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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1929-08-08, Page 3Crossing The Ocean By Zeppelin By HUGE ALLEN itegular transoceanic passenger travel by dirigible airship now seems. definitely assured at a comparatively early date. The Germans have made the first start. Bat 'with Great ;Bri- tea completing two great ships, each half again as largo as the "Graf Zep•' peliu, and with America construct- ing two naval ships, each almost twice, that size, as precursors of the -American .commercial fleet, the next five years should bring. many signi- ficant developments , After its round trip . across the At- lantic, which was highly successful in spite of extraordinary difficulties, the Graf Zeppelin recently completed two Mediterranean cruises, each last- ing over eighty hours Both, of thesewere without other incident than the magnificently smooth per- forniance of the ship and the rigor- ous following of schedule -and route. ,. The many passengers on both cruises were enthusiastic over the op- portunities the air' Bruise offered. for 'sight-seeing.' and were loud in their praise' of the convenience of this anode of travel The traneatlantic voyages and the two Mediterranean cruises comprise the firstlong com- mercial journeys made by a rigid air- ship and they are- excellent evidence of its practicability ,both as a means of travel and as a commercial enter= prise. It .was in 1900 that Count Zeppelin built his first airship. • Although the ship was presently wrecked due to motor: failure, the principles incor- porated in its design were those that stiti form the basis of dirigible con- struction, 'By 198, Count Zeppelin had: built five ships, and had won re- cognition for the inherent soundness of his ideas, France, Italy, and Great Britain Vegan 'experimenting -with.lighter:than- air ships, though the larger 'expansion was act to oomo until the World War, By 1912, the Zeppelin' produced at Friodriebehafen had reached the point of development where. they Contain- ed comfortable passenger quarters. They were used for regular passenger transportation within "Germany - a service which was continued and was expanded on several, routes until the late summer of 1914, when all Zen- pelius wore commandeered for mill- tar'y -purposes. From the beginning of the war, the works at Frledrichsltafeii were, go- ing day and night at full force; and toward the end of the war, using the full resources of the enormous works, the Germans were able to complete a 'Zeppelin every six mein. At the ,cessation of hostilities in 1918, the Zeppelin •Company, had manufactured •one hundredand sixteen ,airships Since the memorable first one prod - faced in 1900, In, the meantime, tate British and French had mate serious efforts to reproduce Zeppelins, The R-34 was the outgrowth of British development In dirigibleconstruction, and as such was the first airship• to cross the At- lantib, flying in 1919 front Pulham, England, to Mitchell Field, Long Is- land—a distance of 4,700 miles—in seventy-five hours. Activities at Friedrichshafen were resumed for the construction of the 'ZR -3, afterward the Los Angeles, 'which was turned over to the United Sates Government as payment of re- parations. This craft, neon its com- pletion in 1924, was the one -hundred - and -seventeenth to be built at the 'Zeppelin works. It was flown across the Atlantic and delivered to the Uni- ted States Navy at Lakehurst, New ,Jersey, after having made a flight Of '5,100 miles in eighty-one hours. At the time of this writing, while the Graf Zeppelin, the highest reline - pent of German dirigible ingenuity, 'le cruising over the Mediterranean, 'Great Britain is building two enor- mous airships of the Zeppelin type— :each of 5,000,000 cubic feet capacity —and the United States is building two more aircraft of the same typo eaoh of 6,500,000 feet capacity, al - •most twice the size of the Grat Zep- 'putn. The new British ships will have ac- coinmndatlons for a hundred pas- sengers, and will be both stronger and faster than the R-34. Instead of 'being, shaped' like a lead pencil, as the, earlier eines were, they will be •sbortr and fattr—shaped more near 1y like a cigar. These neW American ships will be inflated- with helium, which is a non- Inflamnuable, natural gas, Helium is superior from the point of view of •safety to the hydrogen gas used by -Great Britain and other cations, but It requires a somewhat greater volume to lift a given weight • then floes 'hydrogen gas.' For that reason' the 'American ships of 6,500,000 pubic feet •capacity will have approximately the same lift aft the British 5,000,000- .3111)1c -feet- capacity ships, 4 feature peculiar to helium shipe Is a ballast .device ou the motors worked out by the United States Navy, A problem that has vexed 'dirigible pilots since the inception of 0hds type of aircraft Is the fact that 'Zeppelins in flight grow continuously lighter with the consumption of gaso- line and oil by the motors, The :Los Angeles, 'on its delivery flight to the 'United .States in 1924, ,Wee twenty-two tons, lighter when it land. ed at Lakohurst than when 1t lett Friedrichehafeh. In order to compensate for some of this decreased weight, some; of the lifting power had to be discharged during 'flight, However, this pro- ceduro would involve a serious: 4141 eulty for the >American 'ships, in view;, of the fact that helium gas is - c'on- si'derably more expensive and la ,a na- tural, product that cannot be manu- factured on demand. The consequence is that American naval engineers have ',developed a water;recovery device 'which receives the gasoline fumes (mixed with 'mois- ture from the atmosphere) and 'con- denses thorn, fusing the • resultant Water as ballast. Since water has a higher specific gravity than gasp line, and is' therefore heavier than the gasoline which itreplaces in the, airship's fuel tanks,; ,this is an ex- tremely practical method of stabiliz- ing' the ship without loss of any of the precious' helium gas. The new 'American,ehips will also be stronger and safer than any that have yet been built. It has been the practice 'to •build a single longi- tudinal rib -from end to end, along', the keelof the ship. Into this keel rib is ::alit the control car, thefuel tanks, and the crew's, quarters. Its entire. length becomee, the 300 -foot gangway from the nose to the stern of the ahip, ' The new American ships will have not one, but three such backbones, one at the keel and two others, each' Partly up its Aides, so rigidly 'con-, nected as to:forin a triple backbone,' The power oars will be actually built into the new American aircraft, so that the whole will retain an accur- ate streamline shape. • It has been generally conceded that, size ship equivalent. la s ze to the two British and two' American craft now in the process of construction le re- quired for a commercially •foastble unit for regular service. The present conetruotion hangar at Friedrlchshafen will, have to. be superseded by a much larger one if such' a ship is to be built there, and since the German Government, in the recent formulation of its budget, has practically cancelled the appropria- tion.and subsidy intended for the Zep- petin works, this may be. delayed for some time.—From the June Living Ace. Op , Dreaming Among Its .'•: wings, Toledo, O: Opis, known in Baby- lonian literature for 1000 years and an important city of business and art built upon the forgotten rulns of ancient Akehak, Is to be visited again this summer by, Leroy Waterman, professor of Semlttos at the Univer- sity of Michigan, who,- with his aides, will direct the third annual expedi- tion jointly fostered by the Toledo Museum of Art and the university. On the previous journey rich finds rewarded the explorers. The work- men dug. into the home of a gentle- man and among its 20 rooms found bis aka. There were 400 tablets there and further investigation un- covered more than 4000 documents. There was evidence that his library had been burned in a great Lire, but sittce the, writings wore traced on brick, Professor Waterman explains that the flames only blackened 'them and in a way helped to preserve them. Evidence that the same site was later the city et Ctesiphan of Grecian origin, and still later Salon- kia, the capital of a province, given to one of his generals by Alexander the Great;. has also been uncovered at this point. In fact, the leaders 'feel they have found indications of Ive Hellenistic cities above the Baby- lonian and Sumerian cultures. Location of the site was the re- sult of years of study by Professor Waterman. Through literature he had traced end retraced the ebb and flow of commerce, art, and arms, the effect of geographical and climatic changes, and when he arrived on the spot to do some digging he found conclusive proof that he had Located the ancient cities he sought. The area of exploration comprises 860 acres in the far-off valley of the Tigris and Euphrates, giving testi- mony,of seven great cities piled one on top 01 another through more than 5000 y'eare, Skepticism This faith which I repudiate I saw disproved by common griet, Saw fearless doubt annihilate The citadel Of my belief. So I proclaim with my last breath Quaint heresies, sebnrely won: I am incredulous of Death, I do not trust Oblivion! -Ruth Forbes Eliot in the Century, Enlarge. Prince Albert Park The area of the new Prince Albert national park, in northern Saskatch- ewan, has been increased from 1,377 to 1,863 square miles.- This park , was officially open on August 10, 923, by the Rt. Hon Mackenzie Icing,"Pre- anier of Canada. ..- ui i nt View of the "Old Swimfating 'Ole" in Russia 'YOUNG RUSSIA COOLING OFF AFTER THE DAY'S LABOR IN THE FIELDS• Using rakes, scythes and pitchforks on which to hang their' clothes, young Russians are here seen making the most of a refreshing plunge.. The € odern - Housewife By Hildegarde Kneeland In most masculine eyes—and even in some feminine—the average house- wife today is a Cinderella in modern dress. The magic wand of the Indus- trial' Revolution is supposed to have transformed her from a 'household drudge into 'a lady of leisure. On every hand the' opinion is heard that .she has ceased to be a "producer," that insofar as she still has •a job, it is that of director of consumption. According to this view. another wave or two of the wand will imperil her very existence. Her early dem- ise as an occupational type seemsin- evitable. Ia the long run life prediction as to the housewife's fate will probably prove correct. For her fairy god- mother seems to have no intention of ceasing to lighten her burdens. Every year, every month, sees a fur- ther increase in the use ,ofready cooked food, ready-made clothing, ready -washed laundry, oven ready - trained chiltlren—and this despite our almost violent prejudice for the home product, But we appear to have overestimat- ed the speed at which the'transform- ation has been taking place. We have been so absorbed in watching the changes in the home that our ideas as to what has already happen- ed have gotten somewhat ahead of the event; we gaze into the future and think we are viewing the present. In the days of our great-grand- children the housewife may be as ex- tinct as the dodo. But at the pro - sent time some 26,000,000 hale and hearty followers of the trade might arise and announce in the words of Mark Twain, "Tice reports of my death have been, greatly exaggerat- ed." With the help of the extension and research staffs of several colleges, we have induced more than 2,000 homemalcers to keep careful daily re- cords of how they spent their time for seven days of a tyPlcal week. Most of these records came from Middle-class homes—front farm and village women with whom the college extension pervice is in touch, and In smaller numbers from club -women in towns and eines, The results so far tabulated are surprietng to those of us ,who by temperament belong to the historical, eyes -on -the -future school. Five -sixths of those home -makers spent over 42 hours a week in their homemaking, more than half spent, over 48 hours, and one-third spent over 56 hours. The average for all is slightly over 51 hours a week. If this be part-time work, what, one may ask, would be full-time? No standard has yet been set for reasonable working week for the homemaker, But probably we should aA agree that more than eight hours a day for seven days of the week would exceed a reasonable figure, and that less than the 42 -hour week of the white collar worker would be unduly low. If we 'take this range of 42 to 56 hours as roughly marking the limits of what might be considere da full- time job in homemaking, exactly half of the homemakers in the study will be found within this class, while one- third will be classed as over-worked and only the remaining sixth_, as un- derworked. Judged by this group of housewiv- es, homemaking is still for the maj • ooity.4 full-time job, and too much work is still a more frequent problem than too little. When we turn to the farm records, and• include in our figures the time spent in the eare of 'poultry acid milk, in gardening and in other farm work which falls to tine homemaker's lot as "naturally" - as does her ,parttime . jobs fades to a negligible figure, . and the extent of overwork takes on .serious proportions. - The •average time spent in all work py the 950 farmwomen whose records bate so farbeen tab- ulated is over 62 hours a week—al- Most 9 hours a day every day of the week. The similarity of the urban and rural records holds even in the die tribution of the total time among the various household tasks. The city homemakers,. to be sure, spent a few hours more during the weep in care of children 'and purchasing, and a few hours less in cooking and dishwash- ing. But this smaller amount of time spent in the kitchen is mainly due to the larger number of meals oaten a- way from home by members of the city routine tasks the figures aro al- most lmost identical—about 71/4 hours a week, on the average, for cleaning, 51/4 for laundering, 1/ for mending and 41/4 for sewing. But the conclusion seems justified that even in the large cities the over- worked housewife has'byno means passed into history; in fact she may still outnumber .tho housewife with too much leisure. 'How can we account for -thio situa- tion? In view of the transfer from the home of the spinning' and weaving and sowing the butchering, baking and candlestick -malting of our great- grandmother's day, in view of the de- creasein the size of the family and of the smaller and more convenient. houses in which wo now live, why is it that so many homemalfors are still overworked? A partial answer is undoubtedly to' be found in the regrettable fact that clic .great were evengrandmothers e more overworked. Even more important, perhaps, is the fact that a larger share' of the work of the home was formerly done by other members of the household. Not only' were there more families' employing hired help, but more had. grandmothers, . unmarried sisters, unmarried daughters 'living and 'Work- ing in the home. Much of the gain which the Indust- rial Revolution has so far brought has gone into 'reducing tate work of the household to a one -worker job. A sixth of the homemakers• Included, in the bureau study received no help whatever, either from paid workers or from members of the family. And on the average they received from all sources only 10 hours a week of help. Only abouts per cent of the ploy paid workers, and there is little reason to expect that this number will greatly increase in the future, Whatever may have been true of our . great-grandmother's day, this much is certain: the primary problem of a large proportion of homemakers is still how to cut down their hours of work to a reasonable number. But how about those homemakers who do not have enough work? Even today there are several millions of them, and we may confidently expect their ranks to increase. What solution can be found for their problem of too much leisure?• The answer is usually made, "a job outside of the honor" But those who make this suggestion are clearly not among the 2,000,000 marled women who aro trying it, The greatU majority of jobs avail- able are full-tlme jobs, and the home- maker: usually finis that where she had 100 much leisure when she did only her household work, she has too Real Cherry Blossoms JAPANESE MERMAIDS IN INTERNATIONAL MEET These Japanese girls are'the first of their race to go aboard for interna- tional competition. They- will represent Nippon in the 'swimming meet at as their friendship deepens and grows Honolulu this summer. cid," lithe when she doee that and ttuotited EC. 0 it➢�a Carrier job in' addition- The concluSion seems inevitable, them that the time spent by married SWEDISH TEA 1tIb 1 women in house -keeping Hurst bo re- duced—not only for those who aro over-worked, but redgced as .well for many others 'to :a leisure -job which can be done by the homemaker out side of regular hours, From the Jane Survey Graphic Norurnbega Tower Norse Site Capt, ,John Smith called New Eng- land Norumbgga when he gave an account of itis travels thither to Charles I. 'But it, was Prof. Eben N. 'Horsford, Rumford professor of chemistry ` ' at I•Iarvard University, who in 1889 .,wilt Norumbega Tower. near the Waltham -Weston boundary, line to mark what he believed was the Site era Norse settlement dating back 'to the year 1000.: The settle- ment, it 'will be recalled, is spoken of in the Saga of Eric the Red. It is probably true that, itt those early days; the explorers of the North American coast on the east• gave the name "Norumbega" 'to various sites, as well 'aa to a river, and to a mytht- eal Indian' city. Li 1539 the name was applied to the whole coast from Cape Breton • to Florida. Mercator's map, published in 1541, locates an "Anorumbega" neer the Hudson Bivor. The origin Of tate word liar been. attributed' 10 many 'languages; as an Indian word meaning "still waters," and a'Spanish word meaning "fields and as 'a Norse word, taken from "Nonage" meaning' Norway. Professor Horsford was not only a professor of chemistry, he was a dis- coverer; he put a new face on the Christian mie9ionary achievement by revealing the once unknown Chris- tian continent of faith ad thought. In Wellesley College, . where he taught, he devoted one room to a col- leotion of literature, from the peo- •pies that had no literature, that is to say, until Christianity came. He made 'a collection of languages re- duced to . writing, of alphabets made, of grammars and dictionaries printed and, from • the translated Bible, the nucleus of literature; all this was In addition to his work as an antiquarian in historical and geographical fields. Professor Horsford did not believe that the French or English. discover- ers in the fifteenth, sixteenth and even the seventeenth centuries were responsible 'for the evidences of oe- cupaney in New England before the Pilgrims, but that they went back direct to the Norsemen. The sagas tell that 'mainly in Vineland the Norse explorers conduoted,thelr mer- cantile Interests. Their trade was in furs, fish, masur wood and agricul- tural products. This barter prob- ably extended over a period of 350 Years, from 1000 uatlt the last Norse ship 'put back to Iceland, perhaps about 1347. - Norumbega Tower was raised -be- cause Professor Horsford believed It - was very near by that Leif Ericson built his ltotne and the amphitheater on the borders of the Charles River. Certainly the site, four miles above tide water ou ttte river, 'bears out to some degree Professor I-Iorsford's contention that here was the center of Norse trading activities in New England. Dean Inge Rhymes Value Of Women's Short Skirts In Bit of Verse He Extolls Benefits of Sunlight London—The Value of sunlight on the human frame has been proclaim- ed ,by Dean Inge of St. Paul's Cath- edral with the following bit of verse which he recited at the opening meet- ing oe the Sunlight League: "Half an inch shorter, half an inch shorter, Same skirts for mother and daughter, When the wind blows, Everything shows, Both what should and what didn't onghter." He praised the woman's revolt from the extensive covering they indulged in forty or • fifty years ago, saying that the movement 01 th Sunlight League was carrying on further the salutory effects of milady's discard of heavy clothes, . • "However we have to beware cif ad- mitting pranks and freaks," be said, "There 3s a certain sect on the Con- tinent ontinent and particularly in Germany which believes ire walking about nude, In Germany it is possible to 800 bands et young enthusiasts - of both sexes going about Without clothes- There is nothing objectionable iu that, But clothes aro a matter of convention, and it is necessary to hold at arms' length certain unwholesome people." ASACRED PLACE "The place where two friends first met is sacred to them all through their friendship, ail the more sacred S'1MATrER POP 71- OW CAN T A'B3US r -A 6R11 LEAK WI'r4 11 -4A -r 'RA•eKE.-f 'Gotta( 0I-1 '44aoo,u,on ,iiiiuriaiiP, --ger 13EA-rs ALL 014 (' NEw '"j- .io-1S1,MlSJ V ?CI -pp: our I ' ((,// �LErT ME,T-14 Ii i-( V. r i4781VE. IT!. 1MKtE T444 -rt fl 41brie bit Two, cups ' milk, 14 cup .butter, h yeast sake, 1 tsp.' salt, 1/e cup sugar,' 8 lk cups flour, 3 eggs, Scald the milk and cool: to lulce warns, ,Add the yeast, salt, sugar and butter, which has been softened but not. melted. Add half of the flour: and beat in the eggs. When all • has been mixed thoroughly, add sufficient flour to make a stiff dough. Knead for short time and place in a howl to rise. When risen to double' rte hulk, roll into a rectangular shape from 4 to 1/4 -inch thick, brush.withl butter, Sprinkle with sugar and cin- namon and a few raisins or chopped huts. Roll like a jelly roll and place the- two ends together on a cookie sheet so asto form a ring. Fasten the ends thoroughly together, It is easier to cut a piece from eaeh end before oining. Then with a seissc ee' cut through the edge of the ring nearly to the centre and slightly at a slant, -;'Make the cuts about. 1 inch apart and 'turn the cut slices over so as to show the layers of dough, Brush with milk, dredge with sugar and bake, for about half an hour. MACARONI MOUSSE. One cup macaroni broken in 2 -inch pieces, 1 ?/e cups scalding milk, 1 cup soft bread crumbs, i/4 cup melted but- ter, 1 pimento (chopped), 1 tablespoon chopped parsley, 1 tablespoon chopped onion, 1 4 cups 'grated American .. cheese, s/s teapsoon salt, 1/4 teaspoon'' pepper, dash paprika, 3 eggs. Cook the macaroni in boiling salted water', drain.' Pour the scalding milk over the bread crumbs, add the butMw, pi- mento, parsley, onion, grated cheese and seasonings, Then add the well - beaten eggs. Pour the macaroni into a thickly -buttered loaf pan and pour the milk and cheese mixture over tt. Bake about 60' minutes, oruntil the loaf is firm, in a slow oven. Serve with mushroom sauce, 114 cups milk, 1,¢ sup Liquor_ drained from mushrooms, 1 tablespoon butter, 4 tablespoons flour,' 31, teaspoon salt, ?/a teaspoon pepper, dash of 'paprika, 3fi cup chopped mush; rooms. 3/fake a sauce of the butter,' flour and seasonings, and the milk and mushroom liquor- When thick add' mushrooms, Blazes Trail For Apr -M ll "' orate' Huge Plane Lands. at Edmon ton on Winnipeg -Van- couver Flight• Edmonton, (C.P.)—Pride of the Western Canada ' Airways fleet and the second largest machine In Canada, the mammoth super -Fokker Universal airplane, piloted by W. 14 Briutell, with Premier Bracken, of Manitoba as the principle guest, made a fine laud- ing at the municipal flying field • late Wednesday. on its . Winnipeg -to -Van- couver flight. The 900 mile hop from Wlnnlpeg to Regina and thea Edmon- ton was completed in nine hours and -30 minutes, despite a head wind en- countered on the first leg of the journey. The plane will be flown through to the Pacific Coast lu the Interests of the proposed air mail routes in West- ern Canada. On. this trail -blazing trip through the west, those aboard included Ne- rvier rontier Bracken, Major A. M. Narraway, director of aerial service at Ottawa; Donald Cameron, president of the Winnipeg Board of Trade, and Mr. Banta, who is operating manager for the Western Canada Airways. Questioned in regard to the air mail, Mr. Brinteli said he had no in- formation as to when It would go into placing of night beacons and laying out of emergency landing fields every 30 miles on the Prairie route was a huge engineering task, and would nat- • orally take some time for this to be properly organized. Six airplanes will be operated on the Prairie service, while there will be one or more for spare or reserve pur- poses, said Mr. Brintell. There would bo three routes, one running from Winnipeg to Regina, another 11 -sol Regina to Saskatoon, North Battle ford and Edmonton, while the other would be front Regina to Moose Jaw, Calgary and Banff. Holidays Pitoobe Fauwicic Gaye In the Lou- don Morning Post: Change should be the key -note of our leisure days, and what we need is not only change of• air, but change of mind. We cannot expect to recapture the careless blies of childhood if we take away with ua, along with our bag and baggage, a disgruntled and yeary point of view, There are people so weary that they • take perpetual holidays, and suffer groat liners to carry round the world those bodies whose brains aro too blase to do active work themselves, The Seven Wonders cannot awe such people; They, pause, murmur "How pretty" yawn a little, and pass on. Perch: Who won the nail driving contest at the picnic? Base: Why the hammer -'load shark of course) csa.Fbs etaoi etaoi etaoi .et etaottaei Mbsqutto (to fly) : Wolf, hero we ate again, `Let's hope we go through the summer without getting slapped oil caught.