Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1938-03-24, Page 6"AGE .6 THE, CLINTON NEWS -RECORD THURS., MARCH 24, 1938'. Timely Informatio'rn for the Busj Farmer • (Furnished by the Department of Agriculture) Rural Population During the past sixty years the in- crease in population in Ontario has been chiefly in the category designat- ed urban. In 1871 the urban popula- tion .numbered 356,000 and rural po- pulation 1,265,000 or 78 per cent of the total. In 1931 the urban popula- tion had increased to 2,096,000, but the rural population was only 1,336,- 000, or 89 per cent of the total. The number of occupied farms in the same sixty years showed an, increase from 172,000 to 192,000, while the size of theaverage farm rose from 93,8 acres to 118.9. These two chan- ges indicate a decrease in the size of the farm family and an increase in the total area of occupied land from 16,162,000 acres to 22,841,000 acres.' The area unproved, however, showed a much greater percentage gain, ris- ing from 8,834,000 acres to 13,273,- 000. I ' lu;;tik reforested. Tree seeds ripen on the tree and fall to the ground. `, Some of these germinate and a small tree has started to grow. It will grow into a large tree if it is protected from stock and fire, and if it survives the competition of other trees. The costof reforestation by nature is negligible when compared to plant- ing. The cost ' to the farmer is'the iloss'of pasture and the fence to keep the stock' out. Planting includes these and/also nursery and planting 'costs. Another advantage of natural seed- ing is that it is more sure. This is especially true of poor sites. Trees will start and grow well on • shallow l soils, ' while it is very difficult to se- cure a stand by planting Deciduous trees require fairly close spacing (3-4 feet) and the cost of planting at this spacing is very high. An advantage of planting over nat- ural reproduction is that only valu able species may be grown, while the valuable and weed species grow in the woods that reproduces from seed. The reproduction of the valuable spe cies in a woods can be secured by re- moving the weed trees and leaving the more valuable to seed up the op- en places. The more valuable spec- ies would also be favoured in thin pings. Many tree seeds fell and were blown around last fall and during the winter, Other species will have' seed ripening in early summer. Many of these seeds will germinate and they would grow into trees if the field is protected from fire and stock. Farmers who are fortunate to have Woodland on the farm should plan to do their part in reforestation by fencing at least from stock. Many have only a few acres left and they think that it is hardly worthwhile. But even an acre of woodland will help in controlling floods, and will be a reservoir that will help to keep water in springs and wells. T. B. AREAS FOR ONTARIO Ontario farmers are becoming in- creasingly conscious of the necessity of eliminating bovine tuberculosis from their herds. A few years ago there was open hostility in many counties to the restricted area plan fostered by Ontario and Federal Gov- ernments, but this opposition has gradually been swept away until now there are fifteen counties in Ontario in the restricted area list, Grey, Sim- coe, Lanark, Victoria and Peterbor- ough counties have signed up for tests while petitions are being cir- culated in Lennox, and Addington. Hastings, Wentworth, Norfolk, Rainy Elver, Lincoln, Essex, Welland and Bruce. Following educational meetings in Oxford county, petitions are being ;signed rapidly; a complete canvass Os being made in Iliiddlesex, Brant county held a meeting Last week to discuss application to county council to have Brant made a T.B. Restrict- ed Area. Haidimand County Coun- ell has asked the Live Stock Improve- ment committee to hold meetings and distribute application forms. • Two meetings have been held in Elgin county, one at Port Burwell, the other at Aylmer. Mr. F. S. Tho- mas, agricultural representative, is in charge of the campaign for in- structing farmers about the plan. The western part of the county will be canvassed later. Waterloo county is proceeding early next month to have cattle owners canvassed. REFORESTATION 'Planting or Natural Reproduction By I. C. Merritt There has been an intense interest./ in conservation and reforestation the past two years in Southern Ontario. It is realized by many thinking pep- `ple that too great a percentage of the land has been ele,ared in the fine ag- ricultural sections, and there are many thousands acres of sub -margin- al lands that are growing practically nothing of value, but fair financial returns would be received if trees Were growing. Much of this poor land has to be planted as there are no seed trees. Floods are liable to occur on many) of the rivers and creeks, wells and springs go 'dry, and winds have an' open sweep, thus making itmore dif- fieult to grow agricultural crops. Reforestation is a necessity in 'Ontario. The method and the agency that • should ,do, _the ..work.,,should be determined. Many think only of plantingwhen reforestation is men- tioned. They do not realize, that re- forestation includes natural reproduc- tion. An area can be reforested nat- ally if there are trees growing • on r adjacent to the area that is to be The Control Of Damping - Off Of Seedlings (Experimental Farms Note) Many gardeners prefer to grow their own seedlings for the home vegetable and flower garden. Fre- quently this work turns out to be a failure, due to the damping -off dis- ease that attacks the young plants in the very early stages of growth. Sometimes the disease starts even before the young plantshave emerg- ed, leading one to believe that there has been very poor germination, More frequently it is first noticed at about the time the tglants have devel- oped their first two leaves, and it may continue to be active for several weeks. It causes the stems of the young seedlings to become water - soaked in appearance and to rot off at about the ground level. The dis- ease is caused by several kinds of fungi which are normally present in most soils, and to avoid losses from it certain simple but necessary pre- cautions should be taken. In the growing of seedlings in an ordinary home, it is recommended that the fol- lowing procedure should be used. Make up the soil in which the seeds are to be germinated by thoroughly mixing together two parts of sandy loam, one part of leaf mould, and one part of well -washed sand. Place it in suitable containers, such as shal- low flower pots or small flats having the soil about two inches .deep in each. In a separate container such as 'a tin can, nut an amount of well - washed sand sufficient to cover the surface of the soil in the ether con- tainers to a depth of about one-quar- ter inch. Bake the containers and their, contents for two hours in a slow oven, i.e, at 350 degrees F. Af- ter baking, thoroughly wet the soil ANEW ARE YOUR ROOFS F/RE.-TRAPS? 'METAL ROOFING au CDHNCILSTANOARD ttrit4 NIAW cApf ° Pallingg sparks, driving rain, swirling snow—they'll all roll off a Council S ard Tite-Lap roof like water off a duck's back. It is good for a lifetime and is sold by us with a 25 year guarantee. And this Company iswell able to live up to every clause in that guarantee. Ask your banker. s T A T 1 T E You will find Tite•Lap the best roofing value you can get. You can put it on right over your old L o d- H e d N a 11 fs. roof: It combines etrength,durabilityand weather These modern and firepr�otection. Comes in large, easilybandled drive - screw sheets. The joints fit so closely they're practically mails with- * � „ etandtent,mee . t f lJ invisible. It is made in both Council Standard" more drawing . and "Acorn" quality. Send ridge and rafter force than a measurementsforfree cost estimate. All Conncil ordinary bared Standard trimmings, ridge caps and hi caps are iw roofing Askfor t o , nada. for i � .a. �: ,now hot -dipped galvanized after formuig. This them by name. gives extra durability. Manufacturers of the. famous Preston Steel Tome Barn Tite-Lap acetal roofing and Jameeway Poultry. 114 Guelph Street mated Readied,* at fralulioment. Preston, 001. Monwolaedforoele The Importance of Temper- ature in the Successful Brooding of .Chicks Among the controllable; factors governing success in the brooding of young chicks, the brooder tempera- ture is one of first' importance. More chicks are lost each year through chilling than from any other cause. Chilling of young chieks is usually canted by insufficient heat in the brooder, but it mayalso result if excessive heat is supplied for a short period. Draughty brooding quarters will also cause chilling, Digestive trouble, followed by diarrhoea are the common symptoms of this ailment. There is no effective medicinal rem- edy for chilling and a heavy mortal- ity usually results. Preventive meas- ures must be depended upon solelyin avoiding these heavy losses. For economical' and successful' brooding of chicks, the brooder house must be well constructed, and should also be insulated. Double boarded walls with . interlinings of building paper are, advisable. The ceiling, unlike that of the standard poultry house, should be of matched lumber to prevent the escape of heat. The floor should be well constructed to prevent the entry of draughts. Poor- ly constructed • or make -shift build- ings in addition, to being inefficient, are the most expensive kind to heat. The improved results together with the saving in fuel makes the well constructed brooder house a good in- vestment. For most farms the flat roofed type of colony house; about ten feet by twelve feet, is the most satisfac- tory kind to build. A house of this kind •can be moved readily and used for brooding during the spring, and as a shelter in the field for the grow- ing birds during the summer months. When used as a brooder, it should be located conveniently close to the house in order that the necessary at- tention can readily be given to the care of the young chicks, and more particularly to the stove. A. site should be selected that is protected from winds, and the house should be well banked to prevent floor draughts. - For brooding early hatched chicks, the most suitable type of brooder stove is one that burns coal. With a coal -stove brooder, the amount of heat supplied is sufficient to main- tain the required temperature dur- ing cold weather. While hard nut - sized coal is the most dependable fuel for brooders, most of the stoves are capable of burning either hard or soft coal, At the experimental farm, Brandon, the average daily cost of fuel per brooder during the past three seasons, using hard nut coal at a cost of $20 per ton, was 15 cents. The stove should be operated for several days before the chicks are placed in the brooder, By doing this, the house becomes thoroughly warmed and the oaeritor becomes ac- customed to regulating the stove. Most brooder stoves are equipped with thermostat for controlling the cheek draught. In addition to this control mechanism, it is advisable to suspend a thermometer from the edge of the hover so that the temperature of the floor is shown. A self -record- ing thermometer is the best kind to use for this purpose. During the first week of brooding, the floor temperature under the edge of the hover should be about 100 degrees F. After the first week, the temper- ature can be gradually lowered. Chicks that have an adequate supply of heat usually arrange themselves in a circle at a comfortable distance from the stove. Chicks when too cool are restless and noisy. An uneven temperature is equally as harmful as an inadequate supply of heat to young chicks. Every pre- caution should be taken to prevent the brooder temperature from fluc- tuating. A well controlled brooder temperature is of prime importance in the prevention of heavy losses When the chicks are young, Brood- er temperature is also an important factor in preventing the chicks from crowding, which is frequently a fore- runner of unthriftiness and high mor- tality. with freshly boiled water and when the soil has cooled scatter the seeds very evenly but not too quickly over the surface.. When this is done, sift the sand evenly aver the seeds until the required depth of sand is reach- ed. For most vegetable and many flower seeds this should be one-quar- ter inch but for very small delicate flower seeds the amount of sand should be less. Place a sheet of glass over each container and put in a warm place, 75 degrees to 80 de- grees F. Turn the glass over once or twice a day. When the seedlings have emerged place the container in a warm sunny position and gradual- ly increase the ventilation over a period of several days until the young plants canstand the dry room air. bo not water until necessary and use cooled, boiled water. Watering should always be done in the morn- ing, so that the surface of the sand will become dry during the day. Prick out the plants when the first two true leaves have `'emerged. He who imagines he can do with- out the world deceives himself much; but he who fancies the world cannot do without him is under still greater deception. Prepare Farm Horse For Work Ilk *ring The mechanically -minded tractor- farmer no doubt has his tractor thor-• oughly overhauled in preparation for the spring work. The 'farmer 'who depends on horse power may well take a leaf out of the same book, for while horses attend to their own re -1 pairs, nevertheless a certain amount of "tuning up" is necessary even with horses if economical power is to be obtained. This is a good timg to look, into this matter states G. W. Muir, . Dominion Animal. Husband- man. Most idle horses will have been wintered on a good maintenance ra- tion and rightly 'so,' as horses fatten- ed during the winter are inclined to be soft and in poor condition for hard spring and slimmer work. The main- tenance ration of rough feeds should now be gradually replaced by a med- ium grain ration and better quality roughage, preferably timothy hay, increasing' the quantity until a full working ration is being fed at the start of the heavy spring work. The preparatory grain ration may con-' sist of from 10 to 12 pounds of grain daily in three feeds. At heavy. work the ration should consist of 1 to 11/ pounds of grain and 1 pound of hay for every 100 pounds live' weight. A 1,500 pound horse would i thus receive 15 to 19 pounds of grain and 15 pounds of hay per day. A good method of feeding is as fol- ows: morning, 6 pounds grain, 5 pounds hay; noon, 6 pounds grain, 3 pounds hay; evening, 4 pounds grain, 8 pounds hay. Rolled oats er whole oats with a little bran are ideal grain rations. A little barley or corn, rol- led, may replace some of the oats for heavy working horses. Cut the grain ration to one-half on idle days and at week ends. A. bran mash on Sat- urday night, made with molasses and an occasional dash of saltpetre, will prove beneficial both during the fit- ting period and while at work. Make all changes in feeds gradually. Salt, preferably in rock form, should be before the horses at all times. Allow water freely and fre- quently with the larger supply before rather than after feeding. Water as frequently as possible when working. If the hair is long and heavy, clip- ping is desirable and thorough groom- ing is energy well spent at all times. Clean and fit collars and harness carefully. Daily washing of should- ers after the day's work with cold salt water will cleanse and toughen the skin, especially in, young horses. Particular attention should be paid to the teeth and feet of the horse. If necessary, have the teeth examin- ed and "floated" to provide proper grinding surfaces. Trim the feet carefully, keeping the wearing sur- faces level. For work on the land, shoeing is not always necessary, but where needed frequency and correct- ness of shoeing is important, Lice, worms, and bots take their toll of the horse's energy and should be elim- inated early in the campaign. Plenty of good feed, timely atten- tion, and thought, not unmixed with the milk of human kindness, will WHAT OTHER NEWSPAPERS ARE ; SAYING VERY FINE Captain Anthony. Eden, Ministers of Foreign Affairs for 'Great Britain found himself holding divergent view from those held by Premier Chamber lain. Apparently the views of the two men were irreconcilable. " Capt Eden resigned, the seemly thing for him to do. But that was riot all. He said to his fellow countrymen, "Let us give the Prime Minister every chance to carry out his views," We eanot but respect & man who has the Alf -control and the good sense to act as Contain Eden acted. There was no calling of ill names. There was no shouting that the Prime Minister was irretrievably' wrong and less than a patriot and an honest man. The conduct of these two men is in accord with the best traditions not only of Britain but of the race. Should Mr. Chamberlaifu find that Captain Eden is right, he'll admit the fact, Should Captain Eden discover that he was wrong, he'll acknowledge his mistake. Should either or both these statesmen discover that there Is a better policy for carrying on than either had thought of hitherto, they will bath of them accent that policy and work together for the good of Britain. In any case each will esteem the other as a gentleman. —Exeter Times -Advocate. tion of teacher;; must be considered. There must be suitable increases with, relation to experience, and service, a proper recognition.ef additenal study _ and achievement above the minimum required. The status of teachers as a group is of great importance to parents and eitizens generally. --Lis- towel Banner. AN EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENT On Saturday last, in Chatham, the Essex, Kent, Lambton, Elgin, Middle- sex School Trustees and Ratepayers' Association, in annual session, pas- sed a resolution advocating that the province enact legislation setting the minimum salary of public school tea- chers at $700. These men believe that a good teacher is worthy of his hire, that he should be paid a living wage, and a minimum wage as in other lines of work. It is a matter of encouragement to find public school authorities making progress toward restoring and read- justing of teachers' salaries. The tangible rewards of teaching were gradually being raised toward pro- fessional standards when progress was arrested by the depression, but now salary problems are being stud- ied anew and salary schedules are being proposed and adopted. Payment of a fair remuneration to teachers is especially significant and important because of the place educa- tion occupies in our national well-be- ing and because it effects the future members of the profession. Unless teaching can offer at least the secur- ity„ the well-being and independence promised in other lines of work, it will be impossible to attract, a suffi-I cient number of men and women of the highest qualities to the education- al field as a life work. Not only a standard living, but the various qualifications and classifica- work wonders in the development of basic viewer and rippling force in man's best ally, the noble horse. SET A PRECEDENT Something o u t of the ordinary took place a week or so ago in Ot- tawa when a delegation waited upon Premier King that did not ask for any favors had no axe to grind. This in itself This delegation was composed of the officers of the Canadian. Weekly Newspaper Association who were holding a business meeting in Ottawa. The interview was arranged simply oto pledge the cooperation of the 750 member papers to do what they could in overcoming the public apathy to- 'ward'ward's government problems. 's Financial Post comments an this interview as follows: "Such unu- sual tactics took the cabinet members by surprise; they waited for the joker." When none was forthcom- ing the Prime Minister shed his usual reticence; talked frankly and freely about current national problems. In return the editors urged the Govern- ment to find ways and means of pro- viding local papers with more regular, informative material about the af- fairs of state, the work of govern- ment departments; the doings of law- makers. "The C.W.N.A. have set an impor- tant precedent. It should be follow- ed by other national delegations when they visit federal or provincial governments. • "Without a frank exchange of op- inion such meetings are of little value If handled the way the weekly news- papers' interview was handled last week, such meetings can be widely beneficial to governed and governors alike."—Listowel Banner. Preparing For The Hatching Season (Experimental Farms Note) Repeated experiments have shown that for egg production, pullets are superior to older birds. The incuba- tion, hatching and rearing of a great many chicks is therefore a yearly necessity. The tendency is towards large hatcheries supplying the smal- ler poultryman and farmer, and the sale of day-old chicks, sexed chicks and cross -bred chicks has increased rapidly. The individual can now purchase chicks from recognized agencies with assurance. The Department of Ag- riculture is now grading chicks as follows: Purple label, R,O.P. chicks from blood tested and Government recorded flocks; Red label, R,O.P. Sired Chicks, from bloodtested and Government approved flocks; Blue label, Approved chicks, from approv- ed cockerels, and approved banded FREE: BOOK ON HOCKEY "How to Become a Hockey,, Star" by that great authority T. P. "Tommy" Gorman, a Great Book profusely illus+ trated and containing many , valuable tips on how to play the game. also AUTOGRAPHED PICTURES of GREAT PLAYERS (mouniedforframing) , Group Montreal. "Maroons./ Group 'Lea Canadiees'l or individual pictures of/: DnveTrotticr Johnny Gagnon Horbfo Crim iiuldy Northcott Wilf. Cuda Paul Haynes Ruse Blinco "Bubo" Siebert PeteKolly Earl Robinson Aurol Joliet MartyBany, - Bob Gracie Walton' Batmen Joare Desiletna Curl Voss George Ababa "Aro" Bailey Gus Marker Stow Evans ank -Boucher r Dave Kerr Too Blake "Ring" Clancy or any elate most prominent plasma on M the"aroon, or' Loa Canadiene" dab. • Your choke of the above • For a label from a tin of "CROWN BRAND" or "LILY WHITE" Corn Syrup.—Write on the back your name and address and the words "Hoc- key Book" or the name of the picture you want (one book or picture for each label). Mail label to address below. EDWARDSBURG CROWN BRAND CORN 5YRUP FAMOUS ENERGY FOOD, TL.CANADA STARCH COMPANY Limned TORONTO rz and bloodtested flocks. For those who wish to incubate - their own eggs, the use of R.O.P., or• approved males is recommended, and, it is advisable to secure males early in order to get a good selection and to acclimatize them to local condi- tions. Incubators should be looked over - and put in first class shape. They should be scrubbed and disinfected prior to incubation and also between hatches. It is always good policy to - have spare incubator supplies o hand, as many a hatch has been ruin- ed by something going wrong after incubation has commenced and no spare parts on hand. Thermometers. should be tested and placed at pro- per levels as a degree or so out may make considerable difference in size_. and strength of the hatch. Care should be exercised in select- ing electing normal eggs of good shell texture and colour. Breeding pens of the best hens mated to good males should receive the right feed and attention in order to obtain eggs thatb will pro- duce strong chicks. Follow the dir- ections supplied by the manufacturer' for operation of the incubator as the directions have been compiled after considerable experimentation. IT'S THE TRUTH "Send a sample copy out to my neighbor out there" said a farmer the other day as he paid his subscription. • He went on to explain that he was about fed -up with the way his neigh- bor was borrowing his copy of the home paper even before he had bine to read all the news himself. An- other subscriber on a rural route task-• ed us to stop his subscription for a month or so until he got a neighbor - toff the habit of borrowing it each week. "WE SAVE EUERY 'WAY ry Yr•ssa* 11 with our CHEVROLET" .AND those savings began the very moment we signed the order! For with ti all its smarter appearance, inside and out—with all its extra room and quality features—our Chevrolet eost us less to buy. "And it's so easy on gas and oil We get 22 !Hiles to the gallon—even more in country driving.' IsIy husband says that's due to the Valve -in -Head economy engine ... but what interests pin is that we drive farther than ever now, on less gasoline. "If you're the 'keeper of the budget' in your family, too -take my tip and choose Chevrolet for savings." Yes, you save in style when you own a new Chevrolet! For it's the most beautiful, as well as the most economical Chevrolet in history. See it, drive it, and compare your savings—today; 'tai?:>a'b�vc..eW PERFECTED HYDRAULIC BRAHES ROOMIER ALL -SILENT ALL -STEEL BODIES FISHER NO -DRAFT -VENTILATION *On Master DeLuxe Models lllu,trated—Chevrolet j- pastoager Matter De Lore Sedan with trunk. eitOeiteitgae C-988 THE SYMBOL OF SAVINGS. M NedigeraCIinton PRICED FROM $82O (2 -Pass. Master $usiness Coupe) Master De Luxe Models from 092 Delivered et factory, Oshawa,.Ont, Gov crnment tax, freight and Ii8ense extra Con- venient teems may bearranged through the General Motorm3hetalment Plan,