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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1940-05-02, Page 6''PAGE 6 THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD'. THURS., MAY 2, 1940' 1 Read - And Write For You { (Copyright) By John C. Kirkwood iTneen `seneeryianne. assn onscreen ares. hY.M11' ennia.rneharneein than` In the Italian Piedmont is Valenta, exprect an increase in public control a city of 12,000 population. In Wel of mineral resources, both national city are 180 families each of whom 1 and international. The trend toward owns "a workshop where they make "public control of mineral resources artistic jewellery, using gold, plat- has been steadily growing in the Mum, silver and precious stones. This last .twenty years." specialized industry his. been carried on by the families and their forebears 'unceasingly are universities and for centuries. It is a survival of the mg y old guild system. These jewellers do colleges giving vocational guidance to not Ihave a central vaultfei; the cis- their students, and also something tody of their precious. materials, or more. Thus, they are coaching grad-, indeed any vault. The platinum, gold grad- uating atudxsuts in the technique and silver and precious stones needed by Practice of job -finding. It is true each family are taken to them daily that many colleges and universities have "placement" bureaus, to assist by messengers. Apparently these work -needing and work -seeking •seen. nets to find a job. But the newer idea is the preperartio a of students for going out and finding jobs on their own initiative. Here's the pro- gramme of one college: —the student is helped to analyze special pieces for presentation pus- himself in order to learn what sort of career he is qualified for and what poses. Son succeeds father in this business, and this has been going on his capabilities and aptitudes are. for hundreds upon hundreds of years. messengers are not molested by gang- .eters and thieves. The value of gold used monthly by these 180 families, not to speak of the value of the other, materials, is about $90,000. To these craftsmen are entrusted the making of many Skis were used in Scandinavia 2000 B.G.! This is known by the discovery of specimens in Swedish marshes. There are many references to skis in Norse ages''=stories of the use of skis in 'hunting and in battles —stories going back to the 8th cent- ury A.D., and contemporaneously skis were used in North China. The first historical instance of the military use of skis is the .battle of Isere, near Oslo, in 1200. In 1204 Norwegian ski troops from Finnmark overwhelmed a superior Danish force in the region of Petsamo. In the Finnish war of 1808-09 with This is accomplished by test, inter- ♦iew and personal analysis. the techniques of job -getting are presented in lectures' and practice in- terviews, with class discussion. the student is guided in research calculated to reveal the broad fields of work open to a person with his qualifieatioess. " --the students are made acquainted with the main problems of adjust- ment in passing from college to the world• of business. —time is spent training students in the arts of letter -writing, appoint- ment seeking and interviewing. Benjamin Franklin's birth 150 Russia the Swedes and Finns used Years ago on April 17 had celebration skis. In that war the Russians at- rt his own land, and same of his wise sayings were recalled. Here are specimens: —Diligence is the mother of good luck. —A fat kitchen snakes a lean will. —He that • goes a -borrowing goes a -sorrowing. —He that lives on hope will die tempted to cut Finland in two, but were defeated. In 1902 skiing found its way into the French army, and Italy, Germany, Austro-Hungary and Russia began using skis for patrolling, scouting and communication. In the World War No. 1 ski troops were used in the'' fasting. Alps on the Italian front, in the' —Perform without fail what you Carpathians and in the Vosges. After resolve. 1914 Britain began experimenting' with skiin for military purposes. g During the winter manoeuvres of 1934 Canadian units training in the Laurentians used skis. All this history is very interesting in view of the intensity of interest in skiing by Canadians and' Americans in recent years. Thirty-five miles west of Phoenix, Arizona, is "Library Valley" — a series of canyons with granite walls.' On these walls are writings and drawings — "petroglyphs", they are tailed, and their writers and artists — some of them — belong to pre- 1 historic times. It is said, however,' that the inscriptions were continued up to the time, or near it, that the Spaniards came to America. So far no one has been able to translate the writings, so their secrets or meanings await archaeoligists with a will to solve their riddles. Besides inscriptions are geometrical designs, swastilfas, birds, reptiles, lizards, deer, snakes and other animals. Library Valley has not hitherto ex- tensively been visited, yet from now on it is likely to attract multitudes of curious persons. The road to it from Phoenix is none too good, and traeereea a desert. Researchers in the realm of family dement have come to the conclusion that niece born in February and Marie are more apt to have genius that these born, in other months; also that first-born children do better in life than last -born ehildren — this when the number of children in the family does not exceed five or six. One conclusion from studies is 'that first -bora children have better health than later -born children, probably due to the greater vigor of the mother which precedes child-bearing. By far the larger part of thel world's& mineral resources belongs to the democracies. Great 'Britain and the United States alone control, polit- ically and commercially, nearly three- fourths of the world's production of minerals. With the rapidly increasing scale of I ndust:t. the demand for the aces- nary raw materials is concentrated on a few large atineral sources. Hence 'the growing dependence of the defic- ient nation's on more distant sources of supply. These "have not" nations are increasingly demanding, that the "have" nations share with them, equitably, the minerals of necessity. One student of this minerals problem is Dr. C. K. Leith, chairman of the Minerals and Metals Advisory Com nittee to the Assistant Secretary of War of the United States. Untimat- ely, believes Dr. Leith, there must be some colleetive guarantee of equality of access to ' raw materials. This would oampei the "haves" to regard themselves as trustees. But the polit- ical difficulties .involved; in a con- sideration of this idea,' are •seemingly insoluable. "Whatever -the 'solution may be,' says Dr. Leith, "we musts WOOD ASHES MAKE A GOOD FERTILIZER They Should Not Be Thrown Away When Fuel Wood is Cut Approximately 10,000,0000 cords of fuel wood are cut and burned in Can- ada every year, and a great deal of the ashes are thrown away, although they have a definite agricultural value. A report from the Chemistry Division of the Dominion Department of Agriculture shows that wood ashes are as valuable as fertilizer. They contain potash, carbonate of lime, and a small amount of phosphoric acid which are plant foods. Unleached wood ashes may have as much as 8 per cent. potash. Few ashes, however, are pure, bits of charcoal, earth, and other materials are always present, Nevertheless, if the ashes are kept under cover to prevent leaching, the percentage of potash is around four to six per cent. Hardwood ashes contain more potash than ashes from softwood. Plenty of Potash Along with potash, wood ashes may contain about 70 per cent carbonate of lime and perhaps two per cent. of phosphene acid, both being plant foods. Because of the high lime con- tent, wood ashes are particularly beneficial on acid soils, especially acid pests and mucks. The potash content of ashes makes them desir- able for mangels and the clovers which are both heavy feeders en lime and potash. However, ashes should not be used far potatoes, the alkaline nature of the ashes encouraging the growth of scab in the potatoes. Sug- gested rates of application of ashes are for 1,200 to 1,500 pounds per acre, equivalent to 60 to 70 pounds of potash, 500 to 1,100 pounds aF phosphoric acid, if the ashes are clean and unleached. NEW HYDRO LINE FROM QUEBEC TO TORONTO A. new 220,000 -volt transmission line from the Quebec boundary will be constructed shortly, it was an- nounced Last week by the Ontario Hydro -Electric Power Commisison. The new circuit will be completed at a cost of between $6,000,000 and $7,- 000,000. and will be in service as far as Leaside, suburban Toronto, within a year, officials said. IS THIRD GENERATION IN LIGHTHOUSE POST Capt. Jahn D. Chapman has .receiv- ed the appointment of keener of the light at Cape Croker lighthouse. Capt. Chapman represents the third genera- tion in his family to hold the position. His father, Capt. William Chapman, retired this year. The lighthouse is said to have one of the strongest lights on the Great Lakes. It is sit- uated on the mainland in a remote section` of •Cape °raker Indian reserve. St can only be reached by trails through rocky, tree -covered sections or by boat along the shoreline. Fate of a U -Boat by TAFFRAIL This eye -witness story of the sinking of a U-boat which at- tacked a convoy, gives a vivid picture of the war at sea. • ' An e's'cort vessel was in company with a convoy. The weather was hazy, with a strong following wind and a heavy sea, and at daylight three ships of the convoy had lost touch with the others. Soon after ten in the morning there was, thick fog, and about an hour later one of the steam-. ere in the convoy a neutral, was torpedoed. The explosion was seen and heard from the escort vessel, which at once went on to full speed and steered for the position of the submarine. Af- ter a few minutes definite contact was obtained with the Asdic, that wonderful instrument which has been referred to as "impalpable fingers groping beneath the surface of the sea." Presently a periscope was sighted, dead ahead. It was seen for a mom- ent or two, then dipped, then reap- peared and remained in sight for at. least twenty-five seconds, and only 150 yards ahead. One can imagine the suppressed' excitement at sighting that periscope right under the bows. The U-boat seemed to be offering herself up on a plate, and appears to have been incredibly careless. Her captain was so intent upon' inspecting the ship he'd torpedoed, that he was apparently unaware of the escort vessel's presence. In less than a minute the escort vessel started to let go her depth charges, which exploded one after another at various depths below the surface. Two large air -bubbles came to the surface; but for the time, no signs of the U-boat. So the hunt continued. A little later the hunter regained contact with her Asdie, and dropped more depth charges. Still there were, no signs of the submarine. Mean- ) while, other ships in the neighbour- hood had been informed of what was going on, and just before two o'clock two British destroyers arrived and joined in the hunt, Then a French destroyer appeared. At half -past two, the weather hav- ing cleared a little, the escort vessel suddenly sighted a submarine on the surface at a range of about two miles. She opened fire, and so did the Frenchman. A flying -boat joined in the search, sighting the U-boat an the surface with several men on dock, and dropping a bomb which fell with- in twenty feet of its target. The U-boat, long and low, was very difficult to see from the ships be- cause of the patchy mist on the sur- face. Then she disappeared altogether —blotted out. But steaming on, the escort vessel saw five men struggling in the water, so threw a Carley boat overboard as she' passed. Then she sighted another object, which was at first taken to be the U-boat's conning tower. An attack was about to be made when the mist cleared and the object was seen to be a rant with a large number of men clinging to it. There was a thick scum of oil all round it; but no signs of the submarine. She had sunk, and from the number of men an the raft it was obvious she had been aband- oned. The men were rescued, and a de- stroyer picked up the others from the Carley boat. They saved every man of the U-boat's crew except the cap-. tain, who had either elected to go down with his ship, or had been too late in making his escape. Describing the attack, the Germans told how one of the first depth charges had caused the stern gland to leak and to admit some tons of water. While they were trying to repair it, another charge exploded close alongside with a shattering detonation. This, coupled with a shortage of air, finally drove the leaking U-boat to the surface, and surrender. This is merely one incident out of many which shows the efficacy of the submarine detecting devices now fit- ted in most British escort vessels and destroyers. But it also, gives some idea of the constant watchfulness that is necessary in the vessels escort- ing Alliedconvoys, and of the liaison between the Navy and Air Force. TORONTO FACTORY TURNS OUT BREN GUNS Had you been standing in the vic- inity of a Toronto manufacturing plant a few weeks ago you might have heard a new and strange sound rising above the normal bustle off industrial activity. It was the staccato bark of a Bren machine gun and the burst of firing was the signal of a new Canadian accomplishment—an accomplishment that may take on more and more significance before the war is over. The machine gun that fired that first round was made in its entirety from raw Canadian steel, tempered and treated by Canadian experts, fashioned into its intricate shape by the hands of Canadian workmen. Today, and for many months to come, hundreds of Canadian brothers of this, the world's most modern and efficient , light machine gun, will travel from the assembly line. They will fire their first bursts on the plant's testing range and; be handed over to the forces of Canada and the Motherland to play their part in win- ning the Allies' eventual victory. HOLMESVILLE MAN'S PARENTS 53 YEARS WED Mr. and Mrs. William Butts, es- teemed residents of Seaforth, quietly celebrated the fifty-third anniversary of their -marriage on Saturday at their home on West William street, when a number of friends anri neigh- bors called to convey congratulations and good wishes. Mr• Butts, who is 88 years of age, was born in Usborne and his wife, formerly Miss Kath- erine Workman, near Hensall. They were married at the parson- age, in Hensel] in 1887. They recall that the sprig of that year wan somewhat similar to this one. As they drove along the road they saw a few farmers ploughing the sod„ Retiring from their farm in Tuck- ersmith, they came to Seaforth some yearn ago, where they still reside. Their family consists .of 'four .sone: Edgar •and Thomas, Kippers Roy, Holmesville, and John, in Flint, Mich; speedily and accurately as could be expected from the best' product. Some idea of the enormous task that had been accomplished with the firing orthat first giro may be gained Prom the fact that 17,604 fixtures,. tools and gauges are used in conjunc- tion with 600 machines in turning out a Bren gun. Because they had no counter part in other lines of in- dustry, a great proportion of these tools, gauges and other pieces of equipment had to be made in the plant itself. Even in the steel many problems are presented, because each Bren gun contains fifteen different alloys which must be constantly examined and checked by expert metallurgists. The journey taken by the Bren gun from the moment it is so many lumps of shapeless steel until it is a deathly weapon: of precision, takes in 2,846 separate and distinct operations. The story of how, these complicated weapons were taken from the draft- ing boards of Europe and put into Canadian production is one of the most interesting. in the annals 0! Canadian industrial history. The vast majority of our Canadian workmen, it must be remembered, had never befonte worked on the produc- tion of machine guns, or any other kind of light weapon, for that matter. When the Canadian concern was given its contract, it was allowed two years in which to prepare itself for actual production of guns, because military authorities here and in Eng- land well realized the tremendous difficulties to be faced in setting up the necessary manufacturing 'facil- ities. However, thanks to the skill and versatility of Canadian workmen and engineers, the guns went into pro - •duction a full five months ahead of the allotted time. The first gun to come off the line was expected to contain many faults subsequently to be oorrected by ad- justments to machines and increased experience on the part of the work- men themselves. Ylet, to vise the words of a plant official "She acted like a lady." Mounted on the test range, it plug- ged its bullets into the target as HOW BRITAIN DEALT WITH THE MAGNETIC MINE By A Naval Correspondent Magnetic mines are laid on' the sea bottoin, and are only effective if ships passing over them are inside the danger area of the explosion. They. are useless in depths of 300 feet or more, and are thus complementary to the ordinary moored mines floating beneath the surface and designed to fire on a ship striking thein. The development and laying of magnetic mines forced Britain to provide spec- ial methods of eleaiance . aver and above the ordinary sweeping of moor- ed mines. As regards the antidote, much has recently been heard of "de-gaussing" bens fitted to ships of all types from trawlers to battleships,; for the pur- pose of neutralising their magnetism and so rendering them immune from magneto mines. Dr. Gauss, one be- lieves, was a Scandinavian professor who died in the middle of the 19th It starts this journey as 101 pounds of steel and completes it as 21 pounds. of machine gun,trimmed down in some instances to accuracies of 4-1,000 of an inch. Such precision reaches its highest degree in the standards room of the plant, where there are measuring devices capable of registering up to ten one -millionths of are inch. This room is kept at a constant temperature of 68 degrees F. to prevent even the slight expan- sion and contraction of steel due to changing temperatures. The gun itself is designed as a successor to the Lewis light machine gun. It is primarily an infantry weapon. It is the standard light machine gun of the British Empire. The name "Bren' is a contraetian of "Brunn" Czecho-Slovakia, where the gun was first developed, and "En- ield" in England, where it was re- fined and perfected for use in the British forces. It fires one magazine clip of 30 rounds in 4 seconds and a well-trained crew o£ two soldiers can fire 210 of its .303 calibre cartridges in one minute, including the time necessary to change clips. Nothing moves on the outside of the gun and all principal parts are interlocked, thus doing away with nuts and bolts so far as possible. In its initial order, Canada will supply a total of 12,000 of these weapons -7,000 to its own forces and 5,000 to Great Britain. GAS ATTACKS, IYATE. BACK. TO 431 B.C. ,. Pamphlet. Dropping_ Old. Trick—Was . Used in Napoleonic Wars In the Peloponnesian War, between; r the independent city, states of Greece, . gas attacks were employed. In 431. B.O., the Spartans .attempted to capes ure the cities of Belgium and Platea by the use of burning sulphur and.. pitch, says the Moncton Trans'cript.• Marco Polo refers to the Karauhas, a Persian tribe, who applied :a loud gas in warfare. Tice Crusaders met. burning pitch and ' its • nauseating stench in their attemps,,on.Falestine.. The Royal Flying Corps dropped. 25,000 messages` over. German lines., in October, 1914. It was old stuff even then, for during the Napoleonic wars Lord. Cochrane had psmph lets., dropped from kites owned by the brig, Pallas'• along the French coast.. In the Diary ofSamuel Pepys there. nay be found this passage: ' "Friday, March 14, 1662. Home to.. dinner: In the afternoon come thee century; but gave his name to the Geirui;an, Dr. Muffler, to discourse unit of magnetic flux, just as the with us about his engine to blow up.•. names of Ohm and Ampere are now ships. We doubted not the matter • used in the technical language of of tact, it bteing tried in Cromwell's electricity. The "de-gaussing" belt or girdle, or "D.G." equipment, as it is now called, consists of a number of strands of ordinary insulated cable passing round the shipabout the level of the upper deck, and energised in a special way by an electrical cur- rent. It neutralises the permanent magnetism of the vessel, so that she is able to pass over a magnetic mine without deflecting the needle and firing the charge. Total immunity against mines, magnetic or otherwise, cannever be guaranteed. However, no ship fitted with the new gear has yet been dame aged, while an officer responsible for its development expressed himself as being prepared -to take a "de -gauss - ed" ship over any number of mag- netic minefields. It should be added that the ap- paratus which was suggested by the officers of one of His Majesty's Naval Establishments, with the able advice and assistance of civilian scientists, was developed in less than three months from the time the need for it became apparent. In order to expedite delivery of cables addressed to members of the C.A.S.F. overseas, the following re- gistered cable address has been secur- ed: "Canrecord,London". All cables for personnel of C.A.S•F. should be addressed as follow: Regimental number, Rank Name, CANRECORD, LONDON. time, but the safety of carrying them in ships; but 'he does tell us, that when he comes to tell the King hie secret, for none but the Kings, suc- eessively, and their heirs must know it, it will appear to be of no danger at a11. We concluded nothing; but. shall discourse with the Duke of York tomorrow about it." Pepys, first lord of the admiralty, apparently worried less about mag- netic mines than Churchill, his sue - maim, for he does not mention therm again. The French Military Mission in Eng- land has shown much interest in the French courses provided for tate • Canadian troops overseas. Facilities of the French Liaison offices bis , London have been put at the disposal of Canadian military authorities. MP Music Teachers and Pupils TORONTO CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC MIDSUMMER EXAMINATIONS Practical—Juno and July Teory—Juno 131h, 14th and 1511, Applications and fee, must react the Conservatory not later than MAY 15th, 1940 135 College Street, Toronto 66 AIN STREET" The buying power of "Main Street" is not a novelist's dream, but a vibrant merchandising reality. Concentrated in towns and villages across the Dominion, it is responsible for 69 percent of retail sales in the whole of Canada. By advertising in Canada's Weekly Newspapers you tap the full force of that buying power with a resultful pre- cision impossible to achieve through any other medic n. Why? Because the predominant interests of the people who live in those towns and villages are absolutely loc- al. Because the Weekly Newspapers alone cater to and stimulate those localized interests. And because your product advertised in the Weekly Newspapers assumes an intimate, localized significance to those who possess and exercise that 69 percent buying power at point of sale. Clinton's "Main Street" Market is your major market. And the Clinton News -Record is your most economical, most direct, most effective means of reaching it. Tho Clinton I\'T owsioeord Member Canadian Weekly Newspapers Association.