HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1939-02-16, Page 6'ME 6
THE. CLINTON NEWS -RECORD
THURS., FEB. 16, 1939
Time1O Information for
Bus • Farmer
the
(Furnished by the Department of Agriculture)
FALL WEAT AND RYE
It is estimated that the area sown
to fall wheat in the autumn of 1938
in Canada was 799,000 tteres,a de-
crease of 16,000 acres, or 2 per cent.,
as compared with . the area sown in
1937. Sowings of fall rye amounted.
to 596,000 acres, an increase of 2 per
cent;.'' compared with the former year.
FARMER'S CONVENTIONS
The following conventions are
scheduled for late in February at the
King Edward Hotel, Toronto: I
February 21 — Ontario Plowmen's
Association.
February 22-- Ontario Field Crop
andSeed Growers' Ass'n.
February 22—C1ass "B" Fairs As-
sociation.
February 23 and 24—Ontario As-
sociation of Agricultural Societies.
MILK PRODUCERS' RETURNS
The Ontario Dairy Farm Manage-
ment and Milk Cost study reveals
striking variations in the net return
secured by milk producers fromtheir
business. Studies of a similar nature
in other dairying sections of Canada
and in other countries have at other
times shown similar wide differences
in the farm business returns. ^ As in
urban business, some farmers do well
while others have great difficulty in
accumulating \sufficient net revenue'
to maintain living standards.
The operator labour earnings is the
term used in this study to express'
the return to the farm operator for'
his labour and Management after de -I
ducting from receipts all general ex -I
penses, interest on capital values at'
4 per cent., and wages for all mem-
bers of the farm operator's family
for such farm work as they do, ex-'
cent the farm manager himself. The
highest earnings for the year ending
June 30, 1937, amongst 460 shippers
of milk to fluid markets, was $5,511
and the lowest (minus)—$1,879. The
variation in operator labour earnings
between these two farms was more
than $7,000. While one cannot with
accuracy gauge farming by the net
returns in any one year of operations,
this wide variation in net returns is
a characteristic which has been re-
vealed by all ;similar studies of any
competitive business. There are sev-
eral factors whieh are responsible for
the great, difference in net income as
between farms. Some of these factors
come within and some are beyond the
control of the' farmer, such as weath-
er and prices.A farmer may suffer
a reverse in progress due to unfavor-
able conditiehs of weather • in any one
year, but over a,period of years, he
may learn through experience the.
kind of weather to expect and can
make adjustments in the business ac-
cordingly. Unusual conditions of
weather do not occur annually. The
hazards of prices, too, can be over-
come in a Large measure by • careful
study. It is true the farmer's estim-
ates of prices may be incorrect for a
period, but careful study of price in-
formation will assist greatly in• hurdl-
ing such handicaps.
ADVICE ON PIGS
Two hundred Western Ontario
farmers learned about hogs at the
Swine School at the Western Ontario
Experimental Station, Ridgetown, on
January 25th, when Dr. Lionel Stev-
enson, provincial zoologist, discussed
the nature, cause & remedy of a score
of swine diseases and internal para-
sites. He declared that drugs would
not take the place of sanitation and
good care and added: "If pigs are to
be profitable, they must start grow-
ing from the day they are born. If
a pig does not make a steady gain
during the first eight weeks of its
life, it will be hopelessly stunted the
rest of its life." Dr. Stevenson tag-
ged the "Round Worm" as one of the
worst enemies of a pig. Seventy per
cent of young pigs die as a result
of these worms, he said. He also,
decried the old method of allowing the
pig to wallow in mud and filth in
which places worm egg and disease
germs were prevalent. In place of
such conditions he recommended the
colony house system similar to that
employed by the local experimental
farm. "Forty per cent of the fault
of swine breeders today is that they
don't keep the animals clean. Pigs
are one of the cleanest animals we
have if given the opportunity to keep
clean," he declared.
LITTLE CHATS
on
FARM MANAGEMENT
No. 3
MEASURING RODS TO GUIDE-
'FARMERS
Encouraging progress has been
made towards the establishment of
standards as applied to agricultural
products during the past decade.
Wheat, apples, eggs, beef and many
other farm products are described
by a grade which has become known
to those who produce or use these
commodities. This progress has been
of value not only in the commerce
of these commodities but to farmers
in increasing their returns.
Farmers,. and the public generally,
are more familiar with the standards
of measurement for units of farm
products than with standards pertain-
ig to the whole farm. It is time that
farm revenue comes from the sale
of a multiplicity of products but the
factor of greatest importance to the
farmer is that of taking in sufficient
net revenue. from the complete farm
business to provide the desired living
standards for himself and his family.
It matters little from what products
or group of products this°desired net
income is secured.
Use has been made and will con.
tinue to be made of several usefril
farm management measuring rods
based upon physical quantity such as
milk production per cow, eggs per
hen, and yield per acre. As farmers
live less on farm products and more
'on cash income than formerly, new
standards for rating faun manage-
ment are required. These may be
Iearn.ed by a study of a large number
of farm account records. The farm
management study of 780 dairy farms
in Ontario, the first year of which
has recently been completed provides
many suggestions in this connection.
Two measuring rods thus determined,
are cash receipts and cash expenses
per crop acre.
The average cash receipts per crop
acre, for the eight whole milk mark-
et zones ranged from $28 in the Owen
Sound, Peterboro, Oshawa area to
$43 in the North Bay -Sudbury zone.
The cash expenses per crop acre for
the same zones, ranged from $22 in
the Owen Sound-Peterboro-Crs'ltawa
zone to $29 in the Sudbury -North
Bay zone, In the Eastern Ontario
cheese zone, the average cash receipts
and expenses per acre were $22 and
$16 respectively. For Western. On-
tario, the figures were $31 and $21
reepectiuely.
These new measuring rods may
serve usefully as a basis of planning
or rating a dairy farm business,
WOMAN ELDER ELECTED
For the first time in the history of
North street United church, Goderlch,
a woman has been named an eldel'
on the board of session. The woman
Mrs, Isabella Hamilton, widow of Rev.
James Hamilton, was eained to that
position at the annual congregational
meeting.
Mrs. Hamilton for years has been
actively interested in the work of the
church, and is an honorary pyresident
of the W.M.S., in which she holds a
life membership.
Retiring elders who were re-elected,
are J. E. Harnwell, R. Stonehouse, C.
M. Robertson and Frank Kershaw. All
are elected for six years.
Those elected to the board of stew
ands, for a three-year terms are E. J.
Pridham, W. J. Hodge, W. C. At-
tridge, Arthur Curry, T. J. Anderson
and A. L. Cole.
Rev. W. P. Lane was in charge .of
the annual meeting, at which encour-
aging reports were, presented by rep-
resentatives of the various organiza-
tions,
ROUND TRIP BARGAJN FARES
FEB:• 24-25 from CLINTON
TO Stations Oshawa and east to Cornwall inclusive, Uxbridge,
Lindsay, Peterboro, Campbellford, Newmarket, Collingwood, Meaford,
Midland, North Bay, Parry Sound, Sudbury, Capreol and West to
Beardmore.
P.M. Trains FEB. 24 ---All Trains FEB. 25
TO TOKOI'IT'O
Also to Brantford, Chatham, Goderich, Guelph, Hamilton, n ondon,
Niagara Falls, Owen Sound, St. Catharines, St. Marys, Sarnia,
Stratford,Strathroy, Woodstock.
Attraction—Toronto; Sat., Feb. 25 — National Hockey League
Boston "Bruins" vs. Toronto "Maple Leafs"
See handbills for complete list of destiri'ations
For fares, return limits, train information, tickets, etc.
Consult nearest agent
N yAN NAT I O N
A L
roti✓0~.00„.:.0..,noY.'.00dyiJ?.'Weivided. 4.6..o.Y1Y.ywea e„yeed.'' This way of acquiring ability, to
pension ,all earners --. earners mark
you --would not involve special. taxa-
tion, It would just mean that each
(Copyright) person earning a wage '• or salary
would himself be building up a cap -
YOUR WORLD ANI) MINE
by JOHN C. KIRKWOOD
YiwiRb'a'il'.` .v.'e'e.i'Yedwo..r. L'edrodiewok'dv.
,Alas, alas, there comes a time in amount to: r , I I
bhe life of most of us when our wage- ,. $919.58 at the end of 20 years
earring powers begin to decline—per- 1229.68 at the end of 25 years
haps cease altogether; and in the case . 1680.47' at the end of 30 years
of most of us we have no savings 1977.40`. at the end of 35 years
to sustain > s in our workless years. 2431.47 at the end of 40 years
It is when we are destitute, or near
destitute, that we look back over all If one can manage to save 20 cents
the years of our life, and say, "If only a year, and make this saving earn
I had saved money when I could have interest, then the above amounts
I suppose that it is' possible for all Take the case of a young man at
earning money to save from 10 cents age 20 who begins to save 20 cents a
to 26 cents a day. We can do this day; then at age 60 he wouldhave
by practising a variety of economies, ,nearly $5,000—$4,862.94 to be exact,
Thus, if we smoke we could cut down and if at age 60 he bought an an-
oursmoking to the extent of 10 cents nutty with his saving, he would re -
a day. Many a person smokes a whole ceive nearly $35 a month, or $400 a
Packet of cigarettes a day. If we year, which would be most useful
drink beer, then we can get along on money to one in his 60th year a
one glass less per day, and so save guaranteed income, for the rest of his'
10 cents. All of us eat, and it would
be possible in most homes to lessen
the expenditure on food and drink to
the extent of 10 cents a day without
any real deprivation. If we own a
motor car, then a saving of 10 cents
a day on gas may be possible. In
regard to clothing and allied items,
we can, if we are willed to do soy save
10 cents a day—this by wearing our
clothes, our shoes, our hose, our hats
just a little longer. We can save on
the movies and on other forms of
pleasure. All of us indulge ourselves
to some extent—we buy candy, or
soft drinks, or ice cream. At restaur-
ital sum to 'mature at the end of
40 years, and which would be convert-
ed into; a pension. This method of
!pensioning persons likely to be un-
employable would be incomparably
better than the impossible dream
schemes of California and other U.S.
States and of Alberta.
The fact isthat most persons would
be able to carry on on a wage or
salary 10% less than they are now
receiving. It might be unpleasant to
have one's income reduced 10%, `yet
!have
one knew that the 10% was being
paid into pension fund, one would
willingly adjust one's living standards
to one's lowered income.
Perhaps the greatest anxiety of
most persons is what is called social
security, meaning a wage or income
continuing until death and adequate
(for their minimum living require-
ments. They want their wage or in-
come to, be supplied in periods of un-
employment as well as in the later
years of their life—when they may be
unemployable.
It is not possible, of course, for
private industry to guarantee con-
tinuity of employment to all em-
ployees up to age 60. Private in-
dustry* is subject to the vicissitudes of
business enterprise, just as human
beings are subject' to a variety of
vicissitudes, such as misadventure, ill
health, pestilence, and regional or
world-wide catastrophes. It would be
impossible, economically, for private
industry to keep employees on the
payroll , when the market for produc-
tion failed. Take the motor -car in-
dustry, by way of example. It can-
not guarantee full-time employment
life.
The chances are, of course, that the
systematic saver would save money in
other ways, probably in the form of
life insurance; so that at age 60 or
so, he would have other savings
which, if turned into an annuity,
might, along with his $400 or so a
year from his savings at the rate of
$3 a month, give him an income of
$1000 for all his remaining years.
If the State required all employers
to pay into a government trust fund
10% of an employee's earnings, the
accumulation to be paid to the earner
ants we spend more than we need I
in the form of an annuity, beginning
to spend on the indulgence of our at age 60; or in the case of the earn-
er's death before 60 to his heirs, then
I am not advocating parsimony or this would be excellent legislation.
meanness or stinginess. I am just
Assuming' that the. Government
saying that in this country most per- would add 21/2% per annum to all
sons spend a good deal every year on sums deposited and standing to the
non-necessities—on indulgences. We credit of particular individuals on the
do so because we have no thrift pro- attainment of age 60 or so then their
gramme. We di xegard the small !financial situation from this source
silver coins in our pocket en purse— alone, would be as per the figures of
chicken feed" we call them. "We'll the following table:
never miss 10 cents" we say, and we
spend a dime: impulsively.
Yet a dime a day i$ $36 a. year.
So it should be interesting to all my
readers to know what a dime a day,
or $36 a year, amounts • to, when de-
posited in a savings bank paying 21/2
per cent interest—so:—
An annual saving of $36 will
DOINGS' IN ,THE SCOUT
WORLD
Rotarians Vs. Scouts
A bean supper, eaten seated on the
limy, picnic style, was the feature
of a Rotary Club -Boy Scout and Wolf
Cub night at Swift Current, Sask.
The Rotarians lost out in the bean
eating contest.
The Viceroy of India to Punjab
Scouts
"To you Scouts this great Rally
means . a good time under canvas,
making new acquaintances, getting
new points of view, Scouting in
friendly rivalry with boys from other
places. To me the significance is
deeper. Yau come franc different
States; you are of different religions
and 'sects. But in spite of these dif-
ferences you live here together in
goodwill and friendly rivalry. That
is the spirit of Scouting—toleration,
goodwill, rivalry without bitterness,
and retaining of your own individ-
uality while working for the good
of your particular Group, and so for
the good of all. Your States, India,
and the world as a whole are in
need of those ideals which you as
Scouts cherish, You have your part
to play;, see that you play it well."—
H. E. The Viceroy• of India, Lord
Linlithgow, addressing a great rally
of the Boy Scouts of the Punjab at
Lahore.
Young Spanish Refugees ,
Become Scouts
A troop of Boy Scouts has been
organized among the Basque (Span-
ish) boys at the Laleham Refugee
Centre, Largate, England, and regist-
ered at Imperial Scout Headquarters
as the 36th Margate (Laleham Bas-
que) Troop. "These refugee children
were so undisciplined that I was cer-
tain Margate would not put up with
them much longer," it was explained
by Rover Leader Angell. "But Scout-
ing has brought them together in the
mast marvellous way imaginable, and
every one is astounded at the result.
The Centre, which only a few weeks
ago was a flying mass of undiscip-
line, is now run on the lines of the
English, school perfect system, and
everyone is better for it." The Troop
is running to successfully that every;
one of the Spanish Boy's has passed'
his English Tenderfoot tests, includ-•
ing the Scout Law. It is said that.
the whole atmosphere of the Centre,
at which there are eighty children;
has been: transformed, by the intro,.
duction of Scouting ideas and ideals.
"Friendship supplies the place of
everything to ,those who know haw'
to. make the right use of it; it snakes: j
your prosperity morehappy, and it;
Makes your: adversity more easy."
d N
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21,960
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$
300
500
1,000
2,000
to all its employees for 52 weeks each
year, year after year. Continuity of
employment is contingent on two sit-
uations: (1) the ability, and (2) the
readiness of the public to buy all the
cars made by all the makers of motor
cars.
Motor -car workmen ,it has to be re-
membered, are a very helpless lot of
men when they are out of employ-
ment. They cannot switch over read-
ily to other classes of work, even if
there was a hunger for operatives in
other classes of industry. Motor -car
craftsmen or machinists cannot be-
come carpenters or textile workers in
a twinkling, nor could they become
good agricultural workers.
This circumstance might seem to
suggest that the motor -car industry
should, regarded as a whole, provide
inthe fat years a fund to pay their
workers in periods of unemployment,
a partial wage—a wage adequate to
keep body and soul together; and
"I know a BARGAIN
when I see ONE ! "
Come to think of it, he's right. For where will you find
anything comparable in value -so much—for so very little?
Every minute, day or night, the telephone is ready to
serve your social, business or emergency needs. You may
have grown accustomed to this service—you may think
nothing of talking across continents and oceans ! •
But when you do think it over,you realise that the modern
telephone represents the greatest value in
terms 'of service that money eau buy !
Telephone service is widely used
because it is courteous, efficient, yet
surprisingly inexpensive. Nothing
else yields so much for what it costs!
0
similarly, respect of other industries
whose needs in busy times require
highly -skilled operatives
Better, however, than that each,
class of industry should contribute to
a pooled fund for the sustenance of
operatives in the industry is the prac-
tice of all classes of industry, in as-
sociation with their employees, to con-
tribute in fat years—and perhaps in
lean years as well,—to a state fund,
to be used to pay idle operatives a
wage sufficient to keeps them 'and their
families in food and to supply them
with shelter and clothing.. This prac-
tice has been carried on in Great
Britain for many years,
We are reading just now a good
deal about profit-sharing in industry;
and of course, we are always reading
about strikes or threatened strikes as
a means of forcing employers to in-
crease wages. But, as I see it, ib
would be better if employees insiated'.
on there being created a fund, to be
operated by the state, which would I
assure them of (1) a wage when in-
dustry is stricken by circumstances
over which it has no control --stricken
to the point of complete or partial1
inactivity; and (2) a pension when,
they are unemployable.
All workers should, from the begin-
ning, be made compulsory contribut-
ors to the fund which would be used'
to provide them with a wage during•
compulsory idleness, and with a pen-
sion for their old age. That is to say,
operatives should be joined to their
employers in the -natter of erecting
a fund like that proposed.
And here's a thought: should not
employers themselves be helped from
this fetid when they find themselves;
in financial difficulties?
MISTER
LOCAL
MARCHANT
MAKE SURE YOUR SALES MES'S'AGE AP-
PEARS EVERY WEEK IN THESE COLUMNS
FOR THE GUIDANCE OF LOCAL BUYERS
AND THUS KEEP THE LOCAL DOLLARS AT
HOIME.
Honest Aid
It was Lincoln, wasn't it, who gave us that epigram about
fooling some df the people all of the time and all of the people
some of the time? Times have changed. Some people, today,
can't be foaled at all.
There are the ones who buy thoughtfully and spend wisely.
They are guided by the most up-to-the-minute news about products,
prices and. values. Tltey read the advertisements in their local
paper.
Whether you're marketing for tonight's dinner, for a refrig-
erator or for a home -- the most reliable guides are printed right
here in this paper for., yon.
Make it a habit in shop at home, by newspaper, before you
set Out: It saves time .. . saves tiresome searching: . .and it.'.
saves real .Money`,