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The Clinton News Record, 1930-04-24, Page 6Will Soviet Rule 'Last? By Capt. J. De V, Lotter' Capt.Leder, who sat for Bast Lei- with economic reconstruction it thinga. were made 'easier tor foreign capital but if the party,heediivarters say "No," thetas an end to the matter. To resist means- lose' of office; ea one after the other nearly all the original revolutionary leaders have found to. their cost. A strong man in the Gov- ernment tends to endanger the purity of the party's policy, and 'so, as the well-known figures, Trotsky, Kamen- eff, Lunacharsky'and the rest disap- pear from the, stage, they are replaced bymen whose primary qualification is that they are safe. Moreover, when. someone ;loses his "official position, he also loses his position in the party, which thus tend sore and more to get into the hands of people whose claim to preferment is orthodoxy rather titan Administrative ability. • Value of Personality The party's greatest danger seems to ire in the lose of the older genera- tion of Bolshevists, who were single. minded and had a wide experisuce of the world, and the advont'of careerists and pesants. "A rapid decline in the strength of the present •regimemight `well come from weak .leadership. Illverythtng depends on the character of the actual head of affairs, 'who is at present Stalin, the secretary-gener- al of the central .committee of the party, and Stalin is an able .man. It remains to be seen What dii$culties he has created for the future by get- ting rid of outstanding personalities who might be hie competitors.—Mont- real Standard. caster as a Conservative From1924 to 1929, has recentlyreturned from a tom of observation in Russia, I am often asked whether Bolshe- vism will last. Obviously there is no direct answer to such a question, but it sets. one considering a variety of Possibilities and trying to arrange them in order of probability. I hope, however, that no one, will think,I am trying to set as a prophet,. It by "Will Bolshevism Last?" •Yoh mean "Will the system of government based on Communist principles ever - become ° permanently verbecome"permanently established in Russia?" I would say that it seems to me highly improbable. I cannot: be- lieve that the putting into practice of the Communist system will not in- volve 'such n-volve'such concesatbus to human na- ture and the logic of events that, how- ever plausibly these may be reeve-, `rented as consistent with the theory, the result will be quite -different from what Marx or anyone else .imagined. I` think Lenin,appreciated .this. Pu- ture'develepments depend a great deal on how far the same realism is shared by his successors. Ten Years in Power On the other hand, if you mean "Will there be a• spontaneous uprising of the mass' of the people driven to despair by Bolshevist tyranny?" I be- lieve that this is equally unlikely. A repetition of 1917 seems to me almost inconceivable, except as a result of widespread famine or unsucc`ossful war. A revolt of peasants, industrial disorders, mutiny in the Army or bt0vy,'wouid not by themselves be suf- ficient to set the country ablaze; they would be local, sporadic affairs. The difficulties of organizing an effective opposition to the party now in power are almost insuperable. It 1a conceiv- able onceit/able that some form of religious move- ment might sweep the ,country, but the time for this is hardly yet. If, therefore, by "Will Bolshevism Last?" you mean "Will the. Communist party remain In power for at least the next ten years?" the answer is that very probably this nil be sq, it only because , in normal circumstances, no otherorganized body capable of tak Ing its place is likely to arise within this space et time. Bat this does not • necessarily imply that there will be no changes of policy, or that internal 000- 111c18 will not arise. On the contrary, divergence of opinion within the party about the proper measures to meet practical emergencies may be expect- ed to increase rather than- diminish. Up till now, when there have been serious disputes about policy, the pro- cedure has been tor the victorious sec- tion to "cleanse" the party by turning out pts' recalcitrant opponents, Some day this may bring an organized op- position into existence, but it would, at first at any rate, only lead to oue sort of Communist opposing another sort, and would not involve opposition to „Communism itself, Rube Sy a party So far the party has succeeded in maintaining its integrity. In form its controversies turn largely upon inter! pretatious •of orthodoxy. AU sides support their surae with quotations from ,Lenin, and to the uninitiated it is often very difficult to discover the. point at issue. There is something in the published discussion strangely re- miniscent of the proceedings of the, Councils of the early Christian Church. Once a point of dogma has been set- tled, you must either conform or be expelled as a heretic. In reality these controversies have arisen out of prac- tical consideration of method, and per- haps still more out of tate conflict of personalities. The supremayy of the party is still unsltakeu. It is difficult for us to realize to what an extent Russia is ruled by a party and not by a Government. Whatever party is in power in England takes on a national complexion. While it is, in office e. British Government Is rale, hasty independent of the cancnsof the party to which it belongs. In Rue stli the party organization is the only real power. Stalin, who is a virtual dictator as General Secretary of the Central.Comntittee of the Party, is not a member o fthe Government at aIi, The policy of the party becomes the policyof the Government, because the bodies Which elect the Council of Peo- ple's Commissars (the Cabinet) are dominated by the party. It is for this reason that to the outside world no difference can. be 'discerned between the activities of the Government, the • part:', and the Third International (which is' also dominated by the Rus- sian Communistic Party). Internal Difficulties Internally, there is very- often any- thing but harmony. The ,two chief of, . Adel newspapers,. Izvestia, the organ of the Government, and Pravda, the organ •of the party,. do not by any means always' sing the same tune. There Is a possible line of cleavage here. The Government has to deal with actual situations,' It has to ad• minister a country, the vast bulkof which is non-Communist, and to main - fain relations with'otbier countries all hostile to Communism. It works with a stair of offloials and technicians vary few of whom are Communists. The Government has a natural, in- oltnation to compromise, but at -,pre sent it is dominated Eby the party. The busbnese atf the party.headquartere is ;to see that compronitee goes no fur- ther that is absolutely necessary to prevent a brealcdoitnat home and to obtain ;economic • essentials from abroad.' .This most be a galling ,post. ;cion for h Minister; however keen a pawl -moist he, nay.bo,' because It ln- yotves a degree • of supprvisiou that must be afrnost irttoleralibe, and makes lite temure..of office most Precarious. • Orthodoxy vs, Ability It seems to be the deliberate policy 51 the party to make.. the Government a tore "facade." it may be quite. true that the foreign Commissariat,,,anxt. mus to malutain friendly relation with Foreign Powers. deplores the activi- ties of Co,nnumist propagandists abroad tom nor 'is. Trade Commissar- . tat may think it would get on faster Pigeon Crosses On Mauretania As Stowaway Earns Keep by Acting as Weather Prophet Which Leads to His Capture A red'checkered pigeon stowed away In a ventilator of the Cunard liner Mauretania at Alexandria, Egypt, and made a voyage of thousands of miles, despite all efforts to drive the sea- going bird ashore, according to harry Hull, the ship's donkey engineer, who exhibited the bird when the Liner docked recently. Hull said the bird displayed the abil- ity of an albatross at following the ship and furthermore, proved to be an excellent barometer during the stormy passage across the Atlantic, Just be- fore each spell of bad weather, the pigeon, which sometimes disported with sea gulls, would seek its shelter- ed perch an the engiuo.room venti- lator. Frightened Away at Alexandria. Hull noticed the bird iu the venti- lator as the ship prepared to leave Alexandria and chased it away. Ho was so surprised when he noticed the Same bird in the same spot when the liner reached Villefrancbe that he called. William Pott, an engine room trimmer who was "always tooling around with some bird or animal, any- way. When Pott learned that the bird bad been aboard at both ports he said that they had batter call him "Joey," Pott, learning of Joey's value as a barometer, gradually bonnie acquaint- ed with the bird and saved serape from his diener to feed him. He said the stowaway became quite tame, and when he imitated a pigeon's call Joey would coo back at him from the shad- ows in the ventilator. But an extra heavy storm struck the ship and Pott was ordered to close the ventilator, Captured During Storm "Don't de that, Pott," sat Hull. "The bird's in there," Hardly able to stand against the gate, Pott clutched the ventilator and cooed softly into the darkness, Joey answered and, expecting hie usual sup- per of bread crumbs, fluttered to bite opening, Pott made a grab, and the stowaway became a prisoner. Thereafter Joey lived below, and Hull says that they will keep him as long as he wauts to stay. Pott feels that way, too. Fairly Old Trees and Turtles Found in New Mexico 40,000,000 Years Old New Haven, Conn,—Discovery of perhaps the largest and oldest of all petrified hardwood forests was made known here by Prof: George R. Wie. -land of Yale University, who perform- ed' field work in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico the last two summers. There he gathered specimens of hardwoods, petrified eycads, pelmet- tos, clumps of tree fern roots, the more usual pines, together with some bones of turtles and dinosaurs, all of which lived about 40,000,000 years ago, according to the professor. In the period known as the Mese- verde division of"tits upper Cretaceous time, the great interior "Pierre Sea" stretched from the region of the pre- sent Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean,• and the present San 'Juan basin region constituted a great fiat country of swamps and boyous. "Thesefossils from the "Mosaverde' of the San Juan basin of extraordin- ary variety make possible one of these rare opportuuittes when wo can bring to light a landscape of bygone times," Professor Wieland said: ''The leveed - gotten. 01 the new material is well un- der way." Prof, Samuel , J Record of the school of forestry has Verified the de- termination of e-termination-of several of the species. of hardwoods which are of "remark- able preservation as seen in thin sac- hems under; the microscope. Kittle Circumstances Little opera tickets, Little supper ate, Make the: young mien's tailor Wait and wait and wait,' Lord-Salisburyt Imperialist and Great P.',enfist Ile��xrnarkablo Labor Tribute to Last. ,of Queen Victoria's Prime :Ministers Proud of Four Lord Mayor Ancestors There were many tributes to the late Lord Salisbury on the occasion of the centenary of his birth but the most unexpected in cordialityappeared in the "Daily Herald." Mr. Wall. Ewer, writing in the Labor daily, says:— "Robert Cecil, Third Marquis of Sal- isbury, last of .Queen Victoria's Prime Miuieters, was, as every schoolboy knows, a Tory and an Imperialist. Did he not lead the Tory Party for twenty years? Was'he not Premier during the high years of Imperial expansion, the years , which added millions of ammo miles to the Empire,' which cul- minateed in the Imperial Jamboree of 1897, and in the Boer War of two' years later? ".A. Tory was Robert Cecil, and an Imperialist; nor would he have re - Tooted either label, Yet he was a curi- ous Tory, and even sore curious lin- perjalist. Ile wore both his Toryism and his Imperialism with a difference. "Certainly, the man who fought dog- gediy every conceivable Liberal mea- sure, who threw up his seat in tite Cabinet when Disraeli plumped for re- form, was a Tory, But in his very first election address he dwelt en need for `the amelioration of the condition of the laboring classes'; and that was no fashionable slogan among the Tories of 1857., An Aristcorat "An aristocrat; but an aristocrat who was prouder of Iris four Lord Mayor ancestors than of his own an- cient lineage; ucientlineage; an aristocrat who hated all the trappings of rank; who loathed 'Society.; who uttered at home such Jacobin sentiments that Ms devoted family called him 'Citizen Salisbury.' "A queer enough Tory, But an even queerer Materialist. Au imperialist who could never be brought to see what good it did England or anybody to bring new obscure territories and 'African villages witk,unprououneabie names' under the Union Jack. He had the squire's view of Borland. The new Capitalism and its lust for markets and raw materials was a thing alien t0 his thoughts. He distruated it; and loathed the Jingoism that went with it, Hatred of Jingoism Perhaps that hatred of Jingoism was the deepest thing in the man, His scornful denunciation of Pahnerston's bullying of small nations was at the beginning of his career; his scathing rebuke of those who 'believe It is our duty to take everything we can, to fight every dispute; was at the end. There is muck of the same sort be- tween. "Ile fought the lousy which led us Into the Crimean War. He first op- posed Disraeli's Eastern policy, then used all his influence to restrain his chief and to prevent the disaster of a second Russian war. And In the later period; when he was Premier as well as foreign Secretary, ho worked single windedly to keep peace with all the Powers at almost any price, "It was no easy task. These were the days of the scramble for territory all over the world. Claims everywhere met counter -claims; enornron9' areas were hotly disputed; collisions and angry clashes occurred with perilous frequency, "Ile settled with Germany by ceding Heligoland. He acknowledged the French claim to most of. North-West Africa—and told angry critics that it was 'mostly what agriculturists call "light land" --the Sahara desert.' Armenian Atrocities "They wanted to push him into war over the Armenian atrocities, He re- torted that the horrors of a European war would be still greater. They,cali ed hire a coward. 'There is nothing easier,' was his reply, 'than to be brave with other people's blood, If Her Majesty's Government had, in the course or a war, to sacrifice all their own fortunes and then to go into the field to be shot, you would fairly say that it was a brave aid generous ac- tion for them to undertake such a war. But these duties would fall on other Popple' "Siam, China, Bast`Africa, the Niger, the Sudan. Everywhere in those Years he kept the peace by concession and compromise. There were narrow escapes . . . . With Russia ' over Port Arthur. Positeda was an even. narrower squeak; so was the Kruger telegram. But—tlte.,peace was kept; and Salisbury coirtemlituously ignored the insults. . To Keep the Peace • "To keep the peace' was one of hos aims. To avoid 'entangling alliances,' which might drag England into an European war was another. He Would dealwith Germany, witit France, with Russia, with, anybody, But he firmly refused every offer (and they were many) of an alliance. "A Tory and an Imperialist. But a right historical judgment will assess him rather 'as a great pacifist, who was not afraid to make sacrifices and to face obloquy -for the sake of peace." 1' A Prayer -From a Little Room Here is a quiet room; Pause for a tittle space, And #n the stillness cool, With hands before thy face, Pray for God's grace, Let no unholy thought Enter- thy musing mind; Things' that the world has wrought Unclean, untrue, unkind, aa Leave them behind, a, :•s Pray 'forr the strength of goal ' Strength t- await Elie 'plan. . Rise from the knees lose oiled Than when ,thy prayer began, More 01- a man, A Friend to be; Proud of MUCH WISDOM MUST f3E IN •HIS HEAD Mrs. I•L S. Lloyd's cocker epaulet Luctsstar of Ware, champion of show at Crates, will be entered in city and suburban canine show at Crystal Palace, London, England, Man -Made Colony For Germany Germans Plan to Drain North Sea for Vast New Land, British Hear, London.—A gigantic scheme to drain a large 'part of the North Sea, Yornuer- by gom$tinies called the Gorman Ocean, Is being evolved by German engineers, accerding to unconfirmed reports received here. It the plan becomes a reality east- ern England would lone miles of its seacoast. But with a great part of the North sea drained; a vast new land would come into being with rich min- eral wealth to keep a population of over 20,000,000, The German experts, according to the reports, are considering building two giant dams. One would stretch from Hunstanton, Norfolk, near Saud- riugham, the King's country residence, to the upper coast of Denmark, and the other around Kent, across the English Cbannel and along the Bel- gian and Dutch coasts to the neigh- borhood of Scheveningen, the Dutch, seaside resort next to The Hague. Dover and Calais would be connect ed by giant bridges, thus making a Channel tunnel unnecessary, Norfolk and Essex would lose their seaboards. Between the dams' would be a new land—mora than 100,000 equate miles in area --possessing amazing mineral Wealth and possibly rich oil fields, British experts almost unanimously view the scheme as impracticable. Ona described it 05 "a wildcat scheme." Tidal conditions appear to be the chief obstacle, $315,000,000 Invested in Ontario Hydro Toronto.—In a review or,. the activi- ties of the Ontario Hydro-Eleetrie Power Commission, C. A. Magrath, chairman, states that the co-operative municipal undertaking administered by the Commission has experienced "a most satisfactory degree of pros- perity," The peak load in firm con- tracts la the final mouth of 1909 fiscal year reached 1,119,000 horsepower, an increase of 153,000 horsepower over that month in 1028. New customers served by the Commission an 1920 in- cluded four towns, 13 villages, and 33 townships, making the total of the partner municipalities 003, Domestics consumption of 21 kilo- watt home per mouth in 1914 in. creased to 115 kilowatt home in 1928, Indicates the enhanced ability of the citizens to purchase a greater degree of comfort. During the year the tenth unit was installed in the Queenstown power house, bgingiug that power gen- erating etatlon to 500,000 horsepower, of Ontario was reported recently, After many months of negotiations an agreement has now been reached itis understood, whereby Bruce coun- ty is brought within the Hydro fold. The price involved in the purchase of the Foshay interests is said to be more than $500,000, While the terms of the agreement have not been announced, it is under - steed to be a complete clean-up of the power situation in the Bruce penia- stula, Mass Lloyd George Delights Commons In M. iden Speech Loudon,—Miss Megan Lloyd George. delighted the House of Commons re- cently with her maiden speech 1n Par, liament, which was delivered before a crowded gathering. Ramsay MapDon-. ald, Prime Minister, whose son Mal- colm also made a successful debut as parliamentary speaker in the same de- bate, was in his seat as leader of the House. Mise Lloyd George occupied a prominent place on the Liberal benches. Below her sat David Lloyd George, with paternal anxiety .written large upon hie face, to be succeeded by a confident smile - as his daughter got hold of her audience, OA her left was her brother, Maj. Gwilym Lloyd George, member of Parliament: for Pembroke. In the ladies' gilllery above were her mother, Dame Mar. garet Lloyd. George, and -her sister, Lady Carey Svann. Miss Lloyd George spoke confident- ly onfidently and clearly, with modesty and sim- plicity. Her topic was the slum clear. ance bill Introduced by Labor, which the Liberals support. She told of her own experiences in her constituency of Angelsey, where are hovels where "you needn't look through the window to see the stars or go outside to get web" She welcomed the bill as a "bold and enterprising measure" and congratulated the Government upon launching a crusade against the slums, "And I hope," she added, "that it will achieve its goal mono speedily than another crusade is likely to do"—a sally at the Conservatives and their empire tariff crusade, which the Libor - abs disapprove, wlticit put everybody, including hdrr,father, at their ease for the rest of the speech, which was punctuated with laughter as well as applause. Malcolm Macbonaid's debut was also successful upon a graver note, He also supported tiro slum clearance bill and the Prime Minister's eye softened as the speaker developed hie thence with facility in au Oxford voice contrasting with the MacDonald bur that so often thrilled the House of Commons. Tiro bill, he was, was the key that would open better houses for those who needed them the most. Ontario Hydro Buys Foshay Power Plants Bruce County Now in Pro- vincial Company's Fold Walkerton, Ont. Acquisition of the Foshay Interests in Bruce County by the Hydro -Electric Power Commission the greatest single station in the world; 240 miles of additional power trausmtssion line were built. On these and other constructhral activi- ties the Commission invested a fur- ther $10,000,000. The total invest- ments nvestments of the Commission are now $315,000,000. During 1029 the Commission built 1,150 rupee of transmission lines In rural dietr•i:ote to serve 6,270 custom- ere. The total number of rural con- sumers 11017 exceeds 37,000. Tile forthcoming annual report will, it is believed, show reserves aggregating approximately $88,000,000. Pigmies placed on the shoulders of giants see more than the giants thorn- selves,—Robert Burton 1$ You, are sefiniabtng -;a pot. lea. Boar cabs, found by ranger in Maier National Park, are seem here n a member, floors ahouidnot be lighter in trope, with their guardtwat•,whehopeta to And .Elie utotaeg groin wit* tiler color than the watts`.: - 1 gr•.obabl- eacapesr' -sae' Ramsay Macbonald The Reason for the Premier's Action—The 1.1–P, Frankly States, '.`It Will Have to 'Cross Sword's With its Ofd Colleague." "in view of what is going on, it was impossible forme to, keep up my as• sociation. The I.L.P. has lost both its grip on Socialism ,and its sense: of the meaning of 'co/made.' If the salt has lost its savour, It is henceforth good for nothing;' -Mr. Ramsay MacDon- Leaves Labor Party Mr. Ramsay MacDonabd:has discon- tinued his membership of the Inde- pendent -Labour Party,. He has writ- ten ritten to the Hampstead branch stating that he will not continue his subscrip- tions. •This ends a relationship with the LL.P. which began in 1894. There are those who think that the future of the LL.P. is involved. "The LL.P, is definitely challenging the Front Bench; leadership in the House of °ominous," comments the Times.' "A second question Cannot be ignored .If the LL,P. has ;•autlLlb- jectfonable characteristics that it is impossible for the Parliamentary lead- er of the greater Labour Party to con- tinue any longer iris association with it, Is the M.P. a fit and proper or- ganization to belongto the Labour Party Mr. MacDonald's aocusatiori is scathing - salt without savour; good for nothing; uneomradely; and without ..a .grip on Socialism. The logical consequence of Ur. MacDon- ald's reeignation is the exclusion of the I.L.P. /rem the secession of all whose .loyalty to the Labour Pairty comes first. Tie bane between com- prehensiveness and schism may cause heartburning, but it cannot be evad- ed," Will Others Follow? "The wonder is that he should have deemed it worth while to retain for so long even a nominal membership," nye Um Birmingham Post. "Old as- sociations supply, ono supposes, the explanation—or Iet us say gratitude towards the organization through which he personally climbed into pro- minence, combined with anxiety not to display too openly the reality of a grave split within the Labour move. rant. "It will be interesting to see which —Lf any—among his Ministerial as. aociates see fit to follow his example. For the hL.P. Is strongly represented in the Government. Lord Ponsonby is a member; so are Mr. William Graham, Mr. Lausbury, Mr, Wedg- wood Bonn, Miss Boudtield and Sir Oswald Mosley. And for each and all of them he Primo Minister has accentuated an awkward problem of divided loyalties," Mr, Ernest Hunter, writing in the New Leader, the organ of the LL,P., asserts; "The fact Is that the whole concep- tion of the `SocialismIn Our Time' pro- gramme is alien to Ramsay MacDon- aId's mind and mood, It is stupid to say that he has changed. Few public men in this Country have over a long period of time preserved a more con emu body of priucipie au has the present Prime Minister, "His view of politics as a biologa cal process in which by a series of gradual trausformetions and.adapta- tions, society -neves oh step ,by step, stage by stage, to a more perfect form Is in sharp antttiteets to the present I L,P. view. All his tradition, transfuse and thought was bound sooner oaf later to lead him to' take' his preseug step. 81_. Nothing Gained by Useless Repining "Nothing would be gained by.us6-4 less repinings. With-nt fuss or de .I monstration the Premter has •deetdad• to make a clean break. A11 the can do to to pt T glad tribute to the Work he did to build up this party, and to tura to the work of today and to -morrow, The, past is behind. Only rise future matters, ('But i1 will not be easy for the I.L.P., to escape from the shadow of this man's personality. He was not an -easy man to live with. He is not: • likely to change. But he remains, and is likely to remain, the unchallenged' leader of the Labour Party. Within that party toe LL.P, will have to fight, as it has always done, for its own point of view. "In the day to day battle of ideas it will have to cross swords with its old odlleague, but ,that It wilt do so with a vivid remembrance of the old days of intimate comradeship will be the deep"st' wish of sal to whom the triumph of the common cause.is the compelling motive." "In the old`days before the Socialist movement captured the Trade Unions, the LLP, was the driving force," as- serts the Scotsman, "and practically everything else in the Socialist cause. It was never numerically strong, but it made up by ceaseless energy and unremitting propaganda for its lack et numbers. With the permeation of the Trade Unions, however, tit- Influence of the I.L.P. weakened, the balance of power paesiug into the hands of,tbo Unions, "The formation of local Socialist • parties was another blow to its la- lbuenco, Until then practically the only way to enter the Socialist move - meat, if one was not a Trade Union- ist, nianist, was through the I.L.P. "But with the institution of loeset Socialist parties a now path to mem- bership of the Socialist movement wee opened up, of which Increasing ad- vantage dvantage had been taken, Thus, in spit of the vast growth of the Social- ist party, the I.L.P. has remained a numerically weak body, with a mem bership that numbers only a few thousands, "Snarl, however, as the member- ship of the LL.P, is, there. is no like- lihood of It submitting to extinction to suit the wishes or convenience of the oflietal Socialist Ieaders," "Since the Labour party became not merely a nationlli federation of trade unions and .Socialist societies but a political party with roots and orgaut- zatIon in every constituency," points out the Manchester Guardian, "the place of the LL.P. as the ono Socialist society with. e, network of con- stituency branch( has become almost superfl 'I1 has not been content merely to act as a missionary body—as which it might have survived — but has as- sumed the right to lay down a pro- gramme and to press It against the majority opinion in the national party to which nominally it owes al- legiance and loyalty, The leaders of the LL,P. have chosen to follow Mr. Maxton rather than Mn MacDonald. Tire Labour movement is not tolerant, of splits, and the more indepeddent: the LL,P, becomes the more, prob. ably, will its membership decline." Sever .:1 Cars To Family Has Become Habit All Adult Members of House- hold Find Personal Use of Auto is a Necessity Call for Vehicles Gains It used to be, not so long ago, quite an event 11 the family owned a car. Ono automobile seemed sufficient to take care otits needs, and usually only one member of the family could drive, that member being the father of the household. Those were the -days when women were accepted with humor and patience if titer express. ed a desire to drive, and with exag- gerated annoyance should there be any trouble or delay in progress through traffic when women were driv- ing. Car Needs Increase Gradually a change cams Pour ov five years ago the idea evolved that the average family could use two ears to good advantage ,a town car .and a country ear; or a closed body model and the open touring; or a big Yam- fly car and a smaller runabout. Two cars to a fatally began to be consid- ered the thing. Te -day, with lower prices and more exacting demands on life, a one -family car won't do, The modern American family is arriving at a point where every member needs a car to lit in with his or her own particular pur- pose, In cases where only one mem- ber makes exclusive use of the car, 'witeu"ite le away on business or other. wise, the rest of the folks find them- selves at a loss: When one has em loved the advantages and pleasures of en automobile it- 1s as hard to live without one as to forego waren and running water in the modern home. So then we and the family arriving at a stage—in city life, but particul- arly in rural communities—where it is ossentiat that " mother as well as well as father own & ear, and the children and the grown-up sons and daughters have theirs. Women Drivers Lauded Tt w55 d.i Way matter for women to learn to manipulate a car, They are known to be as careful in dr ving and as qubel ;thinking; in an ems geney gy most men perhaps they are more so, for they have had to overcome the prejudtoe against their automotive b activity', Women, as well as 'mon, have 0O100to appreciate tike many ad - Teams 114:owning an automobile to use at will, and in having a ear for children to use without interference With the parents' own partboular pur- poses. The duties and obligations of mod- ern women in which they can make excellent use of a car aro countiese. To enumerate a few, we find her us- ing the car in fulfilling Imolai engage- ments, to visiting friends and rela- tives, In driving to town during the day. She finds distance no barrier In the matter of looking for better rpiees or better material when shop- ping. She entertains guests with it, she tours the countryside and enjoys the out-of-doors; she can also relieve friend husband of matters that he might be too busy to attend to, ar feet indisposed to bother with. The . automobile pias become so much a part of the everyday Iiia of women that they are finding is impossible to dis- pease with this vehicle, In the case of children, it might be a question of taking them to school; in many eases enabling them to at- tend better institutions, which they otherwise would not be able to do; such schools being too far from home or too hard to get to with other trans- portation facilities, The young adult daughter in city or country finds manifold uses for the. automobile, as does her grown broth- eaIn keeping engagements, in driving to town or to school, to the shops, to the theatre, in getting to week -end parties, in entertaining guests, in per- orming errands and enjoying them- selves in general. Not having to bother with train siedules or the' crowded subways is s. cause for ela- tion that well warrants an automobile. Of course, it is not advocated that children operate automobiles. But boysr•% and girls sixteen yeaof age and over in most states can enure a jun- ior operator's license and in the mate drive carefully, Those eighteen years of age and over are really adults and are usually perfectly com- petent as operators of an automobile. They have needs for using cars which, as long as they are legitimate, should be recognized and some provision should be made for meeting sack needs. Auto is Part of Life To sell a car to every member or to several members of a family would have been quite a preposterous idea a few years ago. It 15 not s0 strange a, matter to -day. When the family visits the automobile show or views tate cars displayed in automobile eliinnanz le or the Wind0F'1 asuckConcerns, the salesinen well know that mother is considering a car that will e of most use to her, and son and daughter are malting their pick, even though father might decide' (to hire - s011 only) that one family car will do.