HomeMy WebLinkAboutClinton News Record, 1944-11-02, Page 6FAME 6
THE CL%NTON;' NE'VS*RECOR^D
Why Dp Farms Become`
Less Productive?
Physicist s D'
i
sto L s
'•t nd of or t
y i;
na F e a
Disco er
(Eaper^imental F.arfi News)
Whyare ma fermis, eco becoming ars
ny b mug le
hung
use on posts along our great r]v-
ek ers to ;the 9,000,000 candlepower
erg ens ig fibeam
The United States lig hthouse sera:.
g
ice idpeacetinie.'operates 33,000 nav-
igational:aids ranging from lanterns
Productive? The answer is been
of a? feverish' effort, to' find a. qui
Method of reaehing the rainbow
ca production, says H.-F.'M i
crop P y U "1vi
Superintendent, Dominion Expen
mental Station, Harrow, Ont. Th
can only result in the depletion
the life in the soil unless some of
farming practices in• •Southwest
Ontario are changed.. The only sol
tion is the ;;proper replacement
, adequate supplies of active organ
clatter to put new life- into.the. so
and improve, its physical condition.
More' power equipment is in n
now, than ever before with the resod
'that more land can be ploughed each
year ari`'d the land that is ploughed
snare thoroughly worked in an effo
to produce larger eropn. More coni
mereial •fertilizer is being used than
ever before in an effort to ntimulate
plant growth. Disease resistant var-
ieties as well as improved and larger
yielding varieties of all crops are
being grown. Al] of these methods
are being employed and yet the yields
of crops in general are no large
than they were twenty-five year
ago, It must then -be assumed tha
the many improvements have sim!pl
supplied new means further to, de-
plete the productivity of the soils.
beam of a modern
]nlighthouse.
With our entrance into the war,
n' the lighthouse ,service came under;.
'i- the direction of the United States.
is coast guard and the jurasdiction'of
of the United' States: navy.
Thepeacetime o Aeration of a light -
he
P gh.
house was made possible by a 19th`
ern 'century ' physicist , who' 'discovered
a- ...that lenses and prisms could be• so
of arranged and manipulated that they
it would collect and concentrate'even
11, - a feeble, flame and multiply it into a
tremendous bean' of many candle -
se Typical of what his discovery
made possible is the $20,000 lens of
the Navesink (N. J.) lighthouse
where a modest 2,400 candlepower
is ,lamp is magically multiplied into
rt '9,000,000 candlepower, a light that
probes easily through 22 miles of
darkness. •
This light ,revolves in a pot of lu-
bricating mercury, six times a min-
ute. It sends beams in two direc-
tions at once, giving two flashes to
a revolution. It flashes at the same
spot every five seconds, thus giving.
ships near Sandy Hook vital direc-
tional information,
r
t Clean Powder Puffs to
Prevent Germ Collection
In all of this advancement farmer
have .neglected to preserve the life o
the soil. Experiments conducted- o
the Dominion Exp.erirental Station
at Harrow and Delhi clearly demon
strata that adequate supplies of or
genic matter must be regularly and
frequently added to the soil to main-
tain its productivity. There is evi-
dence to show that the active organic
matter content of • the soil relay be
raised by properly incorporating al
.plant refuse with the soil along with
a nitrogen fertilizer where necessary
to hasten decomposition, by plough-
ing under crops of legumes, and by
incorporating the available barnyard
Manure with the soil.
The specialized crop farmers in
Southwestern Ontario have taken
the lead in building soil organic mat-
ter because such action has ,been
necessary at an earlier date on the
lighter textured soils. Many details,
must still -be worked out but the fact
remains that we can improve, our
soils by changing same of our present
farm practices.
f on the dressing table as well as for
ii the pad in the compact.
s Both puffs and pads can be used
and reused if given proper washings,
so that the small supply on hand
now can be kept in service for many
months, Puffs that have a filling of
surgical cotton, as most of the velour
puffs do, can be washed most
easily if the stitching is loosened
for about an inch and the cotton
is removed and thrown away. Shake
Every woman knows that a clean
powder puff is the only kind she
ought to use. A soiled one can be a
germ carrier. That goes for the puff
I've Got One Good Eye Left
Under the shadow of ,the solemn
Peace Tower on Parliament Hill, a 23
year odd veteran of this war appeared
before the microphone ready to sig-
nal the launching of a new warship
at Lauzon, Quebec.
Before a huge crowd, gathered to
take part in the inspiring opening
ceremony for the Seventh Victory
Loan Campaign, he was being briefly
questioned -by the Master of C'ere-
mmonies about his record overseas. He
was Lieutenant Erskine Grant Tra-
vers of Summerside, Prince Edward
Island.
"And you, were. wounded?" said
the Master of Ceremonies,
"Yes" replied Travers• modestly,
and then added, quickly with a note o£
thankfulness' in hi& voice, "but I've
got one good eye left and that's
better than none,"
There` were many in that crowd on
Parliament Hill. whose throats were
tightened by a sudden realization of
the tremendous significance which
lay behind the simple words of this
repatriated soldier. And; this state
trent remains significant as the
Seventh Victory Loan Campaign jiro-
ceeds,
An eye cannot be replaced, Money
can. If Canadians are imbued with
the same spirit -as their repatriated
rince Edward Islander has displayed
nd people in all provinces can -be
hankful that they' have a great deal,
ore money, left than is necessary
or the minimumsuccess of the
eventh: Victory Loan Campaign,
ere will again be a • huge over-sirb-
ription.
Farm' Transport
Farmers using their own trucks to
'ansport their farm goods to nia:ket
re exempt from the 35 -mile licit 00
oad travel, states Wartime Price:,
nd Trade Board. A recent'statenieni
lam the Transit Controller warned
Pmmercial truckers that the 35 -mile
mit must be observed during the
111 movement of produce to marltet.
v --
out as much loose powder as pos-
sible, then soak the velour cover in
lukewarm suds. If face cream or
foundation cream has made the cover
greasy, fairly warm suds and light
rubbing will be necessary to dif-
soive the smudges. When the puffs
are thoroughly clean, rinse in clear
lukewarm water. Pat out the excess
moisture on a soft cloth and dry out.
The velour texture can be restored
to a Large extent by gently fingering
the fabric after it is dry. Refill the
puff with a little wad of cotton, sew•
up the opening and the puff is ready.
The soft felt -like pads used in com-
pacts can be washed without any
special trouble. Simply soak in suds
after flipping out as much powder
as possible, dunk up and down until
clean, and then rinse dry.
Oil From Tomato Seeds
A source of oil that should not be
overlooked in the United States is
the oil that can be obtained from to-
mato' seeds. Every year huge quan-
tities are processed in the canneries
of the United States; Jamieson
(1932) states that seeds constitute
from .5 to .6 per cent of the tomato
fruit.
Recent experimental work showed
that the ether soluble material of
dried tomato seeds extracted in a
Soxhlet apparatus for eight hours
amounted to over 20.62 per cent. It
was also reported that when the
whole residue of ' tomato cannery
waste was extracted an ether soI-
uble fraction of 12.4 per cent was
obtained.
The analysis of the residue yield-
ed the following data:
1. Ratio of pulp to seed—approxi-
'mately' 1.6 to 1.
2. Moisture content of the residue
27.1 per cent.
It was estimated 250,000 pounds of
oil could be obtained from the resi-
!due.
Mud Stains
Mud ,stains, especially on chil-
dren's clothes, are among the most
frequent clothes cleaning problems
in spring time. Mud stains are not
difficult to remove if dealt with
promptly and properly.
Clothing specialists advise letting
the mud dry, then brush off as much
as possible with a stiff brush. If
the mud is on a wash garment, soak
in clear cold water then wash with
soap and warm water. If the gar-
ment is not washable,sponge the
stain with denatured alcohol. For
rayon and colored clothes use dilut-
ed alcohol.
ilut-ed-alcohol. Twice as much water as
alcohol is the proportion.
Mud often does more damage to
leather than to fabric. If left to
dry on shoes it may make a perma-
nent stain. It should be removed at
'once with a wet cloth or stiff brush.
Polish shoes when dry.
Wash Dress
If an old dress shows no holes and
is color -fast and reasonably shrink -
proof, start washing with a good
tubbing in lukewarm sudsy water.
Wash each dress separately, even`
if several are to be given the soap -
and -water, ,rejuvenation treatment:
For both wools and rayons, use luke-
warm water throughout the launder-
ing and rinsing: Support wool and
knitted rayons with two hands when-
ever lifting from one tub to another
to avoid having the weight of the
water pull thein out of shape. After
the last rinse, roll quickly in a large
'cloth to -remove excess: moisture, un-
roll and dry on a dress hanger,
Says Food' Yeasts Add
e Many. Missing'Vitatnins
"Food Xeast-a neWly discovered
vegetable food that tastes like meat
1—may eogn play: an ftn octant part
!. h
in the health" a our country and
the feeding of s•tarving; European
populations," Capt. E. K. Guinn,;
Washingtop, D, C,, says' in
Hygeia,, the Health: Magazine, -<but
admonishes that it will' not actually
take the place of meat and other
staple foods.
"' Food yeast is a strain of the'Teru
la utilis species of yeast. It should
not be confused with baker's yeast,,
which is fresh and live, with a some-:
what; unpleasant taste, or with brew-
er's
rew '
er's. yeast,.�which is dry. and bitter
unless.specially treated.
"Sorne have become overly .opti-,
mistic over' food yeast, Captain Gu-;
bin explains., "Several national pub..,
lications have recently carried rath-I`
er sensational articles on the subject'
—so sensational that scientific facts+
have been distorted to make it ap-
pear that food' yeast will'actually'
take the place of meat and other,
staple foods, ' Such is not the case;'
too much yeast taken 'ate one time
may' actually be harmful to the di-
gestive processes. ,
"Food yeast will never replace
staple items of diet. Instead, food'.
yeast effectively supplements other
foods in two important ways. First,
even in small amounts it will pro-
vide much vitamin B complex so
essential to human life—thiamine,
riboflavin and niacin—the vitamins
that increase stamina, promote
nerve health and stimulate appetite
and digestion, Second, it will pro-
vide protein that is high in quality,
with many of the important amino
acids not found in ordinary cereal
proteins. People forced to exist on;
diets of bread, mush and other ce-
reals, without enough meat, milk or
eggs, will find' that food yeast pro-
vides the missing vitamins and,
amino acids so necessary to health."
Soak Dishes in Cool
Suds, Then Wash Later
Baking day brings a lot of extra
dishes to wash. Put bowls, mixing
spoons, egg beaters, and other im-
plements to soak in cool suds the
moment •they have been used. The
slightest amount of soap will do—
just enough to make a light suds.
Then, while the cake and bread Is
in the oven, all the utensils can be
thoroughly washed very quickly be-
cause there has been no chance for'
the eggs or the dough to harden on'
them.
The dishwater will stay nice and
clean, too, because the preliminary'
soaking has removed most of the.
food particles. The same soapy dish-
water, with perhaps a kettleful of
added hot water and a small addi-
tional amount of soap, will do for
washing the cake pans later on when
they come out of the oven.
If pans are very greasy or have
dough adhering to the bottom, they
can be wiped out first with a piece
of paper. If this is done as soon as
cakes are taken from the pan, the
pans are much easier to wash.
Stream's, Lakes, Marshes
The native Estonians are chiefly
of Finno-Ugrian "stock, unlike the' in-
habitants of neighboring Latvia and
Lithuania, but, related' to the Finns
and iungarians. It is believeil they
came originally from the Ural fnoun-
tains,' between Europe and Asia,
with other tribes. that,wandered
westward to settle finally ` in ' Fin-
land and other European countries.
The. tribes that chose) Estonia for
their home' found a land of forests,
streams, Iakes, and- marshes. ,Low
and flat, it is` especially suited to
some kinds of agriculture, despite
its northern climate, with snowfall
often crowding the harvest season.
About 70 per of the Estonians
make. their living by farming and
dairying; Before the war' butter,
eggs, and bacon were exported to
Estonia's best customers, Great Brit-
,
sin and Germany:
The chief crops;. are rye, wheat,
barley oats flax aid potatoes Es-
tonia lives up to an old description
of it as a "fair land of potatoes and
stone." Rock -dotted, it normally pro-
duces so many potatoes that nearly
a ton could be given annually to
each inhabitant. Forests are still
abundant, and in peacetime provide
many articles of export, including
lumber, matches, furniture, carved
toys. Oil shale is important in the
national wealth, yielding asphalt,
pitch, lubricating and fuel oil, some
benzine and gasoline for motor cars
and planes.
Rheumatic Fever Strikes
Children, Impairs Heart
Rheumatic fever generally fol-
lows an illness of streptococcal type,
such as scarlet fever, tonsilitis;
pharyngitis and certain kinds of
colds. 'Usually the rheumatic symp-
toms appear two or three weeks
after a youngster has contracted one
o the o
f tl f regoing diseases.
„ l Symptoms fairly typical of rheu-
Fly Fish
Half a million fertilized "flying"
fish eggs, a Good Neighbor gift from
the Great Lakes of the United States
to famous Lake Titicaca, highest
navigable lake in the world in south-
ern Peru in the heart of South Amer-
ica's Andes mountains, were recent-
ly flown in one of the most unusual
shipments in air history.
Shipment of the eggs by air was
the only way to insure their safe
arrival during the brief time period
during which they had to be kept
under special conditions. It is more
than 4,000 miles from the Great
Lakes to Arequipa, Peru, most con-
venient Panagra airport to Lake
Titicaca, where the eggs were de-;
Posited, but it took only four days!
for the shipment to cover that dis-,
Lance. Even by the fastest steam-;
er—of which none would have been:
available due to war conditions—the!
trip would in all probability have re -1
quired nearly three weeks.
Paint Landing Mats
Army engineers have a double;
reason for keeping steel landing;
mats^ for airplanes meticulously
painted. First of all, these mats„ '
which aremade in sections and can;
be laid down so fast by a landing,
party that under some conditions;
it is said that it has been possible
for planes to make use of them
within 30 minutes, would be quickly
destroyed by rust in hot, }tumid cli-
mates if they were not protected by
paint. Secondly, a coating of red,"
rust would look like a signal flag in,
a green jungle and could draw•
bombing from enemy aviators. The;
colors, used on, the landing mats va-
ries according to the color of the
ic
theby to
mat fever are: inflammation of
the joints which is shown by redness,•
swelling and tenderness in the joints;
small hard lumps or rheumatic
nodules, formed under the skin
mainly over bony surfaces and about
the joints; and Saint Vitus' dance
(phorea), due presumably to the
effect of the rheumatic process on
nervous 'tissue.
Whatever outward form the dis-
ease takes, its inner work is usually
the same. It causes inflammation
and swelling of the heart valves
which regulate the flow of blood, and
frequently as this heals, it leaves
the valves puckered and inefficient.
Children 'are especially suscep-
tible to rheumatic fever, but adults
are by no means immune. In an
average year it kills five times as
many youngsters as infantile paraly-
sis, and kills more people between
the ages of 5 and 44 than pneumonia.
TI1DR ., NOV. 2nd 1.9-1].1
Flnds Thanksgiving Is Silk Culture in West .,
Not of Amer
ican;Origin
Thanksgiving day is not the pure -
1 •
y American ,mventjon we usual,
si er y
saYs'Dr. F, J. T§than
' professor of European 'ht.
the Pennsylvania' a n ste. 's
at
i State college. It's.
an old Roman custom, he said, and
a ,tradition with th'e''ancient -
Greeks,
Chinese, Japanese, Jews, ,and Ger-
manic peoples too,
"All through h .
g the Middle Ages and
even today .the church has fostered
the idea of thanking God not only
on.- one day. but everyday," Dr.
y,
Tschan added. "The Puritans, how-
ever,
renewed the idea of feasting."
Thanksgiving festivals were held.
in China a thousand years before'
Christ, while the Roman feast of
Ceres and the ancient Greeks' feast
of Demeter were closely similar in
spirit, he explained, '
The Jews have been celebrating
brat ng
Hoshannah Rabbah — Thanksgiving
to God—for many centuries, and the
Saps hold two harvest thanksgiving
festivals each year. Other forerun-
ners are the Germanic feast of the
Harvest Home and the day of thanks-
giving observed by the Norwegians
on either the last Friday of October
or the first Friday in November.
Citrus Fruits Help.
Combat Winter Colds
Increased intake` of orange, and
grapefruit juice is advised by many
doctors in combating winter respira-
tory colds.
The alkaline salts of citrus juices
are very effective in restoring the
normal alkaline balance of the body
and in counteracting the overacid
condition which many doctors agree
makes our systems so much more
susceptible to colds and influenza.
The citric acid in citrus juices,
particularly grapefruit juice, keeps
the blood cleansed' and in a condi-
tion to resist colds, and when taken
into the system "acid" fruits and
foods become alkaline. Most doc-
ors are agreed that the moment a
cold or mild "grippe" or "flu" is
contracted it is best to cut
Mint Family
Perilla belongs to a group of the,
mint family of Asiatic origin. It;
is sometimes used' as an ornamental,
plant because of the bright -colored
foliage. The seed yields an oil with.
the quality of drying rapidly and is,'.
therefore; utilized in the paint and
linoleum industries where it is blend
ed with other oils in the manufac-•
tore of various varnishes, enamels,
linoleums, and allied products. in
Japan it was used in the Manufac-
ture of paper umbrellas, oil paper,
and artificial leather. Imports of
perilla oil into the United States in
1935, amounted to approximately
75,000,000 pounds, valued at 16'k
cents a pound. In Manchuria, perilla
oil, or Su-Tzu as it is known, is
used as a fuel for lamps; a vehicle
for pigments especially on metal
objects where its rapid drying quali-
ties are needed; in some cases as a
food; and as a fence row to protect
edible forage crops from animals,
Apparently the strong pungent odor
of perilla was sufficient to act as a
barrier against grazing livestock,
atcan
tle, ".
anuses.
a. lrrogress in Brazi
With the sto ` a e .of silk . imports
1?Pg � P s
from Japan, Brazil is expanding raw
silk production and'several other,
American republics have' be un pro-
duction or experiments g p.
erirn n
e is insericul-
ture.
�i
ser cul-
ture. ' -Silk is panther example ' of
hemisphere P
p re development to:help off-
set loss of Far' Eastern supplies,
Production of raw silk in the,
Americas . has made its:'; greatest
progress in Brazil. Since 1923, the -
Brazilian government has 'subsidized
production of raw silk and the in-
dustry has made long strides. Fed"-
eral, state and municipal govern-
ments have stimulated enterprise,
particularly in the state of . Sao
Paulo:
Brazil's raw silk production has
passed the 500,000 -pound mark. This
is about half of the average amount
of silk imported into Brazil during
pre-war years. Brazil aims for pro-
duction of sufficient silk to meet do-
mestic requirements, plus a surplus
for export.
In Brazil, thousands of acres of
f rrtile land are devoted to the
growth of mulberry trees. The trees.
increased from 10,000,000 in` 1940 to
30,000,000 in 1942. In 1940, there
were only three reeling mills or fila-
tures, with a total of 273 reeling ba-
sins, in operation in the state of Sao
Paulo, At the end of 1942 there were
25 filatures and 619 reeling basins
Aprons Come Back Into
Own in Kitchen, Parlor
The once humble apron is coming
back into fashion, not.only for
kitchen wear but for a proud ap-
pearance in the living room.
For kitchen wear, the substantial
cotton apron is still tops. It can be
made of practically anything, from
the tails of discarded, shirts to fine
chambray or percale. Criss-cross '
shoulder straps, or pinafore tops
with narrow ruffles are two popu-
lar styles. When buying or making
aprons, the important thing is to
put the accent on simplicity so that
ironing will not be a chore.
When the apron goes into the par -
or, as it now .so frequently does, it
is usually made of a fancier"
though equally washable fabric.
Bright plaid rayons, or daintily
sheer lawn trimmed with bright ap-
pliques, are used to create sophisti-
cated "cocktail aprons," which are
just as fetching at the tea table.
The dressy aprons, though laun-
derable, need the same treatment in
the tub as other articles made of
dainty fabrics. Lukewarm water for
washing and, rinsing is essential. A
little starch for the lawns and or-
gandies, but none for the rayons.
Iron carefully with an iron that is
moderately warm.
on heavy and rich dishes, omit 1
sweets and drink copiously of water
and citrus juices. This will help
cleanse the system, restore its nor-
mal condition and reduce danger of
fever.
Before Dinner Bath Soothing
On cold and dreary winter eve-
nings, when you come home from
a Iong day of hard work, it often
takes all the will power at your coni-
mand to be a civil companion, Fa-
tigue is the cause of many a display
of temper, and certainly does not
add to the popularity nor usefulness
of an man
an or woman
To recapture good humor and to
rout ordinary weariness, why not
take a soothing warm -water bath?
Five minutes in the tub—scrubbing
and lolling --will usually do the trick.
If 10 minutes are available, take a
longer soak or spend the extra time
stretched out on the bed. Get into
some cozy lounging gown, put on a
new make-up, run a comb through
your hair, and you will not only be
in the mood for dinner but will eat
it with gusto.
Wash away your troubles and the
day's grime at the same time, and
get the most from your dinner and.
the evening hours of leisure.
World's Greatest Oaks
An important discovery was made
by an expedition of the U. S. for-
estry service, surveying the timber
wealth of Central and South Ameri-
ca—a "lost forest" of the biggest
oak trees in the world, extending
for miles along the interocean di-
vide, within 50 miles of San' Jose,
Costa Rica. Some of the trees are
8 feet in diameter.
The survey revealed a greater va-
riety of trees than anywhere in the
United States, with as many as 100
ps o e acre. A hitherto un-
ecie
s t th
known species of vantanea will be
use in
the Inter -Ameri-
can highway. Timber surveyed may
go far to meet. Europe's postwar
demand, estimated at 7,000;000,000
to 10,000,000,000 board feet a year.
Wood Cure
In 1508 a wood "cure" for man's
more serious iIInesses ' was intro-
duced by the medical profession of
Europe. This wood, imported from'
Cuba and supposedly endowed with
miraculous powers, was named "lig-
num vitae" or wood of life. A fa-,
vorite of the courtiers, a pound of
this healing tree was sold for seven
gold ' crowns and two centuries
passed before its medicinal value
was questioned.
Today, however, this strong, wa-
ter-resistant wood is used ]n sub-
stantial pulley , sheaves, caster
wheels, stencil and chisel blocks,
masthead trucks, and the bearings
or brushing blocks used in lining the
stern tubes or propeller shafts of
steamships.
Banana Trade
The banana trade as we now know
it is decidedly ,neW. The first ba-
nanas to arrive in New York were
brought there front Cuba in 1804. By
1830 occasional clipper shipswere
bringing small cargoes from Cuba
and the Bahamas.' This trickle grad-
ually increased, but as recently as
the Philadelphia Centennial of 1876,,
red bananas wrapped in tinfoil were
sold as an exotic curiosity. It was
not until the introduction of the mod-
ern refrigerated' steamship at, the
turn of the century, that the real
banana, indtistry'was born, 1,.
Measure Animal Electricity
Measurement of "animal electric-
ity" in hatching -eggs and gauging
the physical and chemical changes
in newly laid eggs by electrical ef-
fects in a radio frequency field are
two methods for separation of fertile
and infertile eggs now being devel-
oped by scientists of Cornell univer-
sity-
Because hatcherymen now have
no practical means of separating fer-
tile from infertile eggs before they
are put in the incubators, about 150,-
000,000 infertile eggs are each year
ruined for human food by being put
into the heat of incubators. This.
amounts to about 10 per cent of the
total number of eggs used for hatch-
ing.
Poultrymen have found that the
culling of poor birds from breeding
Hocks does not prevent the produc-
tion of some infertile eggs, nor does
removal of infertile eggs after six
or seven days of incubation prove
practical, because of the labor in-
volved. After a few days at incu-
bating temperature, these eggs have
lost much of their quality.
Rust. Prevention
It is estimated that the navy is
saving $10,000,000 annually" through
its rust prevention program. Cor-
rosion of vital spare machine parts
for combat and construction equip-
ment has been sharply reduced. It
is pointed out that more important
than the saving of money is the in-
tangible value of preventing possi-
ble delay in operations caused when
vital parts arrive at the theater of
operations in unusable, condition.
The danger of corrosin is accen-
tuated in areas of high humidity,;
notably in the South Pacific. Salt
spray also accelerates rust forma-
tion. 'Delicate parts with close tol-
erances must be provided complete
protection from the time they leave
the factory until their installation in
weapons of war.
Paint, varnish and lacquer spe-
cialists have had an important part
in devising special protective coat-
ings designed to meet special con-
ditions to, which war equipment is
subjected in different parts of the
world.
Tell Tree's Age
The age of trees - grown in the
temperate zones can be determined
by counting the number of annual
rings, from the bark to the pith and
adding the number of years re-
quired by the ;tree to attain the
height where the ring count starts. s
The top;of a stump is idea] for
counting rings but, in standing' tim-
ber of moderate size,foresters use
an increments borer. This' is an in-
strument which removes a cylindri-
cal cross-section of wood about the
diameter of a lead pencil. The rings
in this section may be counted..
Good Handiiiig-Iediices •
Dreg ed'Chick Disease
Better• •manageptent, of growing ,
o ie 's andpu etas in the first weeks
of their lives "can help to prevent
p «
serious 'losses from the avian leit-
lydsi
s complex m
x ,which took.he
R
a "
heavy
toll from pullet flocks= of 1943,
Range paralysis, big liver, and
several other. maladies of poultry
are caused by this "leukosis coon-
plex,""- says Prof. C; W. Barber of
the New York State, College of Vet-
s
Medicine.
Birds seldom recover entirely
from the disease, and if' they do
manage to live, never'become good
producers of eggs. or meat.- They
are also carriers of the disease.
For reducing the damage caused I
by leukosis,' Professor Barber sug-
gests . the following steps' in man-
agement: Keep adult birds and young ,
birds on separate farms if possible,!
at least in buildings. separated as!
much as possible. Direct travel from,
laying pens to chick houses should'.
be stopped;
Never crowd the chicks, he ad --
vises, and keep the houses well ven-
tilated. The poultryman should try
to keep the brooder house at the;
right temperature, should keep it
clean, and if possible allow the birds..;
plenty of sunshine. Birds should be
kept on good clean range as much ,
of the rearing season as possible.
•
Life on Atoll Lived
To Thunder of Waves..
Life on a Pacific atoll like the Mar -
shells or Gilberts is lived under the
glare of the gun and the pallid light
of moon and stars. Temperatures
run high. Vegetation is likely to...
be sparse. Drinking water is a prob
lem. Where coconuts grow thirst.
can be, quenched with their milk.
Natives look to trees for much of
their food—coconuts, pandanus fruit,
breadfruit, bananas, and the like.
Taro and arrowroot have been.
grown where soil and space allow.
Fish are a staple.
Atoll life is isolated, is lived to.,
the thunder of the rollers pounding!
the sea face and the thumping of'
coral fragments shaken together in:
the backwash. Houses, if any, are.
usually built on the lagoon side of.
the atoll, have thatched roofs, are -
pitched on poles. Range of animal
life is narrow; only native mam-
mals are two species of bats. Dogs,
cats, pigs, rats have been brought,
in, have increased.
Islanders could once thank their
lucky stars that they were free of
man -borne diseases. Mid -Pacific ac-
tivity of the Japanese after the first
World war scourged atoll dwellers,
with the ills of civilization, caused
native depopulation.
Bamboo Pulp
Indian paper mills are carrying.
out successful experiments in the
manufacture of Kraft papers from
bamboo. Fine quality writing and
printing papers have always been..
made from bamboo, but the ever-
increasing demand for strong wbap-
iping and bag materials has induced.
the Indian paper industry to test
!the adaptability of bamboo in the.
The present
available facilities in India for the
manufacture of Kraft pulp are inade-
quate but the experiments conclu-
sively prove that by improving man-
ufacturing methods it will be possi-
ble to produce bamboo Kraft pulps.
that will compare with the beat,
Swedish and American products.
Face Camouflage
Paint for face and hand camou-.
flage for soldiers has been standard-
ized in nine colors: light green, dark.
green, sand, field drab, earth brown,
earth yellow, loam, earth red, and
olive drab. These tints of paint are
put up in tubes and issued to sol-
. diers in selected areas, with small
booklets containing instructions for
the use of the paint. The funda-
mental purpose is to overcome the
conspi nous reflection of white skin
and to obscure the face by the appli-
cation of irregular blotches of paint.
The colors used are determined by
the prevailing colors of the environ-
ment in which the soldier is open
sting,
Luminous Lighting
While authorities on paint are not
yet ready to confirm the predictions
of those enthusiasts who believe that
luminescent paint will supplant light.
from lamps sometime in the post-
war period, many new uses for
luminous coatings already have been.
developed and are expected to have
extensive application ]n improving„
illumination in homes, factories,
stores, theatres and other structures.
As an example of the development•
of luminous materials, "Witcomb-
ings" reports a fluorescent material
which shows a warm yellow color
when exposed to ultra -violet rays,,
instead of the usual glaring white
or bluish -white color.
Brown Rot
"The importance of timely spray
ing to prevent brown rot in apricots,
and other stone fruits, cannot be,.
overemphasized," affirms II. M. But-
terfield, specialist in agricultural
extension, University of California.
-"The . contfol of brown rot in apri-
cots is mainly a matter of complete .
removal of 'mummies' and blighted.
tyigs of ,the preceding year, 'and
thorough spraying at just the right
time in the spring ,when the blos-
soms are in the red -bud stage," But-
terfield said.."Too early or too,
late sprayings are equally useless," '
•