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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1929-02-21, Page 6Dictator • King Ainanuilah h1 Contrast -to King Alexander Surrenders Supl'enie Power While the Other Takes it At a Political Crisis A BRITISH VIEW "The problem of government is not gssted muchambition and little dis- Z1 l efim `ung !British Get Truth Abdicates His Throne ' Of Island M rciers to devise an ideal system, but to work out a system which will give good' re- sults in the and for theo „people of a parisalar country. Mod- ernism o -ernism and centralization will ,not do $or fanatical clans." , -,_. The. Daily Telegraph. "The exlierience of many kings and y,a^inces of Asia may at least console hiin in his retirement. His own grand- father, Abdurrahinau, ate the bread of exile for eleven weary years before he returned to rule Afghanistan with a rod of iron:' —Tire Times, I; lug AmanuIlalt.of Afghanistan has" abdicated, and his elder brother, who was the heir to the Throne ten years 'ago and was supplanted, now.succoeds td' the Throne. Whether he will prove as. good a King as Ainanullah remains to bo seen, but our prophesy some weeks ago that the ex -King would -learn that the way of the refermer is hatd•is -justified by events. "1.11s pilgrimage to' Europe was a Jan toes `edveu.turo, which proved' his undoing," says the Morning Post,. And iri a_: leader goes back to the Old Testament ' for its,' illustration• of this' modorny,haiipeuing. "The "Afghans are the strongest duel most fanatical of lliohemmedang;. ,and the unveiling.; al Queen Souriya on hoard ship was the beginning of .series -of changes` every one of which was felt' to be eau . outrage to-' their faith. • An Old Testament 'Comparison - "11 our readers would realize tri, sort of, conflict which followed , let them read those chapters in the First Book of Rings wbicli relate the con ilia between homing Ahab and Queen 3ozzebet on the one side and Elijah and his brothel -prophets on the other.' "The Mullahs' aro a great power; in Afghanistan: When: they o1pesed the I:ing'a commands he put , certain of, them t, death, but could not break art f., one e far- more. powerful 'than hie own; "And Ahab saki to.,Lrlijah, Bast thou '.fcmtd me, 0 mine enemy? And he answered, I have,found thee; because thou hast sold thyself to work evil 10 .the sight of the Lord, • "That, we may be certain, is how the Mullahs regarded. Amanulialt's at- tempts to introduce European cloth- ing, the education'and unveiling of women, and all the other departures franc the customs df their faith. "I wad a Ifopsless crusade from the first, and has come to itea Inevitable end. Amanullah has so bitterly u& fended national feeling in Afghanistan that after a sharp: fight he has found the only course open to him ire throw :himself upon the mercy of the brother ' whose Throne be • had usurped. So ends—an amazing story. As to rite future, we can only say that Xnaya- ' tullalt is the rightful Xiang, and is said to follow the Polley of his father. Xf he does so, he is assured of the friendship of this country." "The ex-Kiitg's error," asserts the Tines, "teams to Rave lain not in his -zeal for reform but' in his concentra- tion of effort on non-osseutial but an- noying changes:, above all in his re- fute] to recognize that he , ltad. not acquired the prestige of the Turkish Dictator whore' he imitated, and that bis country did not reprothtce the cos ditions that enabled Ghazi Mostafa Kemal to impose, his reforms upon a •sturdy but highly, disciplined people. Seeds Will Surety Germinate • "Yot, whatever his Mistakes, what- ever his miscalculations, he is en- titled to a large measure of sympathy from the Western world which he paid "-the compliment'of imitation. Ile has failed; but he has failed in what every European who believes in the value of our civilization holds to be' a good Gauge: ,Nor is his failure yet assured,' He has sown seeds among the young generation of Afghans that. will surely germinate. "He has insisted on the value oC education and 0f organization, and on the necessity of teaming more from the West than the • use of machine- , gnu's and magazine rifles, and of sup- pretsing:that widespread financial cor r'uption which has been the- canker, at ea many Asiatic monarchies. "Hie innovating seal doubtless aroused the indignation of many oC 'his suhjeets—more especially when it was manifested ie. attempts to im- prove the status and to modify the traditional dress of , women=but all its coneequenees will hardly disap- tiear, He may leave Afghanistan: for ever, but, if the Mulahs have seen the last OE trim, they may not have seen the lest of his reforms," The. Daily Telegraph sums up the policy which has led' to King AnlanuI- lair's overthrow. After alluding to the. King's journey to Europe it states:— "Op rite return- of the King and Queen an endeavor was merle to put these' ideas :into practice.. The: Sling hiuiselt announced that. he would be this. o}vn'Prime Minister, that libraries •" ard: factories would be established, and girls and boys between 6 and 11 years of age fu Kabul -bompitsoriiy educated together.., "Had this been all, all -might .yet have been well, but he went' contrary many of thecherislsedsocialand rellgibriefeelings note his subjects by, putting a ban on°polygaffiy, by insist-' lagarm, Duropean clothing, by tieolar- jeg -that r thenaoitammedan Sunday Was no Ionger a•lolday, by forbid-: ding the wearing• of the, .fez and by abolishing the purdah and the. veil for women,' Popular digtOntout at length broke forth' `in' civil iv'ar, -lis whieh• Amanullah's'troops suffered defeat." T -lis error;'' says the Evening sone regulations <.of, modern. South St n'',ard the error which brought ; Africa:.. , Tho ''memory4 of Ding- . a' ::t his downfall, prbbdbty consist- inn's Day is at tike hack of the white c b ":vsng hnnrclf to be the man ;mans mind; the native is a man of i or't th .l task. He evidently First har, , war, nee: a• hewer oC wood: arid; um. His whole career has pug- drawer of eater, and nothing more, thtr,Rayal Air rater"; eretion aitd the intemperate haste 1 o with which he 'promulgated his re- forms was very far from statesman "Kemal Pasha -'stood in a wholly dif- ferent relation to his people. The Turks had passed through a century of continual loss and disgrace, cul- minating in a disaster which made then feel that they were on the brink of destruction. Then there arose a national hero who saved them and whom they were inclined in: cense quence devotedly to obey: "Ile on his side saw that lits pros tige offered an opportunity for tate troduction of Western customs which. might never reeuri and talit if it was to bo done at all it must be done ettuickly. King Amanullah'had earned no such reverence from the Afghans. Amanultah failed in a work of states - mensal? because he was not a great statesman, ' "His adventure may postpone the Westernizatiqu of Afghanistan, but it it highly -unlikely that it will for ever avert. There, may be . much to be said against our civilization, and our own eagee :Frequently refer to the wisdom of peoples which remain in. their primitive condition, • "Nevertheless,in the Iong nun, taw peoples of the earth decline the ma - aerial advantages of civilization.,, A' Dangerous•Factor. "Despite his •present adversity" says the Star, "the exKing''is clearly not withoutsupport in his own coun- try, or he could not have gone as far as he did... Nor can it be expected that even this •sharp 'lesson 'will rob -so alert and enterprising' a man of his Ambitions.-• That is the most danger- ous factor so far as we are concerned. Our main interest is a strong and In- dependent Afghanistan,' but for some time at least the future in bound to be uncertain with so active a peter. tial Pretender hovering about its un- easy borders." Condernris Mbring by Grain Agents Royal Commission Hears Complaints of North Portal Producer Estevan, Sask.—Claiming that dm - petition for the m;t•ei,num profit by mixing by m•11 agents is a source that deprives the grain prodecers of a fair price level, Frank Danek, of North Portal, in testifying recently before the .Saskatchewan Bevel Grain Com- mission, asserted that a car of grain should 1st be stopped tet its journey from the point of loiding until un. Mated at the lake torinitais. • He was supported in his views by resolutions frees fermate of the Rock Preeee dis- triei. The witness claimed that the ship- per per began to get the worst of it from she'moment he hauled his grain to the country elevator or the loading plat- form. in the latter case he probably had to<spendseveral dollars .coopering the ear at his disposal before it could hold grain, he said, and in the former' this car as subject to being opened' at any time the train stopped by some trill agent who wanted to get a sample for diversion. The farmer lost, he said, beeause the prices quoted at Liverpool "on this degraded stag" from the mix- ing houses was the bdsis on which the roan on the farm is paid for his grain. Tlie farmers at this point, the wit- ness said, wanted this manipulation of grain at the mixing houses stopped by law. lie advocated moving the in- spection depart -nett from Winnipeg to the lake head and permitting no grad - ng other than a preliminary at point Of shipment until the unloading sample is taken at the ternunals. A. resolution •presehted'to •the Com- mission suggested that at least one farmer should hold a position on every harbor board in the Dominion ths'ough which Canadian wheat was moved. The resolution also 'urged that a Govern- ment elevator be placed al New West minster, B.C. The old War Wheat Board received. a 'tribute' by resolution presented through Frank Durick, for the local United Farmeeis of Garada Branch. They suggested that the Government ye -establish the Board, The Govern- ment was runming a railroad' system for the country, he pointed mat. Why not let the country run the grain iu- dustry, sines they did so swell during the war, Dingaan's Day Rev, George Walker in the London Daily .Telegraph: (December 16, 1928, Dingaan's Day, the great national fee- tival of South Africa, commemorated defeatof the great Zulu chieftain by a Boar force under Adries Pretorius at Blood River.) The key •to the -under- standing of the attitude of the average South African• to the inescapable na- tive question. is tite ,recognition; that South Africa, aliart, from the south- western corner, ie still, frontier, :with frontier ideals and fears, Essentially, 'though there may be many 'solutions" as there are incdiVtduals, there is one detormi.nieg tactor in tlie• approach— J9igaan's'shadovrse-malns in the back- ground. The story of the Ameri- can frontier is r ated. The Zulu has not . yet, aegs. ,d the romantic color "of the redskin, and the areas of Zulu and Matebelo is less adapted to effective. display upon the stage. Yet they are at least' as brave, and probably- were a more disciplined and dangerous' foe, The Western farmer of yesterday would have s,00ii the rea- son' for 'many of the apparently irk - Investigator Finds 1927 Trag- edies in 'Solomons Had No Real Revolution- ary Basis REVENGE A MOTIVE Nearly .two years ..ago reports carie from the Solomon' Islands`; in the Pa- cific, of a revolt among the natives in which members of the island con- stabulary had , been slain at Guadal- canal and 'Malaita; ,it was Periodical- ly reported for several weeks. that the Millings were the, precursors of a gen- ral rising of the islanders. Later in- formation reyealed that, certain mem- hers of -Ord Kolokumaha tribe on the Island of Guadalcanal had, 'indeed, at Verakono, on February 14, 1917, slain threo', members of the armed con- stabulary, named Funansua, Gena and Veki, togetherwith a --boy ,najned Iiekipeta, who happened to be in their. company, and that nine tribesmen had been arrested and; tried for the crimes, of whom two were acquitted, one 1e- prived and six, purged, e A few weelcs previously. W. Be Bell, District Officer at Malaita, had been killed at Ifw:'aiamba by Sinarangoese,' who, in the fight which ;followed be tween the constabulary and the. na- tives, had also elain -K.- C,,,Lilies, a cadet in the Administrative Siervioe, and a clerk named Marcus, as well as twelve members of the native con- stabulary, Several of those concern ed in this affair were also dealt with Rumors of a coming general rising persisted in the newt reports to Los don, . Thle. British Secretary of 'State for the Colonies was. apparently much dieturbed, for in March, 1927 he -sent Out Lieut. -Col. Sir R. C. Moorhouse to make au investigation. His import, which was published' as a State paper on Jan. 5 of the present year, shows heti the -British Government searches out the. truth in such affairs, even in its most remote possessions, so that adequate Steps may be, taken before the expected calamity arrives. In these cases no.steps will be necessary, .for the Moorhouse report show8' that the Guadalcaual tragedy was inspired by two criminals, one of a former con- stable, without any idea of an ahris- iag, while the killing of Bell and his companions at Malaita had been brought about liy a native leader named Basiana for revenge because Bell had already prevented a revolt which Basiana and hfs friends. had planned, dilly Viti's Grievance In dealing with the Otiadalcanai case, the report says that in the course of the inquiry It became evident that two men, Tuatalcgmbo and Billy Viti, alias Talolia, were the chief 1'19UP:- tors of the murders. Tutakombo was known as the village bad man, while Billy Viti had been a good constable until he had been -tined $15 in 1920, when he, too, bad become a bad malt. Billy, it appears, had 110011 charged with having more wives than the law allowed, so he' was summoned before II'unanatja. Recame bringing his three wives, "to whom there is ample evidence to show that he was married according to native custom. It was pn the charge of having a third wife that he wan convicted and fined." Sir 12. C. Moorhouse declares on iu- formation and belief that he is con winced that the official runansua dtd not exercise sufficient Care as t0' whether the complaint was actually lodged by the first wife, as required by the law or was one svorisect up by the pollee, "possibly acting under a wrong interpretation of the lag." 'At any rate, smartipg under the humiliation of the fine, Billy Viti allied himself with the notorious Tuatakombo and became his friend. When this friend was arrested be planned the extinction of his enemy T'uuansua, "I am of the opinion," Says Sir H, C. Moorehouse, "that the murders were not due to any general hatred 01 government nseasures among the tribe concerned, leading to some act by which they endeavored to throw off this, to them, intolerable yoke, but to a combination of circumstances In which the personal element malaly , entered, The native tax had nothing; to do with these murders." The Malaita 'Murders Dealing with the Malaitin murders, Sir Id. 0. Moorhouse pays a high tribute to Mr. ;Boli, who "well-nigh achieved the impossible"' 'la District Officer , -and who gained the confidence of the natl"ea by his interest in their Keeping Maple Leaf to Fore CANADIAN STAR PAIR SHOWING AMERICA HOW TO SPOUT Percy Williams and Jimmy -Ball, the "Fastest human;' and one Of the best quarter?milers,- respectively, „ a a rs and hie ever-present; if some- times stern, sense of justice." • Basiana, who was the leader of the affair, was head of one of the Maus and a devil -devil man of considerable ineheice, Be had been for some time sacrificing rigs (the number has been put as high es seventy)- to find out if tate auguries were auspicious.' Sud- dealy his Chance came; the time for the annual payment of the tax was imminent, when, if thein was any re- sentment among the people against the government,• it would be at its keenest; 'Tae gods" were favorable; Mr. Beli would 'land as usual at the "tax house" and give the opportunity. A big meeting was held, at which the waverers "were brought only to heel by Basiana playing his trump card, the 'big swear' against which ap- parently no Malaita man could stand, It does not require muck imagination to picture Basiana-and the othet lead- ers pointing out that here was a unique opportunity, favored by 'the gods,' of getting rid once and for all of the government who had inter- fered with their playful habit of pro- miscuous murder, and arrested and hanged their people for what was Si their eyes justifiable homicide, who had substituteda paltry fine or short term of imprisonment for the death sentence for adultery, who were en- deavoring to clean up ; their villages and force their pigs into styes where they had to be fell, and who finally had ordered then to give up their 'Solders' (a generic temu•foe any form of old rifle.) Ia fairness to the ad- ministration,,it must be recorded that the calling fit of the 'Sniders' was' clone on Mr. Bell's own initiative and without the knowledge or consent of the Resident Commissioner - Waste in Australia New .Statesman (London): Exag- geration ,.of our natural resources leads to a careless and wasteful ex-, ploltation of them. The first settlers gave early examples of this reckless• noss; they succeeded in ruining the sealing grounds Off Tasmania In a few years of haphazard killing. The same sort of thing Inas gone on ever sine;' We mad ;ong about Dur boundless forest wealth—even the governments believed that we had 107,000,000 acres of forests, and look -1 ed on conttiaratively while greedy, un• Intelligent estptoiters laid them waste. 1 Now we know that Australia has only 24,500,000 acres of possible forest land that is, land which is More, profita),ile' for timber than for Tanning, Not until i we realized that we had been westing very Malted resources did we begin to .make reasonalae plane for their con- servation. I Of the mutual systems of guaran- teeingdeposits, bank opo ts, or[gtuaily oper- ative in eight States, all have broken clown except two 5r ritain is on Way� -to New- Prosperity Ss J. M Keynes Econolnst Who Finds Effici- ency Gain is Overhauling_ , . Setback Since. War London—John . Maynard Keynes, the distinguished British economist, at last sees daylight in the industrial sky. Iu his presidential address at the annual meeting 0f' the• Nattoiial Mutual Lite Assurance Society here, he: cites cautious i tions est mates which he believes show that the burdens im- posed on industries since the ,war are being slowly but surely wiped: out by increased efficiency of producttou, so that 11 is only a. matter of time,. he says, before Britain recovers com- pletely. "Between 1914 and 1924," he says, "the average real wages for a normal week of full employment rose by more than eight per cent. In the same period the weekly hours of work were reduced more than. 10 per cent. The result Is that employes were set the task, if they weer to maintain their pre-war position, 02 increasing their efficiency by nearly 20 per cent. The census of production in 1924 indicated an increase of efficiency to that date Just about sufficient to bal- ance tate shortened hours, but itwas not able to make in addition' any coutribution toward meeting the In- creased weekly wage. Thus alread3' is 1024 employers la those industries, where the increase of oflicieuoy had not been above the average, were mak- ing heavy weather, Between 1024 and 1028, money add wages remained practically un- changed, while return to tite gold standard at prewar parity had the effect of increasing real wages by a further 8 per cent. It follows 'that employers have been faced with the task of improving their efficiency by 10 per cent. as compared with 1924, before they could recover their pre- war position: Now it is not over- optimistic, I think, to suppose that efficiency is being Inereased at 134 per cent. per annum on an average la the whole field of industry, which, if It is the case, is a cousiderablo achievement. This means that to -day that eiffeteiicy has redutced the ad- verse lead from 10 per cent. to about 10 per cent." The Manchester' Guardian says: "One hardly expects optimism regard- ing the future of British industry from. J. M. Keynos,'but'we are not sure that this passage is not esSeutielly the most optimistic utterance that has re gently Callen from the lips of any of our economic. leaders." King Amanuliah of A fghauistan, is Just now being'forcefully reminded" of the fact that Olast-is Bast dad West is West, How the Airmen Came ,Through lr ahii children from the *Mai leafta'n .at palmi, A` l - nod b Australia ,Tr inng to Stop Waste. of Artesian Water 'Regliration - of Off -Take by Bores Is Regarded as Duty to Nation Adelaide, S. Australia,—The :future of Central 'Australia, both in respect of settlement n nd'productimi, depends largely o nthe supplies from tho great artesian basins, No reliance can be placed on the rainfall, which is alway8. scanty and treacherous, and a co'it, eidorable area of this isolated country' would probably be rendered uninhabft= able 1if•it Were not for nature' having built Tier.own reservoirs. The official geological experts of Australia are said to have• become alarmed at the extent of the 'diminution of the flow from the atteeienbasine, one of which is said to be the largest in the world. Tette .extend', according - to officially asegrtained data, ureter an area of from 350,000,: to 400,000 square miles, and is nota cavity in the earth:_the ;water is its sand, which' in some places is more than 2,00Q feet thick, and in parts 6,000 feet' b'elow the surface. At this great depth the supplies cannot be utilized, One company sank,a bore for nearly 6,000 feet,.when the easing jammed, and no smaller casings could be -used, .The operations cost about 620,000 and it had to be abandoned when the bore hadpenetrated within a few hundred feet of the water. Official' records show that the level of the water in the bores has been falling (rate one to two feet a year, so that the off -take through the bores from this enormous basin has become faster than the intake-a•tnost serious deyelopment ` which the Government, by•iegtsfative action is endeavoring to check. In future flowing bores will be controlledto avoid waste. It Is officially estimated that there aro about 5,000 bores in the Great Artesian Basins and New South Wales which taps the supplies in the higher levels, has recently reported an aver- age degrease of $ per cent. per annum. .Although South Australia, -.states. the Minister Controlling Water Supply, would be the last to suffer, as it draws from .the battens• ofthe basin, it is re- garded as a national duty, to regulate the supplies.: Both New'South Wales and Queens- land are controlling the of takes, and. now this state will exercise a watch- ful jurisdiction over the matter. Under South Australia there are. other arte- sian basins. In October a tomato grower at Port Pirie, an important shipping centre north of Adelaide, sank a bore and at 560 feet secured a flow of 1,000 gallons an hour of ex- cellent quality. This is an important development, for the tomato -growing industry in the Port Pirie district is one of done dimensions. Thero is another large basin in the Murray Valley whence supplies are furnished for the extinct craters in the Mount Gambier district. The Blue Lake there is famous all over the world for its singularly picturesque setting, and rich coloring. Geologists explain that after the artesian basin had been formed in the Murray Valley volcanoes bley up through it at Mount Gambier. Ono result .of the phenom- enon was the creation of the Blue LaIce, which is supposed to be bottom- Iess. orld Census f A ;ricultl re q o earnng Start Seventy -Four Nations Join in Plan to Help Adjust Sup- ply and Demand Itotne.—The world agricultural,gen- sus initiated by the International In- stitute of Agriculture in Route to cor- relate world-wide figures on the supply and demand for farm products is well on the way toward achievement. The impetus given it by the League of Nations' World Economic Confer- ence of 1927, the careful preparations for it and favorable reception by the governments give good groutds for anticipating its success, The object of the census, which is planned for 1930, is tp provide for the correction of annual agricultural sta- tisties.and to give a complete picture of the agricultural resources of each country. As ft will be carried out in every country at the same tine and as far as possible on a•uniform system, it will form a practically complete inventory of the agricultural resources of the whole world and insure, for the future at least, ,that- agricultural statistics in the different countries shall be com- parable.. ` The proposal for a world agricultur- al census attracted the attention of the International Education Board (Rocke- feller Foundation) which undertook to make a grant of $10,000 per Annum for the five years 1925-29. - A special bureau charged with this particular work was created at the institute in 1925, and Leon 182. Esta - brook, of the United States Depart- ment of Apiculture, appointed direc- tor. So far 74 nations have deflni>ely accepted the scheme 'of the census and Belgium,.France, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherland. and Portugal have undertaken to 'apply it to their col- onies.,`` When the census has been taken the essential function of the institute will be to study the international produc- tion of food and raw materials and to correlate the information at: that the world may have an increased knowl- edge of supplies available from dun - tries which have a surplus and the probable demand from countries where the output is sufficient. No matter Trow long . It rains, the famous Taj Mahal mausoleum in .In - die leaks three drops of water, never. more nor less. Adele ago years nd one: has been able to explant ho -w the architect arranged for the ahenome- nnng which was intended as his'own unique memorial, Sunday School Lesson February 24. Lesson VIiI—Chrlstiai Growth -John 1: 46.42; Matt. 16: 15.13; John 21: 15-19; 2 Peter 3: 18a. Golden Text—But grow in grace,; and. In the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. -2 Peter 3: 18a. ANALYSIS I. THE FIRST STAGES, John 1: 40-42. I1. THE GREAT CONFESSION, Matt. 16: 15-18. M. RECOVERY AFTER FAILURE, John 21: 15-19. IV. SECRET<Qr GROWTH, 2 Peter 8: 18a, INTRO0ucTiON-These. four passages are connected with the" experience of the Apostle Peter, and we are asked to study how this great man illustrates the way in which a diseiple,may grow stronger and'braver, and how he may even recover from his past failures, if he will only put himself under the in- - fluence, of the grace of Christ, All Christian, life should be a progress in. ffaith and love. We Inc to become per feet as our Father in heaven is per- eet., I. THE FIRST STAGES, John 1: '40-42 V. 40. The early disciples .01 Jesus had been diseipies• 01.3 .din the Baptist and were prepared :by their. early ac ceptance of this lesser light to recog- nize the fuller gloryof Cmist, who is the light of the wale.- V. oarld -V. 41, Andrew is so eaptiyatid by his interview with Jesus tnatin great oy he hastens•off to tell the, gored news • to .his brother. • V, 42. Jesus reads the character of the new disciple, • and makes a pro phecy concerning him, Ire feretells how this man wno was naturally in-. clined to, be impulsive and emotional .. 'would gradually win strength and courage and become one of Inc great foundation -stones of the, Christian church. It is. With characters such, as • Peter's, with many a weakness and faii.ing,•that Jesus is still able to work, that they, too, become strong and wise and bold. IL THE GREAT CONFESS:Qtr, Mitt. 16: 15-18. •. V. 15. This • confession of Jesus at Caesarea -Philippi is a great turning point in the ' -ming of the disciples. Jesus had long been preparing teem for this revelae-cn; and new unuer'the shadow of thz great Lebanon Moun- tains he puts rl:_s question as to their opinion about hir.eelf. V. 16. Simon anewers this quection partlybocarme h;. Ions the most prom- nent in the groap, and partly because of his impetuous nature. However, his reply :was meant to Le for the others also. They had often talked about the nature of their beloved Master, and often wondered whether he really was the promised Messiah. There were so many outward ,condi- None rendering it difficult for them to recognize in Jesus tht long -looked -for Saviour of Israel; but now their doubts vanish, and Peter, with a bold venture of faith, makes this noble con- fession. V. 17, Jesus is greatly proved by the. reply and sees in it that the divine spirit has been working with his dis- ciples.. This knowledge did not come by mere personal observation, but through the direct agency of God. V: 18. The promise made: to Peter is 'N meant for all. The rock is not the in- , dividbal Peter, but the confession which lie made, The church is to con- sist of all those who believe that Jesus is the Christ—the Lord. In this senses Peter was, the first Christian. The church is to have the right of making judgment and passing Iaws. The keys represent authority, and 0Cent to refer to the moral and doctrinal truths whieh were to be established during the following centuries. The pates of Hades mean that the church svill.nevor pass iota the regions of the tread, but it will go on growing and expanding, till it includes all the world. This prophecy is being wonderfully fulfilled. III. RECOVER 15-19-Y AI 1ER rAILERE, .'oltn 21: V. 15. This passage may be regard- ed as the reinstating of Peter in his apostolic office. Ile had been called to be one of the Ttvelve, but in a fatal moment he had proved unworthy and had denied his Lord. TMs is the inci- dent to which Jesus now alludes; for the thrice repeated question, "Loved thou me?" refers to the threefold de- nial and the boast in Matt. 26: 33. it Seeing strange that Jesus should thus open up the old sore, but he does it with the object of ,restoring Peter to the old rants, V.-16. In each of these verses Jesus bids Peter feed the sheep or the lambs, which apparently means that the fallen disciple is restored to the pas- teral office, and that he is to take up again the work out of which ho thought he had been expelled by his fall. l"rem this we infer the, mere is no failure in 'the past which may prevent a disciple of Jesus from re- turning to the fold, if he has real love for. his Master. Love covers up sin. V. 18. Jesus now draws aside the veil concealing the future and shows how troubled are to be the closing scenes of Peter's .life, The tradition le that.Peter was put to death by crucifixion during the persecution of Nero; and with his head downward, for . he said he was unworthy to be crucified, hi the same way as Jesus. This was probably about the year A.D. lif64, when he was already past middle e.' V. 19. The condition of safety in such trying circumstances is now r given, He must follow Christ, and all will bo well, From this incident we gather that, as there is no failure of the past the need keep back a disciple fromdoing the will of Christ so also there is no dread of any darfe future that need alarm the person who is Willing to follow Jesus. IV. SECRET of GROWTH, 2 Peter 3: 18a. V. 18. We naturally think as we reed this verse of ,the narrative of the early life of Jesus. W thitlk of the ivay in which he grew in wisdom and fever. The two qualities which are chosen in the epistle for special men- tion aro those df which we read much, in tho New Testament, The first is grace, which has at )east three shades of meaning (1) Tho charm and attrac- tion of the words, actions and char- acter of Jesus. (2) The quality of love in God -which urges him to forgive thi." 5lilner and save him front death. - This is saving 'grace, (3) There is also sustaining grace of which we have a - fine example in 2 Cor, 12: 8. The sec- ond quality in which 'the Christian. • must increase is the lcnewled'w of Christ. . • President' of the National` ,Maisie Teachers.' 'Association says the radio is 'killing jazz. The main trouble, horemainsecs'.over, is thea, it Isn't removing the