Agriculture and figurest on the first year's work are now avail- able. In a group of 361 farms shipp- ing to whole milk markets a com- parison of labor income was made of farms having 20 or mere cows and those having fewer than 20 cows. It was found that the larger herds, with an average of 25.8 cows, had an average labor income of more than n six times that of the smaller herds which average 12.5 cows per farm As the average size of herd'inereasd there was also a very definite de- crease in the cost of production per 100 pounds of milk. In farm management study car- ried on in New York State, by the. State Department af. Agriculture, during the, same crop year, sintiliar results were obtained. In the New York Study, farms having more than 30 cows had an average labor income more than four times that on farms with less than 20 cows. It was also found that, in the farms of this study, an average increase of 10 cows in size of herd was accom- panied by an increase. of $418 in the labor income. Both the Ontario and the New York studies bring out, very decid- edly, the 'positive relationship, be- tween the size of herd and labor in- come. In applying this principle to the average farm, it should be noted that there are certain obvious phy- sical and economic limitations to its application. In the Inar'In, however,. it would appear that the more effic- ient use of capital and labor which , the large .herd permits, makes in- creased returns possible for the farm operator. MAKING OF CHEESE AN ANCIENT ART LITTLE CHATS on FARM MANAGEMENT EDUCATION COSTS IN SCIlO,OLS ARE COMPARED The cost of education per pupil- day in Stratford Public Schools was the third highest ina group of 10 cities in which Stratford was placed in the annual report of the ;Depart- ment of Education recently published and which is based' on statistics for the year 1936. These comparative figures show the cost of education of one pupil far one 'day. The Stratford cost was. 33.76 cents. anemia has the highest cost, 35.50 cents and, Welland is next with as " cost of 34.71 cents. The '"lowest cost in the group was shown by Owen Sound, at 24.47 cents. The average, for the group was 30.79 cents, which is almost three cents under the Stratford figure. The manufacture of cheese is so old that its origin may be said to be Lost in the mist of antiquity. There doe not appear to be any country or tribe in the world's his- tory, stated P. W. McLagan of Mon- treal in an address on the develop- ment of cheesemaking in Canada to the meeting of the Canadian Pro- duce Association, recently held at Montreal, which has not made milk fat its sustenance into some force of cheese. There seem to be hundreds of varieties. Cheese is mentioned in the Bible in the Book of Chronicles, where it is written that at a time when the Israelities were at war with the Philistines, a farmer named Jesse sent his young son, David, to visit his three brothers who were in the army, and to carry to them a quantity of parched corn, but, to the captain of the company, he was en- joined to present ten small cheeses. It will be seen that while parched corn was deemed good enough for pa-ivate soldieua, the commanding officer had to be regaled with such a delicacy as cheese. This, it will be re- membered, was the occasion' when the young David distinguished him- self by killing the giant Goliath with a stone thrown from a sling. There are favpurable .references 1rq Greela cla)sical literature td cheese, so that it must have been regarded as something superior and more delicate than the commoner foods of •the times. And then there is the Arab stony which tells of how an Arab filled his goatskin bottle with ,sweet milk one day before set- ting out on a long journey on his camel. At the end of a very hot day he stopped to drink his milk. On opening his bottle he was astonished to find inside a semi -soft substance, immersed in a greenish celoured Iliquid which had a very agreeable acid taste and he found it effect- ive in' quenching his thirst. He also Idiseovered that the semi -soft white suiastance was very palatable: His i mind went to work and he remember- ed that this milk was sweet when he put it into his goatskin bottle and had assumed this form after a day's jolting on his camel. So the art of cheesemaking was born among the 'Arabs. In the recent excavations of Ur of the Chaldees, the birth place of Abraham, a mosaic frieze was dis- covered representing dairying ,scenes on a farm attached to a temple, more than 6,000 years ago (3,100 B. C.). There is a procession of cows, 2 calves" are seen issuing from the barn door, and men sitting on low stools axe milking cows. Calves duly muzzled are roped to the cows' head - stalls so as to encourage her to give milk. Another pert of the frieze shows two elean shaven men wear- ing fleece petticoats, the office] dress of iprieets, pouring milk through a strainer into :a vessel set on the ground, while two others are. collecting the strained liquid into great stone jars, perhaps .preparat- ory to making cheese. The first forme of cheese made in Canada were naturally French varieties. They survive in what is known as Fromage Raffina and Oka, The Stratford Collegiate operated at a much lower fore than the av- erage for a group : of 47 collegiate institutes of the province. The cost Per' pupil -day was 46.66 cents com- pared with an average of 66.55 cents. Oshawa had by far the highest cost 113.40 cents. Orillia hats the lowest, 40.42 cents. ' Woodstock, Ste Thomas, Sarnia, Owen • Sound, Guelph, Galt and Chatham all had bigher costs than Stratford. The cost for Goderich was 67.32, Clinton, 55.78, St. Marys, 43.10 and Seaforth, 55.39 cents. The Public School cost per pupil day for a number of towns in this district were ale foilowls: Goderich, 22.22 cents, St., Marys, 26.25 cents, Hanover, 20.66 cents, Listowel, 21.82 cents, Kincardine, 16 cents, Walk- erton, 28.70 cents, Wingham, 25.27 cents, Clinton, 28.80 cents, Seaforth, 26.22 cents, and Mitchell, 24.28 cents. SIZE OE HERD; LABOR INCOME In years of normal price -cost re- lationsbips', the larger the size of the farm business the greater " are the possibilities of higher returns for the operator. As size of herd is one of the important factors in measur- ing the size of farmer buiness, it normally follows that, within certain linritk,the larger the herd the great- er the possibilities of a higher labor income. Results of the Dairy Farm Man- agement Study in Ontario initiated by the organized dairymen of the provinee illustrate this point. This study is being carried on by the Dbnt'paioa and Iaerovincial ?Depart- WRITE NOW Scndridge and rafter meaenre' meats or area to be roofed, patched or re- • paired. Council Stand- ard "Tite.Lap" metal roofing is a sound, per - =anent investment. Absolutely weather- tight. Greatly reduces Are hazard, SOLD ON A .25 YEAR GUARANTEE 'Prices this Fall are lower because of Sales Tax exemption. Save money by writing today. • (Manufacturers also of famous PreatonSteel Trues Darns 54d J9meaway Poultry equip. moat, Address: 308Guelph St. Preston. Ont. taaaa COONCILSTANOARO *NA Mur Eastertl $tech prpciu.dlts; PtttST'eii ONT rnrrOrrtntlnar wiou,8,, 6ronowo, THE OLD. 'OLD STORY Kids without money, batt who 'drive a car, pull some fast Ones' to get the necessary ger. On various: occas- ions, court evidence"here .showed how they tell some -tall tales in order to induce garagement ^ to give them a couple of gallons,; and we"±heard a dealer tell us a new one the other day. On one err two oeaassions he had been victimized do he was pretty. careful, but one day two Chaps came to him; said they were employed by a trucker who had run out el gas up the road a piece, and who had asked them to go up and get +a couple of gallons of gas land that be would) come back, fill up his hank and pay for the whole works at the `same time. The chaps were strangers to the dealer and he believed their story, getting out a can, putting in two gallon, and giving it` to the lads. They never came backs =Later he found his two -gallon can alongside the road. Some time laterhe aim the trucker, and told his the story. He said ` it certainly wasn't him, but from the description of the boys he' said it was likely a chap whom he bad fired. ,Finally this chap was' met with, admitted the hoax, and paid for the gas. Today that, chap is in jail, having been found guilty at Durham of taking a car without the owner's consent.. He was picked up by the pollee at Guelph. -Hanover Posta CLINTON COSTS ARE HIGH These figures reveal that from a spending] standpoint the Clinton boards were the most liberal spend ers. Cost per pupil at the Public School is the highest of any school in the district 12.30 cent per pupil cost over Kincardine. The 9 cents Collegiate ranks second with an in- crease of approximately 9 cents over that of Stratford. It would be inter- esting to .know why the variance in cost, also how it is that some boards can conduct their affairs just as ef- feciently and yet more economically than others. Separate School Costa The cost of Stratford Separate Schools is 21,29 cents, approximately half the cost in the Public Schools. The Separate School cost is also be- low the average for the 20 cities list- ed,' which is 22.94 cents. The cost in Huron County Separate Schools is 30.98 cents and in Perth County, 32.86 cents. The cost per pupil -..day in Huron County Public Schools is 24.63 cents and in Perth County Public Schools, 21.57 cents. The highest salary paid Huron County Separate School male teach- ers was $1,125 for the year 1936-37 and the lowest was $500. The high- est in Perth County was $1,000 and the lowest $500. The average in Hur- on County was $641 and in Perth County it was $680. TROUBLE AND MORE TROUBLE It's the old story -Accidents, never come singly. Take, for example, the case of Leonard Thompson, son of Mr. and Mrs. H. C. Thompson of Teeswater. He was playing junior hockey with the Teesers when he had his knee badly wrenched, and was in bed for a couple of weeks. Able to get around with the aid of crutches, he went down to the rink to see a game, when a stray shot went over the boards. Len ducked, but it struck him in the side of the mouth, and a couple of stitches were required to close the wound. In ducking, however he lost his balance, and gave his bad knee another wrench, and he's back in bed again , . , But that's not all the troublee besetting the Thompson family. A few days previously, Len's brother, Jack, failed to notice a pit in a garage, and went down head- first, breaking three nibs. About a year ago, another brother, George, died with peritonitis. - Last summer Jack was a passenger in a car that turned over near Wjngham, and he sustained broken ribs, a sprained ankle and a broken shoulder -bone, besides cuts and bruises. And a year ago Len. broke his collar -bone while playing hockey. The highest salary paid female teachers,in Huron County was $1,050; iPerth County, $850; the lowest was $600 in each ease. The average in Huron Cou4ty foe.. female teachers was $596 and the average in Perth was $615. Int Strafford the (highest lealary for male teachers was $2,000 and the lowest $830, the average for male teachers was $1,592. The highest salary for female teachers was $1,400 and the lowest, $800, the average be- ing $1,224. The highest salary for male teach- ers in the 22 cities listed was $3,800 in Toronto and Ottawa. The average in these places was $2,603 for Tor- onto and $2,319 for Ottawa. Th highest salary paid female teachers in 22 cities was $3,700 in Toronto. Toronto had the highest average, $1,852 with Ottawa. very near this mark at $1,804. • • IS COMINIG BACK The small town store is coming back, according to Henry Johnston, Jr., a contributor to "Canadian Groc- er." The writer attributes this part- ly to the fact that the novelty of hard -surfaced roads has worn off but mainly to the fact that "emelt town merchant have awakened, put their stores in better order, have better, fuller stocks, so that hometown folks find what they want without having to drive to the city." du Salut cheese in France. The art of making the British forms of cheese was brough to North America by the early settlers f rola the British Isles, and it was brought to Canada by the United Empire Loy- alist and other Britisb settlers, It. was not, however, until 1864 that the first cheese factory was established in Canada, in Oxford County, Ont- cheddar cheese has come to be recog- nized, particularly in the United Kingdom, as unsurpassed( in the the latter an evolution of the 'Port world,: With the Washington trade deal now before the House of Commons two things in connection with it are apparent. The first is that all past effort' for producing political effect from government action was exceed -1 ed in the matter of the trade treaty and ministerial propoganda regard- ing it. The second a is that this. el- aborate political effort is failing of its purpose partly because it has been overdone and partly because of a lack sof necessary precautions in relation to it. There are three main features of) the carefully developed design for political effect. The first of these is the Prime Minister's plan for re- presenting the triangular trade ar- rangement as an international peace move especially as signifying a rap- prochement between Great. Britain 'and the United States. This was intended•to ward off criticism or even examination of the actual terms of the trade bargain. The second was the care taken to include in the treaty provisions that would appear to be of special benefit to individual sections of the country. This pre-' caution it was figured would prejud- ice critics of the treaty from the outset, The third was the arrange- ment for submitting the treaty to Parliament in advance of the budget. The design here was to place Can- adian interests damaged by the trade bargain in the position of exposing themselves to the displeasure ea the Government should they complain about the terms of the treaty or should complaint be made in their behalf in Parliament, The Govern- ment left itself in a position to ex- press its displeasure by budget leg- islation. This precaution undoubtedly explains the comparative silence of important branches of Canadian in- dustry injured by the terms of the treaty. of the tveatyaidd the way of ser. mai favors was also undermined by the Opposition Leader with the tes .,,.any - od the American Government , -itself. , He found '; plenty of ammunition M the official boasts of the Washing- ton, Department. of State about hav ingg got •the`Beitish market for wheat and. ether•peaducts and the transpor- tation business that goes with it,,, away from Canada and its assurance that the "compensations" given Can- ade in return.. would not enable Can-,• adian products to compete effectively • the C(ppeaition Treader, had no in the United States market. To this. trouble at all in collapsing the Prime he added, evidence that the quotas. Minister's peace bubble when he fol- by which, the: United States had Iim lowed Mn Mackenzie King in the. !ted its concessions to this country opening of the debate on the treaty. precluded any major benefit to Can - Ageing Mr. King's claim that the adian producers. The entire potato Washington bargain is a Maier' move quota,, for example, could be filled for peace he had only to advance the by one New Brunswick county. testimony of the British and United Something of a sensation has been States governments that as, fax as caused by the disclosure that the in- - they were concerned it was purely creased quota, on heavy cattle enter - and simply a trade deal in which they ing the United States) under the, were careful to get the best terms terms of the Canada -United States. possible for themselves. treaty is not for the benefit of Can- . ado alone but is being shared aimoat , Rt. lion. Oliver Stanley, President equally by Mexico. The larger cattle - of the Board of Trade, is the Member otl the British Government mainly . quota was represented in Govern responsible for the Anglo-Aaneriean merit !statements. at the time the .• treaty, Dr. Manion quoted Mr. Stan- I treaty was signed as one of the ley 34 statinlg that he had never major concessions to Canada in com- pensation for Canada's sharing the • looked upon it as a political treaty I 'ritish but had 'considered it "entirely as an :hates. Themarket with the United„ quota on heavy cattle. economic bargain." Considering it 1 as an economic bargain, Great Brit- ain had made no sacrifices under it in the name of peace. "It was natural half this new quota is being filled • in trade matters that we should con-. by Mexico. Whereas Canada filled sider our own interest first and the the former quota alone, and oven ex - Empire next", Mr. Stanley said. Fer j ceeded it, selling over ,160,000 head to the further destruction of the Prime' the United States in 1937, at the rate Minister's claim that the treaty eft, Canada is naw sharing the new quota.. fatted a rapprochement betweensales this year will be limited to :Great Britain and the United States about 120,000 head. .which promoted world peace Dr.1 The Washington Government not - Manion pointed to the close friend- filed Ottawa before the end of Jan - Iship which had existed between the uary that the quarterly quota limit � two countries at least since the beof 60,000 head had already been 111- giruting of the century and quoted led. Canada had supplied only a little • !leading Americans as admitting that more than 30,000 head and Mexico this friendship was necessary to the' more than 24,000 head. In the first United States at the present time quarter of 1937 Canada exported. because Great Betalin and 'France 51,000 head to the United States., were its first line of defence. `Thu "gain" for Canada under the - The protection which the Govern- treaty has turned out to be a definite. Ment had sought against criticiam.loss. was increased from. 156,000 head un- der the 1935 treaty to 225,000. Now it is discovered that nearly 5 m ,z r In none of these features has the design lived up to the expectations of the Government's strategists and propaganda experts. The first part of the design has had the misfortune to collide with denials from London 'and Washington that the trade deal has any relation to international pol- l!tics or world peace. Dr. Manion, ROUND TRIP RAIL TRAVEL BARGAINS o F!NN MAR. 10-11throm toCLCHICAGOTO$12.00 MAR. nth to WINDSOR 3.75 to DETROIT Equally low fares from all adjacent C.N.R. Stations For train service going and returning see handbills or ask any Agent CWA N A D ■? P1 P1 A ■ I O NSA L MISTER LOCAL MF RCH'ANT MAKE SURE YOUR SALES MESSAGE AP- PEARS EVERY WEEK IN THESE COLUMNS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF LOCAL BUYERS AND THUS KEEP THE LOCAL DOLLARS AT HOME. Honest Aid ! It was Lincoln, wasn't it, who gave us that epigram about fooling some of the people all of the time and all 'of the people some of the time? Times have changed. Some people, today, can't be fooled at all. There are the ones who buy thoughtfully and spend wisely. They are guided by the most up-to-the-minute news about products, prices and values. They read the advertisements in their local paper. Whether you're marketing' for tonight's dinner, far a refrig- erator or for a -hone -- the most reliable guides are printed right here le this paper' for you. Make it 'a habit to shop, at hone, by newspaper, before you set out. It saves time . saves tiresome searching . .and it saves real money.