HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1938-05-19, Page 6PAGE 6
Timely Information for the
Busy Farmer
go4
(Furnished by the Department of Agriculture)
WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST
Hoer to Itecogidze and Control this
Dangerous Disease of the
'White Pine
By W. R. Haddow
Owners of white pine, the lumber-
' man, the Government and indeed the
the public generally, .are interested
in the preservation and perpetuation
of the white pine, the most valuable
of conifers, The danger that threat-
ens this tree through the spread of
blister rust disease sliould be known
to all, and the means of combatting
it effectively should be understood
and made available to those interest-
ed.
The blister rust is a fungus which
lives on the white pine and also on
'currant and 'gooseberry bushes, espe-
cially the common black currant. Once
established on the pine, the fungus
lives there perennially, until the
time it kills the tree. But it cannot
spread from pine to pine, having first
to pass to the currant, from which
source only it is able to return to the
pine. Such a Peculiar and interesting
life cycle is not uncommon among
rust fungi, and in related to physiolo-
gical changes which take place dur-
ing the course of life. Fortunately its
existence facilitates in this instance
the control of the disease in the
woods.
Blister rust is most easily found on
pine in the Spring, the fungus grows
in the bark of the branches or trunk
for a year or more causing at first
only a slight discoloration and swell-
ing of the parts invaded. After a
time it fruits, most frequently in the
Spring or early Summer. The fructi-
fications are in the form of blisters,
pinkish or yellowish in color and a
quarter of an inch or more in dia-
meter. These blisters break through
the bark, End are often accompanied
by a considerable flow of resin. At
first they are smooth and rather
tough, but when fully ripe their cov-
ering membrane breaks and the blis-
ters have a powdry appearance. At
:..this time, if the branch is shaken,
n yellowish spore cloud can be easily
seen dispersing from the cankered
part. Blister rust cankers grow from
year to year, causing the death of
the distal part of the branch on which
they are borne, and reaching finally
the trunk of the tree, which is ulti-
mately girdled.
The yellowish .cloud referred to
above is composed of countless fungus
spores of microscopic size—which are
carried by the wind for long' dist-
ances. These spores are quite unable
to reinfect the pine, but if one should
come to rest on a currant leaf, it ger-
minates and grows into the leaf. In
time the fungus fruits on the currant,
producing at first spores which
spread the rust only among the cur-
rant bushes. .A4 little later, other
spores are dispersed from infected
leaves which are carried by the wind
and if deposited on the pine, will,
under favourable circumstances, in-
fect the tree.
Although the rust can travel many
miles from pine to currant, it is able
to spread only a comparatively short
distance from currant to pine. Since
it cannot pass from pine to pine, the
infection of trees can be prevented
by destroying currant and gooseberry
bushes within infecting range of the
pine. Wherever the pine is highly val-
ued, the black currant, which is a par-
ticularly dangerous plant, should not
be grown. It has been found that
black currant bushes within a mile of
'white pine present a danger to the
trees. Thus in pine growing districts,
co-operation of many individuals may
be necessary to save the trees.
Local authorities can render a valu-
able public service, if in finding pub-
lic opinion favourable to the preser-
vation of the pines they define pro-
tection zones and prohibit the culti-
vation of the black currant therein.
Within the pine woods, it is also
necessary to suppress the wild cur-
rants and gooseberries. This can be
• done most readily in the Spring when
• the plants are in early leaf. The
bushes are uprooted by hand and sus-
pended from branches or bushes
where they will dry out and die. No
more useful work can be found, and
for the continued welfare of the pine
'woods, such action'is absolutely nes
' eesstray.
• •
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do not run out on wet days or get in
the long wet grass. Before allowing
the stove to go out, put in low roosts
and get the birds accustomed to
roosting. The stove may be left in
the house without a fire for several
days, tote ready in case of an emer-
gency.
In planning a range for the pullets
it is advisable to Plan a year in ad-
vance so that a plot of clover will be
available each year, states B. F.
Cheney, Head Poultryman, Experi-
mental Station, Kentville, N.S. In or-
der to have the birds on clean ground
every year three plots of ground
should be available, one being in roots
or corn, one in grain and the other in
clover. With this system of range
rotation in operation it has been pos-
sible to handle three to four hundred
pullets .on a little over one-half acre
of ground each year and the birds
have an abundance of green feed.
The clover is cut late in June, allow-
ing new tender shoots to grow for
feed during July and August. If the
Part of the run used early in the sea-
son becomes bare the houses may be
shifted and the bare area ploughed
and seeded to oats for a further sup-
ply of green feed.
When placing pullets on range, ef-
forts should be made to have the
houses containing the younger birds
as far away as possible from the
older birds; if this is not done the
young birds will suffer. Space the
houses evenly over the available area.
Some shade should be supplied and
for this nothing is better than to have
the range next a patch of corn.
Feeding on range can be quite sim-
ple. Place one four -foot covered hop-
per of growing mash and one of grain
for each house, along with one large
water fountain. Limestone grit or
oyster shell should be provided and a
supply of fresh clean water should al-
ways be available. See that the hop-
pers are kept filled with mash and
grain, If there is a plentiful supply
of green feed the birds should make
good growth. Place all feeding and
water utensils up off the ground on
frames four inches high covered with
inch.mesh wire to: prgSn't
from :coming in content 'with the
ground. These feeders should be mov-
ed frequently during the season so
that the ground around the hoppers
will be kept clean at all times.
Keeping the range houses clean is
very important as dirty houses in the
warm weather are harmful to the
birds' health. Clean the houses ev
ery two weeks and go over the roost
for mites at least once a month, us
ing one quart of used crank -case of
• .
THE CLINT(JoN •/NTEViS-RECORO
Piess Attacks Aberhart
Legislation '
•
Leading, journals in Montreal and
Toronto united in a powerful attack
on the recent Alberta mortgage leg-
islation, with the Montreal Gazette
and the Financial Post Toronto, both
demanding federal disallowance of
the Aberhart acts by June 1.
The Gazette, in an editorial, charg-
ed the Aberhart government with
legalizing theft.
"The whole program purports to
make lawful what under other
sondi-
tiona would be sheer theft," the Ga-
zette asserted. "Even if the Aber -
hart Government has failed in the
main object for which it was elected,
that of applying the Social Credit
theory, it might still have retained
the respect of Canadians. Unfortun-
ately, it has not been content to ac-
knowledge the futility of its main
policy and to govern the province in
justice and, good faith, but • has now
run amok through a field of radical
legislation that is without precedent
in any country, civilized or savage.
"Having attempted to exploit the
banks, to muzzle the press, and to
tie the hands of the courts, and hav-
ing been frustrated in these efforts,
it has proceeded to the enactment of
laws which are equally if • not more
vicious."
Referring to the Securities Tax
Act, which levies two per cent on the
principal of all mortgages, payable
only by the lender, the Gazette point-
ed out that the penalty for non-
payment was 60 per cent yearly. In
addition, the mortgage holders were
obliged to furnish elaborate particu-
lars regarding all mortgages by June
1 of this year. Failure to make re-
turns entailed a fine of $10 per day
per mortgage—or $3650 fine for each
mortgage in Alberta.
"To get thein in by the first of
June becomes physically impossible
of success," said the Gazette, adding
that the Aberhart government's repu-
tation for integrity and decency was
not so high as to preclude suspicion
of a "deliberate design" to place
lenders in default for the sake of
collecting the fines.
"One of the most serious features
of this situation is that a large am-
ount of money borrowed on mort-
gages in Alberta is the property of
life insurance companies, or rather,
of policyholders throughout the Dom-
inion," the Montreal parker observed,
Wellington Jeffers, financial editor
of the Globe and Mail, Toronto, la-
belled the Aberhart government "fi-
nancial Bin:Hammers sinskeir Tpliey
0 vsli*le cancellattilind `kftli-
kiionnv's '
It was extraordinary, stated Mr.
Jeffers, to soe Hon, Solon Low, Al-
berta's provincial treasurer, "doing
these acts of war against the rest of
Canada and yet insisting that their
policy is to lift some of the load
of taxation from land and property."
Alberta's action was hurting indi-
viduals as well as institutions, said
the Globe and Mail financial editor.
"In the aggregate, the people who
lend money are as numerous as
those to whom the money is lent. The
institutions are really the agents act-
ing for4 the host of individuals
throughout Canada who want to see
their money put out to work to aid
production and commerce, or to for-
ward home -ownership.
"What individual, anywhere in the
world, would lend money in the face
of the Alberta government's present
proposals?" he demanded.
The Financial Post branded the Ab-
erhart acts "the most monstrous out-
lawry of private property and con-
tract that has yet been attempted in
Canada". They threw aside all com-
promise and reason in matters of
debt and provided, in effect, "a pre-
posterous debtseancellation scheme,"
the Post asserted.
"Approach of June 1 brings to a
head the crisis that has been devel-
oping rapidly between the Alberta
government and all investors who
have loaned money in that province.
On that date, the new Alberta Securi-
ties Tax becomes payable unless the
Federal government takes steps
meanwhile to disallow it. This act
is one of a series of statutes passed
last month by the Legislature and
which seeks to destroy investments
in the province."
It had been apparent for some time
that Social Credit and $25 -a -month
dividend were at best "a disguise
for repudiation and debt cancellation
on a scale which would free Albertans
of all debts", declared the Financial
Post, "these latest attacks on debt
morality go so far beyond reason and
equity as to indicate a clear case for
the need of federal disallowance,"
urged the Post. "Such action, to be
effective, should be immediate. It
should be taken without an hesitation
as to possible political consequences
in Saskatchewan.
"Such action would constitute no
rebuff , to the principle of debt ad-
justment already worked out in a
spirit of generous compromise 111
Manitoba and Saskatchewan. It is
action demanded by public conscience
against methods of outlawry and re-
pudiation which cannot with impunity
be countenanced in this country",
the Post stated. '
s
to two quarts of kerosene.
BOTANICAL NOTES FOR
The enchanting scent of apple
blossom • defies description; as does
the evanescent loveliness of May
There is beauty everywhere and in
everything, There is rhapsody and
romance in this season of growth,
fertility, religious rites and folklore.
The very ,devs of May Morn is said to
ibeautify the face which is bathed in
it. Even the austere Milton was mov-
ed to sing
'Hail bounteous May, thou dost
inspire
Mirth and youth and warm desire!
tinhappily, however, there is a
kill-joy which rules that May mar-
riages are unlucky. But why? Who
knows from whence arose the snag
to all this gladness?
When the city air drags the last
essence of sweetness out of golden
daffodil trumpets and tulips' glowing
cups; one must not forget the well-
being of the winter-garden—those
plucky little pot -plants that have
cheered the home through the sterner
months they, like you, are longing to
get out and join in the fun of May;
they, too, pine for a frolic and a
gambol in the fresh air, the sunshine
and the rain.
Meanwhile the wild flowers are
scrambling, with breathless haste, to
burst into a galaxy of bloom. Tril-
lium, iris, phlox, forget-me-not, pent -
stenion, orchis, milk -wort, anemone,
and a host of others smile in the
pride of their fresh, floral beauty
and, so it seems, in the lmowledge
that they afford pleasure and even
joy to so many people.•
It is earnestly hoped that this will
always be; but alas! there are omin-
ous signs that, in the not very far
future, this happiness will be denied
if the present , unrestricted picking
and uprooting is to continue.
The floral emblem of Ontario—the
large -flowered trillium—one of the
most chastely beautiful of our na-
tive wild flowers will, it is feared, be
one of the first to disappear. Huge
bunches offered for sale in the mar-
kets and to passing motorists may
be unsold and flung away to wilt
and die; those picked ostensibly to
adorn the home have met with a sim-
ilar fate. It seems that some wild
flowers need protection.
On the other hand there are those
condemned as pestiferous weeds
which can be freely gathered, and
with profit. One is the common dan-
delion, whose usefulness is extolled
by authoritative writers.
'Dear common flonir that grow'st
beside the way, •
Fringing the dusty road with harm-
less gold.
How to Control
Cutworm Damage
Cutworms are usually active and
feeding before most crops are even
in the ground. Hence it is most im-
portant to be prepared for their at-
tack at the beginning of the season.
Bran bait has given most effective
control for many years, states Alan
G. Dustan, of the Division of Entom-
ology, Dominion Department of Ag-
riculture, who is in charge of vege-
table insect investigations in Ottawa.
A list of the ingredients compos-
ing the bran bait includes bran, 20
pounds; molasses, one quart; Paris
green, one-half pound; and water
(about) 21/2 gallons. In making the
bait, the dry ingredients should be
mixed thoroughly first. The molasses
is then stirred into the water and
this solution added to the bran and
Paris green. In mixing the bait, only
enough water should be added to
make the material the consistency of
wet sawdust. It should not be made
sloppy, but so that it will crumble in
the hands and slip through the fing-
ers easily:
Land that was heavily infested last
year should be treated before the
plants are- set out. This is done by
broadcasting the bait at the rate of
15-20 pounds per acre a few nights
before transplanting. One application
should be sufficient, but if the cut-
worms are very numerous, a second
application should be made two or
three days after the first one. The
bait should always be spread in the
evening just before dusk, and, if
possible, a warm night should be
chosen for the work.
If the attack is unexpected and the
plants are already in the field, the
bait should be applied around the
base of each plant, using about half
a teaspoon per plant. Should one ap-
plication of the bait not kill all the
cutWorms, a second treatment should
be made two or three nights later.
RANGE CARE OF PULLETS
The time to allow chicks free range
without heat will depend on the sea-
son. Usually when the birds are six
to eight weeks of age they can get
along if care is taken to see that they
PICOBAC.
PI PE
TOBACCO
FOR ANI I L D, COO LSPs1(5Iii
Watch Still Goes After
Four Years in Field
Four years ago this spring, Albert
Barber who worked for Andrew Case -
011 his farm south of Viringliarre,
lost his employers watch while Work-
ing in the field. A search at that time
failed to locate the missing time piece,
On Tuesday of this week, Mr. Case-
more, while ploughing, turned up the
long lost watch. The ring and hour
hand were missing, but otherwise the
watch was undamaged, and after
winding it up, it started ticking off
the minutes again, none the worse of
it long exposure.
'", , •
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•
TIIITRS., MAY 19, 193S'
0-sE4-O,
-ort oto
pint - .60
1/2, Pint •
as
V4 Pint "
,OUTSIDE.
,
LegitaWVAL.
MULTI -USE ENAMEL
Gives sparkling beauty and long
wearing protection to wood and metal surfaces
Multi -Use Enamel is the ideal finish to give renewed life and
beauty to shabby, lusterless furniture, woodwork, toys, boats,
garden equipment, etc. And it is so easy to apply anyone
can use it with perfect results. It flows on smoothly, leaves no
brush marks, and dries to a hard finish in four hours:
Start right now to brighten up your home with Multi -Use
Enamel. Being made of the highest quality materials it gives
a hard, tough surface that will retain its beauty under the
hardest usage. 26 glorious colors to choose from:
W. T. HAWKINS, CLINTON
The Robinson Food Shop, Bayfield
'Pis the spring's largess, which scat-
ters now
To rich and poor alike, with lavish
hand;
Though most hearts never understand
To take it at God's value, but pass
by
The offered wealth with unrewarded
eye?'
Yes! even the despicable dandelion
is useful, and every part of it—flo-w-
ers, leaves and roots—just imagine
how gourmets and dietitians ' will
smile! — Nevertheless this humble
plant is ready and willing ta provide
a meal which will, at all events, de-
light the heart of a vegetarian and
should appeal to the votaress of fa-
shionable "reducing" or "slimming".
The blanched leaves and sliced
roots provide a bitter salad. The re-
ducer can, with impunity, stuff her-
self to repletion with the young
leaves boiled in two waters to re-
move the bitterness, then served as
spinach. A glass of excellent wine
made from the flower -heads, May be
allowed; if not, the feast can be
washed down with mock -coffee;
about which *s. Traill gives the
following 'directions: "The root should
be washed thoroughly, but the brown
skin not seeped off, as much tonic
virtue is contained in this brown cov-
ering of the root. This must be cut
up into small pieces and dried by de-
grees in the oven until it becomes dry
and crisp enough to grind in the
coffee mill; it is then used in the
same way as the coffee -berry, with
the addition of milk and sugar".
Thus wine, greens, salad and cof-
fee are provided by this pest of the
lawns. Bravo, gallant little dandelion!
It is this merrie, merrie month of
peerless rapture that birds, beasts,
flowers, earth and sky express with
restless urgency the essence of the
beauty that is in them. From the
fruit trees' foaming blossom the
robins liquid notes are trilled with
tireless joy; Prom the life -teeming
swamps, cool -fluting frogs sand
forth their antiphonal love -call to
the droning diapason of numberless
tiny wings; the woods shiver with
spring delight; the very earth seems
to liaise and throb underfoot; and
above is "sky so blue it makes you
wonder if it's heaven shining
through".
Indeed everywhere the secret of the
season is told with breathless Tors,
ishness. The whole countryside le.
drenched with a haze of new life,
the wonder of coming days and. the
great promise that till the end et
time the harvest shall never fail,
Milady's Fur Coat
Dressed and dyed, or undyed,
skins of furbearing animals are fa..
shioned into wearing apparel of vari-
ous kinds by the fur goods industry
of Canada. Coats, capes, scarves, co.
lass, cuffs and muffs are some, of.'
the items manufactured but the
principal of all is the Inc coat. Ac..
cording to statistics now made avail-
able, the fur coats made in Canada for•
women in 1936 totalled 90,602. This
is the largest number ever recorded
by the industry. Practically the whole
demand for fur goods in Canada ie.
met by the home industry, and. Ike -
wise nearly all of the goods manu-
factured in the Dominion are made -
for home use, the import and export
trades in manufactured fur goods be-
ing of relatively small importance.
1
The Open Road
SUPPOSE you came suddenly upon two roads. One straight, well -
trodden . . . the other thin and twisting off into undergrowth. If
you didn't want to arrive at any place in particular, you might
choose the latter, But not otherwise.
Before you, as buyer, run two roads. One is the road of know-
ledge, of an advertised product. Thousands use it. There's no
mystery about it, no doubting, nothing hidden. It leads the way
definitely to a fountain pen, a floor wax, a tooth -paste that will
give you satisfaction. When you use an advertisement, you use
an open road.
When you don't use advertisements, you go the doubtful road.
You have only hazy knowledge of the product ahead. No trade-
mark or name to depend upon guides you. The reault may or may
not be worth the effort. You don't know.
Read the advertisements. Anything widely advertised—break-
fast food, hammer, hair tonic—has proved itself good by advertising.
Advertisements put you on the
open road to satisfaction
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